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ABR202Audio Broadcast Receiver
Installation and Operation Guide
6340 Sequence DriveSan Diego, California 92121
619-458-1800 or 888-858-290801-0783-401 Rev. F 04/00
ii Notice
NoticeThis publication and its contents are proprietary to Radyne ComStream Inc. (ComStream) and areintended solely for the contractual use of its customers for no other purpose than to install andoperate the equipment described herein. This publication and its contents shall not be used ordistributed for any other purpose and/or otherwise communicated, disclosed, or reproduced in anyway whatsoever, without the prior written consent of ComStream.
For the proper installation and operation of this equipment and/or all parts thereof, the instructions inthis guide must be strictly and explicitly followed by experienced personnel. All of the contents ofthis guide must be fully read and understood prior to installing or operating any of the equipment orparts thereof.
FAILURE TO COMPLETELY READ AND FULLY UNDERSTAND AND FOLLOW ALLOF THE CONTENTS OF THIS GUIDE PRIOR TO INSTALLING AND/OR OPERATINGTHIS EQUIPMENT, OR PARTS THEREOF, MAY RESULT IN DAMAGE TO THEEQUIPMENT, OR PARTS THEREOF, AND TO ANY PERSONS INSTALLING AND/OROPERATING THE SAME.
ComStream does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products,component parts, circuits, software, or firmware described herein. ComStream further does notconvey any license under its patent, trademark, copyright, or common-law rights nor the similarrights of others. ComStream further reserves the right to make any changes in any products, or partsthereof, described herein without notice.
© Copyright 1994-2000 Radyne ComStream Inc.
Warning! Shock Hazard!
Do Not Open The Equipment! Service Only By ComStream!
Gefährliche Spannung!
Öffnen des Gerätes und Service nur durch ComStream!
The ABR202 Audio Broadcast Receiver contains no user-serviceable parts. Do not attempt toservice this product yourself. Any attempt to do so will negate any and all warranties.
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Contents
Preface Using this Guide...............................................................................................
Conventions Usedin this Guide .....................................................................................................
Locating Information ..................................................................................
Important Information ................................................................................
Illustrations .................................................................................................
Keyboard Entries .......................................................................................
Warranty Statement.........................................................................................
Return Procedure.............................................................................................
Revision History...............................................................................................
Customer Support............................................................................................
Safety Precautions ...........................................................................................
Chapter 1 OverviewIntroduction ......................................................................................................
Satellite Digital Audio Distribution Network Overview..................................1-2
ABR202 Overview...........................................................................................1
ABR202 Features ............................................................................................
Chapter 2 Functional Description and Theory of OperationFunctional Description .....................................................................................
Outdoor Components.................................................................................
Feed Assembly and LNB Downconverter.................................................2
Interfacility Link (IFL) Cable....................................................................2-
ABR202 Satellite Receiver........................................................................2
Front Panel Indicators................................................................................
Theory of Operation.........................................................................................
Transmission Channel Signal Format........................................................
Proper Signal Discrimination of Narrow Band RF Signals.......................2
Low Noise Block (LNB) Downconverter..................................................2-
Receiver ...................................................................................................2
ABR202 Carrier Acquisition..........................................................................2-
Installation Mode Acquisition .................................................................2-1
Fade Acquisition......................................................................................2
Contents iii
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Chapter 3 Quick InstallationOverview .........................................................................................................
Installing an ABR202 in an Existing ABR200 Network ................................ 3-
Quick Installation Procedure ...........................................................................
Chapter 4 Full Installation and StartupOverview .........................................................................................................
Installation Overview ...................................................................................... 4
Planning the Site..............................................................................................
Installing and Aligning the Antenna ............................................................... 4
Installing the IFL Cable................................................................................... 4
Installing the ABR202..................................................................................... 4
Rack-Mount .............................................................................................. 4
Desktop .....................................................................................................
External Connections ......................................................................................
Audio Out ................................................................................................. 4
AUX (Auxiliary)....................................................................................... 4-
Status Relay ..............................................................................................
AGC Monitor Voltage .............................................................................. 4
RS-422 Composite Data Output ...............................................................
RS-422 Digital Audio Input...................................................................... 4
AES/EBU Digital Audio Output............................................................... 4-
Relay/Control............................................................................................ 4
User Data ..................................................................................................
Printer Data ...............................................................................................
M&C ......................................................................................................... 4
RF In ....................................................................................................... 4
Power Connector..................................................................................... 4
Starting Up the System.................................................................................. 4
Validating Installation............................................................................. 4-
Startup Problems ........................................................................................... 4
The receiver will not lock onto the satellite signal ................................. 4-14
No audio is received from the Audio Out port ....................................... 4-1
Using the DAC400 and ABR202 in Baseband Mode ................................... 4-
iv Contents
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Chapter 5 Remote Monitor and Control OperationOverview ..........................................................................................................
Command Syntax ............................................................................................
Password Protection ........................................................................................
Command Error Codes....................................................................................
Command Groups ...........................................................................................
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order ..............................................5-
Chapter 6 Maintenance and TroubleshootingMaintenance ....................................................................................................
Performance Monitoring ..................................................................................
Eb/No Minimum Receive Level (EM) ......................................................6-
Number of RF Signal Fades (NF)..............................................................
Audio Sync Loss Count (SL).....................................................................6
Fault Condition Descriptions ...........................................................................
Troubleshooting ...............................................................................................
Before Troubleshooting .............................................................................6
Symptoms and Actions..............................................................................
Chapter 7 Technical Specifications and Port InformationLNB Downconverter (Outdoor Unit - ODU)...................................................7-
L-band Demodulator (Indoor Unit - IDU) .......................................................7
Audio Performance ..........................................................................................
Available Audio Rates and Bandwidths...........................................................
Mechanical (IDU) ............................................................................................7
Regulatory Compliance....................................................................................
Control Channel Interface Capabilities............................................................
Monitor and Control Capabilities.....................................................................7
Rear Panel Ports .............................................................................................
Appendix A Interface PinoutsPrinter Data Port..............................................................................................
Relay Control Port...........................................................................................A
M&C Port........................................................................................................A
M&C Port Adapter Cable (DB-9-to-DB-25) ..................................................A-
Analog Output Port .........................................................................................A
User Data Port .................................................................................................
Auxiliary Port..................................................................................................A
AES/EBU Port.................................................................................................A
Contents v
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Appendix B Telephone Modem OperationOverview .........................................................................................................
Modem Configuration .....................................................................................B
Modem Connection .........................................................................................
Appendix C Interfacility Link Cable Characteristics and PreparationCable Characteristics.......................................................................................
General Characteristics .............................................................................
Outer Cable Jacket ....................................................................................
Cable Specifications and Vendors...................................................................
IFL Cable Preparation .....................................................................................
Appendix D Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 NetworksOverview .........................................................................................................D
Preparation of the Network Equipment...........................................................D
ANMS Software Version ................................................................................D
DAC400 or DAC700 CRC Setting .................................................................D
DAC400....................................................................................................D
DAC700....................................................................................................D
ABR202 Backwards Compatibility.................................................................D
Connectors ................................................................................................
Chassis Design..........................................................................................
Front Panel LEDs......................................................................................D
Dynamic Range.........................................................................................D
Reduced Power Consumption...................................................................
Separate ANMS software downloading for ABR200 and ABR202.........D-
Appendix E Troubleshooting FlowchartOverview .........................................................................................................
vi Contents
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Figures
Figure 1-1 Satellite Digital Audio Distribution Network.................................1-Figure 1-2 Typical ABR202 Installation..........................................................1
Figure 2-1 Receive-Only Antenna Assembly ..................................................2Figure 2-2 The ABR202...................................................................................Figure 2-3 ABR202 Front Panel Indicators .....................................................2Figure 2-4 ABR202 Channel Format ...............................................................Figure 2-5 Multichannel Single Transponder System......................................Figure 2-6 LNB Downconverter PLL Block Diagram.....................................2-Figure 2-7 ABR202 Functional Block Diagram ............................................2-1Figure 2-8 Cue Signaling System Diagram....................................................2Figure 2-9 Switch Panel .................................................................................2Figure 2-10 Installation Acquisition Mode ....................................................2-1Figure 2-11 Fade Acquisition Mode ..............................................................2-
Figure 4-1 ABR202 Rear Panel Connectors ....................................................Figure 4-2 Relay K1 and J2 ABR Connector...................................................Figure 4-3 Signal Strength versus AGC Voltage.............................................
Figure C-1 Coax Cable and F Connector Assembly (to scale) .......................
Figures vii
viii Figures
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5-25-35-45-4.5-4.5-55-55-5.5-6.5-6.5-6-7-7-11-12131415-15-17
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Tables
Table 2-1 Available Prodelin Antenna Sizes ...................................................Table 2-2 Signal Level Defaults.......................................................................Table 2-3 Channel Identifier & Frequency Allocation Combinations.............2-Table 2-4 Carrier B and E Channel Identifier and Frequency Allocation .......2
Table 4-1 IFL Cable Loss vs. Data Rate ..........................................................Table 4-2 Certifying Agencies by Country ....................................................4-Table 4-3 Cable for Direct Connection Between DAC400 and ABR202......4-1
Table 5-1 Error Codes/Descriptions.................................................................Table 5-2 L-band Demodulator Commands ....................................................Table 5-3 Channel Control Commands............................................................Table 5-4 Audio Port Commands.....................................................................Table 5-5 Data Port Commands......................................................................Table 5-6 Relay Port Commands ....................................................................Table 5-7 M&C Port Commands .....................................................................Table 5-8 Alarm/Status Commands .................................................................Table 5-9 Front Panel Commands...................................................................Table 5-10 Printer Port Commands.................................................................Table 5-11 Miscellaneous Commands ............................................................Table 5-12 Terrestrial Backlink Commands ....................................................5Table 5-13 Alphabetical Command Listing ....................................................5Table 5-14 CS4922 Programming Inputs (PRO mode) ................................5Table 5-15 CS4922 Programming States ......................................................5Table 5-14 Acquisition Type, Action, Status.................................................5-Table 5-15 Muted Conditions for Audio........................................................5-Table 5-16 Audio Built-In Self-Tests.............................................................5-Table 5-17 Audio Test Performance Specifications ......................................5Table 5-18 Parameter Descriptions ................................................................5Table 5-19 Example Relay Mapping .............................................................5Table 5-20 Valid String Characters and Descriptions....................................5Table 5-21 Authorization Bit Map .................................................................5-Table 5-22 UA Value and Active Ports .........................................................5-Table 5-23 Fault Summary.............................................................................5
Tables ix
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Table 5-24 Valid Values for the LR Command ............................................ 5-Table 5-25 Valid Values for the MU Command........................................... 5-Table 5-26 Valid Parameter Values for the P1 Command............................ 5Table 5-27 Valid Parameter Values for the P2 Command............................ 5Table 5-28 Valid Parameter Values for the P3 Command............................ 5Table 5-29 TTL Input Mapping ................................................................... 5-Table 5-30 Signal Strength and Sync LED Indication .................................. 5-Table 5-31 Condition and Status Relay Contacts.......................................... 5Table 5-32 Volume Control .......................................................................... 5-
Table 6-1 Troubleshooting Symptoms and Actions ....................................... 6
Table 7-1 Available Audio Rates and Bandwidths ......................................... 7
Table A-1 DB-25 Female, Connector .............................................................ATable A-2 DB-25 Male Connector .................................................................ATable A-3 DB-9 Female, RS-232/RS-485 Connector.....................................ATable A-4 M&C Port Adapter Cable ..............................................................ATable A-5 DB-9 Male Connector....................................................................ATable A-6 DB-9 Female Connector ................................................................ATable A-7 DB-15 Female Connector .............................................................ATable A-8 DB-15 Female Connector ..............................................................A
Table B-1 Hayes-Compatible Modem Configuration.....................................BTable B-2 Modem Adapter Cable ...................................................................B
Table C-1 Recommended Vendors, Quad-Shielded RG-11 Coax..................Table C-2 Recommended Vendors, F Connectors and Crimp Tool ...............CTable C-3 Signal Loss per 100 Foot Length for Common Cable Types.........C
Table D-1 Monitor and Control Port Pinouts..................................................DTable D-2 User Data Port Pinouts...................................................................Table D-3 Printer Port Pinouts ........................................................................DTable D-4 Auxiliary Port Pinouts....................................................................DTable D-5 AES-EBU Port Pinouts ..................................................................DTable D-6 Front Panel LEDs...........................................................................D
x Tables
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Preface
Using this Guide Welcome to the ComStream world of satellite-based communication systemsnetworks. This guide is your sourcebook for using the ComStream ABR202. describes the installation, operation, and performance specifications of this product.
The chapters in this guide provide step-by-step instructions for a variety of taand activities, including unpacking, setting up, mounting, and operating the ABR202. The chapters also provide an overview of system operations, as wetechnical specifications and troubleshooting procedures.
Conventions Usedin this Guide
This guide is designed to help you find and use information quickly and easilytake full advantage of this design, please take a moment to review the specifformats.
Locating Information
There are several tools located in this guide to help you quickly locate information. The table of contents, located at the beginning, provides you witoutline of the chapters and major topics contained within them.
Important Information
Throughout this guide you will find three icons designed to help you identify important information. These symbols are:
The note icon identifies information for the proper operation of your equipmeincluding helpful hints, shortcuts, or important reminders.
The caution icon identifies information that requires careful attention in orderprevent equipment damage and/or injury to the operator.
The troubleshooting icon identifies information that will assist you in solving malfunctions in your equipment.
Using this Guide Preface xi
on
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Illustrations
Some illustrations contained in this guide may differ slightly from those shownyour front panel display or computer console due to variations in your systemsetup, configuration, or customization.
Keyboard Entries
Each activity or task is presented in a series of numbered, step-by-step instructions. Commands or information that you type into the system—followby a key press—appear in a different, bold type:
BEN 1
Keys that are pressed in combination appear with a plus sign (+). For examphold down the Alt key and press the letter D key for the following.
Alt+D
xii Conventions Used in this Guide Preface
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Warranty Statement ComStream warrants that its products are free from defects in material and workmanship at the time of shipment and that they conform to applicable specifications. In no event will ComStream be liable for consequential misusedamages.
The ComStream ABR202 is warranted against any above-mentioned defectsappear within one year of shipping date.
Should it be necessary to make a claim against this warranty, the buyer shallnotify ComStream’s Customer Service Department to define the nature of theproblem. When returning products, please be aware of the following:
1. Products returned to ComStream, whether for upgrade, warranted or outwarranty repair work, or maintenance, must comply with the ComStreamReturn Procedure.
2. Products shall be forwarded to ComStream, transportation prepaid.
3. Products returned to ComStream freight collect or without an RMA numbwill not be accepted.
4. ComStream shall not accept any responsibility for returned products thatimproperly packaged and/or damaged in shipment. If possible, please usoriginal shipping and packaging materials.
5. Original product identification markings and labels must not have been removed, defaced, or altered. Further, to preserve the warranty, the produshould not be subjected to abuse, improper installation or application, alteration, accident, or negligence in use, storage, transportation, or hand
6. Any returned product shall be completely evaluated in an attempt to duplithe problem so that appropriate corrective action and repair may be completed. Following repair, the product shall be thoroughly tested for compliance with appropriate specifications. This process will be handled iexpedient and prompt manner but may be subject to available labor and material resources.
The ComStream warranty, as stated herein, is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed, implied, or statutory.
For further information, please contact ComStream Customer Service at (858) 657-5454 or toll free at 888-559-0831.
Warranty Statement Preface xiii
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Return Procedure If it is necessary to return a product for out-of-warranty repair, upgrade, or anmodification, the following procedures must be followed:
1. Contact ComStream Customer Service, located in the United States, viaphone or fax:
❒ Phone 858-657-5454, or toll free at 888-559-0831
❐ Fax 858-657-5455
2. Speak to a ComStream customer service representative about any questissues, or problems. Quite often equipment problems can be corrected othe phone, which keeps your equipment in service and avoids unnecessarcostly downtime.
3. Should it be necessary to return a product to ComStream for any reasonComStream Customer Service representative will issue you a return matauthorization (RMA) number. To issue an RMA number, the ComStream representative will need the product’s serial number and model number.
4. You may be returning a product for either repair, upgrade, or modificationyou are returning the product for:
❒ Repair, please include a complete description of the problem, the operating conditions which caused the problem, and any circumstancthat may have led to the problem. This information is essential for ComStream repair technicians to reproduce, diagnose, and correct thproblem.
❐ Upgrade or modification, please include a complete description of thecurrent configuration and the desired change(s). This information will allow a ComStream Customer Service representative to provide a forquote for the upgrade.
5. Include a purchase order for any upgrade or out-of-warranty repair work being performed. ComStream will begin repair work after a PO is received.
6. Reference the RMA number on all paperwork that accompanies the equipment and write the RMA number clearly on the outside of the shippcontainer.
7. Ship your module in the original shipping carton and packaging (or its equivalent), prepaid, to the following address:
Radyne ComStream, Inc.6340 Sequence DriveSan Diego, CA 92121 USA
RMA Number
Do not include product accessories such as I&O guides or rack-mount brack
When handling or shipping static-sensitive equipment, observe antistatic procedures and always use antistatic bags for shipment. Upon request, ComStream will provide ESD bags for your use.
xiv Return Procedure Preface
t will
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Please s, by
All equipment upgrade and repair requests will be completely evaluated and the required work performed in an expedient and prompt manner. The equipmenthen be thoroughly tested for compliance with appropriate specifications.
Revision History This guide is periodically updated and revised. For documentation updates, call ComStream Customer Service, located in the United States, at 858-657-545free 888-559-0831, or fax your request to 858-657-5455.
Customer Support We hope this guide provides all of the information and instructions you need operate the ABR202 Digital Audio Receiver.
However, in the event that you need further assistance, or if problems are encountered, ComStream has set up a Customer Support Line for your use. feel free to contact ComStream Customer Support, located in the United Statephone or fax at the following numbers:
■ Phone: 858-657-5454, toll free 888-559-0831Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Pacific time
■ Fax: 858-657-5455
Revision1 Date Type of Revision
A 07/98 Initial release
B 09/98 Release to production
C 09/98 Revision to Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks
D 10/98 Highlight installation procedures for ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks
E 06/99 Revisions per new ANMS version and new ABR202 firmware version; format update
F 04/00 Component and software change; update troubleshooting procedure for ODU
1Revision A is always the first official release to ComStream customers.
Revision History Preface xv
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Safety Precautions Carefully read and follow all safety, use, and operating instructions before operating ABR202. Heed all warnings and cautions contained in this guide. Retain these instrucfor future reference.
Follow Startup ProcedureDo not plug in the ABR202 until you have connected the system and read the chaptesystem installation and startup.
Provide A Safe LocationPlace the ABR202 on a stable surface of sufficient size and strength, where it will nojarred, hit, or pushed off its surface. Ensure that all cables and cords are out of the wawill not be tripped over, as this could cause personal injury or serious damage to the ABR202.
Avoid Water and MoistureDo not expose the ABR202 to any liquids, which are often found in flower vases, cofcups, rain from open windows, etc. If the ABR202 is exposed to any liquid, contact ComStream, as serious damage could occur to the ABR202 or its components.
Avoid Heat, Humidity, and DustTo avoid internal damage, the ABR202 should be placed away from all heat sourcesincluding radiators, heater ducts, etc., out of direct sunlight, and away from high humexcessive dust, or mechanical vibrations that can cause damage to internal parts.
Provide Adequate VentilationSlots and openings on the ABR202 are provided for ventilation that is needed to ensreliable operation. To avoid overheating, ensure that the ventilation slots are not blocInstall the ABR200 in locations having at least 3 inches of side clearance and 1 inch ofclearance above and below the unit in order to provide adequate air circulation.
Never place the ABR202 on a soft surface that would obstruct the required airflow intABR202 ventilation slots.
Use the Correct Power SourceFor ABR202 units equipped with a North American power cord, the cord has an IECfemale plug on one end, and an NEMA 5-15P male plug on the other end. This cord and CSA approved up to 125 VAC at 10 A and is ready to use with no user wiring required.
For ABR202 units equipped with an International power cord, the cord has an IEC 32female plug on one end, and three stripped and tinned bare wires on the other end. cord is HAR approved up to 250 VAC at 6 A and complies with the international colorcodes of green/yellow (ground), blue (neutral), and brown (line).
If these color codes do not correspond to the colored markings on the terminals in thplug, use the following standards:
• The green/yellow wire must be connected to the plug terminal marked by the lett
or by the earth symbol or color-coded green and yellow.
• The blue wire must be connected to the plug terminal marked with the letter N ocolor-coded black.
• The brown wire must be connected to the plug terminal marked with the letter L color-coded red.
xvi Safety Precautions Preface
n
cords e they ainst
y be on
An AC plug must be attached to the international power cord in accordance with government standards and codes in effect at the ABR202 installation site. If an unterminated power cord is supplied with the unit, the appropriate certified terminatioplug must be installed. The following is a list of the required certifying agencies for various countries:
Route Power Cords SafelyRoute power cords so they are not walked on or pinched. Pay particular attention to and connections at the plugs, receptacles (such as power strips), and the point wherexit from the ABR202 and attach to other equipment. Do not place any items on or agpower cords.
No StackingDo not place or closely stack any objects on top of the ABR202. Other equipment maplaced in a rack or on a shelf above or below the ABR202, but never stacked directlytop of the receiver itself.
Country Agency
Australia SSA
Austria OVE
Belgium CEBEC
Canada CSA
Denmark DEMKI
Finland FEI
France UTE
Germany VDE
India ISI
Ireland IIRS
Italy IMQ
Japan MITI
Netherlands KEMA
New Zealand SECVSECQSECWAEANSWETSAHECTSANZ
Norway NEMKO
Republic of So. Africa SABS
Spain AEE
Sweden SEMKO
Switzerland SEV
United Kingdom ASTABSI
Safety Precautions Preface xvii
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Protect Against Lightning and Power SurgesWhen the satellite communication equipment is installed, have the professional instaground the system and install lightning and surge arrestors to protect against voltagesurges and built-up static charges.
Protect the ABR202 from lightning and powerline surges during a storm by unplugginfrom the wall outlet and disconnecting the coaxial cable.
Turn Receiver Off When Changing Circuit BoardsTurn receiver off before installing or removing any circuit boards from chassis slots. Possible damage may occur to receiver, boards, or related equipment if power is leftduring this procedure.
Provide Antistatic ProtectionWear a properly grounded antistatic wrist strap to prevent electrostatic damage to components when handling circuit boards or other electronic modules.
Keep Objects OutsideTouching internal ABR202 parts is dangerous to both you and the unit. Never put anobject, including your fingers, through ABR202 slots or openings as this could resulttouching dangerous voltage points, short-circuiting parts, electric shock, or fire.
There are no user-serviceable parts inside the ABR202. If an object falls into the ABRunplug the unit and contact ComStream Customer Service, as serious damage couldto the ABR202 or its components.
Use Approved Attachments OnlyUse only ComStream-approved option cards and other satellite communications equipment with the ABR202.
Clean the ABR202Before cleaning the ABR202, unplug it from the wall outlet. Do not use water or any tyof abrasive pads, scouring powders, liquid cleaners, aerosol cleaners, or solvents sualcohol or benzene.
Use only a clean, soft cloth lightly moistened with a mild detergent solution. Wipe all equipment with a clean, soft cloth lightly moistened with water to remove the detergesolution.
Service the ABR202Do not attempt to service the ABR202 yourself, as there are no user-serviceable parOpening or removing covers may expose you to dangerous voltages or other hazardwell as void your warranty. Contact ComStream Customer Service to obtain qualifiedservice personnel.
The following conditions indicate that the ABR202 needs servicing:
• The power cord or plug has been damaged.
• An object has fallen into the receiver.
• Liquid has been spilled into the ABR202 or it has been exposed to rain or water.
• The unit has been dropped or the cover has been damaged.
• The ABR202 does not operate normally or shows a marked change in performan
Perform Safety ChecksUpon completion of any service or repairs to the ABR202 or its option cards, ask theservice technician to perform safety checks to verify that the system is in safe operacondition.
xviii Safety Precautions Preface
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1Overview
Introduction Satellites have proven to be a reliable method of communication for distributioCD-quality digital audio. The Integrated Digital Audio Distribution Network, ofwhich the ABR202 is a key component, is a recognized worldwide standard fdigital audio distribution.
The ABR202 is the next generation receiver product, featuring functional backward compatibility to the industry-leading ABR200.
The unique capabilities of the Radyne ComStream digital audio system allownetwork to start out small (offering a single monaural or stereo channel) and gto a larger multichannel system without replacement of receiver hardware. Faeasy selection of audio channels can be made either at the receiver or at theuplink.
The combination of Radyne ComStream transmission technology and the latdigital audio compression technology (ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIA) achieves significant satellite savings (35-65%) when compared to alternative distributionetworks. The Radyne ComStream digital audio distribution system also provasynchronous data distribution and relay contact closures for control of exterstation equipment.
This chapter provides an overview of a typical satellite digital audio distributionetwork, as well as an overview of the ABR202 audio broadcast receiver.
Introduction Overview 1-1
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Satellite Digital AudioDistribution Network
Overview
A satellite broadcast network consists of three major subsystems, as shown Figure 1-1:
■ A satellite transmission uplink station
■ The satellite link
■ One or more remote satellite receivers
Figure 1-1 Satellite Digital Audio Distribution Network
The hub or satellite transmission uplink station is the facility where the audio ttransmitted is collected and uplinked to the satellite. This facility consists of an audio encoder/multiplexer, a digital modem, an earth station, an antenna, annetwork control computer. As an option, a terrestrial link can provide dial-up diagnostics and performance monitoring of receiver sites.
The satellite link consists of a commercial telecommunications satellite in geosynchronous orbit above the earth. Two radio frequency bands that are primarily used are C-band and Ku-band.
The third major subsystem, the remote satellite receiver, includes three majocomponents:
■ A satellite antenna subsystem
■ An interfacility link cable
■ A satellite audio receiver such as the ABR202
NetworkControl
Channel
2 Audio OutAsync Data
Receive-OnlyAntenna
IF RF
Audio NetworkManagement
System
ABR202 AudioBroadcast Receiver(s)
ABR202 AudioBroadcast Receiver
Audio Uplink Multiple Receive Sites
OptionalPhone Modem
OptionalPhone Modem
Dial-up phone line for alarms and monitoring
8 Relay Contacts
Channel Control/External Alarms
Audio, Data,Relay
Audio, Data,Relay
Receive-OnlyAntenna
ANMS
ABR202
DAC700 #N
DAC700 #1
DAC700 Spare
CX801 Switch
AX801 Switch
CM701 Spare
CM701 #1
CM701 #N
AudioSource(s)
DataInput(s)
RelayControlSignals
L R
MultipleCarriers
G738-04
Receivers can share anantenna for simultaneous,multichannel receptionusing external RF splitter
*
1-2 Satellite Digital Audio Distribution Network Overview Overview
ter to L-
e cost
ts the n.
ch as peed
e
The satellite antenna and its associated Low Noise Block (LNB) downconvercollect and convert the signal from the satellite's native C- or Ku-band signal band.
A phase lock loop (PLL) type LNB must be used for all satellite links using thQPSK modulation. Satellite links using BPSK modulation may use the lower dielectric resonance oscillator (DRO) type LNB.
The L-Band signal is then sent through the interfacility link (IFL) cable to the satellite receiver. The ABR202 audio receiver processes this signal and outpuaudio, data, and control to the user-supplied station equipment for distributio
ABR202 Overview The ABR202 is a multiple transmission rate digital audio receiver. Figure 1-2 details an ABR202 installed in a typical application, such as a radio station environment.
Figure 1-2 Typical ABR202 Installation
The analog output audio from the ABR202 is used to feed both the on-air studioconsole as well as taping equipment for off-hours distribution of programmedmaterial. The relay contact closures are used to control station equipment sucart machines and tape recorders. The data port can be connected to a low sdot matrix printer or a personal computer for station traffic, air logs, etc. The alarm relay closure is used to activate an alternate program source should thsatellite channel become inoperative.
Printer:Program logs,play schedules,administrative traffic
PC: Broadcast to all receivers
ProgramStorage:Record on-cue fromuplink
AlternateProgramSource:On alarm
CartMachine
ExternalAlarms
Outdoors
8
RS-232AES/EBU
RS-232
Uplink Relay Closures
Audio
Audio
L-band
(optional)
2
TelcoModem
AudioConsole
AudioProcessor
RDATor Audio
Workstation
Trans-mitter
ComStreamABR202
AudioAlarm Relay
Data
Status
Digital Out
Dist. Amplifieror Splitter
Balanced Audio
G743-04
ABR202 Overview Overview 1-3
dio
t
t
are
to ork
ABR202 Features The ABR202:
■ Provides full 20 kHz, CD-quality audio at 128, 192, 256, or 384 kbps
■ Accommodates both Ku- or C-band in BPSK or QPSK mode
■ Uses ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIA audio compression, which is the most testedand documented audio compression algorithm in the world
■ Uses Quick Channel Access, which provides fast, nearly transparent, auchannel changes for receiving multiple channels
■ Provides a relay (cue) control port with eight contact closures, each independently controllable from the uplink facility
■ Provides seven transistor transistor logic (TTL) inputs for local channel changes and auxiliary equipment monitoring
■ Is addressable to provide complete control of receiver configuration and operation from the uplink facility
■ Allows audio channel changes either locally or from the uplink facility
■ Is equipped with a low speed (300 to 9600 baud), asynchronous data por
■ Provides remote control capability with access via an external wireline modem (optional equipment)
■ Provides built-in audio, relay control, and data port diagnostics
■ Has a built-in performance monitoring capability that measures the lowesreceived Eb/No and counts RF and audio sync losses
■ Is equipped with software that can be upgraded over the satellite link via down-line loading
■ Has a nonvolatile memory so that configuration and operating parametersnot lost in the event of a power outage
The remaining portion of this manual describes in detail the steps necessaryinstall, configure, and operate the ABR202 digital audio receiver within a netwenvironment.
1-4 ABR202 Features Overview
asic f the
rom
l
ital
and an
tronic
2Functional Description and Theory of Operation
This chapter provides functional descriptions and operational theory for the bcomponents of the ABR202 receiver system. The ABR202 system consists ofollowing:
■ An outdoor receive-only antenna and feed-optional antenna sizes range f.75 to 2.4 meters
■ A low noise block (LNB) downconverter assembly that performs the initiasignal downconversion (optional frequencies)
■ A user-supplied interfacility link (IFL) cable connecting the LNB downconverter on the antenna to the ABR202
■ An ABR202 receiver providing an L-band demodulator and a separate digaudio decoder on a plug-in option card
Functional Description Outdoor Components
The outdoor components consist of an antenna assembly, a feed assembly, LNB downconverter.
Antenna Assembly
The antenna assembly consists of the satellite reflector, mast, feed horn, and LNBdownconverter. The antenna assembly collects and concentrates RF transmissionsthat are produced by a communication satellite and converts them to an elecsignal. A typical antenna assembly is shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1 Receive-Only Antenna Assembly
LNB/Feed Horn
Reflector Dish
Azimuth/Elevation Positioner
Mounting MastIFL Cable
Feed HornSupport Rods
F401-03
Functional Description Functional Description and Theory of Operation 2-1
s
IFL
ze
the ed to
The optional antenna supplied with the ABR202 system is an elliptical offset feed-type suited for receive-only applications. The appropriate antenna size idetermined by the location and transmitted satellite power (EIRP) for each installation. Available antenna sizes are shown in Table 2-1.
The antenna subsystem receives DC power from the ABR202 receiver via thecable, so an additional power source is not required at the antenna site.
The reflector is mounted on a continuously adjustable azimuth/elevation positioner that supports precision aiming to the satellite of choice. For propersignal reception, the antenna must have an unobstructed view of the satellite location in the sky. Prior to operation, the antenna must be aligned to maximithe receive signal reception from the satellite used.
Feed Assembly and LNB Downconverter
The radio frequency signals gathered by the satellite antenna are focused onfeed horn, which collects the signal. The output of the feed horn is then directthe LNB downconverter, which provides the initial amplification of the Ku or C-Band downlink signal and converts the Ku or C-band signals to L-band. The output of the LNB downconverter is routed to the IFL cable through an F connector.
Table 2-1 Available Prodelin Antenna Sizes
C-Band Ku-Band
1.2 m linear or cicular .60 m AZ/EL mount.60 m wall mount
1.8 m linear or cicular .76 m AZ/EL mount.76 m wall mount
2.4 m linear or cicular .90 m AZ/EL mount
3.0 m linear or cicular 1.0 m AZ/EL mount
3.4 m linear or cicular 1.2 m AZ/EL mount
3.7 m linear or cicular(also polar mount)
1.8 m AZ/EL mount1
2.4 m AZ/EL mount1
3.0 m AZ/EL mount1
3.4 m AZ/EL mount1
3.7 m AZ/EL mount1
1 Available in both single and dual feed
2-2 Functional Description Functional Description and Theory of Operation
cable
on e IFL
le . FL
io, s the g
esign
box a lly
Interfacility Link (IFL) Cable
The IFL cable connects the antenna assembly to the ABR202 receiver. This carries L-band signals to the ABR202 and supplies DC power to the LNB downconverter.
The outdoor end of the cable is attached to the LNB downconverter mountedthe antenna. The indoor end connects to the ABR202 RF Input connector. Thcable uses F connectors on both ends.
The IFL cable is an important component of the receiver system. Proper cabselection and installation is imperative to obtain optimal system performanceAppendix C: IFL Cable Characteristics provides detailed information on the Icable, vendor sources, and connector installation.
ABR202 Satellite Receiver
The ABR202 is a multiple transmission rate digital audio receiver. Analog auddata, and control commands are output from the ABR202. The receiver feedaudio, data, and commands to the on-air studio console, as well as the tapinequipment for off-hours distribution of programmed material.
The ABR202 receiver chassis, shown in Figure 2-2, is a standard desk-top dwith removable 19" rack mount brackets. The ABR202 chassis is designed tomeet worldwide electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), safety, and power requirements. Its two-piece construction is optimized so that every joint in theoverlaps, to ensure maximum shielding effectiveness. The ABR202 containsuniversal autosensing power supply, allowing the unit to accommodate virtuaany standard AC power source.
Figure 2-2 The ABR202
G741-04
Functional Description Functional Description and Theory of Operation 2-3
s
and is
tion
, as ator ar e s
fer the
ignal CD-ly
l to has t s, as
Front Panel Indicators
The front panel of the ABR202, shown in Figure 2-3, has three LED indicatorlocated on the right side of the panel.
Figure 2-3 ABR202 Front Panel Indicators
The Power indicator is a bi-color LED which indicates the unit is powered on changes color based on the presence of any operating fault. If the Power LEDgreen, the unit is powered on and no operating faults exist. A red Power LEDindicates that one or more fault conditions exist that may impede signal recepor affect reliable reception. The conditions under which the indicator illuminates is programmable by the operator using the status relay mask (SR) commanddescribed in the chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation. This indicmaps to the state of the status relay closure contact that is available at the repanel. This closure contact always mirrors the front panel fault LED. Once thfault condition has cleared, the indicator automatically turns off and the staturelay returns to its normal state as defined by the user.
If the Power LED is off, then the power supply is not functioning properly. Reto the Troubleshooting section to determine whether the AC power source orinternal power supply is faulty.
The green Enable LED indicates the receiver has acquired the incoming RF sand the digital audio decoder has synchronized to the uplink audio encoder. quality audio is then available for output from the receiver if the unit is properauthorized for audio reception.
The Sync indicator is a green LED that reflects the current received RF signanoise ratio (defined as Eb/No) relative to user-specified criteria. The indicatorthree operational states: on, blinking, and off. The signal level thresholds thadetermine these three states are user-specified via the Q0 and Q1 commanddescribed in the chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation.
G739-04
POWER SYNC ENABLE
2-4 Functional Description Functional Description and Theory of Operation
ver.
nto oor
by
ble.
og
3.5 -
bling
Table 2-2 displays the factory default values.
Theory of Operation The ABR202 is a multiple transmission rate, QPSK/BPSK, digital audio receiThe ABR202 is comprised of two elements, an outdoor unit and an indoor unit. The outdoor unit consists of an LNB downconverter that is mounted directly othe antenna. The L-band output signal is transmitted via coax cable to the indelectronics. Up to 400 feet of separation is possible before line amplifiers or switching to RG-35 cable is required. Standardizing on an LNB configurationpermits both Ku- and C-band satellite operation with a single indoor receiver selecting the appropriate LNB downconverter frequency range. The LNB downconverter can receive DC power from the receiver via the single coax caShould the coax connection become interrupted for any reason, an ODU alarm condition occurs.
The indoor unit consists of a compact, fully integrated, digital receiver. Internallythe unit is composed of two circuit cards:
1. An L-band demodulator card including:
❒ An RS-232 asynchronous data port
❒ An RS-232 or RS-485 remote control/diagnostic port
❒ A single microcontroller providing overall receiver control and configuration
2. An audio decoder card including:
❒ A single DSP-based audio decoder providing two audio outputs, analand AES/EBU
❒ A relay control port
With the rack mount ears installed, the receiver requires only two rack units (inches) of vertical space. Unlike the ABR200, ABR202 receivers may be rackmounted directly above one another with no additional air space required.
All input and output connections are made on the rear panel. Additional DB connectors have been added, compared with the ABR200, to allow easier cato user PCs.
Table 2-2 Signal Level Defaults
Signal Level (Eb/No) Indicator
>7.0 dB On
>4.0 dB, <7.0 dB Blinking
<4.0 dB or no RF Sync Off
Theory of Operation Functional Description and Theory of Operation 2-5
le RF
)
sion size,
PEG ing ges.
and
r for y
n 600
tion,
rrier
Transmission Channel Signal Format
The Radyne ComStream digital audio satellite broadcast system uses a singcarrier to distribute audio, data, and control information from the uplink to all downlinks. This multiservice data stream uses time division multiplexing (TDMto transport the following information:
■ CD-quality digital audio (mono, dual-mono, or joint stereo pair)
■ User data
■ Relay contact closure messages and receiver commands
■ Network management commands
The TDM frame structure is provided by the ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIA audio standard, as shown in Figure 2-4.
Figure 2-4 ABR202 Channel Format
The frame header provides all information regarding the audio rate, compresmode (mono, dual-mono, joint stereo), sampling rate (48 kHz), ancillary data and checksum. The audio data is the processed data generated by the ISO/MLayer II/IIA encoder. The ancillary data stream is used to transport the followinformation: network control, user data, and relay (equipment) control messaThis data is stripped out by the ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIA decoder within the receiver and sent to the main control microprocessor for additional processingchecksum. The checksum provides error detection of key audio data-related parameters.
Multiple (stereo) audio channels can be transmitted by uplinking an RF carrieeach stereo, dual-mono, or mono channel service. This is known as frequencdivision multiplexing (FDM). The ABR202 is designed for multicarrier FDM operation. By using digitally programmed local oscillators and optimized acquisition routines, changes from one RF carrier to another occur in less thamsec and the signal parameters between the two carriers can be different.
One carrier may be operating monaural audio at 64 kbps using QPSK modulawhile a second dual mono at 256 kbps using BPSK modulation. The RF frequencies may be a full 750 MHz apart. The key parameters for each RF caare programmed into the ABR202 unit in one of three ways:
■ Locally via a computer terminal
■ Remotely via a telephone modem
■ Over the satellite link using the Audio Network Management System (ANMS), which is located at the uplink facility
Frame Header ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIA Audio Data Ancillary
2-6 Theory of Operation Functional Description and Theory of Operation
a ed.
F he uses Hz e Hz
dth g
, a
Figure 2-5 provides an illustration of various digital audio carriers on a singletransponder.
Figure 2-5 Multichannel Single Transponder System
RF channel changes can be initiated from several sources:
■ Over the satellite control channel from the uplink
■ Via the remote control port
■ Locally (if permitted) via three TTL control inputs
The output audio is muted just prior to initiating a channel change to prevent audio blasting. If the new RF carrier cannot be acquired within one bin-time, channel change fault (FL 29) is declared and the original channel is reacquirFor information on channel acquisition and bin-time, refer to the "Installation Mode Acquisition" section of this chapter.
Proper Signal Discrimination of Narrow Band RF Signals
A single satellite transponder can provide access to hundreds of individual Rcarriers because of their very wide bandwidths, typically 36, 54, or 72 MHz. TRadyne ComStream Single Channel Per Carrier (SCPC) digital audio systemvery narrow bandwidth RF carriers where the bandwidth can range from 64 k(64 kbps, QPSK) to 512 kHz (256 kbps, BPSK). The ABR202 receiver has thcapability to acquire RF signals over the full satellite frequency range of 500 Mor 750 MHz.
Because local oscillators are used in translating the signal to various radio frequencies throughout the transport cycle (uplink, satellite, and downlink), frequency uncertainties may become significant in comparison to the bandwiof the signal itself. This uncertainty can be as much as 2 MHz when operatinwith a DRO-type LNB downconverter or as little as +15 kHz with a PLL-type LNB. To ensure that only the RF carrier of interest is detected and processedfurther means of signal discrimination is required.
36 MHz Transponder
Other SCPCUsers
Dua
l Mon
o (S
tere
o) #
1
Dua
l Mon
o (S
tere
o) #
2
Dua
l Mon
o (S
tere
o) #
3
Dua
l Mon
o (S
tere
o) #
4
Mon
o #1
& 2
Reg
iona
l Ste
reo
A
Reg
iona
l Ste
reo
B
Dua
l Mon
o (S
tere
o) #
14
Mon
o #3
Mon
o #4
Central Uplink F071
Theory of Operation Functional Description and Theory of Operation 2-7
two
the
ed
and an
he 6 is
ose
t be
nd
Additional discrimination is provided by embedding a unique identifier into thecomposite data stream of each carrier. This unique identifier is comprised of components: a network identification (ID) number, and a channel ID number. The network and channel IDs are generated at the uplink by the codec/mux at regular intervals (typically every 100 msec). For a given uplink, each codec/mux is programmed with a unique channel number, with each carrier typically havingsame network ID.
During the receiver signal acquisition process, the proper RF signal is acquirand then the channel and network identifiers are matched against the user's predetermined configuration within the receiver. When these match, the SyncEnable indicators are illuminated. However, if either of the IDs do not match, acquisition network ID fault (FL 31) is declared and the acquisition process continues until the correct signal is received.
If the network and channel ID information stops for a period of thirty seconds, a network ID timeout fault (FL 30) is generated.
Note: It is important that the channel and network ID numbers generated at tcodec/mux match the receiver configuration. For example, if a channel ID of 1used at the uplink, then all downlink ABR202 receivers must have channel configuration #16 defined for the proper RF receiver frequency, symbol rate, and demodulation type (i.e., CC 16,11700000,128000,1).
If another channel configuration number is used, say CC 1, in any receiver, threceivers configured with CC 1 instead of CC 16 will not acquire the signal properly and will not operate. For multiple carriers from a single uplink the network ID should be the same for all codec/muxes, but the channel IDs musunique (i.e., 1, 2, 3, etc.).
An example of several different possible combinations of channel identifiers and frequency allocations are provided in Table 2-3 (assuming QPSK operation a128 kbps transmission rate).
Table 2-3 Channel Identifier & Frequency Allocation Combinations
Carrier No. Uplink Site RF Freq MHz NI CI CC/FD Format(at ABRs)
A X 11,700.0 2 1 CC 1,... FD 1,2,1,7
B Y 11,700.2 1 1 CC 1,... FC1,1,1,7
C Z 11,701.0 1 2 CC 2,... FC 2,1,2,7FC 3,1,2,5
D Z 11,701.2 1 3 CC 3,... FD 4,1,3,7
2-8 Theory of Operation Functional Description and Theory of Operation
f and and
k
is
h.
r
If you add a fifth carrier, Carrier E (shown in Table 2-4), to the configuration ocarrier frequencies and ID numbers in Table 2-3, it is possible that carriers BE would be incorrectly received, since they are within 600 kHz of each other do not have unique ID numbers. All other carriers would operate properly.
Low Noise Block (LNB) Downconverter
The LNB downconverter takes the satellite signals at C- or Ku-band and blocdownconverts them to L-band for processing by the satellite receiver. The performance of the LNB downconverter is critical, as it establishes the noise figure for the entire receiver system. A block diagram of the LNB subsystem shown in Figure 2-6.
Figure 2-6 LNB Downconverter PLL Block Diagram
The LNB downconverter is installed at the focus of the parabolic antenna disThe LNB downconverter consists of:
■ A low noise amplifier (LNA)
■ A dielectric resonance oscillator (DRO) or phase lock loop (PLL) oscillato
■ A mixer
■ An image reject filter
■ An IF amplifier
Table 2-4 Carrier B and E Channel Identifier and Frequency Allocation
Carrier No. Uplink Site RF Freq MHz NI CI CC/FD Format(at ABRs)
B Y 11,700.2 1 1 CC 1,... FD 1,1,1,7
E Z 11,700.8 1 1 CC 1,... FC1,1,1,7
F564-01
Waveguideinput
LNA
Mixer
950 to 1700 MHzto IDU
ImageRejectFilter
Ku-bandsignal
PLLLocal
Oscillator
Theory of Operation Functional Description and Theory of Operation 2-9
and nd
ration
The input of the LNB downconverter receives signals collected by the antennaroutes them to the LNA. The LNA sets the LNB downconverter noise figure aprovides the first stage of amplification. The amplified signal is mixed with thelocal oscillator for downconversion to L-band frequencies and then passed through the image reject filter. The IF amplifier boosts the signal to provide dynamic range, allowing for substantial cable loss. DRO technology providesgood stability and phase-noise performance and is acceptable for BPSK opeabove 112 ksps. A PLL-based LNB downconverter is required for QPSK operation.
2-10 Theory of Operation Functional Description and Theory of Operation
ajor
Receiver
The ABR202 broadcast receiver block diagram is shown in Figure 2-7. The mfunctional blocks consist of:
■ An L-band digital demodulator
■ The ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIA audio decoder DSP processor
■ The receiver control processor
Figure 2-7 ABR202 Functional Block Diagram
Note: Aggregate data is only available on the output if it is non-Musicam™ composite data.
L-BandDemodulator
ISO/MPEGDSP
Decoder
TimingGeneration
ControlProcessor D/A
(16X)
AES/EBU
Relaysand
Sensors
DataPort
Front
Panel
950 to 1700 MHz(L-Band)
AggregateData
Data
Data
Clock
Clock
fs= 48 kHz1
6 b
it P
CM
x 2
LeftAudio
M&C
DX=0 DX=1 or 2
DE=1
DE=0
In-BandData/
Control
Digital AudioOutput
Sensor Inputs
Relay Contact Closures
Status Relay
Data Port
Remote ControlPort
7
8
1
Right
LeftAnalog
RightAnalog
RS
-42
2R
S-4
22
RS
-23
2R
S-2
32
64, 96, 112, 128, 192, 256, 384 kbps
G751-04
RS
-48
5
Theory of Operation Functional Description and Theory of Operation 2-11
e n the ream The r
al
log final a ed,
or ute
ly
dio
Hz ll .
be is pter
d
at ted trol
The L-band demodulator receives the signal from the LNB downconverter. Thsignal is downconverted by a digitally controlled local oscillator. The signal isthen quadrature downconverted, sampled, and input to the demodulator IC. Idemodulator IC, soft decisions are made on the digitally compressed audio stand it creates error signals for the carrier tracking, bit timing, and AGC loops. soft-decision bits are directed to the backward-compatible Sequential decodeblock, which supports differential decoding, V.35 descrambling, and sequentidecoding for use in existing ABR200 networks.
The Digital Signal Processor (DSP) synchronizes to the digitally compressedaudio stream and performs audio decoding and audio/control demultiplexing. Next, the compressed digital audio is converted back into left and right channel 16-bit linear PCM audio. A dual channel 16-times-oversampled digital-to-ana(D/A) converter, operating at a 48 kHz sampling rate, is used to produce the CD-quality analog audio signal. The CD-quality analog audio is available on male, 9-pin DB connector. The outputs are direct coupled and actively balancwith the capability to drive a 600 ohm impedance load. When operating in themono mode, there are several options for the output audio signal mapping. Finformation about signal mapping, refer to the left and right toggle (L/R) and m(MU) commands in the chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation.
During any type of signal or processing failure, the output audio is immediatemuted to prevent audio blasting. Also, to provide blast-free audio channel changes, the audio is always muted prior to changing RF channels during auchannel changes. It is then unmuted once audio decoder sync is achieved.
An AES/EBU digital output interface is also available. This interface permits direct output of the 16-bit PCM samples. The interface operates using a 48 ksampling rate only. Newer studio equipment using the AES/EBU interface wiprovide a direct digital interface from the ABR202 for maximum performance
For diagnostic testing and installation, a test tone at approximately 1 kHz cangenerated within the receiver for output to both analog audio channels. This accomplished through the audio test (AT) command, as described in the chaon Remote Monitor and Control Operation. Audio tone generation permits verification of external equipment connection, proper channel phasing, level settings, distortion measurements, and the like. These tests can be controllelocally through the M&C port or from the uplink via the ANMS computer.
Cue Signaling
Up to 16 cue control lines can be input into the DAC multiplexer unit located the uplink. These 16 cue lines independently control eight relay closures locaat the ABR202 receiver. The cue inputs are typically connected to studio conconsoles or event sequencers.
2-12 Theory of Operation Functional Description and Theory of Operation
st be This ) lts
iods . The
ay , nals
that
n or to
the
rs are For nd in
Since only eight contact closures are available at the receiver, a mapping mumade as to which eight of the 16 possible control inputs activate the closures.mapping is performed at the ABR202 receiver using the contact mapping (CMcommand or at the uplink via the ANMS control computer. The receiver defauto have the first eight inputs at the DAC mux control the eight closures at the ABR202.
Any change in the state of an input line is sensed, and within two sample perthis change is muxed into the continuous transmission of the control channelinput levels are continuously transmitted over the control channel at a rate specified by the DAC RM command every 100 msec (default setting). The relcontact closures at the ABR202 receiver directly track the logic levels (activenonactive) at the uplink mux. Given the two default sampling rates, pulsed sigare reproduced within an accuracy of less than or equal to 50 msec.
Figure 2-8 provides a pictorial representation of the 16-to-8 mapping functionoccurs for the cue signals within the ABR202 receiver.
Figure 2-8 Cue Signaling System Diagram
Seven TTL sensor inputs are provided for external control of channel selectiofor ancillary equipment monitoring. The first three inputs permit selection of upeight different RF audio channels by connecting a rotary (or similar) switch toinputs. Only a simple contact closure is required to perform audio channel changes. The actual RF channel frequencies and related operating parameteprogrammed either locally or from the uplink and are stored in eight presets. more information about the presets, refer to the preset definition (PD) commathe chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation.
G744-04
DAC700 MUX
ANMSControl
Channel
1
8
16
CueInput
Sampling
MUX
UserData In
TDMControlChannelCue
In
16
1
DEMUX
ABR202
UserDataOut
CueOut
16
1
CueMapping
1
8
16
1
8
16
Closure 1
Closure 8
8
16
Theory of Operation Functional Description and Theory of Operation 2-13
9, with h unit
n the e nal puts.
in,
om ts d to rly all
es,
to a
h it
nnel r o ally iven the rted el ed,
The Radyne ComStream switch unit (CPN 03-0507-001), shown in Figure 2-allows the user to externally select one of eight preset channel configurationsa BCD complementary rotary switch. This unit is mounted into a one unit higchassis and has a front polycarb to allow the user to mark their presets. The attaches through a cable (CPN 05-0506-001) to the receiving ABR.
Figure 2-9 Switch Panel
The second group of three inputs can be used to trigger a fault condition withireceiver. These fault conditions are monitored and can be used to activate thstatus alarm relay. A brief summary of the possible trigger events are: low sigstrength, loss of sync (audio or carrier), IDU and ODU Faults, and external in
The seventh input is reserved for future use.
ABR202 CarrierAcquisition
Acquisition is the process the receiver uses to adjust its frequency, phase, gaand synchronization to match the incoming carrier. Acquisition of the carrier signal for the ABR202 is a sophisticated process. Frequency errors arising frtemperature changes in the outdoor environment and the aging of componenover time can make signal acquisition difficult. The ABR202 has been designeovercome these errors by the use of internal synthesizers that correct for neacomponents of error, without operator intervention.
The automatic acquisition feature of the ABR202 operates in two distinct modinstallation and fade:
■ Installation mode acquisition is performed when the system is locking onnew carrier.
■ Fade acquisition is performed when the receiver loses the carrier to whicwas previously locked.
Added to this process is the identification of the correct carrier via unique chaidentifiers transmitted within the control portion of the received audio stream.Each RF carrier is identified in two ways, a network identification (ID) numbeand a channel ID number. These ID numbers originate within the digital audicodec at the transmitter (uplink) site. All carriers on a single network are typicconfigured with the same network ID number. However, each RF channel is ga unique channel ID number. If the receiver tries to lock to an RF carrier withincorrect network or channel identifier, the RF synchronization process is aboand acquisition continues until the carrier with the proper network and channnumber is acquired. This ensures that receivers are locked to their preassignauthorized channel.
2-14 ABR202 Carrier Acquisition Functional Description and Theory of Operation
e rate.
peat t arch.
ange
it, it
ers Sync he
ct
Installation Mode Acquisition
During installation, acquisition begins at the nominal carrier center frequency, which is user-defined by the channel configuration (CC) command and the acquisition offset (AO) command. An attempt to acquire the carrier begins bysearching a range of frequencies, called a frequency bin, centered around thnominal carrier frequency. The size of this range is determined by the symbolIf the ABR202 is unable to find the carrier within this range, the receiver will move to the next contiguous range below the center carrier frequency and rethe process. If the carrier is not found there, the receiver will move to the nexcontiguous frequency above the center carrier frequency and continue the se
The receiver will continue this process, each time searching the next outside r(on either side of the starting point) until the carrier is found, or until the user-defined acquisition range limit (B3) is reached. If the receiver reaches this limwill log an acquisition range fault (FL9) and repeat the entire process, startingagain at the center carrier frequency. Figure 2-10 illustrates the installation acquisition process.
Figure 2-10 Installation Acquisition Mode
Immediately following RF carrier acquisition, the channel and network identifiare matched against the configuration within the receiver. If these match, the and Enable indicators both illuminate and the signal is further processed by tABR202. However, if either of the IDs do not match, an acquisition network IDfault (FL 31) is declared and the acquisition process continues until the corresignal is received and detected.
Frequency
Tim
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ABR202 Carrier Acquisition Functional Description and Theory of Operation 2-15
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Fade Acquisition
Fade acquisition uses a different search pattern in order to concentrate the seain a narrower frequency range. This range is centered on the point the carrielast seen, as illustrated in Figure 2-11, while still covering the entire user-defisearch range (B3).
Figure 2-11 Fade Acquisition Mode
When the receiver loses the carrier, it starts a fade acquisition at the point it lsaw the carrier. It searches the range centered on that point (P0). The size of this range is defined by the B1 command. If no carrier is found, the search continuthe areas above and below sequentially.
The size of the range searched outside the B1 range is defined by the B2 command. These points are indicated in Figure 2-11 as B21 and B22.
Once the B21 and B22 ranges are searched, the receiver returns to P0 and resumes the expanding search from the beginning. When the B1 limit is reached againsystem searches another B2 range beyond the last B2 attempts. If the carriernot found, the receiver starts again at P0 and searches the B1 range.
In this manner the system expands the search until the carrier is found or thedefined acquisition range limit (B3) is reached. If the range limit is reached without finding the carrier, an acquisition range fault (FL9) occurs and the enfade acquisition process begins again at P0.
Immediately following RF carrier acquisition the channel and network identifiare matched against the configuration within the receiver. If these match, the and Enable indicators both illuminate and the signal is further processed by tABR202. However, if either of the IDs do not match, an acquisition network IDfault (FL 31) occurs and the acquisition process continues until the correct signal is received and detected.
2-16 ABR202 Carrier Acquisition Functional Description and Theory of Operation
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3Quick Installation
Overview This chapter provides quick installation and startup instructions for experiencusers who are familiar with satellite communications equipment.
It assumes that the:
■ Satellite antenna is installed and aligned to the desired satellite
■ IFL cable is properly installed and connected to the receiver and the LNBdownconverter at the antenna
■ ABR202 is configured correctly for your network
Caution: Ensure AC power is off before connecting or disconnecting the IFL cto the receiver.
Installing an ABR202 inan Existing ABR200
Network
If you are installing an ABR202 in an existing ABR200 network, there are configuration changes which must be made to your DAC400 or DAC700 at thUplink in order for your ABR202 to function properly. Refer to Appendix D forspecific instructions on how to configure your DAC400 or DAC700.
Quick InstallationProcedure
Under the above-listed conditions, the ABR202 is a plug-and-play componentthe system startup is straightforward. If the above conditions do not apply, or if you experience problems following the Quick Installation procedure, refer to chapter on Full Installation and Startup.
To perform quick installation:
1. Make sure the ABR202 is properly installed in an equipment rack or on asurface with the following connected:
❒ AC cord
❒ IFL cable
❒ Audio, data, and relay port cables
Caution: Ensure that the unit has at least 3 inches of side clearance and 1 intop and bottom clearance for adequate ventilation.
2. If the receiver was not configured at the factory with customer-supplied satellite frequencies, then it must be configured by the end-user.
To configure the receiver:
❒ An RS-232 terminal (or software equivalent, i.e., PROCOMM® or Windows® Terminal Program) must be connected to the receiver Monand Control (M&C) port. Pin definitions on the M&C port allow for ribbon cable connection from a DB-9 COM port.
Overview Quick Installation 3-1
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❒ The terminal must be configured to operate at the default communication values of 2400 baud, using 7 data bits, odd parity, and 1 stop bit.
❒ The following commands and associated values must be entered at tterminal to program the minimal essential operating parameters. Itemitalics are variable syntax depending on what information is being requested. (For more information about any of the following commandrefer to the chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation.)
The ABR202 is factory preset for a PLL LNB, unless otherwise requested. Use of a DRO LNB requires that a master reset (MR) command be invoked first with the applicable argument shown below:
MR 0 {to select a DRO LNB}
MR 1 {to select a PLL LNB}
• Enter the channel configuration for each channel to be used. Command format is:
CC channel_number,RF_frequency,symbol_rate,modulation_type, coding_rate, outer_block_code_rate
• Enter the definition for the service (format) that is to be received. Command format is:
FD format_number,network_id_number,channel_id_number,service_authorization
• Select the desired audio service channel using the FS (format selcommand. Command format is:
FS format_number
• Initiate initial acquisition search mode by entering:
AQ 2
3. Observe the following about the front panel indicators:
❒ The Power indicator is on and remains illuminated red signifying that power is applied to the unit and that there is at least one operating fau
❒ When signal acquisition is complete, the Sync and Enable indicators illuminated green and the Power indicator changes to green, indicatinoperating faults are present.
❒ The Sync indicator may or may not be illuminated based on the signanoise ratio.
4. Check if audio is available at the audio output port. If the receiver configuration is correct and the receiver is permissioned from the uplink, taudio will be heard.
You are finished installing the ABR202 satellite audio receiver system.
For further verification of proper operation of the ABR202, or if there is a problem during quick installation, refer to the chapter on Full Installation and Startup.
3-2 Quick Installation Procedure Quick Installation
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4Full Installation and Startup
Overview This chapter describes the steps necessary to install and start up a completeABR202 Audio Broadcast Receiver. It presents separate instructions for outdequipment, the IFL cable, and indoor equipment.
The material in this chapter may be used as a guide to overall installation of receiver site or a startup of selected components related to the ABR202 syst
Installation Overview The overall steps for installing and starting up the ABR202 are as follows:
1. Plan the site.
2. Install and align the antenna.
3. Install the IFL cable.
4. Install the ABR202.
5. Connect the ABR202.
6. Start up the system.
7. Validate or verify the installation.
Planning the Site The purpose of site planning is to specify where the various components of treceiver system are to be located and to identify any special installation or operational requirements. Time spent in planning prevents unnecessary complications during installation and allows potential problems to be resolvedbefore work begins.
There are three main issues to be addressed:
■ Location and mounting of the antenna assembly
■ Routing of the IFL cable
■ Location of the ABR202
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Installing and Aligningthe Antenna
The location of the receiving antenna is the first element to be considered. The antenna must be placed with an unobstructed line-of-sight path to the transmsatellite. The antenna will not function properly if the path to the satellite is blocked or obstructed by buildings, trees, or other objects. If possible, placemshould avoid situations that limit the field of view, such as buildings or large mstructures.
Aside from physical considerations, the location of the antenna requires compliance with local ordinances and building codes, particularly those pertaito electrical conduits. This is particularly true if the outdoor portion of the cablto be buried. The responsibility for complying with local ordinances rests soleupon the purchaser of the antenna. It is best to be aware of the local buildingconstruction codes as early in the planning process as possible.
After the antenna assembly is complete, install the LNB and align the antennThe LNB installation kit includes mounting hardware for most standard feed horns. Some feed horns may require different hardware (bolts, nuts).
Installing the IFL Cable To ensure that the receiver operates properly, the IFL cable must meet the specifications described in Appendix C: Interfacility Link (IFL) Cable Characteristics and Preparation.
In most cases, the routing of the IFL cable from the antenna assembly to theABR202 consists of an outdoor run, for one part of its length, and an indoor rfor the remaining length. It is always advantageous to carefully plan the path for the run of the IFL cable since an improper installation can significantly degrasystem performance.
In general, always try to minimize the length of the cable run. In addition, thespecifications for the cable should be carefully reviewed with the proposed laand intended system data rate in mind. For example, using the recommende11 cable, a run of 400 feet is possible, assuming a 192 kbps data rate. Runs longer than 400 feet are possible using RG-35 cable or an L-band line amplifier (useband line amplifier LA-20 by Norsat (604) 597-6278) with a gain of 20 to 30 dEnsure that the line amplifier also passes the 18 VDC line voltage on to the Ldownconverter.
Table 4-1 provides information on maximum cable losses that are acceptablebefore signal degradation can be expected (assuming 5 dB Eb/No LNB outpudB LNB gain, 150°K system noise temperature).
Table 4-1 IFL Cable Loss vs. Data Rate
Data Rate Cable Loss Maximum (dB)
384 kbps 14
256 kbps 12.2
128 kbps 9.2
64 kbps 6.2
4-2 Installing and Aligning the Antenna Full Installation and Startup
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Installing the ABR202 Once the antenna has been properly located and installed, attention should bdirected to the location of the receiver. The ABR202 functions over a wide raof power and environmental conditions. An autoranging power supply allows receiver to use most common utility power feeds.
For maximum availability and reliability, connect the receiver to an uninterruppower supply (UPS) to allow continued operation during power outages.
The low wattage requirements and small size of the unit make it adaptable to installations. For detailed environmental specifications, refer to the chapter oTechnical Specifications and Port Information.
The physical location of the ABR202 is flexible and largely depends on the location of the audio processing equipment rack. The ABR202 should be locclose to the equipment it will serve.
Rack-Mount
Normally, the ABR202 mounts in a standard 19-inch equipment rack, using track mount brackets which are supplied, and occupies two rack units of heig(3.5 inches).
To allow for adequate ventilation of the ABR202 in a rack, the ABR requires asmall amount of free air space above it. Other hardware may be installed directly above the ABR202 in the rack, but the unit must not completely cover the ventilation holes on the sides, top, or bottom covers.
Note: The ABR202 rack mount brackets are designed to provide air space aband below the unit to promote convection cooling.
The maximum ambient temperature specification for the ABR202 is 50º C. Ttemperature is measured one inch from either side of the receiver within the enclosure. This temperature must not exceed 50º C to maintain the product'swarranty. Proper rack ventilation and forced air flow techniques should be usensure the internal ambient temperature within the rack does not exceed theABR202 specifications.
Radyne ComStream strongly recommends that surge suppression be used oAC input to the ABR202, or any rack that contains an ABR202. There are many surge suppression vendors that can recommend and supply products to meet your voltage and power requirements. In addition, placement of the ABR202 shouallow access to its rear panel.
Note: The IDU should be rack-mounted only in enclosures that will not exceeambient temperature of 50° C.
Installing the ABR202 Full Installation and Startup 4-3
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To ensure proper ventilation cooling of the desktop unit, do not place obstrucwithin three inches of the ventilation holes on the sides or on top of the unit.
External Connections This section describes the physical and electrical connections to the ABR202 receiver.
Caution: Ensure that the power to the ABR202 is off when connecting or disconnecting either end of the cable that connects to RF In. Failure to do so maycause equipment damage.
All external connections to the ABR202 are made through the rear panel connectors. The ABR202 has eight possible connections on the rear panel. Tlocation of these connectors is shown in Figure 4-1.
Figure 4-1 ABR202 Rear Panel Connectors
The pinouts for these interfaces are detailed in Appendix A: Interface Pinouts
Note: To ensure compliance with EMC standards, all signal cables connectedthe receiver should be shielded. The shield must be properly terminated to thmating connector.
Audio Out
Connector Type: DB-9, Male (Top Row)
The Audio Out port provides the analog audio output for left and right audio channels. The outputs are direct coupled and actively balanced, with the capato a drive 600 ohm impedance. To ensure against circuit damage resulting frshort circuits, a series current-limiting resistor (510 ohm) exists between the amp output and the connector.
G740-04
RF INPUTUSER DATA PRINTER DATA
RELAYS
M & C AUXILIARY
AUDIO AES-EBU
4-4 External Connections Full Installation and Startup
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Note: Audio gain through the system is nominally 0 dB with a 100k load impedance and a nominal (mid-range) audio volume setting. Using 600 ohmoutput load will reduce the audio output power by 5.3 dB. The audio volume command may be used to recover this lost power, if required. For additional information, refer to the chapter on commands and codes.
When operating in the mono mode, there are several options for the output asignal mapping. For information about signal mapping, refer to the left and rigtoggle (L/R) and mute (MU) commands in found in the chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation.
A mating female DB-9 connector, with a metal shell cover, is supplied with thaudio receiver for connecting to studio equipment. The user is required to suthe interconnecting cable, which should be a shielded, twisted pair audio cable.
AUX (Auxiliary)
Connector Type: DB-15, Female (Bottom Row)
The auxiliary port provides a connection to a variety of signals for optional usincluding:
■ Status relay contacts
■ AGC monitor voltage
■ Composite non-MPEG data only, synchronous RS-422 receive clock/dataoutput
■ Composite MPEG data, synchronous RS-422 clock/data input
External Connections Full Installation and Startup 4-5
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Status Relay
The Status Relay contacts are made at this connector. The Status Relay outpprovides the capability for an external indication of errors in the satellite recesystem operation. The Status Relay tracks the front panel Fault indicator andconsists of contact closures (both normally open and normally closed presentations) that remains inactive during normal operation (Figure 4-2).
A powerful feature of the Status Relay is its ability to be programmed to triggwhen specific user-selected fault conditions are detected while ignoring otheThis allows the status relay actions to be customized for the conditions at a specific receiver installation. The status relay mask (SR) command provides customizing ability. (For specific details, refer to the chapter on Remote Moniand Control Operation.)
Both normally open and normally closed presentations of the status relay are available on the Status Relay connector. The normally open relay pins will prean open circuit when the unit power is off or when an unmasked fault is presConversely, the normally closed relay output will present a short circuit whenpower is off or an unmasked fault is present. The logic of the relay, i.e., openclosed, may be reversed using the SS command as described in the chaptercommands and codes.
Note: The Status Relay output should not be used to switch currents greater tamp, voltages higher than 100 volts, or total power higher than 25 VA.
Figure 4-2 Relay K1 and J2 ABR Connector
K1 Relay J2 ABRConnector
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Status Common
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4-6 External Connections Full Installation and Startup
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AGC Monitor Voltage
For aiding in antenna pointing, an analog version of the automatic gain contr(AGC) is made available on this connector. The analog voltage range is from10 VDC and is a representation of the incoming signal strength. This voltagemeasured with respect to the signal ground, pin 1, on the Auxiliary connector.
Zero volts indicates there is no receive signal present, and 10 volts indicatesreceive signal is at the maximum level, as shown in Figure 4-3.
Figure 4-3 Signal Strength versus AGC Voltage
The AGC output has 1k ohm output impedance, therefore a high impedance volt meter is recommended for measurement.
RS-422 Composite Data Output
The undecoded audio data stream is on this connector as RS-422 data and csignal pairs. This interface operates synchronously with the output data beinvalid on the falling edge of the receive timing clock that is also provided.
Note: Data is only available on the output if it is non-Musicam™ encoded composite data.
RS-422 Digital Audio Input
External RS-422 data and clock signals may be provided to the auxiliary portpassed to the internal audio decoder from an external MPEG audio encoder storage device.
AES/EBU Digital Audio Output
Connector Type: DB-15, Female (Top Row)
A digital pulse coded modulation (PCM) audio output is available. This interfaoperates per the AES/EBU interface specification. This interface permits direconnection to studio equipment or digital audio tape recorders that support thAES/EBU interface. Higher quality audio is thereby possible since all of the digital-analog and analog-digital conversion noise is alleviated with digital PC
External Connections Full Installation and Startup 4-7
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Relay/Control
Connector Type: DB-25, Male (Top Row)
The Relay/Control port provides eight separate form A (SPST) relay contactsare controlled from the uplink. Each contact can be programmed independenin combination with other contacts. The polarity (normally open or closed) is aconfigurable (either locally or from the uplink). The relay contacts are intendebe used to control external equipment, either audio or other station equipmen
Seven TTL sensor inputs are provided for external control of channel selectiofor ancillary equipment monitoring. Each input is internally pulled up to +5 VDthrough a 4.7 K ohm resistor. These inputs can be directly monitored via the sensor input query (SI) command. The first three inputs permit selection of ueight different RF audio channels by connecting a rotary (or similar) switch toinputs. A contact closure from the input to the ground pin provided on this connector activates the input. The actual RF channel frequencies are programeither locally or from the uplink and are stored into eight presets.
The second group of three inputs can be used to trigger an automatic dial-outrouble reporting call into the uplink facility when activated. (For more information, refer to the FL command section in the chapter on Remote Monand Control Operation.) The seventh input is reserved for future use. Also available on this port is +15 VDC. An internal resistor limits the output curren50 mA. One possible use for this voltage is to support interfacing to coupled inputs of user equipment.
User Data
Connector Type: DB-9, Female (Bottom Row)
The User Data port provides an asynchronous RS-232 data output. The data of the audio data stream transmitted from the uplink. Data rates up to 9600 bare supported. The port can be configured by the user via the user data port configuration (P1) command described in the chapter on Remote Monitor anControl Operation. Flow control is not implemented for this interface.
Printer Data
Connector Type: DB-25, Female (Bottom Row)
The Printer Data port provides either an asynchronous RS-232 data output oasynchronous RS-432 data output. The data is part of the audio data stream transmitted from the uplink. Data rates up to 9600 baud are supported. The pcan be configured by the user via the printer port configuration (P3) commandthe interface selection (S1) command described in the chapter on Remote Moand Control Operation. Flow control is not implemented for this interface.
4-8 External Connections Full Installation and Startup
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M&C
Connector Type: DB-9, Female (Bottom Row)
The M&C port is used to connect an RS-232 control terminal, RS-485 multidbus, or telephone modem to the ABR202. During normal system operation, commands are received from the uplink via the control channel. However, coand diagnostic commands can also be issued to the receiver through this poDuring normal operation, the front panel LED indicator displays summary failinformation. The diagnostic port is used to provide detailed information on the ABR202 status.
The M&C port is configurable via the M&C port configuration (P2) command described in the chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation.
With the Radyne ComStream-approved, Hayes-compatible telephone modem(CPN 30-0120-194) connected to the M&C port, a terrestrial backlink to a network uplink can be established for remote performance monitoring. (For minformation about telephone modem operation, refer to Appendix B: TelephoModem Operation.)
Note: The data terminal ready (DTR) lines must be active for proper operatioThe default port configuration is 2400 baud, 7 data bits, 1 stop bit, and odd pwith packet address 31.
Since the M&C port can be reprogrammed, it may be necessary to reset the pthe default configuration. To reset:
1. Connect the MCRESET (AUXILIARY port, pin 12) pin to signal ground (AUXILIARY port, pin 8).
2. Remove and reinsert the power cord of the ABR202.
3. After power is turned on and the initialization process is complete, disconpin 12 from pin 8.
Note: The M&C port will also accept commands via an RS-485 party line busWhile the receiver does not distinguish between RS-232 and RS-485 electriclevels, it is essential to invoke “packet-only” mode for multiple Radyne ComStream products communicating over the same RS-485 bus in Radyne ComStream Packet Protocol. The ABR202 is a “slave” on the RS-485 bus, i.only responds to commands and never initiates communication with the “mas
External Connections Full Installation and Startup 4-9
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RF In
Connector Type: F, 75 ohm, Female (Bottom Row)
The RF In port is the primary input to the receiver. The RF signal is brought inthe receiver through this connector.
The power of the input carrier should be in the range of -75 dBm to -20 dBm the RF frequency in the range of 950 MHz to 1700 MHz. The total power in th950 MHz to 1700 MHz band should be less than -10 dBm. The input impedan75 ohm, with a return loss of greater than 8 dB.
The RF In connector on the back panel also supplies +18 VDC (500 mA maximum) to the LNB downconverter. This is supplied through the center conductor of the connector via the IFL cable. Caution should be exercised wh
■ Fabricating an IFL cable. Using connectors or cables other than those specified in Appendix C: Interfacility Link (IFL) Cable Characteristics andPreparation may result in shorting the +18 V to connector ground, which prevent the ABR202 from operating. Ensure the cable's center conductorslides into the receptor cup of the connector's center pin prior to crimpingconnector.
■ Connecting any extraneous test equipment (e.g., simulator) to the RF In A suitable DC blocking capacitor must be connected between the port anexternal equipment to prevent a possible short from tripping the internal scircuit protection circuit.
Caution: Ensure that the power to the ABR202 is off when connecting or disconnecting either end of the cable that connects to RF In. Failure to do so maycause equipment damage.
Note: If the +18 output is shorted, the Power LED on the front panel will not ligindicating the short circuit protection of the internal power supply is active. Removing the short circuit will restore normal power supply operation.
Power Connector
Connector Type: IEC 320, Male socket
The ABR202 power supply is autoranging from 90 to 264 VAC and 47 to 63 HMaximum power supply output for the ABR202 is 52 watts. The typical poweconsumption for the ABR202 is less than 40 watts. There is no power on/off switch on the receiver. Remove the AC power cable from the unit to turn the power off.
Note: Always power down the ABR202 before connecting or disconnecting sigcables to the unit.
If an unterminated power cord is supplied with the unit, the appropriate certified termination plug must be installed. The power cord wires are color-coded as follows:
4-10 External Connections Full Installation and Startup
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■ Green and Yellow: earth/ground
■ Blue: neutral
■ Brown: live
If the color code described does not correspond to the colored markings identifying the terminals in your plug, proceed as follows:
1. The green and yellow wire must be connected to the terminal in the plug marked by the letter E or by the earth symbol , or colored green and ye
2. The blue wire must be connected to the terminal marked with the letter Ncolored black.
3. The brown wire must be connected to the terminal marked with the letter colored red.
Table 4-2 lists the required certifying agencies for some countries.
Table 4-2 Certifying Agencies by Country
Country Agency
Australia SSA
Austria OVE
Belgium CEBEC
Canada CSA
Denmark DEMKI
Finland FEI
France UTE
Germany VDE
India ISI
Ireland IIRS
Italy IMQ
Japan MITI
Netherlands KEMA
New Zealand SECVSECQ
SECWAEANSWETSAHECTSANZ
Norway NEMKO
Republic of So. Africa SABS
Spain AEE
Sweden SEMKO
Switzerland SEV
United Kingdom ASTABSI
External Connections Full Installation and Startup 4-11
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Starting Up the System This section describes the activities necessary to bring an assembled ABR20system online. The following steps assume that the antenna, IFL cable, and ABR202 have been properly installed and connected. Do not proceed until thsetup is complete.
Caution: Ensure that the power to the ABR202 is off when connecting or disconnecting either end of the cable that connects to RF In. Failure to do so maycause equipment damage.
If problems are encountered in the startup sequence, refer to the "Startup Problems" section of this chapter and the chapter on Maintenance and Troubleshooting.
To start up the ABR202:
1. Make sure the ABR202 is properly installed in the equipment rack or on ttable top with the IFL cable and the audio/data cables connected.
2. Turn on the unit by connecting the AC power cable to the unit and observefront panel LEDs. The front panel lights flash through a consistent sequewhen the unit is first powered on. The pattern the lights follow is dependeon the signal conditions and strength at your site. When acquisition is complete, the Enable LED is illuminated, and the Power LED is illuminategreen. The Sync LED may or may not be illuminated based on the signalstrength and the Q0 (Low Signal Quality Threshold Level) and Q1 (High Signal Quality Threshold Level) command settings.
3. Check to see if audio is available at the Audio Out port. If the network is properly configured and the receiver properly authorized, audio will be present.
At this point the ABR202 is ready for verifying proper equipment setup and operation.
Validating Installation
Once the ABR202 has been powered up, verify that the unit is connected profor the audio, data, and relay ports. This is accomplished by communicating the receiver using an ASCII terminal and performing several diagnostic commands. The electrical interface is RS-232 on a PC-AT style DB-9 connecDTE presentation. The terminal should be configured for 2400 baud, 7 data bstop bit, and odd parity.
To establish communication with the receiver:
1. At the ASCII terminal connected to the ABR202, press the ENTER key onterminal. The receiver should respond with an ASCII login request string.
2. Type the default password HOMEYD (must use all caps). When successcommunication has been accomplished, the terminal displays a > promptindicating it is ready to accept commands.
4-12 Starting Up the System Full Installation and Startup
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Once the communications link with the ABR202 is established, the following steps can be used to verify proper receiver operation.
Note: For an alphabetical listing of commands and proper command syntax, efer to the chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation.
1. Validate the:
a. Audio interface. Enter AT 1 and verify that a 1000 Hz audio tone is present on both left and right audio outputs. This can be accomplishethe receiver or at an appropriate patch panel location. When the test complete enter AT 0.
b. Relay port interface. Each individual relay closure contact can be activated (closed/opened) or deactivated (opened/closed) via the termusing the CO (contact closure) and CS (contact sense) commands. Eline should be verified to exercise the external equipment connection to ensure proper operation. Ensure that CO is returned to all Xs.
c. User Data port interface. Connect the data port to the data terminal equipment (DTE) device. Ensure the data port configuration (P1 command) and the DTE configuration agree. At the M&C terminal entX1 1 to initiate the data port test. The string, THE QUICK BROWN FOJUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG 0123456789, should be printed out continuously at the DTE. If not, recheck all connections and configurations. When finished, enter X1 0 to stop the test.
d. Printer Data port interface. Connect the data port to the data terminalequipment (DTE) device. Ensure the data port configuration (P3 command) and the DTE configuration agree. At the M&C terminal entX3 1 to initiate the data port test. The string, THE QUICK BROWN FOJUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG 0123456789, should be printed out continuously at the DTE. If not, recheck all connections and configurations. When finished, enter X3 0 to stop the test.
e. Receiver operation. Enter ST ? to verify the status of the ABR202. The0 response indicates status zero or no faults.
• Enter CF 0 to clear the fault register.
• Enter EB ? to verify the Eb/No of the link.
2. Verify the operation of the ABR202 compared to the link budget for a particular installation. Enter FL 0. The response should be FL 0 indicatingfaults have been detected since the CF 0 command. Keep in mind that otfactors, such as weather, may affect this measurement. If faults are obserefer to the chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation for more information on the FL command.
At this point, the ABR202 installation is verified and ready for normal operatio
Starting Up the System Full Installation and Startup 4-13
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Startup Problems This section describes common problems encountered during startup. In genethe ABR202 has been designed for unattended operation and few problems sbe encountered.
The ABR202 is factory preset for a PLL LNB, unless ordered otherwise. UseDRO LNB requires that a master reset (MR) command be invoked with the applicable argument shown below:
MR 0 {to select a DRO LNB}
MR 1 {to select a PLL LNB}
The MR command with the applicable agreement must be entered twice to taeffect. For more information, refer to the chapter on Remote Monitor and ConOperation.
The receiver will not lock onto the satellite signal
The most common cause of this problem is a lack of signal at the RF input. Ithere is a problem with the signal, most likely it is improper pointing of the antenna or the IFL cable. An indication of a lack of signal is the AGC value. IfAGC gain factor (AG) command indicates a value of 255, there is no signal present.
To troubleshoot this problem:
1. Ensure the antenna is properly assembled, and recheck the antenna aligto ensure it is pointed to the proper satellite.
2. Check the connectors on the IFL cable for proper installation. With the cadisconnected, ensure the cable passes a continuity and no-short test.
3. Measure the DC output of the ABR202 at RF Out. The DC level should bapproximately 18 V. If DC is present here, the ABR202 power supply is O
4. Attach the IFL cable to the ABR202 and measure the DC voltage at the antenna end of the cable. If there is no DC voltage present on the centerconductor of the IFL, the cable is defective.
❒ If the DC value is below 15 V, there is an excessive DC voltage drop incable due to improper installation or use of the incorrect cable for thedistance.
❒ If the DC value is 15 V minimum, connect the cable to the LNB downconverter. If the AG value is still 255, then the LNB downconvertis probably defective or the antenna is not pointed correctly.
5. Ensure the correct polarization of the LNB for the network is set. If it is incorrect, you could have a strong AG value but not be able to lock on to carrier.
If the antenna is pointed correctly and the signal is present (AG other than 25but the unit will not acquire, then there could be many possible causes. Enteon the diagnostic terminal. Check the values of B1, B2, and B3.
4-14 Startup Problems Full Installation and Startup
ocal ter to
n the work or
per
the e is a
n the
dio
If operating in QPSK mode, then spectral inversions, caused by a high-side loscillator in the transmission chain, may also prevent lock. Set the DI paramecompensate for spectral inversion, if necessary.
Check the values of the FS, FD, and CC commands. These are dependent onetwork configuration. If these commands do not match the values for the nethub, the receiver will not acquire the signal. Contact the Network Administratfor assistance.
If any of the other values vary from their expected values, change it to its provalue and enter AQ 2 to restart signal acquisition.
No audio is received from the Audio Out port
If the front panel Enable LED is on (signal is locked) but no audio is available,most likely cause is that the receiver is not authorized to receive audio or thercabling problem.
To troubleshoot this problem:
1. Double check the pinouts on the cable and run the audio test described iprevious section.
2. Execute the audio sync status (AS) command, which will indicate if the auoutput is muted and why. For more information, refer to the chapter on Remote Monitor and Control Operation.
3. Check with the Network Administrator to ensure audio is available on theoutput port you are checking.
For other problems or ideas, refer to the chapter on Maintenance and Troubleshooting.
Startup Problems Full Installation and Startup 4-15
ct
port.
k to
Using the DAC400 andABR202 in Baseband
Mode
To operate the DAC400 with the ABR202 in baseband mode, a cable for direconnection between the DAC400 and ABR202 (no modem) must be built as specified in Table 4-3.
To operate in baseband mode, follow these steps:
1. Place the receiver in DX 2 mode, this will input the ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIAdata stream from the DAC400 to the baseband input of the receiver's Aux
2. Set dipswitch 10 of the DAC400 to the up position, so as to provide a clocthe receiver.
Table 4-3 Cable for Direct Connection Between DAC400 and ABR202
EncoderDB-15, Male, Line 1
Pin NumberSignal Name
ABR202DB-15, Male, Aux Port
Pin NumberSignal Name
2 Send Data A 7 RD+
9 Send Data B 14 RD-
7 (jumped to 31) Send Timing A 13 RT+
14 (jumped to 101) Send Timing B 6 RT-
8 Signal Ground 1 Signal Ground1Shorted on same connector
4-16 Using the DAC400 and ABR202 in Baseband Mode Full Installation and Startup
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202 his
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5Remote Monitor and Control Operation
Overview In audio distribution networks, the ABR202 is normally configured and controlfrom the uplink via the Audio Network Management System (ANMS). In this configuration, the user typically does not need to communicate directly with treceiver. However, during receiver installation, troubleshooting, or performanmonitoring, direct communication may be required.
This chapter details the remote control operation of the receiver. Complete monitoring and control of the receiver is available using an ASCII computer terminal connected to the RS-232 M&C port located on the rear of the unit. Alternatively, a telephone modem may be connected to the M&C port permitting access from a remote terminal. (For more information, refer to the appendix oTelephone Modem Operation.)
Commands are input by the user to set or display ABR202 parameters. ABRcodes are output by the receiver to indicate errors, faults, or current status. Tchapter:
■ Describes the ABR202 command syntax
■ Explains each functional group of commands
■ Presents errors, faults, and status codes
■ Provides an alphabetical listing of all ABR202 commands and codes
Command Syntax Commands are input to the ABR202 by sending a sequence of ASCII characto the receiver M&C port. Each message consists of a two-letter mnemonic sta single-space character, and an optional parameter followed by a carriage rCommands may be entered in either upper or lowercase.
Most commands are used to establish internal parameter values and interrogtheir current value. The parameter may be either a single-digit number refereas n, a multiple-digit number referenced as nnnnn, or a single ASCII character or string designated s or string. Syntax that appears in italics represents variable characters; this syntax varies depending on what information is being reques
Parameter values are interrogated by replacing the numeric parameter in thecommand string with a question mark (?) character, or by simply entering a carriage return immediately following the two-character command.
Overview Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-1
inated
). The ire a
. ase is
te, or splay
e
nder
Some commands do not have parameters associated with them and are termwith a carriage return.
Example 1:command SP ?
Example 2:command
The first example requests the receiver display the current parameter value(ssecond example demonstrates the syntax for a command that does not requparameter (i.e., RE, DC, DP, etc.).
Command actions are performed if the:
■ Command is valid
■ Parameter value is within the valid range
■ Parameter value or command is compatible with the present receiver configuration
■ Command or query can be executed immediately
Commands that do not follow these guidelines produce an error code.
Password Protection In providing a measure of security from unauthorized access to the receiver, a login password is provided. The factory default for the password is HOMEYDThe command and associated parameter syntax is such that the character cnot distinguished. The user is requested to change the password, using the password change (PC) command, if protection is desired.
Command Error Codes Command errors occur when a command has been mistyped, is inappropriacannot be immediately executed. The normal response of the receiver is to dione of the error codes/descriptions shown in Table 5-1.
Command Groups Most commands establish the operating characteristics of the receiver. Thescommands install permanent values into memory that remain in place unlesschanged by the operator. Operators should avoid changing configuration valuesunless they are certain of the result. Most of the operating parameters are established at the uplink at the time of installation and do not change except uspecific conditions.
Table 5-1 Error Codes/Descriptions
Error Description
ER 1 Command format error
ER 2 Parameter out of range
ER 3 Command not supported by configuration
ER 4 Command temporarily not supported
5-2 Password Protection Remote Monitor and Control Operation
mary sage the
ABR202 commands are grouped into nine functional areas:
■ L-band Demodulator
■ Channel Control
■ Audio Port
■ Data Ports
■ Relay Port
■ M&C Port
■ Alarm/Status
■ Front Panel
■ Miscellaneous
Table 5-2 through Table 5-13 list the commands and their description.
Note: The characteristics and use of each command group, along with a sumof commands in the group, are discussed in following sections. The detailed uand syntax of individual commands is presented in the alphabetical listing at end of this chapter.
Table 5-2 L-band Demodulator Commands
Command Description
AG AGC Gain Factor
AO Acquisition Offset Frequency
AQ Acquisition Mode
B1 Primary Search (Binning) Range
B2 Secondary Search (Binning) Range
B3 Overall Search (Binning) Range
CE Channel Error Rate
DC Display Configuration
DI Spectral Inversion
DQ Data Rate Query
EB Eb/No Signal Level Query
EM Eb/No Minimum Receive Level
EX Maximum Eb/No
LO Local Oscillator Offset
LT LNB Type
RB Read Calculated Bit Error Rate
RF Read RF Value
Command Groups Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-3
Table 5-3 Channel Control Commands
Command Description
CC Channel Configuration
FD Format Definition
FS Format Select
LA Logical Address Definition
LC Local Format Change Permission
NS Network Status
PD Preset Definition
Table 5-4 Audio Port Commands
Command Description
AP CS4922 Inputs (AES/EBU interface)
AS Audio Status
AT Audio Test
LR Left/Right Channel Toggle
M0 Eb/No Mute On
M1 Eb/No Mute Off
MU Audio Mute
VC Volume Control
Table 5-5 Data Port Commands
Command Description
P1 User Data Port Configuration
X1 Exercise User Data Port
5-4 Command Groups Remote Monitor and Control Operation
Table 5-6 Relay Port Commands
Command Description
CM Relay Contact Mapping
CO Relay Contact Control
CQ Relay Contact Query
CS Relay Contact Sense
Table 5-7 M&C Port Commands
Command Description
BY Bye-Logout
EE Echo Terminal Input
P2 M&C Port Configuration
PA Packet Address
PC Password Change
PO Packet-Only
X2 Exercise M&C Port
Table 5-8 Alarm/Status Commands
Command Description
AL Alarm Reporting
CF Clear Fault Register
ET Eb/No Alarm Threshold Level
FL Fault Query
HM Hex Mode
NF Number of RF Signal Fades
SI TTL Sensor Input Query
SL Audio Sync Loss Counter
Command Groups Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-5
SR Status Relay Mask
SS Status Relay Sense
ST Status Query
Table 5-9 Front Panel Commands
Command Description
OM ODU Fault Mask
Q0 Low Signal Quality Threshold Level
Q1 High Signal Quality Threshold Level
Table 5-10 Printer Port Commands
Command Description
P3 Printer Port Configuration
S1 Interface Select for Auxiliary Data
X3 Exercise Printer Data Port
Table 5-11 Miscellaneous Commands
Command Description
DE*
* Data is only available on the output if it is non-Musicam™ encoded composite data.
Composite Data Port Enable
DM Display Message
DP Display Parameters of Receiver
DX Decoder Data Source
EN Enable Network Data
ID Receiver ID Query
IG Verbose Mode
MR Master Reset
RE System Reset
Table 5-8 Alarm/Status Commands
Command Description
5-6 Command Groups Remote Monitor and Control Operation
Table 5-12 Terrestrial Backlink Commands
Command Description
AI Alarm Interval
F1 Fault Mask 1
F2 Fault Mask 2
T1 Backlink Telephone Number 1
T2 Backlink Telephone Backlink 2
TB Terrestrial Backlink
TI Telco Initialization
Table 5-13 Alphabetical Command Listing
Command Description
AG AGC Gain Factor
AI Alarm Interval
AL Alarm Reporting
AO Acquisition Offset Frequency
AP CS4922 Inputs (AES/EBU interface)
AQ Acquisition Mode
AS Audio Status
AT Audio Test
B1 Primary Search (Binning) Range
B2 Secondary Search (Binning) Range
B3 Overall Search (Binning) Range
BY Bye-Logout
CC Channel Configuration
CCD Channel Configuration with Data Rate
CE Channel Error Rate
CF Clear Fault Register
CM Relay Contact Mapping
CO Relay Contact Control
CQ Relay Contact Query
CS Relay Contact Sense
DC Display Configuration
DE* Composite Data Port Enable
DI Spectral Inversion
Command Groups Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-7
DP Display Parameters of Receiver
DQ Data Rate Query
DX Decoder Data Source
EB Eb/No Signal Level Query
EE Echo Terminal Input
EM Eb/No Minimum Receive Level
EN Enable Network Data
ET Eb/No Alarm Threshold Level
EX Maximum Eb/No
F1 Fault Mask 1
F2 Fault Mask 2
FD Format Definition
FL Fault Query
FS Format Select
HM Hex Mode
ID Receiver ID Query
IG Verbose Mode
LA Logical Address Definition
LC Local Format Change Permission
LO Local Oscillator Offset
LR Left/Right Channel Toggle
LT LNB Type
M0 Eb/No Mute On
M1 Eb/No Mute Off
MR Master Reset
MU Audio Mute
NF Number of RF Signal Fades
NS Network Status
OM ODU Fault Mask
P1 User Data Port Configuration
P2 M&C Port Configuration
P3 Printer Port Configuration
PA Packet Address
PC Password Change
PD Preset Definition
PO Packet-Only
Q0 Low Signal Quality Threshold Level
Table 5-13 Alphabetical Command Listing (continued)
Command Description
5-8 Command Groups Remote Monitor and Control Operation
Q1 High Signal Quality Threshold Level
RB Read Calculated Bit Error Rate
RE System Reset
RF Read RF Value
S1 Interface Select for Auxiliary Data
SI TTL Sensor Input Query
SL Audio Sync Loss Counter
SR Status Relay Mask
SS Status Relay Sense
ST Status Query
T1 Backlink Telephone Number 1
T2 Backlink Telephone Backlink 2
TB Terrestrial Backlink
TI Telco Initialization
X1 Exercise User Data Port
X2 Exercise M&C Port
X3 Exercise Printer Data Port
VC Volume Control
* Data is only available on the output if it is non-Musicam™ encoded composite data.
Table 5-13 Alphabetical Command Listing (continued)
Command Description
Command Groups Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-9
.
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Command Descriptionsin Alphabetical Order
Following is a list of commands with a detailed description of each commandItems in italics are variable syntax depending on what information is being requested.
AG AGC Gain Factor
Syntax: AG ?
The AG command displays the gain factor applied to the received RF signal.During normal operation, the gain factor is constantly adjusted to bring the baseband signal to the same level regardless of input signal power. A value oindicates no signal is present. A value of 0 indicates receive signal is too stro
AI Alarm Interval
Syntax: AI nAI ?
The alarm interval command allows the user to specify the length of time thereceiver waits between backlink attempts, and also allows the user to disablemonitoring for faults that may cause an attempt to establish a backlink. n specifies the length of time the receiver waits between backlink attempts when a fault detected. The range for n is 0 to 65535 minutes. A value of 0 for n disables the monitoring of faults, which prohibits the receiver from attempting any backlink
AL Alarm Reporting
Syntax: AL nAL ?
This command enables/disables the automatic reporting of alarms to the M&port. Acceptable parameter values are 1 to enable fault reporting and 0 to disfault reporting. This command has no effect on the operation of other commasuch as ST (status query) and FL (fault query). The status of the faults can smonitored by the FL query (?) command. The default value is 1 (enabled).
AO Acquisition Offset Frequency
Syntax: AO ?
The AO command is a query-only command that displays the value of the acquisition offset. The acquisition offset is used to optimize the power-on acquisition process. The acquisition offset value is used by the ABR202 in itscalculations for the frequency at which it will begin its search for the RF carriea power-on acquisition. The value of AO is automatically updated to the localoffset (LO) value if the LO value is ever greater than 50 kHz. On subsequentpower cycles, the ABR202 uses this offset value in AO to shorten the time neto find the RF carrier.
Upon a master reset initialization, AO will reset to a factory default based on unit’s particular measured frequency offset.
5-10 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
ional P 4922
e .
AP CS4922 Inputs
Syntax: AP nAP ?
This command allows the user to configure the AES/EBU interface. The AES/EBU provides a digital PCM audio output to the ABR202 Aux port. The interface operates according to the AES3-199X (ANSI S4.40-199X) interfacespecification, which allows transmission of control information along with the digital audio data stream.
The ABR202 uses the CS4922 digital transmitter manufactured by Crystal semiconductor. Of the two operating modes available to the CS4922, profess(PRO) mode operation is recommended over consumer (CON) mode. The Acommand allows users to program specific values at the input pins of the CSwhich will specify the control information to be transmitted.
The AP command is AP n, where n is the decimal equivalent of the bit map of thCS4922 control interface, shown in Table 5-14. The default value for AP is 15
Table 5-14 CS4922 Programming Inputs (PRO mode)
BitPosition
CS4922Pin Name Function n
0 C4\ Inverse of channel status bit 4 1
1 C5\ Inverse of channel status bit 5 2
2 C1\ Inverse of channel status bit 1 4
3 C6\ Inverse of channel status bit 6 8
4 C7\ Inverse of channel status bit 7 16
5 MODE1\ Inverse of channel status bit 9 32
6 CRE Sample address counter control 64
7 PROCON Professional or consumer mode selector 128
8 MODE2 Channel status bit 10 256
9 MODE3 Channel status bit 11 512
10 USER 0 Channel status bit 13 1024
11 USER 1 Channel status bit 14 2048
12 LOCK Channel status bit 15 4096
13 N/A N/A N/A
14 N/A N/A N/A
15 N/A N/A N/A
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-11
The inputs to the CS4922 are encoded as shown in Table 5-15.
Table 5-15 CS4922 Programming States
PinName
InputState
OptionSelected
C4\, C5\ 1,1*
* Default value
Receiver defaults to no emphasis, manual override enabled
0,0 CCITT J.17 emphasis, no override
1,0 50/15 usec emphasis, override disable
0,1 No emphasis, manual override disable
C1\ 0 Nonaudio mode
1* Normal audio mode
C6\, C7\ Sampling frequency bits hard coded
Sampling frequency not indicated, receiver defaults to 48 kHz with manual override or autosetting enabled
MODE1\ 0* Stereophonic mode, channel 1 is left, manual override is disabled
1 Used in conjunction with MODE2\ and MODE3\ pins
CRE N/A N/A
PROCON 0* Professional mode
1 Consumer mode
MODE2 and MODE3 when MODE1\=1
0,0* Not indicated; receiver defaults to Two Channel mode, manual override disabled
0,1 Two Channel
1,0 Single Channel
1,1 Primary/Secondary
USER0, USER1 0,0* None
1,0 192-bit block
0,1 None
1,1 User defined
LOCK 0* Lock
1 Unlock
5-12 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
iver
ction
ous , it
o
e
ved
-on cy. f the t
AQ Acquisition Mode
Syntax: AQ nAQ ?
This command is used to establish the acquisition type and to query the recefor the currently active acquisition type. The value of n specifies what type of acquisition the receiver is to perform. The query reports the receiver acquisition status. Table 5-14 is a listing of the acquisition types and the corresponding aor status that the types represent.
An acquisition mode of 0 indicates acquisition has been disabled or the previacquisition is complete. When the ABR202 achieves RF sync and audio syncsets the acquisition mode to 0 to indicate that the previous acquisition was successfully completed. An AQ 0 entered by the user instructs the ABR202 tdisable all acquisition processes.
Note: Entering a value of 0 for n will disable any acquisition in progress. The ABR202 will NOT begin a new acquisition until an AQ 1, AQ 2, or FS n is entered. Normally, disabling acquisition is not desirable.
A fade acquisition is automatically initiated whenever RF sync is lost while threceiver is locked onto a carrier. During a fade acquisition the ABR202 concentrates its search for the RF carrier at the frequency where it last achieRF sync, based on the B1 and B2 values.
A power-on acquisition occurs any time the ABR202 is power cycled. A poweracquisition begins its search for the RF carrier at the start acquisition frequenThe start acquisition frequency is calculated by the ABR202 using the value oRF parameter defined in the channel configuration (CC) command. The offsevalue specified in the acquisition offset (AO) command is also added to the calculated start acquisition frequency.
Table 5-14 Acquisition Type, Action, Status
Type Action Status
0 Disable acquisition Acquisition disabled/complete
1 Initiate fade acquisition Fade acquisition in progress
2 Initiate power-on acquisition Power-on acquisition in progress
5 None Channel change acquisition in progress
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-13
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ier
he O RF
r. If de
be
s value the o to
A channel change acquisition is performed when the ABR202 is locked to onecarrier or RF channel and is then instructed to switch to another RF carrier. TABR202 is instructed to switch to a new channel via the format select (FS) command, not the AQ command. The FS command must be used since it programs the receiver with all of the channel parameters for the new RF carrneeded by the ABR202 to achieve RF and audio sync on the new RF carrier.
Since the ABR202 is already locked onto an RF carrier, it has knowledge of toffsets present in the system. It uses this offset value, which is stored in the Lcommand, in its calculations for the frequency at which it searches for the newcarrier. The ABR202 will only search one frequency bin for the new RF carriethe RF carrier is not found within this first bin, then the ABR202 performs a faacquisition using the frequency where it last achieved RF and audio sync.
A detailed description of the ABR202 binning and acquisition processes can found in the chapter on Functional Description and Theory of Operation.
AS Audio Status
Syntax: AS ?
This command queries the receiver for the current audio status. If the audio ienabled, a value of 0 is returned. If the audio is disabled (muted), a nonzero is returned. The value returned when audio is disabled is a weighted sum of conditions causing the audio to be disabled. The conditions causing the audimute are mapped as shown in Table 5-15.
Table 5-15 Muted Conditions for Audio
Mute Condition Weight (hex) Weight (dec)
No RF sync 0x01 1
Low Rb/No 0x02 2
Internal Mute (MU=1) 0x04 4
No audio sync 0x08 8
Not authorized to receive audio 0x10 16
System mute 0x20 32
5-14 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
n for
ency er is
e is the nge.
the und
AT Audio Test
Syntax: AT nAT ?
The n in the syntax above is the number of the audio test to be performed.
The audio test command selects the available audio test that the digital audiosignal processor can perform. Valid number values are 0 and 1, as shown inTable 5-16.
When operating these commands from the M&C port, the selected test will ru2 minutes or until an AT 0 command is entered.
Table 5-17 provides detailed performance specifications for the audio tests.
B1 Primary Search (Binning) Range
Syntax: B1 ?
The B1 command is a query-only command that returns the value of the frequrange that will be searched for the primary (B1) bin. The value of this parametdetermined by the symbol rate and is given in units of kHz.
B1 and B2 are used together. When performing fade acquisition, the B1 rangsearched first for the carrier signal. If the carrier is not found in the B1 range,range indicated by the B2 parameter is searched above and below the B1 raAfter the search of a B2 range, the B1 range is searched again.
When all B2 ranges have been searched within the user-specified acquisitionrange limit (B3) without finding the carrier, the search pattern is repeated frombeginning. A detailed description of the ABR202 acquisition process can be foin the chapter on Functional Description and Theory of Operation.
Table 5-16 Audio Built-In Self-Tests
Number Test
0 None, normal operating status
1 1 kHz tone, both channels
Table 5-17 Audio Test Performance Specifications
Test Frequency Output Level Termination
AT1 1.00 kHz +4.00 dBm 100 K ohm
AT1 1.00 kHz -1.3 dBm 600 ohm
AT1 1.00 kHz -8.9 dBm 150 ohm
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-15
ency
. It f the ch e
e
units .
rrier. ning.
B2 Secondary Search (Binning) Range
Syntax: B2 ?
The B2 command is a query-only command that returns the value of the frequrange that will be searched upon a fade acquisition for the secondary (B2) bin.
The value of B2 is determined by the symbol rate and is given in units of kHzdenotes the frequency range to search for the carrier outside the B1 range. Icarrier has not been located when all the B2 ranges are exhausted, the searbegins again. A detailed description of the ABR202 acquisition process can bfound in the chapter on Functional Description and Theory of Operation.
B3 Overall Search (Binning) Range
Syntax: B3 nnnnB3 ?
The B3 command is used to specify the maximum frequency range that will bsearched when the ABR202 is attempting to acquire the carrier in either installation or fade acquisition mode. Valid values are between 0 and 4000 in of kHz offset from the RF frequency plus the acquisition offset defined by AOThe ? parameter causes the current B3 value to be displayed.
The default values are 3,000 when operating with a DRO LNB and 100 whenoperating with a PLL LNB.
The nnnn parameter denotes the overall frequency range to search for the caWhen this value is reached, the acquisition search is repeated from the beginA detailed description of the ABR202 acquisition process can be found in thechapter on Functional Description and Theory of Operation.
BY Bye-Logout
Syntax: BY
This command performs a manual logout. The receiver automatically logs out after five minutes of inactivity at the M&C port.
CC Channel Configuration
Syntax: CCChannel_n,RF_nnnn,RR_nnnn,RM_n,RC_n,RSC_nCC Channel_n,ZAPCC Channel_n ?CC ?
5-16 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
he
d e
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.
yntax
C ?, to
This command sets or displays the configuration for the specified channel. Tchannel number is used in defining the required parameters for a particular channel. Access to a given channel is provided via the format definition (FD) command and the format select (FS) commands. A channel configuration anformat definition must be successfully defined before the ABR202 can receivaudio. Table 5-18 lists the parameters and a description of each.
For example, the following command configures channel 1 for a Ku-band frequency of 11,700,000 kHz, 256000 symbol rate, QPSK operation, sequenrate 1/2 coding, and no Reed-Solomon coding.
CC 1,11700000,256000,1
The ZAP parameter clears the RF, RR, RM, RC, and RSC parameters for thespecified channel. If this parameter is used, the channel is no longer defined
To display the parameters associated with a given channel number, use the sCC channel_number ?.
To display the channel configuration of all defined channels, use the syntax Cor just CC. After a master reset of the ABR202, there are no values assignedany of the CC parameters.
Table 5-18 Parameter Descriptions
Parameter Description
Channel_n Channel number to be configured. Valid channel numbers are 0 through 31. This value must correspond to the channel identifier (CI) programmed into the encoder/mux at the uplink.
RF_nnnn Specifies the RF input frequency to be received by the ODU LNB. The range of valid receive frequencies are:
■ C-band 3.7 to 4.2 GHz■ Ku-band 10.95 to 11.699 GHz, 11.7 to 12.2 GHz, and 12.25 to
12.75 GHzAll values are entered in increments of 1000 Hz (1 kHz). For:
■ Ku-band: 8 digits for nnnn■ C-band: 7 digits for nnnn
RR_nnnn Specifies the receive symbol rate (symbol/sec). Valid symbol rates are: 64000, 96000, 112000, 128000, 192000, 256000, 384000, 512000.
RM_n Specifies the receive modulation type: 0 = BPSK, 1 = QPSK
RC_n*
* If no RC value is entered, the default value is 1 for rate ½ Sequential. If no RSC_n value is entered, then the default value of 0 (uncoded) is used.
Optional field; specifies the inner convolutional coding rate and method. 0 = uncoded; 1 = rate ½ Sequential; 2 = rate ¾ Sequential; 3 = rate 1/2 Viterbi; 4 = rate 2/3 Viterbi; 5 = rate ¾ Viterbi
RSC_n* Optional field; specifies the outer block code rate; 0 = no block coding; 1 = DVB compliant rate 188/204; 2 = non-DVB mode rate 187/204
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-17
he terbi
0-9).
ults. orted
ars
elay ained e via e.
ue ned
CCD Channel Configuration with Data Rate
Syntax: CCDChannel_n,RF_nnnn,RR_nnnn,RM_n,RC_n,RSC_nCCD Channel_n,ZAPCCD Channel_n ?CCD ?
The CCD command is identical to the CC command with the exception of theRR_nnnn parameter. For CCD, the RR_nnnn parameter represents the data rate(bits/sec) rather than the symbol rate. This command was added to simplify tuse of the new coding rates and methods (i.e., sequential 3/4, Viterbi, and ViReed-Solomon), which have symbol rates that are difficult to calculate.
CE Channel Error Rate
Syntax: CE ?CE
This query-only command provides the current calculated channel error rate, coded so that 65 = 6x10-5. The lowest channel error rate displayed is 09 (0x1
CF Clear Fault Register
Syntax: CF nn
This command clears the Fault Register and permits re-reporting of active faOnce a fault is set and reported, no further occurrences of the fault will be repuntil the fault is reset.
Parameter values for nn are integers in the range of 0 to 32, inclusive. CF 0 cleall active faults. Other values for nn correspond to the bit number of a fault as defined in the fault register. The FL and ST command descriptions contain a complete list of all fault code bit numbers.
CM Relay Contact Mapping
Syntax: CM channel_n,r1,r2,r3,r4,r5,r6,r7,r8CM channel_n ?
This command allows the receiver to be configured to provide a mapping of rcontacts at the uplink to relay contacts at the receiver. A contact map is maintfor each channel number and is recalled whenever channel changes are madthe FS command. Values for the channel number range from 0 to 31, inclusiv
Parameters r1 through r8 correspond to the eight receiver relays. r1 corresponds to receiver relay 1 mapping, r8 corresponds to receiver relay 8 mapping. The valof r1 through r8 represents the relay input at the uplink that is physically assigto operate the designated receiver relay. Acceptable values for r1 through r8 are 1 to 16, where 1 is the first uplink relay input and 16 the most significant relay input. The default mapping for CM is 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 for all formats.
5-18 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
en
ated g that he
not
from
Example:
CM 3,3,2,1,4,5,6,10,7 will perform the relay mapping shown in Table 5-19 whchannel 3 is selected via the FS command.
CO Relay Contact Control
Syntax: CO stringCO ?
This command allows the receiver relays to be temporarily activated/ deactivfor test purposes. The string in the command line is an 8-byte character strincontrols the state of each relay. The first character controls relay number 1, tsecond controls relay number 2, and so on. Valid characters in the string are shown in Table 5-20.
The default setting is CO XXXXXXXX.
For example, the following command activates relay contacts 1, 4, and 5 whilechanging the other contacts.
CO 1XX11XXX
Note: Ensure that settings are returned to X so relay closures are controlled the uplink. If this does not occur, the relay closures will remain in the state specified by the CO command.
Table 5-19 Example Relay Mapping
Uplink Relay Input Receiver Relay
3 1
2 2
1 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
10 7
7 8
Table 5-20 Valid String Characters and Descriptions
Character Description
0 Deactivates a relay
1 Activates a relay
X Relay action based on uplink relay input
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-19
y is eiver
s.
last
it.
d
urn, acter
CQ Relay Contact Query
Syntax: CQ ?
This command queries the receiver for the physical state of the relay contactclosures. The value returned is an eight-character value, each character representing the status of an individual relay. A 0 for a relay indicates the relaopen, a 1 indicates the relay is closed. The first character corresponds to recrelay contact 1, the last character corresponds to relay 8.
CS Relay Contact Sense
Syntax: CS stringCS ?
This command controls the normal (deactivated) position for the control relayThe string is a character string, with each character position controlling the normal state of a single relay. The first character position controls relay 1, thecharacter controls relay 8. An individual 1 character indicates the relay is normally closed and that the relay is activated by opening it. An individual 0 indicates the relay is normally open and that the relay is activated by closing
The default value for CS is 00000000 (all normally open).
DC Display Configuration of Receiver
Syntax: DC ?DC
This command displays a summary output of the present control software ansymbol rate configuration of the receiver as follows:
ComStream Digital Audio Broadcast Receiver ABR202
Software Version: X.XXXVariable Rate: 64, 96, 112, 128, 192, 256, 384 kbps
The DC command is valid in ASCII-mode only.
DM Display Message
Syntax: DM Pn,string
This command provides a means of sending an ASCII character string to thedesignated output port. Valid range for port number n is P1 (user data port), P2 (M&C port), or P3 (printer data port). The string terminates with a carriage retwhich executes the command and is not part of the string. A vertical bar char( | ) can be used to force the output of a carriage return to the port.
5-20 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
are mat o
lue
. A tor rnal oder.
valid ing band nc.
state
udio
DP Display Parameters of Receiver
Syntax: DP ?DP
This command requests a summary output of all command parameters that single valued. Commands that have multiple parameter sets, such as FD (fordefinition) and CM (relay contact mapping), are not displayed. DP requires nparameter and is equivalent to issuing a query for every available command.
The DP command is valid in ASCII-mode only.
DQ Data Rate Query
Syntax: DQ ?
This command queries the receiver for the current channel data rate. The vareturned is the data rate in bits per second.
DX Decoder Data Source
Syntax: DX nDX ?
This command selects the input source for the audio decoder on the ABR202value of 0 for n instructs the receiver to use the output of the L-band demodulaas the input to the audio decoder. 1 or 2 instructs the receiver to use the extedata input on the auxiliary port (pins 3, 7, 10, 14) as the input to the audio dec
The interface operates at RS-422 electrical levels and requires the data to beon the falling edge of the clock. When DX is set to 1, it will be overridden durcarrier acquisition to ensure that the input to the audio decoder is from the L-demodulator. This allows the receiver to monitor the incoming composite datastream for the proper network/channel ID needed to achieve RF and audio sy
Once RF and audio sync have been achieved, the DX command returns to theit was in prior to the start of carrier acquisition. If DX is set to 2, the receiver disables all carrier acquisition processes and will not switch the input to the adecoder from the auxiliary port under any circumstance.
Refer to Figure 2-7 for a graphic illustration of this command.
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-21
t to
o and
n
uting ,
cter lue
. .
iary
s 0.
EB Eb/No Signal Level Query
Syntax: EB ?EB
This command queries the receiver for the present energy per bit with respecnoise (Eb/No) in a 1 Hz bandwidth on the channel.
An estimate of the Eb/No is returned in the range of 3 dB to 20 dB. The Eb/Nvalue is in 0.1 dB steps with an accuracy of ±0.5 dB in the range between 4.010 dB. This value is valid approximately 20 seconds after ABR202 acquisitioand is updated every five seconds.
Note: The maximum Eb/No value for all Viterbi rates is 11.5 dB.
The Eb/No value can be used to initiate several receiver functions, such as maudio (see M0 and M1 commands), activating the Eb/No threshold (ET) alarmand setting the condition of the front panel signal indicator (Q0 and Q1).
EE Echo Terminal Input
Syntax: EE nEE ?
This command specifies whether characters input to the M&C port on the ABR202 are echoed at the M&C port output. Echoing sends back each charareceived so that it appears on the display of the M&C port CRT terminal. A vaof 0 disables the echo. A value of 1, which is the default, enables the echo.
EM Eb/No Minimum Receive Level
Syntax: EM 0EM ?
This command queries the receiver for the minimum Eb/No value that was measured since the last time the minimum value was reset.
EM 0 resets the minimum value of Eb/No to the highest possible Eb/No valueThe minimum value is not affected if the receiver loses lock. The default is 20
EN Enable Network Data
Syntax: EN nEN ?
The EN command is used to select the type of data to be output on the auxildata pins of the printer data port (pins 2 and 3).
A value of 0 disables the output of network ID data. The default value for EN iA value of 1 for n enables the output of the network ID information.
5-22 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
s
-16 so ied ion, and.
ort using
ter an s.
-or the
ck to
/No the
ince h
The network ID information is generated at the uplink multiplexer and containnetwork ID, channel ID, and relay control information. This network ID information is used to support an external relay control unit (RCU). The RCUprovides up to 16 relay contact closures. The output of the network data is alconditioned on the unit authorization (UA command) of the receiver as specifin the FD command. If the receiver is not authorized to receive relay informatthe network ID data output is disabled regardless of the state of the EN comm
A value of 2 for n instructs the receiver to output the user data on the printer ppins instead of the user data port pins, which provides the user the option of the printer data port RS-422 electrical interface for the user data output. For information on switching between the RS-232 and RS-422 drivers for the prindata output, refer to the S1 command of this appendix. The RS-422 drivers calso be used with the network ID information and the user defined data block
A value of 3 for n enables the output of the user-defined data block. This userdefined data block is a generic block type that is made available to the user fuser-specific needs. This data block is generated by the user and is input at uplink multiplexer by a user-supplied DTE. This data block must follow the ComStream Block Transfer Protocol. The receiver outputs the entire data bloa user-supplied DTE at the remote site.
ET Eb/No Alarm Threshold Level
Syntax: ET n.mET ?
This command configures the receiver for a minimum Eb/No threshold. An Ebthreshold error is generated whenever the value of Eb/No is strictly less thanET value. The format for the number is n.m, where 0 < n ≤ 20 and 0 ≤ m ≤ 9. The default value is 3.5.
EX Maximum Eb/No
Syntax: EX 0EX ?
This command queries the receiver for the maximum Eb/No value recorded sthe last maximum value was reset. The format of the command is EX 0, whicresets the maximum value of Eb/No to the lowest possible Eb/No value.
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-23
o be
the
e
f the F1 g the
mpt
o be
the
e
f the F2 g the
F1 Fault Mask 1
Syntax: F1 nnnF1 ?
The F1 command specifies the faults that will trigger a backlink attempt to theuser-defined number specified in T1.
The value of nnn is a decimal number that represents the bit map of the faults tmonitored by the terrestrial backlink (TB).
For example:
To select faults 6, 7, and 8, the user enters 224 (32 + 64 + 128 = 224) asvalue for n.
(For a listing of the fault monitors and their decimal weightings, refer to thfault query [FL] command in this chapter.)
The ABR202 compares the faults specified in this command with the value oreceiver's current fault history (FL command). If any of the faults specified in are also a member of the receiver's fault history, a backlink is attempted usinnumber specified in T1. The default value for this command is 0.
F2 Fault Mask 2
Syntax: F2 nnnF2 ?
The fault mask 2 command specifies the faults that will trigger a backlink atteto the user-defined number specified in T2.
The value of nnn is a decimal number that represents the bit map of the faults tmonitored by the terrestrial backlink.
For example:
To select faults 6, 7, and 8, the user enters 224 (32 + 64 + 128 = 224) asvalue for n.
(For a listing of the fault monitors and their decimal weightings, refer to thfault query [FL] command in this chapter.)
The ABR202 compares the faults specified in this command with the value oreceiver's current fault history (FL command). If any of the faults specified in are also a member of the receiver's fault history, a backlink is attempted usinnumber specified in T2. The default value for this command is 0.
5-24 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
rk, 0 to
tch
r:
FD Format Definition
Syntax: FD format_nn,network_ID_nnn,channel_nn,unit_authorization_n,LR_value,MU_valueFD format_nn,ZAPFD format_nn ?FD format_nnFD ?FD
This command configures the specified format number for a particular netwoRF channel, and unit authorization value. Valid values for format numbers are63. Valid network values are 0 to 255.
Note that the network ID and channel ID within the format definition must mathe configuration of the uplink audio encoder. Channel_nn corresponds to the channel number as defined by the CC command. The valid range is 0 to 31.
The unit authorization (UA) selects what services are output from the receiveaudio, data, and relay contact closures. The authorization bit map is shown inTable 5-21, and the UA value and active ports are shown in Table 5-22.
Table 5-21 Authorization Bit Map
Bit Position Authorization
Bit 0 0-audio disable, 1-audio enable
Bit 1 0-user data disable, 1-user data enable
Bit 2 0-relay port disable, 1-relay port enable
Table 5-22 UA Value and Active Ports
UA Active Ports
0 None
1 Audio only
2 User data only
3 Audio and user data
4 Relay port only
5 Audio and relay port
6 Data and relay port
7 Audio, data, and relay port
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-25
tion
hese t is in
d. t d
odes are igned
he e iven
e per
Example:
To define format 6 to be assigned to network 1, RF channel 3, with authorizato receive audio and relay closures (UA Value 5 of Table 5-22) the following parameters are used:
FD 6,1,3,5
The left/right channel toggle (LR) and audio mute (MU) values are optional values. If no values are entered for these parameters when entering the FD command, then the LR (left/right toggle command) and MU (mute command)values are not modified when this format is selected via the FS command. If tvalues are entered, then the LR and MU values are modified when this formaselected using the FS command. Refer to the LR and MU command sectionsthis chapter for acceptable values or more information.
To display all active format definitions, use the FD command followed by a carriage return. To delete a format definition, the parameter value ZAP is useOnce a format is defined, the configuration is made operational via the formaselect (FS) command. The RF channel that is used, along with the associatereceiver parameters, are specified by the channel number within the format definition. The default value is not defined.
FL Fault Query
Syntax: FL ?FLFL 0
This command queries the receiver for the fault history of the receiver. Fault c(numbers) and response values are retained in a fault register until the faultscleared using the CF command. Each bit and associated fault weight are assto a particular fault indication. The fault/status map is shown in Table 5-23. Tbits in the fault register are identical to those in the status register. (For moreinformation, refer to the ST command section in this chapter.) If the hex mod(HM) is enabled (1), then the output is displayed in the hexadecimal format gin Table 5-23, with all bits displayed that are set.
If the hex mode is disabled (default), then the output value is the decimal summation of all set fault bits.
For example, if faults 17 and 18 are active, the returned value for the FL ? command is 196608 (decimal) or 0x00030000 (hex).
If the command format FL 0 is used, then each fault number is displayed, ondisplay line. Thus, for the above example, an FL 0 results in:
FL 17FL 18
A detailed description of what each fault means is provided in the chapter onMaintenance and Troubleshooting.
5-26 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
Table 5-23 Fault Summary
Fault Number Fault Description Hex Weight Decimal Weight
1 Not used 0x00000001 1
2 Not used 0x00000002 2
3 Not used 0x00000004 4
4 Not used 0x00000008 8
5 AGC Range Fault 0x00000010 16
6 Bit Time Lock Fault 0x00000020 32
7 Carrier Tracking Lock Fault 0x00000040 64
8 FEC Decoder Sync Fault 0x00000080 128
9 Acquisition Range Fault 0x00000100 256
10 Carrier Tracking Range Fault 0x00000200 512
11 Not used 0x00000400 1024
12 Bit Time Range Fault 0x00000800 2048
13 Nonvolatile Memory Fault 0x00001000 4096
14 Not used 0x00002000 8192
15 Not used 0x00004000 16384
16 Watchdog Timer Fault 0x00008000 32768
17 Audio PLL Lock Fault 0x00010000 65536
18 Audio Decoder Sync Fault 0x00020000 131072
19 DSP Watchdog Fault 0x00040000 262144
20 DSP Bit Failure 0x00080000 524288
21 Sensor Input 4-External Alarm Monitoring
0x00100000 1048576
22 Sensor Input 5-External Alarm Monitoring
0x00200000 2097152
23 Sensor Input 6-External Alarm Monitoring
0x00400000 4194304
24 Outdoor Unit Fault 0x00800000 8388608
25 Eb/No Threshold Fault 0x01000000 16777216
26 Not used 0x02000000 33554432
27 EPROM Checksum Fault 0x04000000 67108864
28 S/W Download Failure 0x08000000 134217728
29 Channel Change Fault 0x10000000 268435456
30 Network ID Timeout Fault 0x20000000 536870912
31 Acquisition Network ID Fault 0x40000000 1073741824
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-27
at ers
S 1.
t.
ver ach
ogical
.
FS Format Select
Syntax: FS format_nnFS ?
This command configures the receiver to the parameters specified in the formdefinition that corresponds to the format number. Valid values for format numbare 0 to 63. An FS ? returns the format in operation.
For example, assume the current format is 1. An FS command would return FTo change to format 2, enter FS 2. The default value is not defined. Differentauthorizations can be created using the same channel number and switch betweenthe authorizations without the momentary interruption of audio.
HM Hex Mode
Syntax: HM nHM ?HM
This command assigns the display format for the ST and FL commands to bedecimal or hexadecimal. Valid values for n are 0, hex mode disabled (display decimal format), or 1, hex mode enabled. A query displays the current forma
ID Receiver ID Query
Syntax: ID ?
This command displays the ABR202 ID serial number, which is used for individual unit addressing. The number should be identical to the unit serial number as displayed on the label at the rear of the chassis.
LA Logical Address Definition
Syntax: LA nn,address_nnnnnLA ?LA
This command allows the receiver to respond to logical addresses received othe network control channel. Up to 32 logical addresses can be assigned to ereceiver. The valid range for address_nnnnn is 1 to 16383. An individual 0 for theaddress clears the logical address assignment. The receiver responds to all laddresses assigned and its unique physical address (unit ID).
The default value is No Logical Addresses Assigned.
Example:
The following command configures logical address 3 to 9312. The remote receiver will then act upon network control messages addressed to unit 9312
LA 3,9312
5-28 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
ernal .
L
cy sents de the dge
iver will
ls
els
LC Local Format Change Permission
Syntax: LC nLC ?
This command allows the receiver channel to be configured via the three extTTL inputs and works in conjunction with the preset definition (PD) command
A value of 1 enables the receiver to enact format changes via the external TTinputs. A 0 disables this feature. The default value is 0.
LO Local Oscillator Offset
Syntax: LO ?LO
The LO value represents the difference between the start acquisition frequenand the frequency where the carrier was actually located. The LO value reprethe sum of the offsets that are present at the receive site. These offsets incluoffset present in the LO of the LNB and the LO of the receiver. With a knowleof the actual offsets present at the receive site, the ABR202 can optimize its acquisition process. When performing a channel change acquisition, the receuses the offset specified in the LO value to calculate the frequency at which itstart its search for the new RF carrier.
LR Left/Right Channel Toggle
Syntax: LR nLR ?
The LR command configures the receiver so that the receiver directs the:
■ Incoming left audio channel to both the left and right audio output channe
or
■ Incoming right audio channel to both the left and right audio output chann
The value for n determines the output of the left and right audio channels. Thedefault value for LR is 0. Table 5-24 provides the valid values for n.
Table 5-24 Valid Values for the LR Command
n Audio Output Status
0 Normal output. Left input goes out on the left channel, and the right input goes out on the right channel.
1 Reversed output. Left input goes out on the right channel, and the right input goes out on the left channel.
2 Left input goes out on both the right and left channels.
3 Right input goes out on both the left and right channels.
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-29
er
. nd, to
n
The e.
ignal t ed
LT LNB Type
Syntax: LT nLT ?
The LNB-type command allows the user to select a mode in which the receivautomatically selects the LNB type.
The selection of the proper LNB type modifies receiver parameters that are needed to perform carrier tracking properly. The two types of LNBs that are used at the remote site system are DRO and PLL. A value of 0 for n configures the receiver for a DRO-type LNB, whereas a value of 1 for n configures the receiver for a PLL-type LNB.
A value of 2 for n instructs the receiver to automatically select the type of LNBThe receiver uses the current modulation type, as specified in the CC commadetermine for which LNB type to configure. If the current modulation type is BPSK, the receiver configures for a DRO-type LNB, whereas if the modulatiotype is QPSK, the receiver configures for a PLL-type LNB. The receiver automatically selects the LNB type prior to every RF acquisition attempted.
M0 Eb/No Mute On
Syntax: M0 n.nM0 ?
This command mutes the output audio based on the received signal strength(Eb/No) and is used in conjunction with M1, which enables the output audio. audio is muted when the Eb/No value is at or below the specified Eb/No valu
The default value for M0 is 4.0. Valid range is 0.1 to < M1 value.
M1 Eb/No Mute Off
Syntax: M1 n.nM1 ?
This command allows for unmuting the output audio based on the received sstrength, Eb/No. It is used in conjunction with the M0, which mutes the outpuaudio. The audio is unmuted when the Eb/No value is at or above the specifiEb/No value. The default value for M1 is 4.5. Valid range is > M0 to 20.0.
5-30 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
0
er
gs. ver ed.
ft
e
last nter.
MR Master Reset
Syntax: MR nMR ?
The value of n determines the type of reinitialization that will occur. A value of reinitializes the receiver for a DRO LNB, whereas a value of 1 instructs the receiver to reinitialize for a PLL LNB. As a safety feature, two identical MR commands must be issued within 10 seconds of each other before the receivbegins to reinitialize its parameters.
Note: This command initializes all ABR202 parameters to factory default settinAll user-specific configuration information (i.e., FD, CC) are lost. For the receito achieve RF and audio sync, this user-specific information must be re-enter
MU Audio Mute
Syntax: MU nMU ?
The audio mute command now includes independent muting (disabling) of leand right audio channels.
The value for n determines the mute condition of the receiver. The default valufor MU is 0. Valid values for n are listed in Table 5-25.
NF Number of RF Signal Fades
Syntax: NF ?NFNF 0
This command displays the number of RF signal fades since the counter wascleared. Channel changes do not increment this counter. NF 0 resets the cou
Table 5-25 Valid Values for the MU Command
n Mute Condition
0 Both the left and right channels are enabled
1 Both the left and right channels are muted
2 The left channel is muted
3 The right channel is muted
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-31
ntrol ct
est .
ters
e unit
NS Network Status
Syntax: NS ?NS
This command displays the current network parameters received over the cochannel. The network ID number, the channel ID number, and the relay contaclosure status are displayed.
OM ODU Fault Mask
Syntax: OM nOM ?OM
This command controls the indication of an ODU Fault. A 1 enables the ODUFault indicator; 0 disables the ODU Fault indicator; the default value is 1. This command is typically used (i.e., OM 0) when the RF input is connected to a ttranslator or similar equipment in which the ABR202 +18 V output is not usedThis configuration normally causes an ODU fault indicated in ST and FL regissince no current is drawn by the RF output of the first ABR.
P1 User Data Port Configuration
Syntax: P1 baud,parity,data bits,stop bitsP1 ?P1
This command configures the user data port for the specified operating parameters. Valid values for these parameters are shown in Table 5-26.
A 0 for the baud rate parameter disables the user data port independent of thauthorization. The default value is 2400,O,7,1.
Table 5-26 Valid Parameter Values for the P1 Command
Parameter Valid Values
Baud 0,300,1200,2400,4800,9600
Parity O (odd), N (none), or E (even)
Data bits 7 or 8
Stop bits 1 or 2
5-32 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
lid
This
P2 M&C Port Configuration
Syntax: P2 baud,parity,data bits,stop bitsP2 ?
This command configures the diagnostic port for the specified parameters. Vavalues for these parameters are shown in Table 5-27.
The default value is 2400,O,7,1.
Note: This setting affects both RS-232 and RS-485 drivers and receivers.
P3 Printer Port Configuration
Syntax: P3 baud,parity,data bits,stop bitsP3 ?
This command configures the printer data port for the specified parameters. function is implemented on the user data port. For information on the pinoutsused, refer to the appendix on Interface Pinouts. Valid values for the P3 parameters are shown in Table 5-28.
The default value is 2400,O,7,1.
Note: This setting affects both RS-232 and RS-422 drivers and receivers.
Table 5-27 Valid Parameter Values for the P2 Command
Parameter Valid Values
Baud 0,300,1200,2400,4800,9600,19200
Parity O (odd), N (none), or E (even)
Data bits 7 or 8
Stop bits 1 or 2
Table 5-28 Valid Parameter Values for the P3 Command
Parameter Valid Values
Baud 0,300,1200,2400,4800,9600
Parity O (odd), N (none), or E (even)
Data bits 7 or 8
Stop bits 1 or 2
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-33
ddress to an cket
y ceiver
word
ter
wer .
The
eiver
1
PA Packet Address
Syntax: PA nPA ?
This command is used to set the packet address of the receiver. The packet ais the external device address to which the receiver responds when attachedRS-485 multidrop bus. Using a terminal program that supports ComStream paprotocol, each receiver on the bus can receive commands that are specificalladdressed to that receiver, addressed to a group of receivers (of which the reis a member), or addressed to all receivers.
Valid values for n are 1 to 31 and the default value is 31.
PC Password Change
Syntax: PC current password,new password,new password
This command allows the user to change the password of the receiver. A passmust be between five and 10 alphanumeric characters.
Example:
To change the default password HOMEYD to the new password ABC123, enthe following:
PC HOMEYD, ABC123, ABC123
Caution: Do not forget that changes made to the password, upon logoff or pocycle, require the entry of the password to access any other user commands
PD Preset Definition
Syntax: PD preset_n,format_nPD preset_n ?PD
This command allows the receiver to be configured for eight format presets. presets are used in conjunction with the receiver's external status inputs in selecting formats. The LC command enables or disables the ability of the recto change formats via presets.
The valid range for preset_n is 0 to 7, and the valid range for format_n is 0 to 63. By using the external TTL inputs, the user can select the desired preset. SI3through SI1 (pins 11, 10, 9 relay control port) have internal 4.7 K pull-up resistors. A dry closure to ground (pin 25) creates a logical address of 0, and a represents an open circuit (no connection).
5-34 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
.
the
rop in
for
xt
rt
The TTL input mappings to particular preset settings are shown in Table 5-29
PO Packet-Only
Syntax: PO nPO ?
The packet-only command is used to place the receiver in a mode so that thereceiver will only accept commands from the M&C port that are formatted in ComStream packet protocol format. ComStream packet protocol contains addressing information that allows the ABR202 to be placed on a 485 multidbus. When on a multidrop bus, it is recommended that the receiver be placedpacket-only mode to eliminate the possibility of the receiver responding to a command that was not addressed to it.
A value of 1 for n directs the receiver to accept packet commands. A value of 0 n instructs the receiver to accept packet, as well as nonpacket, formatted commands. The default is 0.
Caution: Once the receiver is set to Packet Only mode (PO = 1) all further communication (including commands to exit packet mode) must be in ComStream Packet Protocol. Attempts to communicate in standard ASCII tewill be ignored.
To escape from inadvertent entry into Packet Only mode, refer to the M&C poreset procedure in the chapter on System Installation and Startup.
Table 5-29 TTL Input Mapping
TTL Inputs Preset NumberSI3 SI2 SI1
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 2
0 1 1 3
1 0 0 4
1 0 1 5
1 1 0 6
1 1 1 7
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-35
eiver ength f the e
eiver ength
ents
Q0 Low Signal Quality Threshold Level
Syntax: Q0 n.nQ0 ?Q0
This command sets or reads the lower limit signal strength threshold. The recuses the values set in Q0 and Q1 to report the current status of the signal strvia the front panel Signal indicator. The receiver compares the present value omeasured Eb/N0 with the user values of Q0 and Q1. The receiver displays thsignal strength via the front panel Signal indicator, as shown in Table 5-30.
The default value for Q0 is 4.0 dB.
Q1 High Signal Quality Threshold Level
Syntax: Q1 n.nQ1 ?Q1
This command sets or reads the upper limit signal strength threshold. The recuses the values set in Q0 and Q1 to report the current status of the signal strvia the front panel Signal indicator.
The default value for Q1 is 7.0 dB.
RB Read Calculated Bit Error Rate
Syntax: RB ?RB
This query displays the decoder estimated output bit error rate in the format n.n which represents the estimated bit error rate in scientific notation. The first number represents the integer portion of the rate. The second number represthe negative of the exponent (i.e., 26 represents 2 x 10-6, or 0.000002).
Table 5-30 Signal Strength and Sync LED Indication
Signal Strength Sync LED Indication
Eb > Q1 On
Q0 < Eb < Q1 Blinking
Eb < Q0 Off
5-36 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
he
input are
Hz. and.
for
e atus of
ot
RE System Reset
Syntax: RE
The RE command resets the unit to a known state as defined by the stored parameters in nonvolatile memory. This command does not reset the unit to tfactory default settings.
RF Read RF Value
Syntax: RF ?RF
The RF command queries the C- or Ku-band frequency to be received at the of the ODU LNB. The range of downlink frequencies received by the ABR2023.7 to 4.2 GHz, 10.95 to 11.699 GHz, 11.7 to 12.2 GHz, and 12.25 to 12.75 GThe RF frequency is set via the CC command and selected via the FS comm
S1 Interface Select for Printer Data
Syntax: S1 nS1 ?
The S1 command selects the electrical interface for the printer data port.
A value of 0 for n selects the RS-232 electrical interface, whereas a value of 1 n selects the RS-422 electrical interface.
SI TTL Sensor Input Query
Syntax: SI ?
This command queries the receiver for the status of the seven TTL inputs. Threported value is a seven-character string, each character representing the stan input line. The first character corresponds to the TTL input #1, the last character corresponds to TTL input #7.
SL Audio Sync Loss Count
Syntax: SL 0SL ?
This command allows the receiver to maintain a record of the number of audio sync losses since the last time the value was reset. The sync loss count will nexceed 65535. SL 0 resets the sync loss value.
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-37
relay.
to
ult)
ctive). ion.
SR Status Relay Mask
Syntax: SR nnnnSR ?SR
This command sets or reads the status relay mask. The value nnnn is a decimal number that represents the bit map of the faults to be monitored by the statusFor example, to set faults 6, 7, and 8, you would input 224 (32+64+128) as the value of nnnn. (For a listing of fault monitors and their decimal weighting, refer the FL command.)
The default value is 4286578687, which enables all faults but FL 24 (ODU fato activate the relay and front panel IDU Fault indicator.
SS Status Relay Sense
Syntax: SS nSS ?
This command configures the remote status relay sense. A value of 0 for n configures the relay as true sense (i.e., when there is no alarm, the relay is aA value of 1 configures the relay to be inverted when there is no alarm condit
Example:
Table 5-31 shows the status relay contact states for the individual conditions.
The default value is 0 (true sense).
Table 5-31 Condition and Status Relay Contacts
ConditionNormally Open Pin 2 Status Relay Contacts
(SS=0) (SS=1)
Power Off Open Open
Alarm Open Closed
Normal Closed Open
ConditionNormally Open Pin 1 Status Relay Contacts
(SS=0) (SS=1)
Power Off Closed Closed
Alarm Closed Open
Normal Open Closed
5-38 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
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ST Status Query
Syntax: ST ?ST
This command causes the receiver to display the current content of the status register. The FL ? command gives the faults that have occurred since the lasthe fault register was cleared. The ST ? command gives the current condition of those fault monitors. Bits in the status register are defined exactly as the faulregister. The ST command will display a decimal or hexadecimal encoded valuthe bits in the status register depending on the HM command value.
T1 Backlink Telephone Number 1
Syntax: T1 stringT1 ?
The T1 command specifies the telephone number the receiver uses in a bacattempt initiated by a fault that is a member of fault mask 1 (F1 command).
String is a character string that contains the telephone number and any subcommands for the ComStream-approved, Hayes-compatible telephone m(CPN 30-0120-194). When initiating a backlink, the receiver sends ATD followimmediately by the string entered by the user. The following is a list of valid characters that can be entered:
■ 0 to 9
■ A to Z
■ * (asterisk)
■ # (number/pound symbol)
■ @ (at symbol)
■ ! (exclamation mark)
■ ; (semicolon)
■ , (comma)
The following is an example of the T1 command:
T1 9,5553333
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-39
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T2 Backlink Telephone Number 2
Syntax: T2 stringT2 ?
The T2 command specifies the telephone number the receiver uses in a bacattempt initiated by a fault that is a member of fault mask 2 (F2 command).
String is a character string that contains the telephone number and any subcommands for the ComStream-approved, Hayes-compatible telephone m(CPN 30-0120-194). When initiating a backlink, the receiver sends ATD followimmediately by the string entered by the user. The following is a list of valid characters that can be entered:
■ 0 to 9
■ A to Z
■ * (asterisk)
■ # (number/pound symbol)
■ @ (at symbol)
■ ! (exclamation mark)
■ ; (semicolon)
■ , (comma)
TB Terrestrial Backlink
Syntax: TB nTB ?
The TB command allows the user to manually initiate a terrestrial backlink orterminate a backlink that is in progress. A value of 1 for n instructs the receiver to establish a link using the telephone number defined by the T1 command. Likewise, a value of 2 for n instructs the receiver to establish a backlink using tphone number defined by the T2 command. A value of 0 for n instructs the receiver to terminate any active backlinks.
5-40 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
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TI Telco Initialization
Syntax: TI stringTB ?
This command allows the user to enter a specific initialization string for the temodem. This string is sent to the telco modem prior to every backlink attempWhen a backlink is attempted, the ABR202 sends a basic initialization string followed immediately by the user-defined initialization string. The following sequence of strings is sent prior to every backlink attempt:
AT&D3&C1S0=1E0Q0V1&Y0AT user-defined string
The user-defined string can be a maximum of 40 characters. The valid characters that can be sent are:
■ 0 to 9
■ A to Z
■ &
■ =
The default string for TI is &Q5W0&R1&Y0.
VC Volume Control
Syntax: VC nVC ?
The Volume Control command allows the user to vary the analog output gain.audio output on the ABR202 has been optimized to source a 600 ohm load wset to VC 18. This optimization ensures that the full dynamic range of the ABR202 is available to the end user along with unity gain.
Table 5-32 lists the allowable VC values and the corresponding gain assuming a 100K ohm load. When selecting a value other than the maximum value for thaudio output a slight degradation in dynamic range occurs. The table providesample of the dynamic range values. The default value for VC is 9, which corresponds to unity gain for a 100K ohm load.
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-41
ting s the
X1 Exercise User Data Port
Syntax: X1 value
This command allows the user data port to be exercised by providing a repeatest pattern. A value of 1 enables the user data port test. A value of 0 disabletest. The test pattern that will be issued to the port is:
THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG 0123456789
The default value is 0.
Table 5-32 Volume Control
n Value DB in relation to unity gain at 100K ohm load Notes
18 +8.5 Unity gain with 600 ohm load
17 +7.5
16 +6.5
15 +5.6
14 +4.5
13 +3.5
12 +2.5
11 +1.5
10 +0.5
9 +0.0 Unity gain with 100K ohm load
8 -0.8
7 -1.6
6 -2.5
5 -3.5
4 -5.0
3 -6.5
2 -7.6
1 -8.5
0 MUTE
5-42 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
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X2 Exercise M&C Port
Syntax: X2 value
This command allows the M&C port to be exercised by providing a repeatingpattern. A value of 1 enables the M&C port test. A value of 0 disables the test.test pattern that will be issued to the port is:
THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG 0123456789
The default value is 0.
X3 Exercise Printer Port
Syntax: X3 value
This command allows the printer port to be exercised by providing a repeatingpattern. A value of 1 enables the printer port test. A value of 0 disables the teThe test pattern that will be issued to the port is:
THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG 0123456789
The default value is 0.
Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation 5-43
5-44 Command Descriptions in Alphabetical Order Remote Monitor and Control Operation
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6Maintenance andTroubleshooting
This chapter provides:
■ ABR202 maintenance information
■ An alphabetical listing of ABR202 key performance monitoring commandand fault conditions, including a detailed description of each command anfault condition
■ Troubleshooting tips
Maintenance The ABR202 does not require periodic or preventive maintenance. There areadjustments or configuration switches or jumpers external or internal to the uThe power input is protected with an inline fuse located within the power supinside the receiver. The fuse is designed to protect the unit from internal damin the event of a severe power line condition or internal failure. This fuse is noserviceable by the user.
A flash memory is used to store the nonvolatile memory and internal softwarewhile power is off. Unlike the ABR200, there are no internal batteries.
PerformanceMonitoring
The ABR202 receiver has a number of commands that provide performance monitoring of key system parameters. By interrogating these parameters for receiver sites on a periodic basis, the overall system performance level can bdetermined and changed if necessary.
In implementing performance monitoring, key downlink sites would be selectAt these sites, telephone modems would be connected to the ABR202 receiver so that the required two-way communication link is established. For connecting telephone modem to the receiver, refer to the appendix on Telephone ModemOperation. The key performance monitoring commands and how they can bein measuring symptom performance are detailed in the following paragraphs
Eb/No Minimum Receive Level (EM)
The minimum receive signal level Eb/No is measured and recorded using thecommand. This parameter indicates how weak the receive signal has becomto local weather conditions and fades, antenna misalignment, etc., since the time the parameter was reset. By monitoring key receive sites across the neta determination of actual system availability can be made based on measurefades.
Maintenance Maintenance and Troubleshooting 6-1
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If actual numbers differ from the desired availability, corrective action can be taken. Either the satellite downlink power can be increased or the receive ansize can be increased for the affected locations.
Number of RF Signal Fades (NF)
This command records the number of RF signal fades that have occurred sinlast time the counter was reset. While the EM command records the lowest slevel, this command records the number of signal fade events. A fade event owhen the receiver loses RF signal lock for any reason other than channel chaA fade causes a disruption in audio, data, and relay cue signals. Typically, a occurs due to weather conditions, although any event causing the signal to btemporarily interrupted could be the cause. Examples of this would be antenobstruction by a large truck, IFL cable damage causing intermittent connectioand so on.
Receiver sites that record fade events should be investigated to determine thcause so that uninterrupted service can be provided.
Audio Sync Loss Count (SL)
This command records the number of audio decoder sync losses since it wareset. An audio sync loss would normally occur when a fade condition existsHowever, there could be instances where the decoder loses synchronizationthe uplink audio encoder. Very low signal levels (between 3.0 to 3.5 dB Eb/Ncould cause sufficiently high bit error rates causing the decoder to lose sync,not an RF sync loss. Additionally, if the uplink encoder began to operate marginally, then typically all receive sites would record decoder sync loss evealthough not all may record the same number of events.
By monitoring audio sync losses, troubleshooting system-wide or individual receive site problems is made easier.
Fault ConditionDescriptions
This section provides a detailed description of each fault condition to aid in troubleshooting.
FL 5 - AGC Range Fault
This fault indicates the input signal to the demodulator is less than -75 dBm ogreater than -20 dBm (approximately).
FL 6 - Bit Time Lock Fault
An FL 6 fault means the demodulator bit time loop has lost lock. The receiveoutput data is disabled when this fault occurs.
FL 7 - Carrier Tracking Lock Fault
This fault means the demodulator carrier tracking loop has lost lock. The receoutput data is disabled when this fault occurs.
6-2 Fault Condition Descriptions Maintenance and Troubleshooting
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FL 8 - FEC Decoder Sync Fault
An FL 8 fault indicates the FEC decoder output BER is greater than 10-2 (approximately).
FL 9 - Acquisition Range Fault
This fault means the demodulator has completed a search of all frequencies the limits defined by the B3 parameter and was unable to acquire a carrier.
FL 10 - Carrier Tracking Range Fault
An FL 10 fault means the demodulator carrier tracking register has reached imaximum (or minimum) setting.
FL12 - Bit Time Range Fault
This fault indicates the demodulator bit time accumulator has reached its maximum (or minimum) setting.
FL 13 - Nonvolatile Memory Fault
An FL 13 fault means one of the parameters in the demodulator nonvolatile memory may have become corrupted. If this indication occurs repeatedly, thenonvolatile memory is defective and the unit should be returned for servicing
FL 16 - Watchdog Timer Fault
This fault indication means the demodulator microprocessor fault timer has fato reset. FL 16 normally indicates a memory fault, meaning the unit may be operating in an unintended manner. When this fault occurs, the system automatically resets.
FL 17 - Audio PLL Lock Fault
This fault occurs when the narrow band phase lock loop that operates the auD/A converter is not locked. It is usually caused when RF sync is not achievethis alarm occurs by itself and will not clear by cycling power, the receiver shobe returned for servicing.
FL 18 - Audio Decoder Sync Fault
An FL 18 fault indicates the receiver audio decoder is not in synchronization with the audio encoder at the uplink. This condition will normally occur if RF sync not achieved.
FL 19 - DSP Watchdog Fault
This fault means the DSP audio decoder is not functioning normally. If this fapersists, the unit should be returned for servicing.
Fault Condition Descriptions Maintenance and Troubleshooting 6-3
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FL 20 - DSP BIT Failure
This fault indicates the DSP audio decoder built-in tests did not successfully during startup. If this fault persists, the unit should be returned for servicing.
FL 21, FL 22, FL 23 - External Alarm Monitoring
All three of these faults are caused from monitoring an external device that asa TTL logic low on Sensor Inputs 4, 5, and 6. (These signals are on the relaycontrol port pins 22, 23, and 24.)
FL 24 - Outdoor Unit Fault
This fault occurs when the LNB is not drawing power from the receiver. If thereceiver is connected to another ABR unit, this will be a normal condition. Thfront panel ODU Fault light or indicator tracks this fault condition.
FL 25 - Eb/No Threshold Fault
An FL 25 fault indicates the measured RF signal level (Eb/No) has dropped bthe level set by the ET command.
FL 27 - Flash Memory Checksum Fault
This fault means the main control processor memory has been corrupted andfunctioning normally. If this fault persists, the unit should be returned for servicing.
FL 28 - Software Download Failure
This fault indicates a software download was not successful. The control processor continues to operate from the currently operating software while thfault is active. Once the download is successful, this fault automatically clear
FL 29 - Channel Change Fault
An FL 29 fault occurs when a channel change has been attempted but RF anaudio synchronization on the new RF carrier have not occurred within the first Acquisition reverts to the previous signal and, once locked, normal operationrestored. The channel change may be initiated from any one of three sources
■ Local FS command
■ FS command from the uplink
■ Remote (external) channel change
For more information, refer to the LC command section in the chapter on RemMonitor and Control Information. This is an abnormal condition and indicatesthere may be a configuration error within the receiver, a mismatch with the acRF carrier parameters, or the RF carrier is not present.
6-4 Fault Condition Descriptions Maintenance and Troubleshooting
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FL 30 - Network ID Timeout Fault
This fault condition exists if the channel and network ID information is not received over the control channel every 30 seconds. Typically, this indicates a problem exists at the uplink concerning the audio multiplexer. However, if othreceivers in the network are not showing this alarm condition, then the unit mneed servicing.
FL 31 - Acquisition Network ID Fault
An FL 31 fault is declared when the receiver achieves RF sync but there is ainvalid or missing network/channel ID. This fault indicates that one or more offollowing conditions is true:
■ The receiver FD and/or CC commands are not configured properly.
■ The uplink is not transmitting or is transmitting an invalid network/channeID.
■ There is a hardware problem with the audio decoder portion of the ABR2
■ The receiver is locked onto an adjacent audio carrier that is within its frequency search range, but is not the carrier specified in the selected fodefinition.
Troubleshooting This troubleshooting section is provided to aid in isolating equipment problemand suggesting appropriate actions toward solving problems. If a particular problem cannot be resolved after reviewing the following material, or if a RadComStream equipment failure is suspected, then seek further assistance by contacting your Radyne ComStream distributor or uplink provider. If equipmenpurchased directly from Radyne ComStream, contact Radyne ComStream customer service for assistance.
Before Troubleshooting
Before troubleshooting the unit, go through the following questions:
■ Have there been any power or bad weather problems in the area? Snow-dishes need to be manually swept out, even if they have a Velox coating.
■ Is the ABR202 mounted on a rack or is it free-standing? Is it located in a closet? If so, is there sufficient air circulation in the closet? Is the ABR202near a heat-generating source? Does it exceed the Radyne ComStream ambient temperature specifications? The receiver requires sufficient spacproper ventilation.
■ Is the receiver connected to an uninterruptible power source (UPS)?
■ Was anyone recently working on the equipment or has anyone been neasatellite dish? If so, visually check the equipment to ensure the power habeen turned off, there are no loose cables, or any damaged connectors.
■ Is the receiver located at the uplink or is it a downlink in a network? If it isdownlink, are other downlinks experiencing any problems?
Troubleshooting Maintenance and Troubleshooting 6-5
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Symptoms and Actions
Table 6-1 has been developed to help you diagnose and correct minor problethe unlikely event that you experience difficulties with your ABR202. A quick reference troubleshooting flow chart is also provided in the appendix on Troubleshooting Flow Charts. If you decide to use the flow chart and find that need additional information, refer to the information provided in this section.
Table 6-1 Troubleshooting Symptoms and Actions
Symptom Action
Power light is not illuminated
1. Ensure the unit is plugged into an active AC outlet and the power cord is firmly plugged into the rear panel receptacle.
2. Verify the AC power source is supplying 90 to 264 VAC, 47 to 63 Hz.3. Ensure the power cord is not at fault by replacing it with a known
working cord.4. If the problem persists, it indicates a possible internal fuse failure-do not
attempt to repair it. Contact Radyne ComStream for technical support.
Unable to communicate with the receiver
1. If a modem is being used, verify that the correct cable is being used and that the connections are correct. Refer to the appendix on Telephone Modem Operation.*
2. Ensure the correct terminal, cable, and configuration is being used:a. Ensure an ASCII terminal or a PC with a terminal emulator program,
such as PROCOMM®, is being used.b. Ensure the RS-232 cable is connected to the M&C port via the DB-9
to DB-25 adapter cable (CPN 30-0120-093). If the adapter cable is too short, extend it with a straight-through cable.**
c. Verify the connection between pins 2 and 3 at both ends of the cable. Ensure pin 4, Data Terminal Ready (DTR), is an active input (high) of the M&C port.
d. Check to see if the terminal is configured properly: full-duplex ASCII communications at 2400 baud, 7 data bits, odd parity, and 1 stop bit (default).
3. Once the terminal has been connected and configured, press the Enter key to see if the login message displays.If the login message:❐ Does not display, reset the receiver M&C port and the terminal to
factory defaults (2400, 7, odd, 1 at packet address 31) by shorting together pins 8 and 12 on the AUXILIARY port on the rear of the receiver while cycling power off and back on. Remove the short and press the Enter key again. If the login message still does not display, contact Radyne ComStream Customer Service.
❐ Displays, enter commands to see if the responses are displayed. If the commands are not echoed to the display, ensure the command echo is enabled by entering EE 1. If they do not display after enabling the echo feature, contact Radyne ComStream for technical support.
6-6 Troubleshooting Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Power light is illuminated red
Using the M&C terminal, enter ST ? to query the source of the fault. If fault 24 is present, this indicates the LNB downconverter (located at the antenna) is not drawing power from the receiver. (Refer to the ST and FL commands.)
The power light being illuminated red is normal for receivers that are not directly connected to an LNB downconverter. The red light can be turned off using the OM command.
1. Verify the IFL cable is connected to the LNB downconverter and the RF In port at the receiver.
2. Verify cable connectivity between the two cable ends. Use a multimeter to ohm-out after disconnecting the cable. Examine the connectors for improper assembly.
3. Ensure the voltage output of the ABR is approximately 18 VDC ±7%.❐ If not, the LNB or IFL cable may have shorted. Replace the defective
LNB or repair the cable short. Reset the LNB circuit breaker by cycling AC power. If problem persists, contact Radyne ComStream for technical support.
❐ If it is, check to see if the maximum IFL cable length has been exceeded (refer to the appendix on Interfacility Link (IFL) Cable Characteristics and Preparation).
❐ If the cable length has been exceeded, contact Radyne ComStream for L-band amplifier recommendations.
❐ If the cable length has not been exceeded, replace the LNB downconverter. If the problem persists, contact Radyne ComStream for technical support.
Sync light is not illuminated
1. If there is no outdoor unit fault (FL24), ensure the configuration parameters are correct for the installed application using the CC, FD, FS, and DI commands.
2. If the configuration parameters have been confirmed:a. Connect the spectrum analyzer to the LNB output via a DC coupled
splitter.b. Ensure a proper L-band signal is present.c. If required, repeak the antenna.
Enable light is not illuminated
If the Sync light is illuminated, check with the uplink station to ensure the audio encoder unit is functioning properly. If it is, the unit may need servicing. If not, the problem is at the uplink station.
If the Sync light is off, follow the actions for that symptom.
Sync light is not illuminated or is blinking
This indicates the receive signal strength is below the value set by the Q0 or Q1 commands.
If the Sync light is not illuminated, the signal is too weak. Check the signal strength by entering each of the following commands: Q0 ?, Q1 ?, EB ?.
If the value for EB is less than the default value for Q1, repeak the antenna for maximum signal strength.***
Table 6-1 Troubleshooting Symptoms and Actions (continued)
Symptom Action
Troubleshooting Maintenance and Troubleshooting 6-7
Power light is blinking or illuminated red
■ If the light is illuminated,a. Connect a terminal to the M&C port on the receiver.b. Enter FL ? to determine what type of fault is occurring.c. Follow the action descriptions associated with each fault type.
• Faults 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are common faults and may indicate the following:– CC or FD are not configured correctly for carrier acquisition– The carrier is not present
• If the above faults are present, verify carrier status and configuration before contacting Radyne ComStream for technical support.
No audio, but the Enable and Sync lights are illuminated
1. Ensure the audio is not being muted by the M0, M1, and MU commands.
2. Check the audio status (AS) to ensure audio operation is permitted. If it is not, check with the uplink operator for audio authorization.
3. Verify connector integrity and ensure the proper connections are made to the audio output (DB-9 male) connector.
4. Use the built-in audio tests (AT command) to generate audio tones. Monitor the audio output at the connector. If no tones are present, the unit may need servicing. If audio is present, contact Radyne ComStream for technical support.
Audio is highly distorted or garbled
■ If the Sync light is not illuminated or is blinking, then a low signal strength may be the problem. Follow the procedure for when the Sync light is illuminated.
■ If the Sync light is illuminated, check the external connections to the audio port to ensure no shorts or intermittent connections are present.****
Audio has unusually high background noise
When operating in joint stereo mode, a high background (common mode) noise indicates there is a phase reversal at the encoder's audio inputs.
1. Recheck the encoder wiring to ensure the input leads, (+) and (-), for both channels are properly connected.
2. Recheck the wiring connections at the output of the receiver to ensure the correct phase for the audio outputs has been connected.
Audio is at a low volume
Ensure the connections at the uplink and downlink are correct for both signal polarities (+ and -). When operating with a single connection (e.g., + only), the output level is down 6 dB when compared to balanced operation.
Using the M&C terminal, check the audio volume command for the proper setting for the particular installation.
Table 6-1 Troubleshooting Symptoms and Actions (continued)
Symptom Action
6-8 Troubleshooting Maintenance and Troubleshooting
No data, but the Enable and Sync lights are illuminated
1. Check the unit authorization setting using the FD and FS commands for the current format and ensure data operation is permitted. If the current FD value, as selected by the FS parameter, does not have a 2, 3, 6, or 7 as the last digit, then data is not enabled. If it is not enabled, check with the uplink operator for proper authorization.
2. Verify the interface cable and connector integrity by ensuring the proper connections are made to the data port output connector (DB-25 female) and that the interconnecting cable is properly wired (straight-through). The Data port pinouts are described in the appendix on Interface Pinouts.
3. Ensure the external data terminal equipment (DTE) and data port configuration P1 parameter (i.e., baud rate, stop characters, parity) match by using the P1 command.
4. Test the user data port by entering the command X1 1. A test pattern should be output to the DTE.❐ If data output is observed, turn off the test pattern by entering X1 0
and then contact the uplink operator to verify data transmission.❐ If data output is not observed, try connecting another type of DTE
(i.e., video terminal); if data is still not available, contact Radyne ComStream for technical support.
No relay closure operation, but the RF and Audio Sync lights are illuminated
1. Check the unit authorization setting using the FD command for the current format and ensure relay closure operation is permitted. If the FD value does not have a 4, 5, 6, or 7 as the last digit, then the relays are not enabled. If they are not enabled, check with the uplink operator.
2. Enter CO ?:❐ If a 1 or 0 appears, then the cue signal from the uplink cannot be
processed properly. Enter CO XXXXXXXX to allow the uplink to control the relays.
❐ If CO is XXXXXXXX, ensure the proper connections are made to the Relay/Control port connector (DB-25 male) and that the interconnecting cable is properly wired.
3. Use the built-in relay test (CO command) to individually activate and deactivate the relay closures. Monitoring contact closure with a multimeter at the connector is preferred; this eliminates any misconnections. If proper operation is still not observed, contact Radyne ComStream.
* The modem connection to the M&C port requires a crossover connection.** If a DB-9 to DB-9 cable is being used, the pin assignment is straight through.*** If EB > Q1, the Sync light is illuminated
If Q0 < EB < Q1, the Sync light blinksIf EB < Q0, the Sync light is not illuminatedThe default values are 4.0 dB for Q0 and 7.0 dB for Q1.
**** If the output feeds several pieces of equipment, disconnect the external equipment and monitor the audio at the connector.If the problem no longer exists, then a wiring problem to the external equipment exists and you should operate the external equipment via a distribution amplifier.
Table 6-1 Troubleshooting Symptoms and Actions (continued)
Symptom Action
Troubleshooting Maintenance and Troubleshooting 6-9
6-10 Troubleshooting Maintenance and Troubleshooting
7Technical Specificationsand Port Information
LNB Downconverter(Outdoor Unit - ODU)
Input frequency range: 11.7 to 12.2 GHz12.25 to 12.75 GHz10.95 to 11.7 GHz3.7 to 4.2 GHz
Output frequency range: 950 to 1450 MHz950 to 1700 MHz
Conversion gain: 55 to 70 dB
Local oscillator: DRO (BPSK) or PLL (QPSK)
L-band Demodulator(Indoor Unit - IDU)
Input frequency range: 950 to 1700 MHz, F connector, 75 ohm
Output power (to LNB): +18 VDC ±7%, 500 mA maximum current
Input signal level: -75 to -20 dBm
Frequency step size: 1 kHz steps
Demodulation type: BPSK or QPSK
FEC decoding: Sequential rate 1/2Optional: Viterbi rate 1/2, 2/3, or 3/4; or concatenated Viterbi and Reed Solomon rate187/204
BER performance: 128 kbps (BPSK) 1x10-5 at 4.0 dB Eb/No, Sequential rate ½
128 kbps (QPSK) 1x10-5 at 4.5 dB Eb/No, Sequential rate ½
Audio threshold: 3.8 dB Eb/No (BPSK)4.3 dB Eb/No (QPSK)
Symbol rates: 64 - 768 ksps variable in 1 sps increments
AGC monitor: Analog voltage available on rear panel Auxiliary connector
AGC monitor range: 0 to 10 V
LNB Downconverter (Outdoor Unit - ODU) Technical Specifications and Port Information 7-1
8
20
Audio Performance Frequency response: 20 Hz to 20.0 kHz
Audio output channels: One or two
Operating modes: Mono, dual mono (stereo), joint stereo
Compression technique: ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIA
Compression factor: 12:1, 8:1, 6:1
ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIA data rates:
64, 96, 112, 128, 192, 256, 384 kbps
ISO/MPEG Layer II/IIA modes: Mono, dual mono, joint stereo
Channel change time: < 450 msec*
Total harmonic distortion:** < 0.2% at 1 kHz3 (@ +8 dBu signal level)
Dynamic range: > 90 dB
Signal to noise:*** > 85 dB (measured from +18 dBu2)
Idle channel noise: < -64 dBu (unweighted)
Channel mute: < -80 dBu (unweighted)
Crosstalk (two channel): > 80 dB (all frequencies, measured from +1dBu2)
Analog sampling rate: 48 kHz
Stereo phase deviation: < 1.0° for 20 Hz to 10 kHz; < 3.0° for 10 tokHz
Audio Outputs: Direct coupled, L and R differential pairs; output impedance 510 ohms
Audio Levels: 0 dB throughput gain (encoder input to ABR202 output) at nominal volume setting and 100 kohm load
Volume control may be adjusted for 0 dB throughput gain for 600 ohm load
Maximum Audio Output: +18 dBu
* For signal strength > 9 dB Eb/No (QPSK), > 7 dB Eb/No (BPSK).** 0 dBu is defined to be 1 mW across a 600 ohm load (0.776 VRms).*** Operating 256 kbps, dual mono, Eb/No > 10 dB (output terminated into 100 kohm).
7-2 Audio Performance Technical Specifications and Port Information
7-1.
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Available Audio Ratesand Bandwidths
The available audio rates and bandwidths for the ABR202 are shown in Table
Note: The maximum user data rate is 9600 baud for all audio rates, howevershould select lower user data rates when using audio rates below 128 K to preventany degradation of the audio quality.
Table 7-1 Available Audio Rates and Bandwidths
Audio Rate (kbps) Mode Bandwidth
(kHz) Audio Quality Recommended User Data Rate
64 Mono 8.3 AM 2400
96 Mono 20 CD 4800
112 Mono 20 CD 4800
112 dual mono 10 AM 4800
112 joint stereo 20 CD 4800
128 Mono 20 CD 4800
128 dual mono 10 AM 4800
128 joint stereo 20 CD 4800
192 Mono 20 CD 9600
192 joint stereo 20 CD 9600
192 dual mono 20 CD 9600
256 Mono 20 CD 9600
256 dual mono 20 CD 9600
256 joint stereo 20 CD 9600
384 Mono 20 CD 9600
384 dual mono 20 CD 9600
384 joint stereo 20 CD 9600
Available Audio Rates and Bandwidths Technical Specifications and Port Information 7-3
Mechanical (IDU) Size: 3.25" H x 16.25" W x 10" D(2 RU 19" rack-mount, ears included)
Audio output channels: < 13 lbs
Shipping weight: 24 lbs
Power
Input voltage (AC): 90 to 264 VAC
Frequency: 47 to 63 Hz
Consumption: < 40 W typical
Environmental
Temperature: 0 to 50°C (IDU, operating)-20 to 75°C (IDU, nonoperating)-40 to +50°C (ODU, operating)-50 to +60°C (ODU, nonoperating)
Humidity: 0 to 95% noncondensing (IDU, operating)0% to 100% condensing (ODU, operating)
RegulatoryCompliance
EMC ■ Emission:
❐ EN50081-1
❐ EN55022 Class B
❐ RegTP certified
■ Immunity:
❐ EN50082-1
❐ EN61000-4-2 ESD
❐ EN61000-4-4 EFT, Level 3
❐ EN61000-4-5 Surge, Level 3
❐ EN61000-4-6 Conducted Immunity
❐ EN61000-4-8 Magnetic Field
❐ EN61000-4-11 Voltage Dip and Interruption
Safety/Emissions: UL1950; CUL950; TUV EN60950
7-4 Mechanical (IDU) Technical Specifications and Port Information
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Control ChannelInterface Capabilities
Software network control: PC AT, Windows-based (optional)
Addressing: Unit or logical group
Receiver control: Configuration, audio/data port operation, channel selection, etc.
Operating speed: 4800 default, 9600 capable
Monitor and ControlCapabilities
Monitor: Receive signal level (Eb/No) channel error rate, AGC level, bit error rate, equipment alarms and faults, performance monitoring
Control: Receive channel configuration, relay mappinalarm reporting, etc.
Status (Front Panel): Power, RF Sync, Audio Enable, Fault summary
Rear Panel Ports Audio Out Port
Connector: DB-9, male
Function: Left and right channel analog audio output
For more information about audio performance, refer to the "Audio Performancsection in this chapter.
Aux Port
Connector: DB-15, female
Functions: AGC monitor voltage (1 pin)
Receiver fault alarm relay (Form A)
Synchronous composite data stream input/output with clock, RS-442 levels
M&C port reset
Input ISO/MPEG Digital Audio
Note: Data is only available on the output if it is non-Musicam™ encoded composite data.
Control Channel Interface Capabilities Technical Specifications and Port Information 7-5
g
AES/EBU Port
Connector: DB-15, female
Functions: AES/EBU digital output (48 kHz sampling rate)
Relay Status Port
Relay contact closures: Eight, individually controlled from DAC codec/mux at uplink
Relay type: Form A; 2 wires per contact; maximum ratinis 110 VAC at 1 amp.
Connector: DB-25, male
Operation: < 150 msec latency w.r.t. audio, with error protection
Status inputs: 7 TTL with reference grounds, active low, internally pulled up 4.7 kohm resistors.
Status functions: 3 for local RF channel selection, 3 auxiliaryalarm inputs, 1 unused (reserved)
Interface biasing: +15 V @ 50 mA max available for poweringopto-couplers in external equipment
User Data Port
Interface type: Asynchronous RS-232
Data rates: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, and 9600 baud
Connector: DB-9, female
Printer Data Port
Interface type: Asynchronous RS-232 or RS-422
Data rates: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, and 9600 baud
Connector: DB-25, female
7-6 Rear Panel Ports Technical Specifications and Port Information
-
232
M&C Port
Interface type: Asynchronous RS-232 and addressable RS485 multidrop using Radyne ComStream's packet protocol
Connector: DB-9, female, with DTR control
Default parameters: 2400, 7 data bits, odd parity, 1 stop bit, RS-(programmable)
Functions: Unit configuration, diagnostics, and status; connects to ASCII terminal or telco modem.
Rear Panel Ports Technical Specifications and Port Information 7-7
7-8 Rear Panel Ports Technical Specifications and Port Information
AInterface Pinouts
Printer Data Port
Table A-1 DB-25 Female, Connector
Pin # I/O Name Description
1 - - Not Used (Reserved)
2 I TD Transmit Data (Reserved)
3 O RD Receive Data
4 I DTR Transmit Data Terminal Ready (Reserved)
5 - - Not Used (Reserved)
6 O DSR Data Set Ready
71 O AUXIND- Aux Indicator RS-422 (-) (Reserved)
81 I AUXCTL- Aux Control RS-422 (-)
91 O AUXRT- Aux RT Clock RS-422 (-)
101 I AUXTT- Aux TT Clock RS-422 (-)
111 O AUXRD- Aux Rcv Data RS-422 (-) (Reserved)
121 I AUXTD- Aux Tsmt Data RS-422 (-) (Reserved)
13 O SG Signal Ground
14 - - Not Used (Reserved)
15 - - Not Used (Reserved)
16 - - Not Used (Reserved)
17 - - Not Used (Reserved)
18 - - Not Used (Reserved)
19 - - Not Used (Reserved)
201 O AUXIND+ Aux Indicator RS-422 (+) (Reserved)
211 I AUXCTL+ Aux Control RS-422 (+)
221 O AUXRT+ Aux RT Clock RS-422 (+) (Reserved)
231 I AUXTT+ Aux TT Clock RS-422 (+)
241 O AUXRD+ Aux Rcv Data RS-422 (+) (Reserved)
251 I AUXTD+ Aux Tsmt Data RS-422 (+)(Reserved)1 Special configuration required.
Printer Data Port Interface Pinouts A-1
Relay Control Port
Table A-2 DB-25 Male Connector
Pin # I/O Name Description
1 O RC1A Relay Closure Contact 1A
14 O RC1B Relay Closure Contact 1B
2 O RC2A Relay Closure Contact 2A
15 O RC2B Relay Closure Contact 2B
3 O RC3A Relay Closure Contact 3A
16 O RC3B Relay Closure Contact 3B
4 O RC4A Relay Closure Contact 4A
17 O RC4B Relay Closure Contact 4B
5 O RC5A Relay Closure Contact 5A
18 O RC5B Relay Closure Contact 5B
6 O RC6A Relay Closure Contact 6A
19 O RC6B Relay Closure Contact 6B
7 O RC7A Relay Closure Contact 7A
20 O RC7B Relay Closure Contact 7B
8 O RC8A Relay Closure Contact 8A
21 O RC8B Relay Closure Contact 8B
9 I SI1 Sensor Input 1, TTL
10 I SI2 Sensor Input 2, TTL
11 I SI3 Sensor Input 3, TTL
22 I SI4 Sensor Input 4, TTL
23 I SI5 Sensor Input 5, TTL
24 I SI6 Sensor Input 6, TTL
12 I SI7 Sensor Input 7, TTL
25 O SG Signal Ground
13 O +15V +15 V through 220 ohm (50 mA max) resistor
A-2 Relay Control Port Interface Pinouts
M&C Port
Table A-3 DB-9 Female, RS-232/RS-485 Connector
Pin # I/O Name Description
1 O DSR Data Set Ready
2 O RD Receive Data, RS-232
3 I TD Transmit Data, RS-232
4 I DTR Data Terminal Ready
5 O SG Signal Ground
6 I TD+ Transmit Data, RS-485 (+)
7 O RD+ Receive Data, RS-485 (+)
8 I TD- Transmit Data, RS-485 (-)
9 O RD- Receive Data, RS-485 (-)
M&C Port Interface Pinouts A-3
is
M&C Port AdapterCable (DB-9-to-DB-25)The M&C Port Adapter Cable connects the ABR202 with an RS-232 port. Thcable is VT-100 compatible and available through Radyne ComStream (CPN 30-0120-093).
Table A-4 M&C Port Adapter Cable
Male DB-9
Female DB-25
1 8
2 3
3 2
4 20
5 7
6 6
7 4
8 5
9 22
A-4 M&C Port Adapter Cable (DB-9-to-DB-25) Interface Pinouts
Analog Output Port
Table A-5 DB-9 Male Connector
Pin # I/O Name Description
1 O LO+ Left Audio Output (+)
2 O LO- Left Audio Output (-)
3 - - Not Used
4 O RO+ Right Audio Output (+)
5 O RO- Right Audio Output (-)
6 O AGND Analog Ground
7 - - Not Used
8 - - Not Used
9 O AGND Analog Ground
Analog Output Port Interface Pinouts A-5
User Data Port
Table A-6 DB-9 Female Connector
Pin # I/O Name Description
1 O DSR Data Set Ready Indicator
2 O RD Receive Data
3 I DTR Data Terminal Ready Indicator
4 I TD Transmit Data
5 O SG Signal Ground
6-9 - - Not Connected
A-6 User Data Port Interface Pinouts
ed to
Auxiliary Port
Note: The RD+, RD-, RT+, and RT- abbreviations/acronyms have been changmatch the pinout definitions of other Radyne ComStream products.
Table A-7 DB-15 Female Connector
Pin # I/O Name Description
1 O StatusNC Status Closure Contact Closed on Fault
2 O StatusNO Status Closure Contact Open on Fault
3 I BBRD- Baseband Rec. Data RS-422 (-) [A]
4 O RD- Receive Data RS-422 (-) [A]
5 O AGC AGC Output Voltage 0-10 VDC
6 O RT- Receive Timing RS-422 (-) [A]
7 I BBRT- Baseband Rec. Timing RS-422 (-) [A]
8 O SG Signal Ground
9 O StatusCOM Status Closure Common
10 I BBRD+ Baseband Rec. Data RS-422 (+) [B]
11 O RD+ Receive Data RS-422 (+) [B]
12 I M&C Reset Monitor and Control Port Reset Input
13 O RT+ Receive Timing RS-422 (+) [B]
14 I BBRT+ Baseband Rec. Timing RS-422 (+) [B]
15 - - Not Used
[A] Denotes inverted signal for differential input/output[B] Denotes true signal for differential input/output
Auxiliary Port Interface Pinouts A-7
AES/EBU Port
Table A-8 DB-15 Female Connector
Pin # I/O Name Description
1 O SG Signal Ground
8 O DIGOUT- AES/EBU Digital Audio Out (-)
15 O DIGOUT+ AES/EBU Digital Audio Out (+)
2 - 7 - - Not Used
9 - 14 - - Not Used
A-8 AES/EBU Port Interface Pinouts
own
BTelephone ModemOperation
Overview The ABR202 can be controlled and operated from a remote location by connecting the receiver to the public telephone network using the Radyne ComStream-approved, Hayes-compatible modem (CPN 30-0120-194). This appendix provides the necessary details for configuring the telco modem andconnecting it to the ABR202.
Modem Configuration To ensure proper operation of the Radyne ComStream-approved, Hayes-compatible modem (CPN 30-0120-194), the modem must be initialized, as shin Table B-1, when it is connected to the ABR202.
Table B-1 Hayes-Compatible Modem Configuration
Modem Command Description of Modem Actions
AT&D0 Modem ignores DTR
ATS0=1 Modem answers on one ring
AT&C1 Carrier detect (CD) active when remote carrier detected
ATQ1 Modem does not send result codes
AT&Y0 Select profile 0 as power-up configuration
ATE0 Echo off
AT&W0 Write configuration to profile 0
AT&R1 Modem ignores RTS
Overview Telephone Modem Operation B-1
&C
Modem Connection A Hayes-compatible modem (CPN 30-0120-194) connects to the ABR202 Mport via a special adapter cable. Table B-2 details the interconnecting cable that should be used. This cable is available through Radyne ComStream (CPN 05-0505-001).Table B-2 Modem Adapter Cable
DB-9(Male) ABR Function DB-25
(Male) Modem Function
2 Out-Receive Data 2 In-Transmit Data
3 In-Transmit Data 3 Out-Receive Data
5 Signal Ground 7 Signal Ground
4 In-Data Terminal Ready 8 Out-Carrier Detect
6 Out-Data Set Ready 20 In-Data Terminal Ready
B-2 Modem Connection Telephone Modem Operation
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CInterfacility Link CableCharacteristics and Preparation
Cable Characteristics General Characteristics
All cables should be uniform in quality and free from any burrs, die marks, chamarks, foreign material, or other defects that may affect life, serviceability, orappearance.
The cable must be capable of being pulled in one-inch diameter conduit withboxes at 90° bends and every 200 feet, without distortion or change in electrperformance or structural integrity.
The cable should have a design life of 10 years after installation in an outdooenvironment and be subject to the complete range of industrial pollutants, temperature extremes, precipitation, humidity, solar radiation, and salt water corrosion typically encountered at the installation site.
The minimum bend radius should be five times the cable's outside diameter. electrical specifications must be met at the minimum bend radius.
Outer Cable Jacket
The jacket should cover the cable tightly and evenly in a manner consistent wthe physical, mechanical, environmental, and dimensional requirements. Theouter jacket material should be weatherproof and suitable for direct burial. A flooding compound must be applied to the outer braid under the jacket of thecoaxial cable to block moisture and resist corrosion.
Polyisobutylene is the recommended flooding compound. Polyvinyl- chlorideThermoplastic rubber, or Teflon are suitable jacket materials. The jacket musresist abrasion, scuffing, and peeling during the pulling process. The cable malso have sufficient flexibility at 15° F to permit installation.
Maximum shrinkage tolerance of the cable jacket should be sufficient to still allow full termination capability following any shrinkage.
Cable Characteristics Interfacility Link Cable Characteristics and Preparation C-1
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Cable Specificationsand Vendors
The following specifications define the required performance parameters of thIFL cable intended for use with the ABR202. The IFL cable must conform to these specifications to guarantee that the Radyne ComStream equipment wioperate properly. Table C-1 provides the recommended vendors for the RG-1cable. Table C-2 lists the recommended crimp tool and F-connector vendors.
Note: Especially important is the use of a quad-shielded coax for the RF cabWithout quad-shielding, your system may be subject to outside radio frequeninterference. This interference can degrade the performance of the ABR202 receiver.
Cable type is determined by the amount of maximum signal loss specified in TC-3.
Table C-1 Recommended Vendors, Quad-Shielded RG-11 Coax
Manufacturer Telephone # Manufacturer Part Number Preference Rank
Times Fiber(800) 688-6904
22821 1
2262 2
Comscope(800) 982-1708
22871 1
5950 21 Suitable for direct burial.
Table C-2 Recommended Vendors, F Connectors and Crimp Tool
Part Manufacturer Telephone # Manufacturer Part Number
F (male) connector Gilbert Engineering(800) 528-5567
GAF-11-AHS/480
Crimp Tool Gilbert Engineering(800) 528-5567
GCRT-211
Table C-3 Signal Loss per 100 Foot Length for Common Cable Types
Cable Type Loss Per 100 Feet
RG-11 (preferred) 5.9 dB
RG-35 3.7 dB
C-2 Cable Specifications and Vendors Interfacility Link Cable Characteristics and Preparation
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Generally, an IFL cable run of 0 to 420 feet (0 to 129 m) requires the followincable specifications:
IFL cable runs of 400 to 670 feet (123 to 206 m) require the following cable specifications:
Only N and UHF-type connectors are available. An N-to-F adapter must be uAn N-to-F adapter is Radyne ComStream part number 31-0121-032 or GilbeEngineering's NS-5504-1.
RG-35 cable is provided by Andrew Corporation (Andrew part number: LDF475A). The N plug (male) 50 ohm pin is Andrew part number: L4NM-7550, reference L44W-75.
LNB DC voltage drop should be less than 3 V, regardless of length, cable typLNB type, or data rate.
Cable type: RG-11
Impedance: 75 ohm
DC resistance: Less than 16.1 ohm per 1000 feet
Shield: Quad-shielding system
Shield coverage: 100%
Capacitance: 16.5 picofarads per foot
Jacket: PVC
Maximum loss: 5.9 dB per 100 feet at 1450 MHz
IDU connector: F male
ODU connector: F male
Cable type: RG-35
Impedance: 75 ohm
DC resistance: 1.15 ohm per 1000 feet
Shield: Single shield, solid
Shield coverage: 100%
Capacitance: 15.4 picofarads per foot
Jacket: Standard PVC
Maximum loss: 2.69 dB per 100 feet at 1500 MHz
Outside diameter: 0.63 in over jacket
Weight: 0.14 lbs/ft
IDU connector: N (male), F (male) available with adapter
ODU connector: N (male), F (male) available with adapter
Cable Specifications and Vendors Interfacility Link Cable Characteristics and Preparation C-3
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IFL Cable Preparation This section assumes an RG-11 coaxial cable is being used in the installationany other cable type, the procedures remain the same with only the dimensiochanging. Before connecting the coaxial cable, prepare it by attaching the F connectors as described here and as illustrated in Figure C-1:
1. Remove 3/4 inch (9.55 mm) of the cable jacket, being careful not to cut through the braid. Fold the first layer of exposed braid back over the jack
2. Cut through the remaining foil, braid, and dielectric to expose 1/4 inch of center conductor. Do not score the center conductor.
3. Remove the first foil, making sure the braid is not cut, and fold the seconbraid over the jacket.
4. Cut through the foil and dielectric to the center conductor an additional 3/8 inch. Do not score the center conductor.
5. Insert the connector over the foil and dielectric until it bottoms.
6. Crimp the collar using a .470 to .475 hex crimp tool, as shown in Figure C
Use the following steps to complete the connection of the coaxial cable:
1. Cut off approximately two inches of weatherproof, heat-shrink tubing (AlpPart Number FIT-650-3/4, or equivalent) and place it over the end of the ccable. When installation is complete, this is used to provide a weatherproshroud for the outdoor IFL connector, up to the body of the LNB downconverter.
2. Connect the IFL coax cable to the coaxial cable connector.
3. Slide the heat-shrink tubing over the coaxial connector and male F conneon the LNB downconverter so it completely envelops the threaded portionApply heat to the heat-shrink tubing in accordance with the manufacturerinstructions.
4. Loop the IFL cable and tie-wrap the cable to the lower feed rod. Loop thecable in such a way that the length of the cable between the LNB downconverter and the tie-wrap nearest it is approximately 10 inches.
5. Add additional tie-wraps along the lower feed rod at the middle and bottoas required, to secure the IFL cable.
C-4 IFL Cable Preparation Interfacility Link Cable Characteristics and Preparation
Figure C-1 Coax Cable and F Connector Assembly (to scale)
IFL Cable Preparation Interfacility Link Cable Characteristics and Preparation C-5
C-6 IFL Cable Preparation Interfacility Link Cable Characteristics and Preparation
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DDeployment of ABR202in Existing ABR200Networks
Overview This Technical Bulletin describes the procedure for deployment of ABR202 Digital Audio Broadcast Receivers within existing ABR200 networks. For furthinformation contact Radyne ComStream Customer Service at (619) 657-545phone, (619) 657-5455 FAX, or e-mail customerservice@Radyne ComStream.com.
Preparation of theNetwork Equipment
Prior to installation of any ABR202 units into the existing ABR200 network, some minor changes need to be made to the operating parameters in the netransmission equipment. These changes are detailed below.
ANMS Software Version If the ABR202 Network is currently being controlled through the use of RadynComStream's Audio Network Management System (ANMS), the ANMS shoube upgraded to version 4.33 (or higher) to support new features such as oveair software downloading.
ANMS software upgrades are available from Radyne ComStream Customer Service.
DAC400 or DAC700 CRCSetting
The source for the MPEG encoded audio stream in ABR200 networks may beither Radyne ComStream DAC400 or DAC700 Digital Audio Codecs. Factordefault settings for both the DAC400 and the DAC700 are for Musicam® encoaudio, which employs a slightly different CRC error detection algorithm than standard ISO MPEG encoded audio streams. Since the ABR202 no longer employs Musicam® technology, existing DAC400 and DAC700 encoders willneed to be set for standard ISO MPEG mode of CRC calculation.
ABR200 receiver with version 1.14 or later decoder software will automaticaloperate with either the Musicam® or ISO MPEG CRC with no intervention. Thas been installed in factory units for many years, and may be queried via thABR200 Monitor and Control port with the AT 4 command.
ABR200 receivers with software versions prior to 1.14 will need to be upgradeorder to introduce the ABR202 into the network. Refer to the ABR200 manuadetails.
Overview Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks D-1
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DAC400
To set the DAC400 to ISO MPEG mode, locate the set of ten DIP switches locon the right side of the rear panel on the DAC400. The switches are numberethrough 10. Switch number 4 is the control for the CRC calculation algorithm in the DAC400. If switch number 4 is up then the DAC400 is already in ISO MPmode. However, if switch number 4 is down then the DAC400 is in Musicam®mode, and must be switched to the up position. Refer to the DAC400 User's Gfor more details on the DAC400 configuration.
If the network is currently operating in Musicam® mode, then the ABR200 receivers in the network may output a short pop noise when the DIP switch oback of the DAC400 is changed. This is caused by the resynchronization of taudio decoder in the ABR200 to the new ISO MPEG algorithm.
DAC700
To set the DAC700 to ISO MPEG mode, connect a standard ASCII terminal owith a terminal emulator program to the Monitor and Control Port on the rearpanel of the DAC700. Default communication parameters are 1200 baud, 7 dbits, 1 stop bit, and odd parity. Refer to the DAC700 User's Guide for pinout information, if necessary. If the system is using an ANMS, you may directly communicate with the DAC700 with the ANMS Monitor and Control Application.
Once communication is established with the DAC700 M&C port, enter the command:
AS<space>1<cr>
where <space> is the keyboard space bar and <cr> is the carriage return or key.
If the network is currently operating with an AS value of 0 (Musicam® mode)then the ABR200 receivers in the network may output a short pop noise wheAS value is changed. This is caused by the resynchronization of the audio dein the ABR200 to the new ISO MPEG algorithm.
Note: Software prior to version 1.3 in the DAC700 does not properly retrieve "AS" value from its non-volatile memory following power on. This means thatafter power has been removed from the DAC700, the AS 1 command to set IMPEG mode must be re-entered from the terminal or ANMS to make the ABR202 remotes operate correctly.
Software version 1.3 does retrieve the “AS” value from its non-volatile memory correctly. However, the factory default value of AS is 0 and will need to be setafter reinitialization. If your DAC700 contains a software version prior to versi1.3, contact Radyne ComStream customer support for information on how toupgrade your unit.
D-2 DAC400 or DAC700 CRC Setting Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks
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ABR202 BackwardsCompatibility
The ABR202 was designed for full backwards-compatibility with the RF waveforms and the ABR200 command set, thus allowing the ABR202 to be deployed into existing ABR200 networks. In addition, a few minor changes anew features have been incorporated in the ABR202 to provide for wider applications and to simplify new installations.
Connectors
Minor changes were implemented in some of the ABR202 rear panel connecto simplify the connection of user DTE to the receiver. The addition of a DB-9user data port allows for direct connection to a personal computer's COM pora separate AES/EBU audio port eliminates the need for a special "octopus" con the auxiliary port. Changes to the pinout of the M&C port provide a direct connection with a personal computer's COM port.
Table D-1 Monitor and Control Port Pinouts
Pin Name ABR200 Pin ABR202 Pin Note
232 RCDSR J5 (DB-9), pin 6 M&C (DB-9), pin 1 Control from ABR
485 RCTD B (+) J5, pin 1 Pin 6 Data to ABR
485 RCRD B (+) J5, pin 8 Pin 7 Data from ABR
485 RCTD A (-) J5, pin 7 Pin 8 Data to ABR
232 RCRD J5, pin 2 Pin 2 Data from ABR
232 RCTD J5, pin 3 Pin 3 Data to ABR
232 RCDTR J5, pin 4 Pin 4 Control to ABR
Ground J5, pin 5 Pin 5
485 RCRD A (-) J5, pin 9 Pin 9 Data from ABR
Table D-2 User Data Port Pinouts
Pin Name ABR200 Pin ABR202 Pin Note
Ground J4 (DB-25), pin 1,4,7 USER DATA (DB-9), pin 5
232 UDTD J4, pin 2 pin 4 Data to ABR
232 UDRD J4, pin 3 pin 2 Data from ABR
232 UDDSR J4, pin 6 pin 1 Control from ABR
232 UDDTR J4, pin 20 pin 3 Control to ABR
Other pins No connection
ABR202 Backwards Compatibility Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks D-3
Table D-3 Printer Port Pinouts
Pin Name ABR200 Pin ABR202 Pin Note
232 PDSR J4 (DB-25), pin 13 PRINTER DATA(DB-25), pin 6
Control from ABR
232 PTXD J4, pin 14 pin 2 Data to ABR
232 PRXD J4, pin 16 pin 3 Data from ABR
232 PDTR J4, pin 19 pin 4 Control to ABR
422 PTXD B (+) J4, pin 25 pin 25 Data to ABR
422 PTXD A (-) J4, pin 12 pin 12 Data to ABR
422 PRXD B (+) J4, pin 24 pin 24 Data from ABR
422 PRXD A (-) J4, pin 11 pin 11 Data from ABR
Ground J4, pin 1,4,7 pin 13
Other pins No connection
Table D-4 Auxiliary Port Pinouts
Pin Name ABR200 Pin ABR202 Pin Note
Ground J2 (DB-15), pin 1 AUXILIARY (DB-15), pin 8
Status Relay NO J2, pin 2 pin 2
Status Relay Common
J2, pin 9 pin 9
Status Relay NC NA pin 1
422 RD B (+) J2, pin 10 pin 11 Data from ABR
422 RD A (-) J2, pin 3 pin 4 Data from ABR
422 RT B (+) J2, pin 11 pin 13 Clock from ABR
422 RT A (-) J2, pin 4 pin 6 Clock from ABR
422 TD B (+) J2, pin 14 pin 10 Data to ABR
422 TD A (-) J2, pin 7 pin 3 Data to ABR
422 TT B (+) J2, pin 13 pin 14 Clock to ABR
422 TT A (-) J2, pin 6 pin 7 Clock to ABR
Buffered AGC J2, pin 5 pin 5
M&C RESET J2, pin 12 pin 12
D-4 ABR202 Backwards Compatibility Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks
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Other connectors on the rear panel of the ABR202 carry the same pinout as corresponding connectors on the ABR200. Note the RF Output connector habeen removed on the ABR202 in favor of an external RF splitter with diode protected DC-coupling. Use of an external splitter eliminates the need to takedaisy-chained ABR200s off the air in order to service the first ABR200 in the chain and also increases the receive system reliability by providing two sepaDC power sources for the ODU.
Chassis Design
The design of the ABR202 supports tabletop or shelf mounting through the integrated feet and the reduced chassis size. Rack mount ears are included shipping kit of every ABR202 and will occupy two rack units in a standard 19rack. The ABR202 may be placed directly between other rack-mounted equipment with no additional air space required.
In contrast, the ABR200 was not easily mounted on the tabletop due to its physical size and the lack of integrated feet. Although it was one rack unit in height, the ABR200 also required one rack unit of free air space above it to allowfor cooling, hence a total of two rack units for mounting.
Front Panel LEDs
The front panel of the ABR202 contains three LED indicators, whereas the ABR200 contains six. This change was made to allow for multiple configuratiof the main motherboard, the addition of option cards, and to eliminate redundancy. All display indications, found on the front panel of the ABR200, provided on the front panel of the ABR202 by the use of bi-color LEDs. Refethe Theory of Operation section of the User's Guide for a full description of thfront panel LEDs. Table D-6 on the next page outlines the differences.
Table D-5 AES-EBU Port Pinouts
Pin Name ABR200 Pin ABR202 Pin Note
Ground J2 (DB-15), pin 1 AES-EBU (DB-15), pin 1
AES-EBU Digital Audio
J2, pin 15 (+)J2, pin 8 (-)
pin 15 (+)pin 8 (-)
OutputOutput
Other pins No connection
ABR202 Backwards Compatibility Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks D-5
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Dynamic Range
The RF Input carrier power is specified as -20 to -75 dBm for the ABR202, witotal aggregate power of less than 0 dBm. In contrast, the ABR200 carrier inppower is specified as -30 to -90 dBm, with an aggregate input of less than -3dBm.
Table D-6 Front Panel LEDs
LED Indicator ABR200 Definition ABR202 Definition
Power Green LED indicates power is applied to the unit
Bi-color LED.
Green indicates power is applied and the unit is operating without current faults. Red indicates power is applied and some operating faults exist, a logical sum of the ABR200 IDU Fault and ODU Fault LEDs.
IDU Fault Red LED indicates some operating faults exist in the IDU.
N/A
ODU Fault Red LED indicates low current draw in the ODU.
N/A
Signal Green LED changes mode to indicate estimated Eb/No. Steady LED indicates received Eb/No is greater than Q1 value. Blinking LED indicates received Eb/No between Q1 and Q0 values. LED off indicates received Eb/No is less than Q0 or unit is not locked to the input carrier.
N/A
RF Sync Green LED indicates demodulator and FEC is locked to the input carrier.
N/A
Audio Sync Green LED indicates audio decoder is locked to the recovered bitstream.
N/A
Sync N/A Green LED changes mode to indicate estimated Eb/No. Steady LED indicates received Eb/No is greater than Q1 value. Blinking LED indicates received Eb/No between Q1 and Q0 values. LED off indicates received Eb/No is less than Q0 or unit is not locked to the input carrier.
Enable N/A Green LED indicates demodulator, FEC, and audio decoder synchronization.
D-6 ABR202 Backwards Compatibility Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks
lite g with
the
uits, s.
This change provides for a wider range of applications for higher power sateltransponders, while still allowing for at least 10 dB of IFL cable loss (assumin160º K system noise temperature, 56 dB LNB gain, and operating at 128kbps5 dB Eb/No).
Reduced Power Consumption
Power consumption in the ABR202 is reduced approximately 23% over the ABR200, resulting in cooler operating temperatures and higher reliability. In addition, improved convection airflow through the chassis keeps internal air temperature rise to about 18º C above ambient.
Separate ANMS software downloading for ABR200 and ABR202
Due to the new hardware design, a separate over the air software download function for the ABR202 must be employed. This function has been added tolatest version of the Audio Network Management System (ANMS). Network administrators can control software downloads for ABR200 and ABR202 receivers within the same network from the same platform.
Both radio professionals and commercial audio network engineers know the ABR200 very well. It served these industries for many years with features and performance that were unmatched in the industry. Over this time, Radyne ComStream engineers have made several technological breakthroughs in Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), RF front-end design, and mechanical packaging that have resulted in smaller, more power-efficient circwhich meet or exceed the near-theoretical performance of their predecessorRadyne ComStream now offers this cutting edge technology in the ABR202 Digital Audio Receiver.
ABR202 Backwards Compatibility Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks D-7
D-8 ABR202 Backwards Compatibility Deployment of ABR202 in Existing ABR200 Networks
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ETroubleshooting Flowchart
Overview The flowchart found on the following pages was designed to help you diagnoand correct minor problems in the unlikely event that you experience difficultiwith your ABR202.
The first two pages of the flowchart list the primary symptoms you may experience. Whenever you experience any difficulties with the ABR202, begithe top of the first page of the flowchart and work your way through each primsymptom or question. If the flowchart directs you to another page, go to the referenced page and work through that procedure to resolve the symptom. Ifhave resolved a symptom but are still experiencing difficulties, again start at tbeginning of the flowchart and work through each symptom.
If you need additional information while working through the flowchart, refer to the chapter on Maintenance and Troubleshooting.
Troubleshooting Flowchart E-1
E-2 Troubleshooting Flowchart
No audioouput?
Audiodistorted?
Audio withnoise?
Audio with lowvolume?
No dataoutput?
No relayclosure?
ContactComStream for
technical support
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
From page E-2
Go to pageE-11
Go to pageE-12
Go to pageE-13
Go to pageE-14
Go to pageE-15
Go to pageE-16
G767-04
Troubleshooting Flowchart E-3
Reseat the power
cord plug.
Has AC power been
verified?
Verify the power source is
90 to 264 VAC, 47 to 63 Hz.
Has power cord
integrity been
checked?
Contact ComStream
for technical support.
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
POWER PROBLEMS
Power cord
securely plugged
in?
Verify power cord
integrity by replacing it
with a known working
power cord.
E-4 Troubleshooting Flowchart
Modem problem?
Ensure the correct terminal
and configuration is being
used. (Refer to Chapter 6 for
the terminal and configuration
specifications.)
Press the ENTER key on the
terminal keyboard.
Login message
displayed?
Enter the password.
No
Yes
Contact ComStream for
technical support in
determining initial problem.
Yes
No
Replace with the correct
cable (refer to Appendix B).
No
Yes
Contact ComStream
for technical support.
No
Yes
If the problem persists,
contact ComStream.
Reset M&C port;refer to Chapter 4.
Is the correct
cable being
used?
M & C
PROBLEMS
Are command
responses being
displayed?
Enable the echo feature
by entering EE 1.
Login message
displayed?
No Contact ComStream
for technical support.
Yes
G768-04
Troubleshooting Flowchart E-5
Has LNB beenreplaced?
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
RF input AC coupled?
ODUPROBLEMS
IFL cableconnected to
LNB and RF Inport?
Has cableconnectivity been
verified?
18 VDC atABR RF Inconnector?
Has maximumIFL length been
exceeded?
Contact ComStreamfor technical support.
G754-04
Replace LNB orrepair IFL short.Cycle power to resetLNB circuit breaker.If problem persistscontact ComStream.
LNB or IFLshort?
Yes
No
This is normal and indicatesno current is being drawn by
the LNB. Disable the indicatorusing the OM command.
Connect the cable toboth the LNB and RF In
port.
Verify cable andconnector integrity.
Contact ComStream for L-bandamplifier recommendations.
NOTE: Maximum voltage dropnot to exceed 3 VDC.
Replace theLNB.
E-6 Troubleshooting Flowchart
Connect spectrum analyzerto the IFL cable via DC
coupled splitter and ensure aproper L-band signal is
present. NOTE: DC blockmay be required at the inputof the Spectrum analyzer.
Audio Enablelight on?
Receiver requiresservice. Contact
ComStream.
ODU Faultbit in ST register
set?
Yes
No
Connect theterminal to the
M&C port.
Have configurationparameters been
confirmed?
Verify that the configurationparameters are correct forthe installed application.
See commands CC, FD, FS,and DI.
Repeak antennaif required.
Yes
No
No
Yes
RF SYNCPROBLEMS
Follow the procedurefor when the ODUFault is indicated.
Sync light onintermittently?
Yes
No
Follow the procedurefor when the Synclight is intermittent.
G755-04
Troubleshooting Flowchart E-7
Audio encoder atuplink functioning?
Contact ComStreamfor technical support.
Problem is at theuplink.
Yes
No
AUDIO ENABLEPROBLEMS
G756-04
E-8 Troubleshooting Flowchart
Enter the commandsQ0 ?, Q1 ?, and EB ?.
If EB is less than the default valueof Q1, repeak the antenna for
maximum signal strength.
INTERMITTENT SYNCLIGHT PROBLEMS
NOTE:If EB > Q1 the Signal light will be onIf Q0 < EB < Q1 the Signal light will blinkIf EB < Q0 the Signal light will be off
Default values:Q0 = 4.0 dbQ1 = 7.0 db
G757-04
Troubleshooting Flowchart E-9
Fault lightblinking?
Connect the terminalto the M&C port.
Yes
No
Software download attemptnot successful.
Retry download.
Identify the fault usingthe FL command.
Action required depends upon the type(s) of fault(s).
NOTE: Faults 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are common faults andmay indicate the following:
• CC or FD configured incorrectly for carrier acquisition
• Carrier not present
If the above faults are present, please verify carrierstatus and configuration before contacting ComStreamfor support.
IDU FAULT PROBLEMS
G758-04
E-10 Troubleshooting Flowchart
Verify connector integrity and
cabling connections at the Audio
Out port.
Test the right and left
channel outputs using the
AT command.
If audio is still not present,
contact ComStream for
technical support.
AUDIO OUTPUTPROBLEMS
Verify audio is enabled.
(Refer to the AS
command.)
Yes
Check with the uplink
operator for proper
authorization.
No
Verify audio is enabled usingthe FD and FS commands.NOTE: If the current formatdefinition, as selected by theFS parameter, does not havea 1, 3, 5 or 7 as the last digit,
then audio is not enabled.
G769-04
Troubleshooting Flowchart E-11
Sync light off or
blinking?
Yes
No
Problem may be low signal
strength. Follow the
procedure for when the
Signal light is on.
Check external connections to
the audio output port for shorts
or intermittent connections.
(See note below.)
If the problem persists, contact
ComStream for technical
support.
NOTE:
If audio output feeds several pieces of equipment,
disconnect the equipment and monitor the audio
at the connector. If the problem disappears, then a
wiring problem to the external equipment exists, or
operate the equipment via a distribution amplifier.
AUDIO
DISTORTION
PROBLEMS
G770-04
E-12 Troubleshooting Flowchart
If operating in joint stereo mode, check
with both the uplink and downlink to verify
proper left and right audio channel polarity
and phase.
If the problem persists,
contact ComStream for
technical support.
AUDIO NOISE
PROBLEMS
Troubleshooting Flowchart E-13
Ensure the connections at the uplink and
downlink are correct for both signal
polarities (+ and -). When operating with
a single connection (e.g., + only) the
ouput level is 6 dB down when compared
to balanced operation.
AUDIO LOW PROBLEMS
E-14 Troubleshooting Flowchart
Verify data is enabled using the FD and
FS commands.
NOTE: If the current format definition, as
selected by the FS parameter, does not
have a 2, 3, 6, or 7 as the last digit, then
data is not enabled.
Verify the interface cable and
connector integrity. Data port
pinouts are listed in Appendix A.
Verify external DTE equipment
and data port configuration
parameters match. (See P1
command.)
Generate test data
internally with command
X1 1.
Data output?
Turn off the test by
entering X1 0 and contact
the uplink operator to
verify data transmission.
Try connecting another type of
DTE, such as a video terminal. If
data is still not available, contact
ComStream for technical support.
Yes
No
Check with the uplink
operator for proper
authorization.
No
Yes
DATA
PROBLEMS
Troubleshooting Flowchart E-15
Enter command
CO ?
If any X is replaced by a 1 or 0,
the uplink will not be able to
control the relays.
Enter CO XXXXXXXX so that
the uplink can control relays.
Yes
No
RELAY
PROBLEMS
Ensure proper connections are
made to the Relay/Control port
and the cable is properly
wired.
Use the built-in relay test
(CO command).
Contact ComStream for
technical support.
Verify the relays are enabled using the
FD and FS commands.
NOTE: If the current format definition, as
selected by the FS parameter, does not
have a 4, 5, 6, or 7 as the last digit, then
the relays are not enabled.
Check with the uplink
operator for proper
authorization.
No
Yes
Does
CO = XXXXXXXX?
E-16 Troubleshooting Flowchart
