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7/25/2019 Architecture of Victoria Memorial, Kolkata
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ARCHITECTURE OF
VICTORIA MEMORIAL
ARCHITECTURE
OF
VICTORIA
MEMORAL
PROJECT
PAPER
(5TH)
2011-2
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ARCHITECTURE
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ARCHITECTURE
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PROJECT PAPER (5
th
)
ARCHITECTURE
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Project Paer Preare! "# Tanima Chakraborty$FA F%&a' ear (H%tor# O* Art)
Ro'' +,"er . RA$/$FA 120015
I+E
ARCHITECTURE
OF
VICTORIA
MEMORAL
PROJECT
PAPER
(5TH)
2011-2
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{ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS}..... 2
{ PREFACE}..... 3
{ INTRODCTION} 4
{!ICTORIA PAST AND PRESENT} 5
{ARC"ITECTRE OF !ICTORIA MEMORIAL}.. #
{FEATRES}.. #
{GROND PLAN OF !ICTORIA MEMORIAL} $
{ELE!ATION OF !ICTORIA MEMORIAL} 1%
{ COLONNADE} ... 11
{ ARC"ITECTRAL RESEM&LANCE
WIT" TA' MA"AL}... 14
{ GALLER(}... 2%
{ CONCLSION}. 22
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AC+O3LE4EME+T
ARCHITECTURE
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I a Ta&%a Chara"ort#6 t,!e&t o* $7F7A (F%&a' ear)6 2011-20126 tha&*,'
to Pro*7 8,ha&ta 4hoh (H%tor# o* Art earte&t)6 Ra"%&!ra $harat%
U&%9er%t#6 *or h% :,%!a&ce re:ar!%&: the roject7 I a %&!e"te! to h% *or a
roer :,%!e'%&e6 a&a'#% a&! ;&%h%&: the roject o,'! ha9e &ot "ee&
o%"'e to e7
ARCHITECTURE
OF
VICTORIA
MEMORAL
PROJECT
PAPER
(5TH)
2011-2
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$
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Ta&%a Chara"ort#
ARCHITECTURE
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PREFACE:
I a Ta&%aChara"ort#6 a t,!e&t ,r,%&: H%tor# o* Art o* theearte&t o* V%,a' Art *ro Ra"%&!ra $harat% U&%9er%t#7 Th% % # roject
aer6 >here I a ,"%tt%&: # o"er9at%o& re:ar!%&: the t,!# o*
ARCHITECTURE
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arch%tect,re7 8o6 %& th% aer I a ,"%tt%&: # co'ete o"er9at%o& a&!
9%e> o& the arch%tect,re o* the V%ctor%a Meor%a' o* o'ata7
ARCHITECTURE
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INTRODUCTION:
A 'e&!%! arch%tect,ra' tr,ct,re %& >h%te ar"'e6 o!e''e! o& the TajMaha'6 >a ",%'t %& the ear'# 20th Ce&t,r# %& eor# o* ?,ee& V%ctor%a
ARCHITECTURE
OF
VICTORIA
MEMORAL
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1$
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"et>ee& 1@0 a&! 1@21 a&! >a *ora''# %&a,:,rate! "# the Pr%&ce o*3a'e6 >ho 'ater "ecae %&: E!>ar! VIII o* E&:'a&!7 8et %& "ea,t%*,':ar!e& :ro,&!6 the V%ctor%a Meor%a' ho,e a 'ar:e "ro&Be tat,e o* the?,ee& Ere Toe! >%th a o9%&: a&:e' th% eor%a' *ace theCa'c,tta Ma%!a&7 The tat,e o* Motherhoo!6 Pr,!e&ce6 Lear&%&:6 Art6
J,t%ce6 Arch%tect,re a&! Char%t# are "ro,:ht *ro Ita'#7 The a:%ca' '%:ht%&:eect %& the e9e&%&: a&! a *a%r# ta'e DFo,&ta%& o* Jo#D *ac%&: the eor%a'",%'!%&: create a& atohere o* ,&*or:etta"'e char7 It a'o ha a 5 eterta'' "ro&Be >%&:e! ;:,re o* V%ctor#6 >e%:h%&: to&7
ARCHITECTURE
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It >a !e%:&e! "# 8%r 3%''%a Eero&7 It a'o act a a ,e,6 >hereeo'e co,'! ee "e*ore the %ct,re a&! tat,e o* e& >ho 'a#e! aro%&e&t art %& the h%tor# o* I&!%a7 Pree&t'# %t % the ;&et a&! otro%&e&t ",%'!%&: a&! art ,e, o* Ca'c,tta6 I&!%a6 ,&!er the
earte&t o* C,'t,re6 4o9t7 o* I&!%a7
I& the e9e&%&:6 the '%:ht a&! o,&! ro:ra are a ajor attract%o& *or theto,r%t7 E9er# !a#6 cro>! o* eo'e 9%%t the re%e *ro ear'# or&%&:to ,&et7 $e%&: o&e o* the ot o,'ar to,r%t ot %& the c%t#6 %t % o&e o*
ARCHITECTURE
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VICTORIA MEMORIAL PAST AND PRESENT:
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O'! hoto o* V%ctor%a Meor%a' ha''
The V%ctor%a Meor%a' >a ",%'t to coeorate the ea o* the $r%t%h
E%re %& I&!%a7 The V%ctor%a Meor%a'6 co&ce%9e! "# Lor! C,rBo&6
reree&t the arch%tect,ra' c'%a o* o'atac%t#7 Lor! C,rBo&6 the the&
V%cero# ec%;e! %t c'a%ca' t#'e ",t the act,a' 'a& o* V%ctor%a Meor%a'>a 'a%! !o>& "# the >e''-&o>& arch%tect6 8%r 3%''%a Eero&7 The V%ctor%a
Meor%a' "'e&! the "et o* the $r%t%h a&! M,:ha' arch%tect,re7 The
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V%ctor%a Meor%a' ha'' >a ",%'t >%th >h%te Mara&a ar"'e7 The Pr%&ce o*
3a'e 'a%! the *o,&!at%o& to&e o* V%ctor%a Meor%a' %& 1@0 a&! %t >a
%&a,:,rate! %& 1@21 %& eor# o* ?,ee& V%ctor%a7 The V%ctor%a Meor%a' %
G "# 22G *eet a&! a he%:ht o* 1G *eet7
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V%e> o* ree&t !a# V%ctor%a Meor%a'
To!a# the V%ctor%a Meor%a' Ha'' % a ,e, ha9%&: a& aorte&t o*
V%ctor%a eora"%'%a6 $r%t%h Raj a%&t%&: a&! other !%'a#7 A &%:ht
!ece&! o& Ca'c,tta6 the V%ctor%a Meor%a' Ha'' % %'',%&ate!6 :%9%&: %t a*a%r# ta'e 'oo7 It % %&teret%&: to &ote that the V%ctor%a Meor%a' >a ",%'t
>%tho,t $r%t%h :o9er&e&t *,&!7 The o&e# re,%re! *or the co&tr,ct%o&
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o* the tate'# ",%'!%&:6 ,rro,&!e! "# "ea,t%*,' :ar!e& o9er acre a&!
cot%&: ore tha& 10 %''%o& >a co&tr%",te! "# $r%t%h I&!%a& tate a&!
%&!%9%!,a' >ho >a&te! *a9or >%th the $r%t%h :o9er&e&t7 At the to o* the
V%ctor%a Meor%a' % a %tee& *oot ta'' "ro&Be tat,e o* 9%ctor#6 o,&te! o&
"a'' "ear%&:7 It rotate >%th >%&!7
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At ree&t the V%ctor%a Meor%a' ha &ota"'e co''ect%o& o* >eao&6
c,'tor6 a%&t%&:6 a6 co%&6 ta6 art%*act6 tet%'e etc7 The Ro#a'
:a''er# %& V%ctor%a Meor%a' ha ortra%t o* the ?,ee& a&! Pr%&ce A'"ert7
There are &,ero, a%&t%&:6 %'',trat%&: e9e&t *ro V%ctor%aD '%*e7
A&other reara"'e eace %& V%ctor%a Meor%a' % a a%&t%&: "# the R,%a&
art%t Vae'% Veretcha:%&6 ortra#%&: the tate e&tr# o* the Pr%&ce o* 3a'e
%& Ja%,r %& the #ear 1G7 I& the ot-%&!ee&!e&ce er%o! a &e> a!!%t%o&
>a a!e to the V%ctor%a Meor%a'7 It >a the a!!%t%o& o* the +at%o&a'
'ea!erD :a''er# >%th the ortra%t a&! re'%c o* the *ree!o ;:hter7
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ARCHIECTURE OF VICTORIA MEMORIAL:
The ",%'!%&: >a !e%:&e! "# 8%r 3%''%a Eero& Pre%!e&t o* the $r%t%hI&t%t,te o* Arch%tect7 V%&ce&t J Ech6 a& a%ta&t E&:%&eer %& the $e&:a'+a:,r Ra%'>a#6 >a the ,er%&te&!%&: arch%tect a&! the >or o*
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co&tr,ct%o& >a e&tr,te! to Mer Mart%& a&! Co o* o'ata7 Lor!Re!e!a'e a&! 8%r a9%! Pra%& !e%:&e! the :ar!e&7 Tho,:h theco&tr,ct%o& o* the ",%'!%&: ,"tr,ct,re "e:a& %& 1@06 %t >a co'ete!o&'# a*ter 20 #ear at a cot o* 10 %''%o& r,ee7 The Pr%&ce o* 3a'e*ora''# %&a,:,rate! %t %& 1@217
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8et a%! acre o* 'a>&6 *o,&ta%&6 a&! her"aceo, "or!er th% :reatet#"o' o* the $r%t%h6 ho,e art%*act %'',trat%&: $r%t%h root %& I&!%a7 The",%'!%&: co9er a& area o* 10702 "# @7@7
FEATURES:
The DHD hae! eor%a' co&%t o* &,ero, h#"r%! *eat,reK %t ha
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Ita'%a&-t#'e tat,e o9er %t e&tra&ce6 M,:ha' !oe %& %t cor&er a&! ta''e'e:a&t oe& c,r9e! co'o&&a!e a'o&: %t %!e7 The ",%'!%&: % a 'e&!%!ea'e o* co'o&%a' t#'e o* arch%tect,re6 >h%ch co"%&e the E,roea&t#'e a&! the I&!o-I'a%c t#'e7 The er%o! o* E,roea& co'o&%Bat%o& a&! the,"e,e&t $r%t%h r,'e %& I&!%a ha! %t %act o& I&!%a& arch%tect,re7 The
a%& a&%*etat%o& o* th% t#'e o* arch%tect,re >ere ch,rche6 "arrac6*ort6 re%!e&t%a' ,arter6 a!%&%trat%9e ,arter etc7 The $r%t%h a'o%&tro!,ce! &e> tech&%,e %& the co&tr,ct%o& o* ",%'!%&:6 >h%ch >ere!%ere&t *ro the o&e ,e! "# the %&!%:e&o, eo'e o* I&!%a at that t%e7The eor%a' % o&e o* the ;&et ea'e o* the E,roea& t#'e o*
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ROUND PLAN OF VICTORIA MEMORIAL:
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The :ro,&! 'a& o* V%ctor%a eor%a' co&%te! o* a h%:h e&tra&ce *o''o>e!"# a ort%co6 >h%ch % toe! "# terrace7 The ort%co % co&&ecte! >%th aaa:e>a# to>ar! the ce&tra' ,ee& ha'' a&! at the "oth %!e ha9ec,'t,re :a''er# at the 'e*t a&! %ct,re :a''er# at the r%:ht7 The ?,ee&= ha''% toe! "# a h,:e !oe a Tajaha'7 Th% !oe % !%rect'# tae& a the
%&,e&ce o* I'a%c arch%tect,re o* I&!%a7 The *arthet %!e o* the ha''!ecorate! >%th ro> o* co'o&&a!e7 The a%& ha'' % ,ccee!e! "# therecta&:,'ar r%&ce ha''7 At the 'e*t %!e o* the r%&ce ha''6 !ar"ar ha'' %%t,ate!6 >h%ch >a :e&era''# ,e! *or eet%&: or !%c,%o&7
ARCHITECTURE
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The h,:e !oe o* V%ctor%a Meor%a'
8%r 3%''%a Eero&6 Pre%!e&t o* the $r%t%h I&t%t,te o* Arch%tect6 !e%:&e!a&! !re> , the 'a& o* th% ",%'!%&: a&! to ,er9%e the co&tr,ct%o& o*the ",%'!%&: o& %te V%&ce&t J Ech6 a& a%ta&t E&:%&eer %& the $e&:a'
+a:,r Ra%'>a#6 >a ao%&te! a the ,er%&te&!%&: arch%tect7 I& 1@026Eero& e&:a:e! h% to reare a etch o* h% or%:%&a' !e%:& *or theV%ctor%a Meor%a'7 The >or o* co&tr,ct%o& >a e&tr,te! to Mer Mart%& Co o* Ca'c,tta7
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$# the t%e the co&tr,ct%o& o* the eor%a' "e:a& %& ear&et6 %& 1@106Ech ha! eta"'%he! h%e'* a Ca'c,ttaD 'ea!%&: arch%tect7 He >a the&*ora''# ao%&te! the 8,er%&te&!%&: Arch%tect o* the roject7
8%r 3%''%a Eero& !ra*te! h% 'a&6 o!e''%&: the ",%'!%&: o& the tra!%t%o&
o* the Ita'%a& re&a%a&ce arch%tect,re6 tho,:h %t ,&%taa"'# ree"'ethe Taj7 8t%''6 8%r 3%''%a !ecr%"e! h% o!e' a a& occ%!e&ta' !e%:&73%tho,t e&t%o&%&: the !eta%'6 ho>e9er6 %t reect the I&!%a& character7C,rBo& %&%te! that the eor%a' ho,'! "e ",%'t o* >h%te ar"'e7 There %
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a'o a correo&!e&ce %& the *orK the :reat !oe6 c',tere! >%th *o,r,"%!%ar%e octa:o&a' !oe! chattri6 the h%:h orta'6 the terrace6 a&! the!oe! cor&er to>er7 E9e& %& the *,&ct%o& there % a'o a :reat %%'ar%t#7L%e the Taj6 the Meor%a' too >a %&te&!e! to "ear the ree"ra&ce o* a&Ere7
ELEVATION OF VICTORIA MEMORIAL:
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The eor%a' % %t,ate! o& acre o* 'a>&6 o&!6 hr,""er# a&!her"aceo, "or!er a&! &oth%&: %& Ca'c,tta e9er ha! ore 'ea%&: or orea'# oe& ,rro,&!%&:7 The ",%'!%&:6 co9er%&: a& area o* 10702 "#@7@6 % 570G h%:h , to the "ae o* the ;:,re o* V%ctor#6 >h%ch %a&other 7GG h%:h7 The erca&t%'e c'a a&! oe o* the r%&ce'# tate o*
I&!%a e&t%re'# a&! 9o',&tar%'# ,"cr%"e! the tota' cot o* %t co&tr,ct%o&ao,&t%&: to R 16 0560060007 It % a%! that a :oo! tra%& a"o,t 2 'o&:>o,'! ha9e "ee& re,%re! to "r%&: the e&t%re ",%'!%&: ater%a' &ee!e! *orthe eor%a'7 The tota' >e%:ht o* the ",%'!%&: ha "ee& ca'c,'ate! to "e
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aro,&! G0600 to& a&! the ,a&t%t# o* ar"'e *or %t ea,re! 5072 c,"%ceter7 The ar"'e *or the eor%a' >a ac,%re! *ro the ae ,arr%eo* Mara&a %& Rajatha&6 *ro >here 8HAHJAHA+ ha! o"ta%&e! ar"'e *or theTaj7 The cot o* ar"'e6 %&c',!%&: *re%:ht char:e6 >a %&%t%a''# et%ate! to"e aro,&! R 275 %''%o&7 Later6 the ee&e >ere re!,ce! "# R 20060006
>he& the I&!%a& Ra%'>a# >a%9e! the tra&ort cot a&! oere! *reecarr%a:e7
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T>o ro> o* co'o&&a!e !ecorate! the "oth %!e o* the ce&tra' ha'' a&!,orte! the oe& a%r terrace7 The co'o&&a!e are 'e*t oe& a&! o,t%!e o*the e&c'oe! arch%tect,ra' ect%o&7
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The or%c or!er
or%c Co',& ha9e a ;r 'ace %& h%tor# a&! %& the tra!%t%o& o* c'a%ca'arch%tect,re7 The a&c%e&t t#'e o* co&tr,ct%o& !e9e'oe! %& 4reece a&!Roe >ere re9%9e! a&! co!%;e! "# Re&a%a&ce arch%tect a&! cho'ar
,ch a 4%acoo !a V%:&o'a (150-15) a&! A&!rea Pa''a!%o (150G-15G0)7The# "ecae &o>& a the F%9e Or!er.
The T,ca& Or!er (Roa&)
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The or%c Or!er (4ree a&! Roa&)
The Io&%c Or!er (4ree a&! Roa&)
The Cor%&th%a& Or!er (4ree a&! Roa&)
The Coo%te Or!er (Roa&)
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Ao&: thee ;9e or!er the co'o&&a!e o* V%ctor%a eor%a' *a'' %& theect%o& o* or%c co',&7 The or!er e&coae the e&t%re ",%'!%&: #teco',& a&! e&ta"'at,re6 >h%'e %&!%9%!,a' co',& ha9e character%t%c"e'o&:%&: to o&e o* the or!er7 I& a&c%e&t 4reece6 or%c co',& >ereto,ter tha& thoe o* the Io&%c or Cor%&th%a&or!er7 The%r ooth6 ro,&!
ca%ta' are %'e a&! 'a%& coare! to the other t>o 4ree or!er7 A,are a"ac, co&&ect the ca%ta' to the e&ta"'at,re7 I& 4reece6 the or%cco',& >a 'ace! !%rect'# o& the a9ee&t or oor >%tho,t "e&e;t o* a"ae7 Ea'e o* or%c co',& %& the 4ree t#'e %&c',!e. the Herae, at
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http://www.doric-column.com/glossary_classical_architecture.html#entablaturehttp://www.doric-column.com/glossary_classical_architecture.html#ionichttp://www.doric-column.com/glossary_classical_architecture.html#corinthianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_of_Hera_(Olympia)http://www.doric-column.com/glossary_classical_architecture.html#entablaturehttp://www.doric-column.com/glossary_classical_architecture.html#ionichttp://www.doric-column.com/glossary_classical_architecture.html#corinthianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_of_Hera_(Olympia)7/25/2019 Architecture of Victoria Memorial, Kolkata
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O'#, (5@0 $CE)6 the $a%'%ca at Paet, (a"o,t 50 $CE) a&! theParthe&o& (-2 $CE)7 3he& the Roa& a!ote! or%c co',& *orthe%r ",%'!%&:6 cha&:e >ere a!e7 Roa& or%c co',& te&! to "e'%er tha& the 4ree or%c co',&7 At the%r "ae6 Roa& or%c co',&are ,,a''# a!or&e! >%th the Att%c "ae cooe! o* a& ,er a&! 'o>er
tor,earate! "# a cot%a>%th ;''et7 I&tea! o* "e%&: 'ace! !%rect'# o&the oor or 'at*or6 Roa& co',& ta&! o& a! or '%&th7
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Ar!hit"!t#ra$ %ty$" o&Vi!toria M"moria$ ' it% r"%"mb$an!"
(ith th" Ta) Maha$:
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Sir William Emerson was credited for drafting his plan of Victoria Memorial on the tradition of
the Italian renaissance architecture and Lord Curzon wanted the memorial should be of white
marble. There is a gaping resemblance of Victoria Memorial with the Ta Mahal in its form with
a great dome! high portals! four subsidiar" octagonal domed chattris! the domed corner towers
and the terrace. It is stri#ing to note that this massi$e building is a collage of $arious st"les
ha$ing Italian%st"le statues along with Mughal domes. This combination of European st"le and
the Indo%Islamic st"le has created a distinct identit". The uni&ueness of Victoria Memorial lies
in the fact that it has maintained a fine balance despite being influenced b" a potpourri of st"les.
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European st"le of architecture is reflected through the churches! forts! residential &uarters!
barrac#s and administrati$e &uarters of this elegant building.
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The figure! which is some two and a half times larger than life! stands with its pedestal twent"%
se$en feet high. Certain details of the material emplo"ed ma" be worth setting down. The figure
itself is to be of light bronze! the sceptre of i$or" with gold ornaments! the orb of blue lapis%
lazuli! surmounted b" a golden figure of St. 'eorge( the crown and wreath will also be in gold!
and the cushion behind the figure enamelled! probabl" in pale blue and white. The robes are
those pertaining to the )rder of the Star of India which her Maest" wore when she assumed the
title of Empress. The lion and tigerside b" side on the bac# of the statue t"pif" respecti$el" the
*ritish +ingdom and the Indian Empire. Two figures at the top represent ,rt and Literature and
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-ustice. The capitals which support them are car$ed to represent English oa# lea$es! and a
t"pical Indian tree! which is a sacred s"mbol of the Indian religion. oses ornament the throne
behind the head of the /ueen. The base! which will be of richl" coloured marble! will bear the
o"al arms in enamel! supported b" bronze figures of two Indians. It is fortunate that a wor# of
art! at once no$el in treatment and remar#abl" statel" in its conception! should represent the
flourishing condition in our Indian empire but it is impossible to a$oid feeling a slightl" ealous
regret that so fine a wor# should lea$e the countr".
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The pol"chrom" pro$ided b" the 0the orb of blue lapis%lazuli1 and 0golden figure of St.
'eorge1 does not appear in the photographs! so that assuming the gold leaf did not wear awa"!
the final wor# probabl" replaced these elements and the cushion behind the /ueen 0enamelled!
probabl" in pale blue and white!1 with bronze. The marble also does not appear to be 0richl"
coloured marble.1
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Left2 , $iew from below of St. 'eorge standing on the imperial orb! the head of Victoria! and
two allegorical figures abo$e. ight2 Side $iew with 'oscombe -ohn3s bas relief. 4the other side
also has one.5
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Left2 St. 'eorge standing on the imperial orb.. ight two2 ,rt and Literature and -ustice 678. It is
not clear if the figures in the final $ersion of the memorial are as The Studio described. The
closer figure of a seated woman appears to be either spinning closth or pla"ing an instrument.
The other woman sits with a dog ne9t to here.
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*efore "ou wal# inside the hall! "ou will encounter a blac# bronze ,ngel of Victor" at the top
of the dome abo$e the Memorial. The statue welcomes "ou holding a bugle in her hand.
Victoria Memorial houses :; galleries in the chamber beneath the dome. The main attraction
remains the /ueen3s
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A "'ac "ro&Be a&:e'6 &o>& a V%ctor#6 ho'!%&: a ",:'e %& her ha&! >a
'ace! at the ae o* the !oe a&! ha a'>a# "ee& re:ar!e! a a c,r%o,
a!!%t%o& to the o&,e&t7 The tat,e6 a"o,t ;9e eter ta'' a&! >e%:h%&:
6500 : % ;e! to %t e!eta' >%th "a'' "ear%&: a&! ca& rotate >he& the
>%&! ee! % h%:h e&o,:h7 Ita'%a& cra*te& c,'te! the 9ar%o, tat,e
that a!or& the 'ar:e :ar!e& o* the o&,e&t7 A&other c,'t,re o& the
&orther& %!e !e%ct a '%o&D hea! >%th >ater o>%&: o,t o* %t a&! a%&:
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%&to *o,r tro,:h reree&t%&: the I&!,6 the 4a&:e6 the J,&a a&! the
r%h&a7
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this archwa"! in white aashtan marble leads to the great monument itself. 'i$en the time
ta#en to complete the building! it commemorates both the +ing Emperor 4e9 Imperator5
Edward who predeceased the un$eiling of the monument and his redoubtable mother /ueen
Empress Victoria.
The bronze statue of the +ing mounted on his steed is b" celebrated ,ustralian sculptor Sir
*etram Mac#ennal( it was originall" e9hibited at the o"al ,cadem" in >?>@ and is a $ariation
of Mac#ennal3s similar one in /ueen Victoria3s 'ardens in Melbourne. The marbles allegorical
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figures represent the *ritish Empire3s na$al seapower 4on right5 and *ritish land forces 4on the
left5.
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There are 000 eh%"%t %& 25 :a''er%e %& a cha"er "e&eath the !oe7 The?,ee&D Ha''6 >a'' o* >h%ch ha9e "ee& !ee'# :ra9e& >%th the tet o*V%ctor%aD roc'aat%o&6 !ra> the a%& attract%o&7 There are aa%&t%&: re%&%ce&t o* 9ar%o, e9e&t o* her '%*e. her coro&at%o&6 herarr%a:e6 the "at% o* her o& a&! he%r6 her o&D >e!!%&:6 her re%!e&ce
o* Fro:ore etc7 8oe o* her oe%o&6 '%e the %a&o*orte6 at >h%ch herece%9e! t,%t%o& %& ch%'!hoo!6 the >r%t%&: !e a&! cha%r occ,%e! *or !a%'#correo&!e&ce at 3%&!or6 the 'at 'etter he >rote to her eo'e %& I&!%aetc7
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There are ortra%t o* other $r%to& >ho >ere %& Ca'c,tta at o&e t%e ora&other. Maca,'a#6 %'%&: a&! $%ho He"er a&! 3%''%a H%ce#7 8oeI&!%a& *ace are a'o !%'a#e! >%tho,t !%cr%%&at%o&7 Ao&: thee are -E8HA$ CHA+RA 8E+6 MICHAEL MAHU8UA+ UTT6 RA$I+RA+ATHTA4ORE a&! h%e&terr%%&: :ra&!*ather 3ARA+ATHTA4ORE7 There are !oc,e&t6 %&c',!%&:
the *or:er# >h%ch ha! +A+A UMAR j,!%c%a''# eec,te!7 There areee&toe o* $r%t%h %er%a'%6 '%e tat,e a&! ",t o* ?,ee& Mar#64ero:e V6 a&! Fre&ch :,& cat,re! at the $att'e o* PALA8HI %& 15 etc7
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http://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/S_0191.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/S_0191.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/S_0191.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/S_0191.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/S_0191.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/S_0191.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0316.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0316.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0316.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0316.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0316.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0316.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0012.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0012.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0012.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0012.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0014.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0014.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0014.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0014.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/N_0041.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/N_0041.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/N_0041.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/N_0041.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/P_0044.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/P_0044.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/S_0191.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0316.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0012.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/T_0014.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/N_0041.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/P_0044.HTM7/25/2019 Architecture of Victoria Memorial, Kolkata
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The a%& attract%o& at the eor%a' % the h,:e o"er tat,e o* the,ee&6 >h%ch % a&e! "# t>o or&ae&ta' ta&7 Ma o* I&!%aD o'! r,'erare reree&te! here %& to&e6 ,%te o*te& !ree! %& Roa& to:a6 '%eCLIVE6 3ARRE+HA8TI+486 COR+3ALLI86 3ELLE8LE6 ALHOU8IE7
Eero&D !e%:& >a ,ch e&ha&ce! "# the #athet%c or&ae&ta!!e! "# other7 V%&ce&t EchD ajor co&tr%",t%o& >a the re!e%:& o* the*o,&!at%o& o& %&&o9at%9e r%&c%'e *or >h%ch he >a re&o>&e!6 ",t he a'o,er9%e! the ro!,ct%o& o* the a''e:or%ca' c,'t,re :ro, o9er the
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http://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/C_0290.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/C_0290.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/H_0084.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/H_0084.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/H_0084.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/H_0084.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/C_0354.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/C_0354.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/W_0048.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/W_0048.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0014.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0014.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/C_0290.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/H_0084.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/C_0354.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/W_0048.HTMhttp://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/D_0014.HTM7/25/2019 Architecture of Victoria Memorial, Kolkata
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e&tra&ce a&! !e%:&e! the e'e:a&t "r%!:e o& the &orth %!e6 a&! the :ateto the :ar!e&7 The :ro, o* ;:,re a"o9e the &orth orch reree&tMotherhoo!6 Pr,!e&ce a&! Lear&%&:7 8,rro,&!%&: the a%& !oe are ;:,reo* Art6 Arch%tect,re6 J,t%ce6 Char%t# etc7 The ac%o,&e a&! retra%&t o*the :ar!e& eha%Be the ",%'!%&:D ajet#7
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*esides these priceless assets! the galleries are also adorned with realistic portraits of the
*ritons including Macaula"! +ipling and William
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of India in stone! &uite often dressed in oman togas! li#e Cli$e! Warren
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ect%o& o* the M,e,7 3or'!= 'ar:et co''ect%o& o* a&%e''= h% %&%t%a'
9%e> o* Ca'c,tta ha "ee& cat,re! "# h% %& %*eK %to' "e'o&:%&: to 3arre& Hat%&:K Me!a' :%9e& to Pr%&ce
>araa&ath Ta:ore "# ?,ee& V%ctor%aK a& I& ot ,e! "# Pa&!%t Ih>ar
Cha&!ra V%!#aa:ar are oe o& the h%tor%ca' re'%c o& !%'a#7
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Iorte! *ro Ita'# are the 8tat,e o* Arch%tect,re6 Motherhoo!6 J,t%ce6
Lear&%&:6 Char%t#6 Pr,!e&ce a&! Art >h%ch are o& !%'a# here7
8>or! a&! a::er o* T%, 8,'ta&K a::er o* +a>aB +aB% o* $e&:a'6 4,&
Po>!er F'a ($,rr,!!a&) a!e o* other o* ear' a&! "e'o&:%&: to +a>aB
3aB%r Mahoo! ha& $aha!,rK 8%r Co''%& Ca"e''= >or! >%th a& %9or# h%'tare oe o* the aro,r o& !%'a#7
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at%&: "ac to the 1G06 are *e> rare "oo %& the L%"rar# o* the Meor%a'
>h%ch cor%e the co''ect%o& o* 'a# "# 3%''%a 8haeeareK The Ara"%a&
+%:htK R,"a%#atD Oar ha##a etc7 Eot%ca''# %'',trate!6 thee "oo are
re*erre! "# cot,e !e%:&er >h%'e !e%:&%&: *or 8haeear%a& 'a# %&
o'ata7
A %Bea"'e &,"er o* M,:ha' %&%at,re are a'o o& !%'a# here7
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CONCLUSION:
*esides being a great e9ample of gothic architecture of +ol#ata infused with $arious Indian
architectural features! Victoria Memorial regarded as a treasure to +ol#ata and a famous tourist spot
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also. The memorial toda" treasures man" paintings! attires and other items used b" the *ritish during
their rule in India. This building! which housed around ;DD items! can also be termed as the *ritish
museum. Toda" it is the main attraction for the tourist in Calcutta. The =ountain of -o" in the premises
of the memorial presents an atmosphere of memorable charm.
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A*+a, -+e /0 e /,e a*ea /0 !+/*+a Me/*+a,
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