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Automotive Electricity and ElectronicsBy James D. Halderman

Pearson Education-Prentice Hall Automotive©2009

Clues Across 2. A term used to describe the change in the color of an HID arc tube assembly over time. 4. A health condition where asbestos causes scar tissue to form in the lungs causing shortness

of breath. 8. A method of determining the direction of magnetic lines of force around a conductor. The

left-hand rule is used with the electron flow theory (- flowing to +). 11. The unit of measurement for electrical magnetic field strength. 12. A reversible hand tool used to rotate a socket. 13. Bolts manufactured and sized in the metric system of measurement. 17. A type of rubber tubing that shrinks to about half of its original diameter when heated. Used

over a splice during a wire repair. 19. Another name for a series-parallel electrical circuit. 20. Switch located at each door and used to raise or lower the power window for that door only. 21. A tester that displays voltage levels on a screen. 23. A small coil of wire installed in the power lead, leading to a pulsing unit, such as an IVR to

prevent radio interference. 25. An electrical system that uses a ground that is not connected to the chassis of the vehicle. 29. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. 34. a condition of being shorted such as a short circuit. 37. The metal end of a wire which fits into a plastic connector and is the electrical connection

part of a junction. 38. Electric motors that use permanent magnets for the field instead of electro-magnets. 43. The number stamped on an automotive light bulb. All bulbs of the same trade number have

the same candlepower and wattage, regardless of the manufacturer of the bulb. 44. Gross axle weight rating. A rating of the load capacity of a vehicle and included on placards

on the vehicle and in the owner's manual. 48. Total Harmonic Distortion. A rating for an amplifier used in sound system. 50. Sentry Key Immobilizer System. A type of anti theft system used in Chrysler vehicles. 52. A notification to the owner of a vehicle that a safety issue needs to be corrected. 54. Computer memory capability that is not lost when power is removed. 56. A part that is returned to a parts store and which will be turned over to a company to be

repaired or remanufactured. 57. a treaded fastener with a head at one end used for a wrench to socket to turn to install or

remove. 58. A specific segment of a waveform, as defined by the grid on the display. 59. A flat ribbon of wire used under the steering wire to transfer airbag electrical signals. May

also carry horn and steering wheel control circuits depending on make and model of vehicle. 62. Passive Anti-Theft System. A type of anti-theft system used in Ford, Lincoln and Mercury

vehicles. 64. The lowest possible voltage potential in a circuit. In electrical terms, a ground is the

desirable return circuit path. Ground can also be undesirable and provide a shortcut path for a defective electrical circuit.

66. Amplitude modulation. 70. Lights at the rear of the vehicle which light whenever the brake pedal is depressed. 73. An instrument used to measure the specific gravity of a liquid. A battery hydrometer is

calibrated to read the expected specific gravity of battery electrolyte. 78. A material that does not readily conduct electricity and heat. A nonmetal material that

contains more than four electrons in its atom's outer shell. 82. A motor that moves a specified amount of rotation. 84. A thin metal spacer.

85. A temperature scale where absolute zero is zero degrees. Nothing is colder than absolute zero.

87. An electro-mechanical device that creates a loud sound when activated. 88. A pair of wires that are twisted together from 9 to 16 turns per foot of length. Most are

twisted once every inch (12 per foot) to help reduce electromagnetic inference from being induced in the wires as one wire would tend to cancel out any interference pickup up by the other wire.

90. Abbreviation for short/long arm suspension. 92. A name for three interconnected windings inside an alternator. A rotating rotor provides a

moving magnetic field and induces a current in the windings of the stator. 93. Nonvolatile random access memory. 95. A type of tester that can detect either power or ground. Most testers can detect voltage but

most of the others can not detect if a ground is present without further testing. 97. An electrical device that allows current to flow in one direction only. 102. cathode fluorescent lighting. 104. Rear Park Assist. The General Motors term to describe the system used to detect objects

and warn the drive when backing. 107. Usually used in reference to a conductor or electronic circuit breaker. As the temperature

increases, the electrical resistance also increases. 110. Unified national coarse. 112. A voltage produced by a rotating coil such as a starter motor where the armature is being

moved through a magnetic field. 113. An electrical tester deigned to measure electrical resistance in ohms. 114. The resistance to the movement of magnetic lines of force. 116. A type of speaker used in a audio system that is designed to transmit high frequency

sounds. 117. Liquid-crystal display. 120. Information on data from sensors to an electronic controller is called input. Sensors and

switches provide the input signals. 121. Means 1000; abbreviated k or K. 123. Abbreviation for instrument panel. 124. A semiconductor device that can operate as an amplifier or an electrical switch. 126. A pipe or other device used to increase the amount of force applied to a wrench or ratchet.

Not recommended to be used because it can cause the wrench or ratchet to break and causing possible personal injury.

128. Programmable read-only memory. 130. The name of one section of a transistor. The arrow used on a symbol for a transistor is on

the emitter and the arrow points toward the negative section of the transistor. 131. Clean Air Act. Federal legislation passed in 1970 and updated in 1990 that established

national air quality standards. 132. Digital volt-ohm-milliammeter. 135. Individual magnetic lines of force. 136. Single pole, single throw. A type of electrical switch. 140. The power side of an electrical circuit. 141. The setting of the amount of time per division when adjusting a scope. 142. metal oxide varistor. An electronic device that operates like two back-to-back zener diodes. 144. A communications system used to link multiple computers or modules. 146. A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Also called an alternator. 147. An electrical law that requires 1 volt to push 1 ampere through 1 ohm of resistance. 148. An electrical fault where the current is going to ground rather than through the load and then

to ground. 152. The unit of the amount of current flow. Named for André Ampère (1775-

1836). 154. A dash display when it first comes on and lights all possible segments. Can be used to test

the dash display for missing lighted segments. 156. Vehicle Antitheft System. A system used on some General Motors vehicles.

157. Light-emitting diode. A high-efficiency light source that uses very little electricity and produces very little heat.

160. Powertrain control module. 161. A 3-terminal variable resistor that varies the voltage drop in a circuit. 162. A form of energy that is recognized by the attraction it exerts on other materials. 163. Usually colorless liquids that are used to remove grease and oil. 165. Central Processor Unit. 166. Single pole, double throw. A type of electrical switch. 167. An insulator used between two conductors to form a capacitor. 171. A unit of measurement of frequency. One Hertz is one cycle per second, abbreviated Hz.

Named for Heinrich R. Hertz, a 19th century German physicist. 172. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. OSHA is the main federal agency

responsible for enforcement of workplace safety and health legislation. 174. Data that is transmitted by a series of rapidly changing voltage signals. 176. The ratio of the weight of a given volume of a liquid divided by the weight of an equal volume

of water. 178. An electronic circuit that contains many circuits all in one chip. 180. Valve regulated lead-acid battery. A sealed battery that is both spill proof and leakproof.

AGM and gelled electrolyte are both examples of VRLA batteries. 183. Doping elements used in the construction of diodes and transistors. 184. The heating element of an inflator module which starts the chemical reaction to create the

gas which inflates an air bag. 191. Usually used in reference to a conductor or electronic circuit breaker. As the temperature

increases, the electrical resistance also increases. 192. Another name for the branches of a parallel circuit. 193. Overload or over limit. 194. A test light used by technicians to test for voltage that has high impedance and uses an LED

with a 470 ohm resistor to control current through the tester. 199. A process of cutting the insulation, usually mica, from between the segments of a starter

commutator. 202. The wires from the control switch tot eh lift motor on a power window circuit. The direction of

current flow through these wires determines which direction the window moves. 204. A device consisting of a magnet, coil of wire and a cone which reproduces sounds from the

electrical signals sent to the speakers from a radio or amplifier. 206. A type of saw used to cut metal and uses a replaceable blade. 207. An abbreviation for single wire CAN (Controller Area Network). 209. The density of the magnetic lines of force around a magnet or other object. 212. International Standards Organization. 213. The production of current flow created by heating the connection of two dissimilar metals. 218. A type of secondary (rechargeable) that uses a liquid electrolyte. 220. The number of times a waveform repeats in one second, measured in Hertz (Hz), frequency

band. 222. The size in fractions of an inch of the square drive for sockets. 223. A device first used to store an electrical charge. The first type of capacitor. 225. Cables that attach to the positive and negative terminals of the battery. 228. Electronic throttle control. 231. A type of battery test where an electrical load is applied to the battery and the voltage is

monitored to determine the condition of a battery. 232. The reverse flow of electrical current through a circuit or electrical unit that should not

normally be operating. This feedback current (reverse-bias current flow) is most often caused by a poor ground connection for the same normally operating circuit.

234. A safety device used on a solvent washer which would melt and cause the lid to close in the event of a fire. A type of fuse used to control the maximum current in a circuit.

235. Abbreviation for the Department of Transportation. 237. A hand tools used to smooth metal. 240. A module and computer that is part of a communications network.

241. A type of dash instrument that indicates values by use of the movement of a needle or similar device. An analog signal is continuous and variable.

242. The curve shape of a liquid when in a tube. Used to determine when a battery has been properly filled with distilled water.

243. A term used to describe a crash sensor that is built into the airbag control module. 245. an electrical test using a voltmeter and an ammeter to test the condition of the charging

circuit. 247. An electromagnetic switch that uses a movable arm. 248. Cathode Ray Tube. A type of display which is commonly used in TVs. 252. The adding of impurities to pure silicon or germanium to form either P or N type material. 254. The end of a starter motor that contains the commutator and brushes. Also called the brush

end housing. 255. An abbreviation for operational amplifier. Used in circuits to control and simplify digital

signals. 256. Read-only memory. 257. Root Mean Square. A method of displaying variable voltage signals on a digital meter. 258. Radio frequency. 261. The wires used in a power window circuit that are used to control the operation of the

windows. 263. An electronic circuit that separates frequencies in a sound (audio) system. 264. Battery Council International. This organization establishes standards for batteries. 266. A chemical-coated light-emitting element called a phosphor is hit with high-speed electrons

which cause it to glow and creates light. 269. Absorbed glass mat. AGM batteries are lead-acid batteries, but use an absorbent material

between the plates to hold the electrolyte. AGM batteries are classified as valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries.

270. The point where two types of materials join. 271. Peak Inverse Voltage. A rating for a diode. 272. The accuracy of a meter measured in percent. 274. A crystal that determines the speed of computer circuits. 276. the formula for Watts is the voltage times the amperes in the circuit which represents the

electrical power in the circuit. 277. When certain metals are exposed to light, some of the light energy is transferred to the free

electrons of the metal. This excess energy breaks the electrons loose from the surface of the metal. They can then be collected and made to flow in a conductor which is called photoelectricity.

278. Double pole, single throw switch. 279. The point where magnetic lines of force enter or leave a magnet. 280. A female threaded fastener to be used with a bolt or stud. 281. Electrical Power Management. A General Motors term used to describes a charging system

control sensor and the control of the generator(alternator) output based on the needs of the vehicle.

284. A short range wireless communication standard named after a Danish king that had a bluetooth.

289. An electrical test instrument used to measure volts (unit of electrical pressure). A voltmeter is connected in parallel with the unit or circuit being tested.

290. Electrical tester designed to test starter and DC generator armatures. 293. Switch installed between the two separate braking circuits of a dual master to light the dash

board "brake" light in the event of a brake system failure, causing a difference in brake pressure.

294. A sensor that has a permanent magnet and a coil of wire and produces an analog voltage signal if a metal wheel with notches passes close to the sensor.

298. A resistor usually between 300 and 500 ohms that is connected in a circuit in parallel with the load to help reduce a voltage spike caused when a current following through a coil is turned off.

301. Silicon or germanium doped with phosphorus, arsenic, or antimony.

302. electrons that are close to the nucleus of the atom. 304. Vehicle identification number. 306. A hand tools used with a hammer to drive out pins and other small objects. 310. The strength of a bolt or fastener in the length-wise direction. 313. A group of six diodes, three positive (+) and three negative (-) commonly used in generators

(alternators). 315. A hand tool used to deliver a force to a concentrated place. 319. Instrument voltage regulator. 320. Supplemental Air Restraints. Another term used to describe an airbag system. 321. A theory which states that as an electron flows from negative (-) to positive (+), it leaves

behind a hole. According to the hole theory, the hole would move from positive (+) to negative (-).

323. A space below the cell plates of some batteries to permit the accumulation of sediment deposits flaking from the battery plates. A sediment chamber keeps the sediment from shorting the battery plates.

324. A computer that uses on and off signals only. Uses an A to D converter to change analog signals to digital before processing.

325. A heavy metal that is liquid at room temperature. 326. Technical service bulletin. 328. A test light that has a battery and lights if there is continuity (electrical connection) between

the two points that are connected to the tester. 329. Brushes used in a starter motor that connect to battery power through the solenoid. 330. Above Ground Storage Tank used to store oil. 331. Any substance which, in solution, is separated into ions and is made capable of conducting

an electric current. The acid solution of a lead-acid battery. 332. The resistance of a coil of wire, measured in ohms. 333. The speed at which bits of computer information are transmitted on a serial data stream.

Measured in bits per second (bps). 335. The release of hydrogen and oxygen gas from the plates of a battery during charging or

discharging. 336. An electrical network which ties several modules together. 337. The control switch for the power windows located near the driver who can operate all of the

windows. 338. Centrally High Mounted Stop Light; the third brake light. 339. The assembly of motor, motor control, operating linkage plus the wiper arms and blades

which are used to remove rain water from the windshield. 342. The metal part of the field coils in a starter motor. 343. A circuit in which current flows, but bypasses some or all the resistance in the circuit. A

connection that results in a "copper-to-copper" connection. 344. The name for the copper segments of the armature of a starter or DC generator. 345. A measurement of electrons. A coulomb is 6.28 x 101 (6.28 billion billion) electrons.

Down 1. Usually, a metallic-finned unit used to keep electronic components cool. 3. The process inside of a computer where data is stored before and after calculations have

been made. 5. Satellite Digital Audio Radio Services. Another term used to describe satellite radio. 6. Workplace Hazardous Materials Information Systems. 7. A signal sent by modules to all of the other modules in the network indicating that it is well

and able to transmit. 9. The magnets used as field coils in a starter motor. 10. Active Front headlight System. A name for the system that causes the headlights to turn

when cornering. 11. A type of automotive fuse.

14. A tool used to grasp the head of a bolt or nut and then rotated by a ratchet or breaker bar. 15. A brand name of a system used and included in many new vehicles to operate the automatic

garage door opener. 16. Magnetism remaining after the magnetizing force is removed. 18. A hand tool with two moveable jaws. 22. An electrical test instrument used to measure amperes (unit of the amount of current flow). 24. Override alternator pulley 26. A term used by General Motors to describe the connection of modules in a network. 27. Sealed Valve Regulated. A term used to describe a type of battery that is valve regulated

lead acid or sealed lead acid. 28. Random access memory. A nonpermanent type of computer memory used to store and

retrieve information. 30. Complementary metal oxide semiconductor. 31. A gauge used to measure the unit of magnetic induction or magnetic intensity named for

Karl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855), a German mathematician. 32. A decorative unit attached to keys. Often includes a remote control to unlock/lock vehicles. 33. One-thousandth of a volt or ampere. 35. Marine cranking amps. A battery specification. 36. Resistors whose resistance depends on the amount of voltage applied to them. 39. Event data recorder. The hardware and software used to record vehicle information before,

during and after an airbag deployment. 40. A short rod with threads on both ends. 41. A type of stator winding where all three coils are connected in a triangle shape. Named for

the triangle-shape Greek capital letter. 42. A spring which is part of a starter drive that acts on the starter pinion gear. 44. A part of a battery onto which the active material is pasted. 45. An electronic device that can detect light and turn on or off. Used in some suspension height

sensors. 46. The metric method for measuring wire size in the square millimeters. This is the measure of

the core of the wire and does not include the insulation. 47. Also called a capacitor; stores an electrical charge. 49. Daytime Running Lights. Lights that are on located in the front of the vehicle and come on

whenever the ignition is on. In some vehicles the vehicle has to be moving before they come on. Used as a safety device on many vehicles and required in many countries such as Canada since 1990.

51. The outer most ring or orbit of electrons around a nucleus of an atom. 53. A group of negative and positive plates to form a cell capable of producing 2.1 V. 55. An electric generator that produces alternating current; also called an AC generator. 59. A diode installed in a circuit with the cathode toward the positive. The diode becomes

forwarded biased when the circuit is turned off thereby reducing the high voltage surge created by the current flowing through a coil.

60. Double-pole, double-throw switch. 61. Light is emitted form an LED by the release of energy in the form of photons. 63. The name for the section of a transistor that controls the current flow through the transistor. 65. Unified national fine. 67. A two-terminal variable resistor. 68. A typical starter motor circuit where the current through the field windings is connected in

series with the armature before going to ground. Also called a series-wound starter. 69. An electrical circuit with more than one path from the power side to the ground side. Has

more than one branch or leg. 71. High efficiency particulate air filter vacuum used to clean brake dust. 72. Supplemental Restraint System. Another term for an airbag system. 74. The magnetic points of a generator (alternator) rotor. 75. A light used to test for voltage. Contains a light bulb with a ground wire at one end and a

pointed tip at the other end. 76. Serial Communication Interface, a type of serial data transmission used by Chrysler.

77. A hat that is plastic and hard to protect the head from bumps. 79. A mechanical tab that is used to secure a terminal into a connector. This lock tang must be

depressed to be able to remove the terminal from the connector. 80. Global Positioning System. A government program of 24 satellites which transmit signals

and used by receivers to determine their location. 81. The Troxler effect is a visual effect where an image remains on the retina of the eye for a

short time after the image has been removed. The effect was discovered in 1804 by Igney Paul Vital Troxler (1780-1866), a Swiss physician. Because of the Troxler effect, headlight glare can remain on the retina of the eye and create a blind spot.

83. Lead with many small holes to make a surface porous for use in battery negative plates; the chemical symbol for lead is Pb.

86. Windshield wipers whose speed can be varied. 89. High Intensity Discharge. A type of headlight that uses high voltage to create an arc inside

the arc tube assembly which then produces a blue-white light. 91. A camera mounts on the rear of the vehicle that is used to display what is behind a vehicle

when the gear selector is placed in reverse. 94. Voltage measured with the circuit energized and current flowing through the circuit. 96. Another term to describe voltage. 98. A computer program that uses engine test data to determine the best fuel-air ratio and spark

advance to use at each speed of the engine for best performance. 99. Wire used for low voltage automotive circuits, typically 12 volts. 100. A circuit is the path that electrons travel from a power source, through a resistance, and

back to the power source. 101. Gross vehicle weight rating. The total weight of the vehicle including the maximum cargo. 103. Another name for a series-parallel electrical circuit. 105. Light that illuminates the test tool's display from the back of the LCD. Also the rear window

of a vehicle. 106. The lower section of the back. 108. Remote Vehicle Start. A general Motor's term for the system that allows the driver to start

the engine using a remote control. 109. The specification of meter that indicates how small or fine a measurement the meter can

detect and display. 111. When the polarity of a battery is connected to a diode backwards and no current flows. 112. General term used to describe all interior lights. 115. Environmental Protection Agency. A federal government agency that oversees the

enforcement of laws related to the environment. Included in these laws are regulations on the amount and content of automotive emissions.

118. The number of threads per inch of a threaded fastener. 119. Underground storage tank 122. International Electrotechnical Commission. Set the safety standards for meters such as CAT

III. 125. A device used to divert or bypass part of the current from the main circuit. 127. The part of a starter that supports the field coils. 129. A fire-proof wool blanket used to cover a person who is on fire and smother the fire. 133. Lead with many small holes used to make a surface porous or sponge-like for use in battery

negative plates; the chemical symbol for lead is Pb. 134. The positive electrode; the electrode toward which electrons flow. 137. Transistor-Transistor Logic 138. Oil that has been used in an engine and has a chance to absorb metal particles and other

contaminants. 139. The negative electrode. 143. Separations between the cells of a battery. Partitions are made of the same material as that

of the outside case of the battery. 145. The measure of the strength or quality of a bolt or fastener. 149. The end of a generator (alternator) that has the brushes and the slip rings. 150. A signal that passes the AC signal component to the meter, but blocks the DC component.

Useful to observe an AC signal that is normally riding on a DC signal; for example, charging ripple.

151. Excessive AC voltage produced by a generator (alternator usually caused by a defective diode.

153. Digital multimeter. A digital multimeter is capable of measuring electrical current, resistance, and voltage.

155. The end of a starter or generator (alternator) where the brushes are located. 158. A material that is neither a conductor nor an insulator; has exactly four electrons in the

atom's outer shell. 159. Head up display. 164. Laws that were developed by Kirchhoff which pertain to series circuits. 168. A semiconductor material. 169. A type of battery that does not require routine adding of water to the cells. Most batteries

used in cars and light truck are maintenance free design. 170. Controller Area Network, a type of serial data transmission. 173. electrical parts of a parallel circuit. 175. Override alternator dampener. 176. The battery that is responsible for starting, charging, and lighting in a vehicle's electrical

system. 177. Counter electromotive force. 179. Codes used on many powertrain control modules. 181. Hand tools used to rotate bolts or nuts. 182. A type of solder for use in electrical repairs. Inside the center of the solder is a rosin that

acts as a flux to clean and help the solder flow. 185. Flat or shaped pieces of round metal with a hole in the center used between a nut and a part

or casting. 186. Supplemental Inflatable restraints. Another term for air bags. 187. Vacuum Tube Florescence. A type of dash display. 188. Ground wires that are not insulated and braided to help increase flexibility and reduce RFI. 189. Material Safety Data Sheets. 190. The rotating part of a generator where the magnetic field is created. 191. A type of automotive fuse. 195. The relative motion between a conductor and a magnetic field is opposed by the magnetic

field of the current it has induced. 196. Carbon or carbon-copper connections used to pass electrical current to a rotating assembly

such as an armature in a starter motor or a rotor in a generator (alternator). 197. A type of network communications used in many General Motors vehicles. 198. A type of transistor that has a base, emitter and collector. 200. Universal Asynchronous Receive/Transmit, a type of serial data transmission. 201. A unit of capacitance named for Michael Faraday (1791-1867), an English physicist. A Farad

is the capacity to store 1 coulomb of electrons at 1 volt of potential difference. 203. A unit that looks similar to a drinking fountain but used to wash the eyes with a large amount

of water at relatively low pressure. To be used ion the event that a person gets some chemical in the eyes.

205. A network communications protocol used by Ford. 208. A sharpened tool used with a hammer to separate two pieces of an assembly. 210. General Motors Local Area Network. GM's term for CAN used in GM vehicles. 211. The types of fires that a fire extinguisher is designed to handle is referred to as fire class. 214. Ignition off draw. A Chrysler term used to describe battery electrical drain or parasitic draw. 215. Vehicle emission control information. This sticker is located under the hood on all vehicles

and includes emission-related information that is important to the service technician. 216. Cranking amperes. A battery rating. 217. The area under a unit-body vehicle where two body panels join and are bent together and

then welded. A typical location to place a jack if the vehicle needs to be hoisted. 219. Negative temperature coefficient. Usually used in reference to a temperature sensor

(coolant or air temperature). As the temperature increases, the resistance of the sensor

decreases. 221. When using an oscilloscope connecting when the scope is to be triggered or started is

connected to another circuit when the one being measured. 224. Applying a load to a component such as a battery to measure its performance. 226. Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor. A type of transistor. 227. The term used to describe the chemical reaction that occurs inside a battery to produce

electricity. 229. A type of oil storage. 230. A spring used behind the starter pinion on a starter drive to force the drive pinion into mesh

with the ring gear on the engine. 232. Frequency modulation. A type of radio transmission. 233. An inflatable fabric bag that deploys in the event of a collision that is server enough to cause

personal injury. 236. The term used to describe the number of output circuits there are in a switch. 238. Cold Cranking Amps. A rating of a battery tested at zero degrees F. 239. A term used to describe a device when an electrical current is flowing through it. 244. Electronic Control Unit. A generic term for a vehicle computer. 246. A type of ammeter that is used a Hall Effect senor in a clamp that is used around a

conductor carrying a current. 248. Code of Federal Regulations. 249. Lane departure warning system. 250. The condition of being positive or negative in relation to a magnetic pole. 251. Electrostatic discharge. Another term for ESD is static electricity. 253. An electrical safety unit constructed of a fine tin conductor that will melt and open the

electrical circuit if excessive current flows through the fuse. 259. A type of crossover that uses electronic components to block certain frequencies. 260. A filter in an audio system that blocks low frequencies and only allows high frequencies to

pass through to the speakers. 262. The rotating unit inside a DC generator or starter, consisting of a series of coils of insulating

wire wound around a laminated iron core. 265. A mechanical unit that opens an electrical circuit in the event of excessive flow. 267. A type of speaker that is used to reproduce low frequency sounds. 268. A mechanical device that transfers the rotating motion of the window hand crank or electric

motor to a vertical motion to raise and lower a window in a vehicle. 273. An electromechanical device that performs mechanical movement as commanded by a

controller. 275. An atom with an excess or deficiency of electrons forming either a negative or a positive

charged particle. 282. Personal Protective Equipment which can include gloves, safety glasses, and other items. 283. A resistor that changes resistance with temperature. A positive-coefficient thermistor has

increased resistance with an increase in temperature. A negative-coefficient thermistor has increased resistance with a decrease in temperature.

285. Instrument setup to check wiring, circuits, connectors, or switches for breaks (open circuit) or short circuits (closed circuit).

286. Electronic Control Module. The name used by Ford to describe the computer used to control spark and fuel on older model vehicles.

287. A screw jack that is used to raise or lower a power seat. 288. See E2PROM. 291. Graphing Multimeter. 292. An electrical unit of power; 1 watt equals current (amperes) x voltage (1/746 hp). Named

after James Watt, a Scottish inventor. 295. A noise made by an alternator with a defective diode(s) 296. UART based protocol. 297. A process of operating an electronic device for a period from several hours to several days. 299. Steel bars with a male and female ends to extend the reach of a ratchet to rotate a socket

wrench.

300. The unit of electrical resistance. Named for Georg (spelled without an "e") Simon Ohm. 303. Silicon or germanium doped with boron or indium. 305. A type of flasher unit that can operate two or more bulbs at a constant rate. 306. Pulse width modulation; operation of a device by an on/off digital signal that is controlled by

the time duration the device is turned on and off. 307. A type of BUS communication used in General Motors vehicles. 308. The act of a computer when input data is run through computer programs to determine what

output is needed to be performed. 309. A computer system that uses a series of zeros and ones to represent to information. 311. Special Service Tools- Tools specified by a vehicle manufacture needed to service a vehicle

or a unit repair component of a vehicle. 312. Silicon Controller Rectifier 314. Field Effect Transistor. A type of transistor that is very sensitive and can be harmed by static

electricity. 316. One-millionth of a volt or ampere. 317. A device that creates electricity when sunlight hits a semiconductor material and electrons

are released. About one kilowatt from a solar cell that is one square meter in size. 318. A material that conducts electricity and heat. A metal that contains fewer than four electrons

in its atom's outer shell. 322. A hand tool designed to cut sheet metal. 327. Society of Automotive Engineers. 334. Electronically tuned radio. A type of radio now used in all vehicles that use electronics to

tune the frequencies instead of using a variable capacitor. 340. Digital Storage Oscilloscope. 341. Connector Position Assurance. A clip used to help hold the two parts of electrical connector

together.

Automotive Electricity and ElectronicsBy James D. Halderman

Pearson Education-Prentice Hall Automotive©2009

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AMMETER

TESTLIGHT

IEC

BRUSHENDHOUSING

R

W

A

E

N

N

J

L

R

MCA

SERIALCOMMUNICATIONINTERFACE

D

ABOVEGROUNDSTORAGETANK

E

H

A

D

S

P

H

T

LENZSLAW

D

N

FIELDPOLES

T

U

M

S

Z

R

E

ACTIVECROSSOVER

T

A

I

N

SERIESWOUNDFIELD

S

V

P

WRENCHES

D

F

T

P

H

T

OAP

U

B

D

C

V

L

A

D

U

R

I

HIGHPASSFILTER

M

AFS

C

M

O

BUMPCAP

T

O

PARTITIONS

L

T

T

I

L

C

O

K

D

I

A

N

H

H

B

L

A

LUMBAR

M

W

S

S

E

H

H

V

MESHSPRING

EXTENSIONS

S

D

R

O

DELTAWINDING

A

H

G

A

E

E

A

P

P

G

S

T

R

I

K

R

N

R

COMPOUNDCIRCUIT

A

ROSINCORESOLDER

O

EEPROM

I

U

E

U

N

E

BASE

S

K

M

I

O

G

L

O

FET

L

R

L

K

U

S

O

I

T

BRANCHES

O

Z

A

INDUCTIVEAMMETER

A

A

C

S

HEATSINK

D

LOCKTANG

H

UST

I

P

A

E

E

D

N

O

E

L

T

O

H

U

GRID

A

A

M

T

M

ACCOUPLING

W

L

S

T

G

N

M

C

C

E

N

O

B

F

A

V

T

T

M

O

E

M

M

E

E

V

C

T

E

WATT

CONDUCTOR

I

L

W

I

O

O

REVERSEBIAS

S

P

C

S

O

O

R

T

I

M

B

R

T

C

N

O

VARISTORS

R

T

A

E

U

UART

L

T

L

M

O

E

N

OHM

P

R

O

T

O

G

A

I

P

E

I

S

G

R

R

R

E

T

M

L

R

U

N

U

U

L

O

L

T

PHOTOTRANSISTOR

N

E

R

SILICON

S

I

Y

CCA

U

W

ACTUATOR

H

T

S

S

V

O

PLIERS

N

C

P

O

A

T

L

W

C

D

G

T

I

C

S

E

A

E

H

W

O

R

N

PARALLELCIRCUIT

U

L

L

I

CHISELS

E

A

R

C

P

S

M

R

E

I

L

STORAGE

I

T

SPONGELEAD

E

A

T

N

T

T

E

U

E

R

I

PWM

S

T

T

H

G

GPS

L

RVS

D

D

A

S

N

Y

J

FM

E

O

S

R

PPE

S

U

E

C

A

I

C

R

T

G

H

O

C

E

T

L

A

E

S

R

A

M

S

T

N

R

M

H

G

F

O

O

E

METRICWIREGAUGE

ANODE

MAINTENANCEFREEBATTERY

C

S

O

C

E

E

T

M

U

R

O

M

I

I

D

L

D

N

N

Y

U

R

H

MICRO

B

N

M

UNF

C

T

R

RIPPLEVOLTAGE

O

B

A

LDWS

W

R

E

V

C

I

D

I

C

N

P

P

EPA

F

N

O

R

E

IOD

A

L

H

A

THERMISTOR

U

N

S

N

CONDENSER

R

R

L

L

E

A

T

L

MSDS

D

C

O

POLARITY

D

E

R

A

A

Y

A

R

O

O

U

SHUNT

M

E

OAD

T

E

K

G

U

T

I

N

Y

S

T

SPLICEPACK

B

T

C

X

W

P

N

L

FARAD

ESD

S

B

F

SST

B

I

T

K

ELECTRICALPOTENTIAL

S

I

C

I

L

L

F

I

G

E

HOMELINK

E

C

A

H

I

R

R

I

Q

G

D

VECI

N

ARMATURE

N

CLASS2

A

S

N

M

B

L

T

N

E

N

K

E

O

U

H

I

L

AIRBAG

W

E

R

T

E

A

S

T

C

T

R

V

I

C

A

E

M

SLI

T

R

GMLAN

C

T

E

Y

SCR

A

S

O

I

P

H

CLAMPINGDIODE

T

S

GRADE

P

B

E

B

LOAD

L

O

N

P

T

G

I

C

SDARS

E

DRL

K

N

I

N

E

T

E

C

CA

B

O

C

O

O

T

E

PROCESSING

O

I

C

SVR

O

E

O

T

R

SEMICONDUCTOR

T

A

M

P

R

C

T

I

M

E

T

G

M

S

U

M

C

L

HID

W

B

S

R

I

I

T

T

E

I

O

K

H

A

A

N

H

I

M

I

A

K

I

ENGINEMAPPING

F

ROTOR

E

T

N

N

S

G

L

T

G

O

M

U

AUTOLINK

S

G

E

R

S

I

N

FIREEXTINGUISHERCLASSES

T

L

T

P

T

M

S

E

P

HEPAVACUUM

T

TTL

CEMF

W

Y

R

S

O

N

W

R

H

E

SAE

C

A

P

C

N

S

R

T

E

G

I

Y

C

V

E

I

I

T

B

D

H

T

E

I

T

K

I

SRS

PRIMARYWIRE

R

R

I

NTC

U

FUSE

R

T

A

H

A

M

O

R

L

M

I

N

T

DMM

A

WASHERS

A

S

R

A

C

L

E

N

S

R

E

L

GAUSSGAUGE

A

V

S

O

B

T

H

V

SOLARCELLS

T

O

G

M

POROUSLEAD

G

I

ELECTRICALLOAD

V

I

R

E

E

U

S

N

P

FIREBLANKET

E

R

CONTINUITY

G

R

C

E

VALENCERING

E

Y

PACIFICFUSEELEMENT

P

L

C

W

M

N

O

T

R

V

COURTESYLIGHTS

O

L

R

H

T

ALTERNATORWHINE

S

P

KEYFOB

M

R

O

M

I

S

BRUSHES

R

ION

M

E

N

N

N

E

L

RHEOSTAT

U

FIELDHOUSING

I

X

Q

MOSFET

B

T

E

UBP

C

T

D

T

EDR

T

M

N

T

M

T

D

U

L

C

O

T

O

T

SNIPS

S

S

R

C

E

O

T

T

M

SIR

E

EXTERNALTRIGGER

E

BURNIN

N

H

A

T

CELL

R

METERRESOLUTION

V

N

N

Y

F

L

R

N

F

U

I

T

R

A

S

R

R

V

E

S

C

F

P

E

D

I

I

B

E

C

MILLI

L

E

I

VTF

I

Y

U

CIRCUITBREAKERS

T

A

L

C

WHMIS

C

L

VARIABLEDELAYWIPERS

N

E

T

S

CFR

V

T

L

R

E

Y

U

DSO

E

N

RAM

H

E

O

T

M

KEYWORD

E

R

P

R

G

E

B

D

L

D

W

U

T

D

O

Y

H

CIRCUIT

USEDOIL

E

P

ELECTROCHEMISTRY

C

R

I

I

R

I

L

E

R

T

DPDT

O

T

V

G

E

I

P

O

C

O

T

I

M

G

A

P

O

P

CMOS

R

R

GVWR

P

CATHODE

R

BRAIDEDGROUNDSTRAPS

I

W

R

D

E

H

T

E

M

M

E

R

R

PHOTONS

O

L

R

N

CAN

A

K

M

P

T

L

O

G

N

T

ETR

B

E

N

A

STUD

M

DYNAMICVOLTAGE

T

T

T

E

I

P

H

Y

E

N

E

T

S

T

D

E

O

D

M

E

E

U

BIPOLARTRANSISTOR

R

S

C

R

E

N

T

R

T

N

HUD

D

R

C

T

R

P

H

E

CPA

I

N

COMPRESSIONSPRING

I

E

I

C

E

ECU

GMM

A

L

O

C

T

N

R

A

V

N

R

SERIESCIRCUITLAWS

G

G

PTYPEMATERIAL

B

S

S

V

E

S

A

L

R

O

R

R

SUBWOOFER

B

C

E

O

W

H

O

P

TROXLEREFFECT

U

T

W

E

C

E

EYEWASHSTATION

N

E

T

S

L

I

O

L

A

O

L

O

O

C

U

F

L

M

WINDOWREGULATOR

R

H

T

T

R

ALTERNATOR

R

K

A

R

W

T

I

F

S

S

P

R

O

O

SOCKET

T

S

BACKLIGHT

D

R

T

I

P

PINCHWELDSEAM

S

ECA

HYBRIDFLASHER

H

E

I

E

L

E

I

I

C

E

N

G

T

T

Y

S

RESIDUALMAGNETISM

O

D

S

C

CALIBRATIONCODES

R

M

O

T

S

E

P

P

C

E

K

O

O

M

SCREWJACKASSEMBLY

R

BACKUPCAMERA

SLIPRINGEND

E

THROWS

U

STATEOFHEALTH

F

T

A

U

T

R

BINARYSYSTEM

M

CLAWPOLES

PITCH

Y

STANDARDCORPORATEPROTOCOL