ATFM Delays in Europe - Eurocontrol · from these categories to IATA codes is summarised in Figure 17. ... flight of 17 mins, the Canaries region experienced capacity delays during

Delays decreased in November 2012 to a 5-year low, with airline data for all-causes delay showing an average delay per delayed flight of 26 minutes, this was a decrease of 7% in comparison to the delays observed in November 2011. Reactionary delays also decreased to a lower level than last year, there was also a continuation in the trend of early arrivals.

Delays decreased in November 2012 to a 5-year low, with airline data for all-causes delay showing an average delay per delayed flight of 26 minutes, this was a decrease of 7% in comparison to the delays observed in November 2011. Reactionary delays also decreased to a lower level than last year, there was also a continuation in the trend of early arrivals.

Digest – Delays to Air Transport in Europe November 2012

FOREWORD

This report gives an overview of the delay situation in the European Civil Aviation Conference Area. This report has been prepared by the Central Office for Delay Analysis (CODA), a service of EUROCONTROL. It is based on the EUROCONTROL CODA database which contains delay data provided directly by airlines.

The report consists of an overview of the reporting period, a summary of the main delay effects, and a series of charts and graphics, which illustrate the main characteristics of the reporting period. A glossary of terms and abbreviations used throughout the report is given in Annex 1.

Airline data from the CODA database contains real recorded delays provided to CODA by airlines and is based on the difference between scheduled time of departure and actual off block time.

This report discusses delays from all-causes; for information regarding ATFCM delays see the complementary reports available at http://www.eurocontrol.int/articles/network-operations-monitoring-and-reporting

Table of Contents

1. Headlines and Overview. ........................................................................................................................ 3

2. All-Causes Departure Delay Summary ...................................................................................................

Arrival Delay Summary ...................................................................................................... 10

of Significant Events in November 2012. .............................................................................. 12

tors............................................................................ 15

s departure delay by hour....................................................................................................... 17

...... 20

TA Delay Sub-Codes (AHM731) ........................................................................................ 22

rovided r sale).

nd all

ue

Ce

tp://www.eurocontrol.int/coda

6

3. All-Causes

4. Summary

5. Scheduling Indicators............................................................................................................................ 12

A. Year-on-Year Trends in All-Causes Delay Indica

B. Busiest Airport pairs .............................................................................................................................. 16

C. All-cause

D. Average Delay per Delayed Flight & Percentage of Flights Delayed at Departure Airports ................. 18

E. Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................... 19

F. Standard IATA Delay Codes (AHM730)..........................................................................................

G. Standard IA

H. Correlation between IATA Delay Codes and the CFMU Reasons for Regulation ................................. 23

I. November 2012 CODA coverage of commercial flights in the ECAC region. ....................................... 24

© 2013 European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (EUROCONTROL)

This document is published by EUROCONTROL for information purposes. It may be copied in whole or in part pthat EUROCONTROL is mentioned as the source and to the extent justified by the non-commercial use (not foThe information in this document may not be modified without prior written permission from EUROCONTROL.

The use of this document is at the user’s sole risk and responsibility. EUROCONTROL expressly disclaims any awarranties with respect to any content within the document, express or implied.

Central Office for Delay Analysis EUROCONTROL 96 R de la Fusée B - 1130 Brussels The ntral Office for Delay Analysis (CODA) is ISO 9001:2008 certified. Tel: + 32-2 729 33 91

Fax : + 32-2 729 90 04 E-M : [email protected] ail Web Site: ht

Date of publication of this issue: 16/01/2013

EUROCONTROL 2 CODA


1. and Overview.

2 saw a record 5 year low for all-causes of delay with an average delay per h. Reactionary delays also decreased to

last year with a 42% share of delay minutes alongside a fall in traffic of 3.7%.

aw a day of action in with flights in Spain, Portugal and France, tion in the form of cancellations, these estimated at 1500

ights rather than long delays. The 15th November saw a strike in Marseille with delays being timated 250 flight cancellations. London Heathrow experienced

weather delays from strong winds and low visibility during the month, notably on the 15th November. Amsterdam Schiphol and Oslo also suffered from fog and snowfall.

The average delay per delayed flight (ADD) for departure traffic decreased by 2 minutes to 26 minutes per flight. In regard to arrival delay, this fell by 3 minutes per flight to 26 minutes per flight.

The percentage of flights delayed (by 5 minutes or more) decreased by 4 percentage points to 31% on departure and by 5 percentage points for those on arrival to 29%.

Figure 1. Average Delay per Delayed Departure and Percentage of Delayed Departures Comparison

Headlines

November 201delayed flight of 26 minutes being observed for the monta lower level than

On the 14th November, Europe sthese countries experienced disrupflobserved there were also an es

Figure 2. Average Delay per Delayed Arrival and Percentage of Delayed Arrivals Comparison

EUROCONTROL 3 CODA


Analysis of the delay causes contributing to the November 2012 average delay per flight of 8 ase in the contribution of reactionary delay, this was down from

elated delay also decreased, this was down to 2.3 minutes minutes (Figure 3) shows a decre4.2 to 3.2 minutes per flight. Airline rper flight from 2.6 minutes per flight in 2011. ATFM en-route related delays remained stable at 0.3 minutes per flight. ATFCM Weather delay contribution also fell by 0.4 minutes per flight.

Note: IATA Delay Code 19 (Passengers with Reduced Mobility) is included in airline grouping

Figure 3. Primary delay causes, November 2011 vs. November 2012

Figure 4. Primary delay causes, November 2011 vs. November 2012

EUROCONTROL 4 CODA


Figure 5. ATFM Share of All-Causes Primary Delay.

Looking further into the history of the ATFM proportion of primary delay (Figure 5), the en-route percentage share of the total primary delay minutes was 7.7%, this was a slight increase in share compared to November 2011 however actual delay minutes fell by 10%. The share of ATFM airport delay decreased by 2 percentage points, with total ATFCM airport delay minutes also

falling by 33% in comparison to November 2011 (Figure 4).

EUROCONTROL 5 CODA


2. All-Causes Departure Delay Summary 1

The average delay per flight from all causes of delay decreased by 19%, to 8 minutes per flight when compared to November 2011(Figure 6).

In November 2012, 47% of flights departed within the 5 minute threshold before or after the scheduled departure time. Flights departing >5 minutes ahead of schedule increased to 22% (Figure 7) which may have an impact on airport operations for example gate availability.

Figure 6. Average delay per flight (All-Causes) for Departures

Figure 7. All-Causes Departure Punctuality 2011 vs. 2012

1A flight is considered delayed as from 5 minutes.

The analysis was based on airline data provided to CODA. Unless otherwise mentioned, a flight is considered delayed/advanced as from 5 minutes.

EUROCONTROL 6 CODA


Figure 8. Long departure delays >120 minutes

Figure 9. Primary and reactionary all-cause delay, by IATA code (%)

Figure 9 shows: Reactionary delay saw a decrease in its contribution to the average delay per flight from 4.2 to 3.2 minutes, its percentage share of the total delay minutes also fell to 42%.

chnical and Aircraft Equipment delay saw a reduction of 0.2 minutes with its percentage in share remaining a 11% of delay minutes. ATFM Weather at Destination saw a fall in contribution

0.4 minutes per flight and a 3 point fall in its share of the total delay minutes. ATFM En-Route Demand & Capacity delay in minutes decreased by 0.1 minutes to 0.2 minutes per flight. The link

Te

of

from these categories to IATA codes is summarised in Figure 17.

EUROCONTROL 7 CODA


Figur re Airports November 2012

Rank Departure Airport ICAO Code

Average Delay per Departure

(mins)

Average Delay per

Flight Percentage Change (vs.

Nov 12)

Average Delay per Delayed

Departure

Percentage Delayed

Departures

e 10. All-Causes Delay. Top 20 Affected Departu

1 LAS PALMAS GCLP 17.3 82% 34.9 49.6%

2 LISBOA LPPT 15.5 24% 29.0 53.2%

3 LONDON/HEATHROW EGLL 10.4 -11% 23.7 44.0%

4 MANCHESTER EGCC 10.4 5% 28.0 37.2%

5 MADRID BARAJAS LEMD 10.3 -28% 25.0 41.3%

6 PARIS CH DE

GAULLE LFPG 9.5 -22% 22.0 43.2%

7 ROME FIUMICINO LIRF 9.2 -8% 22.1 41.7%

8 ISTANBUL-ATATURK LTBA 9.2 2% 33.3 27.6%

9 PARIS ORLY LFPO 8.5 -6% 24.5 34.6%

10 LONDON/GATWICK EGKK 8.3 8% 22.0 37.9%

11 SCHIPHOL

AMSTERDAM EHAM 8.3 -41% 22.2 37.5%

12 WARSZAWA/OKECIE EPWA 8.3 -22% 32.5 25.6%

13 VENEZIA TESSERA LIPZ 8.0 -35% 27.0 29.6%

14 NICE LFMN 7.3 -17% 21.4 34.2%

15 LYON SATOLAS LFLL 6.9 8% 24.9 27.8%

16 TOULOUSE BLAGNAC

LFBO 6.9 -22% 21.8 31.5%

17 MARSEILLE PROVENCE

LFML 6.9 -10% 26.7 25.7%

18 STOCKHOLM-

ARLANDA ESSA 6.7 12% 23.1 29.1%

19 DUESSELDORF EDDL 6.7 -9% 19.0 35.2%

20 ZURICH LSZH 6.6 -20% 16.5 39.8%

Figure 11. Main delay causes at the top 10 affected departure airports

Las Palmas ranked top of the Top 20 affected airports in November with an average delay per flight of 17 mins, the Canaries region experienced capacity delays during the month with a high share of reactionary delays being noted. Lisbon also experienced delays, with en-route delays from industrial action and staffing affecting flights as well as reactionary delays. London Heathrow saw an average delay per flight of 10 minutes, a high proportion of airline-related delays were observed as well as delays due to weather. See (Annex D). From of the major airports a general improvement in delays was observed. For arrival delay information see (Figure 15).

EUROCONTROL 8 CODA


Figure 12. All-Causes delay situation for the 20 most affe or ov

Rank Departure Airport Arrival Airport Av

DelayDepar

vela

Flight

Chan(vs. Nov

11)

Delay Per Delayed

Departu

Percentage Delayed

partures

cted airp

erage Per

ADe

Percentage

t pairs N

rage y per

Average

ember 2012

ture ge re

De

1 BARCELONA 21.1 125% 41.7 LISBOA 50.5%

2 TENE MADRID RAJ 20.2 23% 31.5 RIFE NORTE BA AS 64.4%

3 L MADRID BARAJ 16. 13% 26.4 AS PALMAS AS 4 62.2%

4 LONDON A 15. -16% 26.9 /HEATHROW LISBO 6 58.1%

5 AERO

A 15.5 50% 53.3 PO

MADEIRA RTO DA

LISBO 29.0%

6 STAPARIS CH DE

15.4 16% 33.3 I NBUL-ATATURK GAULLE

46.3%

7 MADRI LAS PALMAS 15.2 7% 25.4 D BARAJAS 59.7%

8 BARCELONA A 15.0 67% 35.3 LISBO 42.6%

9 PAR

GISTANBUL-ATATURK 14.6 2% 23.3

IS CH DE AULLE

62.4%

10 ND THR 14.4 -26% 26.6 LISBOA LO ON/HEA OW 54.2%

11 MAD A 14.2 19% 30.2 RID BARAJAS LISBO 46.9%

12 MADRID BARAJPARIS CH DE

LE 13.8 16% 25.4 54.4% AS

GAUL

13 LISBOA PORTO 13.8 108% 26.7 51.6%

14 LISBOA MADRID AS 13.5 -4% 30.2 44.8% BARAJ

15 MADRID MILANO MALPEN 13. -20% 25.7 BARAJAS SA 4 52.2%

16 LONDON RO ICIN 12. 13% 23.0 /HEATHROW ME FIUM O 9 56.1%

17 TAN YA 12.5 183% 73.7 IS BUL-ATATURK ANTAL 17.0%

18 MADRID TENERIFE NORT 12.3 -28% 23.4 BARAJAS E 52.8%

19 ROME FIUMICINO MADRID BARAJAS 11.9 -37% 24.1 49.1%

20 ROME FIUMICINO LONDON/HEATHROW 11.8 -22% 22.7 51.8%

The Top 20 Most-Affected Airport Pairs shows that flights from Lisbon and the Canary Islands experienced delays. An large increase in delay was noted between Lisbon and Barcelona with en-route delays from and ATC staffing affecting flights, the average delay per flight on this sector was 21 minutes for the month. Flights to Madrid Barajas from Tenerife and Las Palmas also experienced delays, particularly from the late arriving flights creating reactionary delays. For further information on arrival delays see (Figure 16).

EUROCONTROL 9 CODA


3. All-Causes Arrival Delay Summary 2

The average delay per flight on arrival from all causes decreased from 10 minutes to 8 minutes per flight, this was a 23% decrease. (see Figure 13).

Analys arri Figur s th r tim n the 5 minute threshold before or after the scheduled arrival time. 33% of flights arrived between 5 and 15 minutes earlier of their scheduled arrival time. More importantly the percentage of flights arriving >15 ahead of schedule incre .

Figure 13. Av ht (all- ) for Arriv

is of val punctuality e 14, show at 26% of flights ar ived on e withi

ased to 12%

erage delay per flig Causes als

Figure 1 ll- nc 012

4. A Causes arrival pu tuality 2011 vs. 2

2 The analysis was based on airline data provided to CODA. Unless otherwise mentioned, a flight is considered delayed/advanced as from 5 minutes.

EUROCONTROL 10 CODA


Figure 15. All-Causes Delay. Top 20 Affected Arrival Airports November 2012

erage Average

Delay per

ange (vs.

Average

Delayed Arrival

Rank Arrival Airport ICAO Code

Delay per

Arrival (mins)

Flight Percentage Ch

Delay per

Percentage Delayed Arrivals

Av

Nov 11)

1 LISBOA LPPT 16.9 29% 31.8 53.1%

2 LAS PALMAS GCLP 15.2 56% 29.1 52.4%

3 MADRID BARAJAS LEMD 10.7 -44% 26.0 41.0%

4 MANCHESTER EGCC 9.9 2% 36.1 27.4%

5 OSLO/GARDERMOEN ENGM 9.4 -19% 24.7 38.2%

6 LONDON/GATWICK EGKK 9.3 -5% 32.9 28.2%

7 LONDON/HEATHROW EGLL 8.9 -22% 28.9 30.7%

8 MARSEILLE PROVENCE

LFML 8.5 14% 25.7 33.1%

9 PARIS CH DE

GAULLE LFPG 8.3 -14% 25.9 32.1%

10 LONDON/STANSTED EGSS 8.0 0% 33.1 24.3%

11 PARIS ORLY LFPO 7.8 -13% 25.4 30.8%

12 TOULOUSE BLAGNAC

LFBO 7.8 -4% 21.0 37.2%

13 NICE LFMN 7.3 -13% 21.9 33.1%

14 STAVANGER/SOLA ENZV 7.2 2% 24.4 29.5%

15 VENEZIA TESSERA LIPZ 7.2 -29% 27.2 26.3%

16 STOCKHOLM-

ARLANDA ESSA 7.1 16% 24.4 29.3%

17 KOELN-BONN EDDK 6.9 -11% 26.1 26.6%

18 MILANO MALPENSA LIMC 6.8 2% 26.3 25.8% -2

19 LYON SATOLAS LFLL 6.6 -5% 24.3 27.3%

20 HELSINKI-VANTAA EFHK 6.5 -1% 25.5 25.5%

Figure 16. Main delay causes at the top 10 affected arrival airports

When analysing thea

Top 20 affected arrival airports; Lisbon experienced delays from en-route nd ATC staffing that affected earlier flights consequently a high share of reactionary delay was

eather .

noted, this resulted in average delay per flight of 17 minutes. The effect of seasonal wconditions can be observed particularly at London Heathrow, Paris CDG and London Stansted

EUROCONTROL 11 CODA


Figure 17. Link between CODA Causes and IA c

TA delay odes.

CODIATA

A CAUSE Description Code

Passenger and Baggage 11‐19

Cargo and Mail 21‐29

Aircraft a p Handling nd Ram 31‐39

Technical ircra uipm and A ft Eq ent 41‐49 Ai

Damage t P/Aut ted Equipment Fao Aircraft & ED oma ilure 51‐58

Flight Op s an ewingeration d Cr 61‐69

rline

Other Air late uses line Re d Ca Others

ATFM due to Restriction at Destin Air ation port 83

Airport Facilities 87

Restrictio irpo Dest n ns at A rt of inatio 88 Airport

Restrictio irpo Departure ns at A rt of 89

ATFM due C En ute Demand / Capacity to AT ‐Ro 81 En‐Route

ATFM due C St Equipment En‐Route to AT aff / 82

Governmental Security a igr n nd Imm atio 85‐86

Weather ( than FM) other AT 71‐79 Weather

ATFM due Destin to Weather at ation 84

Primary Delay Cau

ses

scellanMi eous Miscellaneous 98‐99

eactioR nary Late Arrival craft, Passengers of Air Crew, or Load 91‐96

4. Summary of Significant Events in November 2012.

European Day of action in Spain, Portugal and France these countries experienced

disruption mainly by cancellations estimated at 1500 flights rather than delays. Social issues affected capacity in Portugal notably Lisbon. Weather conditions, particularly low visibility and winds impacted operations at London

Heathrow, Amsterdam Schiphol, Paris CDG & ORY, Munich, Vienna, Geneva and Oslo airports.

Southerly winds at Istanbul Ataturk limited the use of the optimum runway configuration. Environmental constraints at Zurich airport restricted the use of the optimum runway

configuration.

Canary Island airports experienced delays due to capacity as a result of runway

Marseille industrial action 15th November.

configurations from southerly winds.

EUROCONTROL 12 CODA


5. Scheduling Indicators

Scheduling correctly is a difficult art: if too long a time is blocked for a flight, the airline wil able to make best use of resourc astructure. But too short a time can arguably be worse as late flights generat y with late incoming aircraft and passengers from previous flights having to be accomm on time but arrive after the schedu e of arrival, they cause reactiona

The first of the new COD ot (BT is indicator describes the perc l block time that exceeds the sc d block time.

In November 2012 the BTO decreased by 3 points to 28% ared to November 2011. This indicates that less fligh scheduled block t . In com ison to r 20 o decreased, this falling by 3 percentage points. However this figure ill hi flights arriving ahead of schedule, which may have an impact o ate availability.

Figure 18. Block Time Overs

l not bees - staff, airframes, infre rotational delaodated. When flights leave ry delays.

led tim

A Scheduling indicators is the Block Time Oversho O). Thentage of flights with an actua hedule

when compts had an actual block time exceeding the ime

par Octobeis st

12 the BTO alsgh and relates to the percentage ofn airport operations for example g

hoot (BTO).

EUROCONTROL 13 CODA


tors is the Delay Difference Indicator - Flight (DDI-F). This shows punctuality expressed in minutes. This can be

The second of the new indicathe difference between departure and arrival indicated as a positive or negative figure, for example a flight departing with 20 minutes delay and arriving with 30 minutes arrival delay will have a DDI-F of +10 minutes.

The DDI-F on European flights in November 2012 was -4.0 minutes per flight, this was a small improvement in comparison to November 2011, where the DDI-F was -3.2 minutes per flight.

Figure 19. Delay Difference Indicator – Flight (DDI-F)

EUROCONTROL 14 CODA


A. Year-on-Year Trends in All-Causes Delay Indicators

This annex summarises the year-on-year trends in the main indicators of delay from all causes. A flight is considered delayed from 5 minutes. This is based on CODA data covering 64% of commercial flights in the ECAC region in November 2012.

Figure 20. Average all-causes delay/delayed flight (departures left, arrivals right)

Figure 21. Percentage of flights delayed for all-causes delay (departures left, arrivals right)

Figure 22. Percentage of flights delayed > 15mins for all-causes (departures left, arrivals right)

EUROCONTROL 15 CODA


Rank Between airport and airport Flights/Day

NOV12

since

NOV11 (%)

B. Busiest Airport pairs

Figure 23. Busiest airport pairs for flights in November 2012

Change

1 MADRID BARAJAS BARCELONA 62.6 -24%

2 ISTANBUL-ATATURK IZMIR-ADNAN-

MENDERES 60.3 16%

3 TRONDHEIM/VAERNES OSLO/GARDERMOEN 56.3 -1%

4 TOULOUSE BLAGNAC PARIS ORLY 55.1 1%

5 BERGEN/FLESLAND OSLO/GARDERMOEN 54.2 -5%

6 ROME FIUMICINO MILANO LINATE 54.1 3%

7 STAVANGER/SOLA OSLO/GARDERMOEN 50.5 -2%

8 NICE PARIS ORLY 46.4 3%

9 ISTANBUL-ATATURK ANKARA-ESENBOGA 46.0 -2%

10 FRANKFURT MAIN TEGEL-BERLIN 40.5 0%

11 HELSINKI-VANTAA STOCKHOLM-

ARLANDA 40.2 9%

12 MUENCHEN 2 TEGEL-BERLIN 39.7 -3%

13 HAMBURG MUENCHEN 2 39.4 0%

14 DUESSELDORF MUENCHEN 2 38.7 -6%

15 GUERNSEY JERSEY 38.5 -20%

16 PALMA DE MALLORCA BARCELONA 38.2 -16%

17 ISTANBUL-ATATURK ANTALYA 38.2 -8%

18 LONDON/HEATHROW SCHIPHOL

ERDAM 38.1 2%

AMST

19 FRANKFURT MAIN LOND HEATHROW 38.0 1% ON/

20 KOELN-BONN TEGEL-BERLIN 37.5 22%

ence Area (ESRA08) than in November 2011.

Madrid Barajas to Barcelona was the busiest airport pairing in November, however this pair did see a decrease in the number of flights of 24% a continuation in the trend of falling traffic in Spain. Istanbul Ataturk to Izmir ranked second where an increase of 16% was observed.

In November 2012 there were 3.7% fewer flights in the EUROCONTROL Statistical Refer

EUROCONTROL 16 CODA


C. All-causes departure delay by hour

ay and major causes.

Figure 24. All-causes departure delay by hour of the day November 2012.

This annex summarises the all-cause delay by hour of the d

Figure 25. All-caus e r of ember 2011.

es d parture delay by hou the day Nov

EUROCONTROL 17 CODA


D. Average Delay per Delayed Flight & Percentage of Flights Delayed at Departure

ummarises the average delay per delayed flight (ADD) on departure and percentage of flights delayed (PDF) on

s. PDF November 2012 (2012 top 20 airports for average delay/flight are labelled)

Airports

For airports with an average of more than 80 departures a day, this annex s

departure in the month.

Figure 26. ADD v

igure 27. ADD vs. PDF November 2011 (2011 top 20 airports for average delay/flight are labelled)

F

EUROCONTROL 18 CODA


EUROCONTROL 19 CODA

l Flights TRF Total Regulated Flights

PRF Percentage of Regulated Flights PDF Percentage of Delayed Flights TDM Total Delay in Minutes ADM Average Delay per Movement ADR Average Delay per Regulated Flight ADD Average Delay per Delayed Flight

Glossary of Terms ACC Area Control Centre AEA Association of European Airlines AHM Airport Handling Manual ATFM Air Traffic Flow Management (used by IATA in the Standard IATA Delay Codes) ATFCM Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management (used by NM as a more comprehensive reference to the function)

BTO Block Time Overshoot CODA Central Office for Delay Analysis DDI-F Delay Difference Indicator - Flight DNM Directorate Network Management NMOC NM Operations Centre (Network Manager) ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference FDPS Flight Data Processing System FMP Flow Management Position IACA International Air Carrier Association IATA International Air Transport Association

E. Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations

Delay Parameter Abbreviations

TTF Tota

TDF Total Delayed Flights

ATS Air Traffic Services


F. Standard IATA Delay Codes (AHM730)

Others 00-05 AIRLINE INTERNAL CODES

NO LABILITY DUE TO OWN AIRLINE ACTIVITY SCH TIME LESS THAN DECLARED MINIMUM GROUND TIME

LATLAT

CHOVBO missing checked-in passenger

(PS) COMMERCIAL PUBLICITY/PASSENGER CONVENIENCE, VIP, press, ground meals and missing personal itemCAT r BAG

RED s with reduced mobility.

(CP) LATE POSITIONING LATINA

(CO) OVERSALES, booking errors LAT

DO (CL) LATE POSITIONING (Mail Only)

LAT

AIR etc. LOA staff

5 (GC) AIRCRAFT CLEANING FUE er CAT

(GU) ULD, lack of or serviceability akdown, lack of staff, e.g. pushback

AIR (TM) SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE, late release.

and/or additional works beyond normal maintenance

(TS) SPARES AND MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown. AOAIR

(TL) STAND-BY AIRCRAFT, lack of planned stand-by aircraft for technical reasons. SCH

DAM ing strike, turbulence, heavy or overweight landing, collision during taxiing DAM ons (other than during taxiing), loading/off-loading damage, con

(ED) DEPARTURE CONTROL CARFLI

(EO) OTHER AUTOMATED SYSTEM

06 (OA) GATE/STAND AVAI09 (SG) EDULED GROUND

Passenger and Baggage 11 (PD) E CHECK-IN, acceptance after deadline 12 (PL) E CHECK-IN, congestions in check-in area 13 (PE) ECK-IN ERROR, passenger and baggage 14 (PO) ERSALES, booking errors 15 (PH) ARDING, discrepancies and paging,16

s 17 (PC) ERING ORDER, late or incorrect order given to supplie

18 (PB) GAGE PROCESSING, sorting etc. r19 (PW) UCED MOBILITY, boarding / deboarding of passenge

Cargo and Mail 21 (CD) DOCUMENTATION, errors etc. 2223 (CC) E ACCEPTANCE 24 (CI) DEQUATE PACKING 2526 (CU) E PREPARATION IN WAREHOUSE 27 (CE) CUMENTATION, PACKING etc (Mail Only) 2829 (CA) E ACCEPTANCE (Mail Only)

Aircraft and Ramp Handling 31 (GD) CRAFT DOCUMENTATION LATE/INACCURATE, weight and balance, general declaration, pax manifest,

32 (GL) DING/UNLOADING, bulky, special load, cabin load, lack of loading33 (GE) DING EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown, e.g. container pallet loaLOA der, lack of staff34 (GS) SERVICING EQUIPMENT, lack of or breakdown, lack of staff, e.g. steps 336 (GF) LLING/DEFUELLING, fuel suppli37 (GB) ERING, late delivery or loading 3839 (GT) TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT, lack of or bre

Technical and Aircraft Equipment 41 (TD) CRAFT DEFECTS. 4243 (TN) NON-SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE, special checks

schedule. 4445 (TA) G SPARES, to be carried to another station. 46 (TC) CRAFT CHANGE, for technical reasons. 4748 (TV) EDULED CABIN CONFIGURATION/VERSION ADJUSTMENTS.

Damage to Aircraft & EDP/Automated Equipment Failure 51 (DF) AGE DURING FLIGHT OPERATIONS, bird or lightn

52 (DG) AGE DURING GROUND OPERATIONS, collisitamination, towing, extreme weather conditions

5556 (EC) GO PREPARATION/DOCUMENTATION 57 (EF) GHT PLANS 58

EUROCONTROL 20 CODA


EUROCONTROL 21 CODA

61 (FP) FLIGHT PLAN, late completion or change of, flight documentation F) ONAL REQUIREMENTS, fuel, load alteration

3 (FT) CREW BOARDING OR DEPARTURE PROCEDURES, other than connection and standby (flight deck or

t time limitations, crew meals, valid visa,

) G OR DEPARTURE PROCEDURES, other than connection and standby 7 (FC) ckness, awaiting standby, flight time limitations, crew meals, valid visa, health

, not within operational requirements extraordinary

Wea

erviceability of equipment

IMPAIRED BY ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS

ATF RNMENTAL AUTHORITIES

AIR ANAGEMENT RESTRICTIONS TY, standard demand/capacity problems

OUTE, reduced capacity caused by industrial action or staff extraordinary demand due to capacity reduction in neighbouring

ON AIRPORT, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction, l unrest, noise abatement, night curfew, special flights

4 (AW) ATION

AIR T AND GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITIES

s, gate limitations, etc. TINATION, airport and/or runway closed due to obstruction, industrial se abatement, night curfew, special flights

TH OR WITHOUT ATFM RESTRICTIONS, including Air obstruction or weather3, industrial ghts

ther flight

tire crew) consolidation, aircraft change for reasons other than technical

Mis

8 (MO)

CE

Flight Operations and Crewing

62 (F OPERATI6 LATE

entire crew) 64 (FS) FLIGHT DECK CREW SHORTAGE, sickness, awaiting standby, fligh

health documents, etc. 65 (FR) FLIGHT DECK CREW SPECIAL REQUEST, not within operational requirements 66 (FL LATE CABIN CREW BOARDIN6 CABIN CREW SHORTAGE, si

documents, etc. 68 (FA) CABIN CREW ERROR OR SPECIAL REQUEST

, 69 (FB) CAPTAIN REQUEST FOR SECURITY CHECK

ther 71 (WO) DEPARTURE STATION 72 (WT) DESTINATION STATION 73 (WR) EN ROUTE OR ALTERNATE 75 (WI) DE-ICING OF AIRCRAFT, removal of ice and/or snow, frost prevention excluding uns76 (WS) REMOVAL OF SNOW, ICE, WATER AND SAND FROM AIRPORT 77 (WG) GROUND HANDLING

M + AIRPORT + GOVE

TRAFFIC FLOW M81 (AT) ATFM due to ATC EN-ROUTE DEMAND/CAPACI82 (AX) ATFM due to ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT EN-R

ry exercise orshortage, equipment failure, militaarea

83 (AE) ATFM due to RESTRICTION AT DESTINATIindustrial action, staff shortage, politica

8 ATFM due to WEATHER AT DESTIN

POR85 (AS) MANDATORY SECURITY 86 (AG) IMMIGRATION, CUSTOMS, HEALTH

parking stands, ramp congestion, lighting, building87 (AF) AIRPORT FACILITIES, 88 (AD) RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DES

t, noiaction, staff shortage, political unresT OF DEPARTURE WI89 (AM) RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPOR

Traffic Services, start-up and pushback, airport and/or runway closed due to action, staff shortage, political unrest, noise abatement, night curfew, special fli

Reactionary 91 (RL) LOAD CONNECTION, awaiting load from ano92 (RT) THROUGH CHECK-IN ERROR, passenger and baggage 93 (RA) AIRCRAFT ROTATION, late arrival of aircraft from another flight or previous sector 94 (RS) CABIN CREW ROTATION, awaiting cabin crew from another flight

flight (flight deck or en95 (RC) CREW ROTATION, awaiting crew from another on, 96 (RO) OPERATIONS CONTROL, re-routing, diversi

cellaneous 97 (MI) INDUSTRIAL ACTION WITH OWN AIRLINE 9 INDUSTRIAL ACTION OUTSIDE OWN AIRLINE, excluding ATS 99 (MX) OTHER REASON, not matching any code above

SOUR : IATA – Airport Handling Manual (730 & 731)

3 Restriction due to weather in case of ATFM regulation only, else refer to code 71 (WO)


G. Standard IATA Delay Sub-Codes (AHM731)

apacity problems

d by industrial action or capacity reduction in

neighbouring area STRIAL ACTION IPMENT FAILURE

nd/or runway closed due to abatement, night curfew,

special flights

X EQUIPMENT FAILURE

87 (AF) itations, etc.

Y

INFRASTRUCTURE

J BREAKDOWN OF AIRPORT FUELLING SYSTEM

LACK OF FOLLOW ME FOR PUSH-BACK HE ABOVE AT THE DESTINATION AIRPORT

H OR WITHOUT ATFM RESTRICTIONS, including ed due to obstruction or

W ATC EQUIPMENT T/INCIDENT

DE-ICING

N ATC ENVIRONMENTAL M AIRPORT CLOSURE L RUNWAY CLOSURE K START-UP/PUSH J LOST FLIGHT PL H CONSTRUCTION WORK/MAINTENENCE G OTHER 93 (RA) AIRCRAFT ROTATION, late arrival of airc ft from another flight Z LATE ARRIVAL DUE DEPARTURE DELAY AT PREVIOUS STATION Y LATE ARRIVAL DUE ENROUTE DELAY X LATE ARRIVAL DUE DELAY AFTER LANDING W LATE ARRIVAL DUE TO HIGH DEMAND FOR DESTINATION STATION V LATE ARRIVAL DUE TO WEATHER AT DESTINATION

73 (WR) WEATHER: EN ROUTE OR ALTERNATE Z OUTSIDE AIRCRAFT LIMITS

OUTSIDE Y CREW LIMITS X ETOPS

81 (AT) ATFM DUE TO ATC EN-ROUTE DEMAND/CAPACITY, standard demand/c Z ATC ROUTEINGS Y HIGH DEMAND OR CAPACITY 82 (AX) ATFM DUE TO ATC STAFF/EQUIPMENT EN-ROUTE, reduced capacity cause

y demand due to staff shortage or equipment failure, extraordinar

Z INDU Y EQU X STAFF SHORTAGE W MILITARY ACTIVITY V SPECIAL EVENT 83 (AE) ATFM DUE TO RESTRICTION AT DESTINATION AIRPORT, airport a

obstruction, industrial action, staff shortage, political unrest, noise

Z HIGH DEMAND / ATC CAPACITY Y INDUSTRIAL ACTION

W STAFF SHORTAGE V ACCIDENT / INCIDENT U MILITARY ACTIVITY T SPECIAL EVENT S NOISE ABATEMENT/NIGHT CURFEW

R OTHER

AIRPORT FACILITIES, parking stands, ramp congestion, lighting, buildings, gate lim

Z LACK OF PARKING STANDS RAMP CONGESTION

X LIGHTING OR BUILDINGS W GATE LIMITATION / NO GATE AVAILABLE

WN / SLOW V BAGGAGE SORTING SYSTEM DO U NO PUSH BACK CLEARANCE DUE TO T JET BRIDGE INOPERATIVE S LACK OF CHECK IN COUNTERS R ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FAILURE

P PASSENGER TRANSPORT SYSTEM FAILURE N PUBLIC ADDRESS/FLIGHT INFORMATION DISPLAY SYSTEM FAILURE M INSUFFICIENT FIRE COVER

L GROUND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FAILURE K NO PUSH BACK CLEARANCE DUE TO CONSTRUCTION

H LATE OR G ANY OF T 89 (AM) RESTRICTIONS AT AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE WIT

Air Traffic Services, start-up and pushback, airport and/or runway clos weather.

Z ATC CAPACITY Y ATC INDUSTRIAL ACTION X ATC STAFFING

V ATC ACCIDEN U ATC DUE TO T ATC SPECIAL EVENT S ATC WEATHER R ATC RESTRICTIONS DUE TO CURFEW P ATC POLITICAL UNREST

BACK CLEARENCE DELAY (LOCAL ATC) AN BY ATC

ra

U LATE ARRIVAL DUE TO TECHNICAL REASONS

EUROCONTROL 22 CODA


EUROCONTROL 23 CODA

CFMU Reasons for Regulation

H. Correlation between IATA Delay Codes and the

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I. November 2012 CODA coverage of commercial flights in the ECAC region.

EUROCONTROL 24 CODA

Documents

ATFM Delays in Europe - Eurocontrol · from these categories to IATA codes is summarised in Figure 17. ... flight of 17 mins, the Canaries region experienced capacity delays during