MATERIALS AND METHODS

For the analysis of functional genes we used the PANTHER classification system online software

(http://pantherdb.org/about.jsp) (Mi et al., 2013). The PANTHER (Protein ANalysis THrough

Evolutionary Relationships) Classification System was designed to classify proteins (and their genes)

in order to facilitate high-throughput analysis. Proteins have been classified according to the Family

and subfamily (families are groups of evolutionarily related proteins; subfamilies are related proteins

that also have the same function), Molecular function (the function of the protein by itself or with

directly interacting with proteins at a biochemical level), Biological process (the function of the protein

in the context of a larger network of proteins that interact to accomplish a process at the level of the cell

or organism) and Pathway (explicitly specifies the relationships between the interacting molecules).

The classifications are the result of human curation as well as sophisticated bioinformatics algorithms.

Details of the methods can be found in (Thomas et al., Genome Research 2003; Mi et al. NAR 2005). p

Values <0.01 were considered to be statistically significant.

Supplementary Figure 1: Expression heatmap of the 14 and 8 genes correlated with OAS network in GSE18464. Gene expression is color-coded from blue (lower expression) to red (higher expression).

Supplementary Figure 2: Molecular function of 14 and 8 genes correlated to OAS gene networkPANTHER analysis showed a prominent binding function played by the OAS gene family (GREY COLOR). A and B) Chart tooltips are read as: Category name (Accession): # genes; Percent of gene hit against total # genes; Percent of gene hit against total # Function hits. For the results, details refer to the results section.

Supplementary Figure 3: 14 common genes to OAS gene network and HVL

The GeneMANIA analysis showed that OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3 were connected to the IFN network (A and B) with SP100, BST2, STAT1, PARP9, IRF7 and IRF9. Moreover, OAS1 was connected to the IFN network with ADAR, EIF2AK2 and BST2 (C). No connection was observed for IFN (D).

Supplementary Figure 4: 8 common genes to OAS gene network, HVL and LVLThe GeneMANIA analysis showed that OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3 were connected to the IFN network (A and B) with STAT1, IRF7 and IRF9. Moreover, OAS1 was connected to the IFN network with MX2, BST2 and EIF2AK2 (C). No connection was observed for IFN (D).

Supplementary Figure 5: Modulation of OAS gene in monocyte derived cells by Type 1 and 2 interferons

OAS gene expression upon interferon alpha treatment as observed in GSE16755 microarray dataset. OAS gene expression upon interferon beta treatment as observed in GSE54970 microarray dataset. OAS gene expression upon interferon gamma treatment as observed in GSE5099 microarray dataset. OAS gene expression upon HIV-1 infection as observed in GSE59991 microarray dataset.