Arc Hydro Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. CURRENT ARC HYDRO FUNCTIONALITY Dean Djokic, Esri

Arc HydroCopyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved.

CURRENT ARC HYDRO FUNCTIONALITY

Dean Djokic, Esri


What is Arc Hydro?

Extension of geodatabase model for support of water resources applications (template data model) Originally just vector, but now raster as well

Culmination of a three year process (1999-2002) led by D.R. Maidment through GIS in Water Resources Consortium (Arc Hydro book)

Collection of generic tools for support of Arc Hydro geodatabase design and basic water resources functions

Starting point for water resources database and application development


What Arc Hydro is Not!

Data set (e.g. NHD, NHDPlus, HydroSheds, AusHydro, … ) BUT you can use these data in Arc Hydro

Solution to a particular “program” problem (e.g. water allocation model, specific H&H modeling pre-/post-processing) BUT you can use Arc Hydro tools to support those

programs

E.g. water use analysis – Arc Hydro provides connectivity (surface and “structural”) and core time series data, and the computation is done in a “numerical engine”.


Arc Hydro Data Model


Basic Concepts

Define core feature classes for water resources analyses

Establish relationships between core feature classes

Use geometric network for tying pieces together

Mobilization of standard ArcGIS functionality

Custom tools for some of the attribute management

Custom tools for advanced “water resources” functionality



Basins – drainage areas for water resources management

Catchments – subdivision of land surface into elementary drainage areas by physical rules

Digital Elevation Model – land surface terrain grid cells

Watersheds – subdivision of land surface for a particular hydrologicpurpose

Drainage System Representations


Watersheds of the Guadalupe Basin

NWS forecast Watersheds(flooding)

EPA TMDL Segments(water quality)

TNRCC water availability points(water supply)

GuadalupeHydroNetwork

Extending Arc Hydro Data Model


Extending Arc Hydro Data Model

More application specific “stuff”


GeoRAS Data Model Concept


Arc Hydro Channel Data Model


GeoRAS Data Model

2D Cross-sections (cut line) Most of the attributes associated with cut lines

3D Cross-sections (surface line) Just for 3D representation

A number of “profile” lines Stream centerline

Banks

Flowpath lines

A number of tables Manning’s N

Node


GeoRAS Data Model

Arc Hydro inheritance HydroID

Use of HydroID for relations between the 2D cross-section representation and its derivatives (XS2DID)

Departure from Arc Hydro Additional feature classes – both of flowline (levees, side

weirs, …) and hydrography (land use, ineffective flow areas, …) types

TIN or GRID for surface definition

Additional fields


GeoRAS Data Model - Schema


Arc Hydro Tools Overview

Arc Hydro tools – selected topics Key concepts

Global delineation – scaling issues

Tools overview


Arc Hydro Tools Key Concepts


Key Concepts

Transitions between the raster and vector worlds – integrated operations

“Relationships between objects linked by tracing path of water movement”

Raster NetworkVector

Logical SchemaExtended Network


Terrain Processing

• Start with the terrain model

• Identify drainage patterns

• Identify catchments


Network Generation

• Start with the drainage pattern

• Define hydro edges from drainage lines

• Generate junctions at confluences

• Build the geometric network


Connecting Catchments to Junctions

• Start with the catchments

• Identify drainage points

• Link drainage points to junctions


Extended (Hydrologic) Network

• Combination of hydro network and drainage areas connected through junctions.

• Allows tracing through network and selection on drainage areas


Node-Link Schematization (1)

• Start with the catchments

• Find centroids

• Continue with drainage lines

• Find confluences

• Connect nodes


• Transition from geo representation to logical representation

Node-Link Schematization (2)

• Support for various modeling efforts


Global Delineation (1)

Deal with scalability issues related to DEM size (large areas/high resolution)

Approach Combine raster analysis on individual areas (any size)

that are manageable from DEM point of view, and network analysis between the individual areas

Example – 10 HUC8 cataloging units


Start with well defined database design structure

Apply it independently to all DEM processing units HydroID does not have to be unique

across GDBs



Construct the extended network Some work involved for

HUC 8 processing units



• Define the point

• Delineate local watershed

• Trace upstream

• Identify contributing catchements

• Merge shapes and store



Currently area and few topographic characteristics are computed – other parameters of interest are being added Aggregation types – additive, min, max, special

Potentially interesting issues Geometry size and complexity

Speed in aggregation (preprocessing option)



Arc Hydro Tools Overview


A set of tools that “exercises” the Arc Hydro model Integral with standard ArcGIS functionality

Key field (property) management. HydroID & related IDs

Length/Area measures

Core functions DEM-based watershed delineation

Network generation

Attribute and network tracing and summary operations

Arc Hydro Tools Overview (1)


Arc Hydro Tools Overview (2)

Distribution (version 1.3, 1.4, 2.0 beta) A toolbar with packaged menus and buttons

A toolbox with selected functions

Supporting documentation/help

ArcGIS 8.3 and ArcGIS 9/9.1/9.2/9.3 versions, 2.0 version for ArcGIS 10


Walk-through

Global delineation (accumulation of characteristics as well)

Local delineation

Trace on the network using standard network tracing techniques

Trace using NextDownID

Accumulate

Schematization


Many Aspects of Arc Hydro

Saxe, John Godfrey, 1963, “The Blind Man and the elephant”, New York: Whittlesley House

Database design

Application

“Standard”

Tools

Marketing

Development environment

Elephant illustration ©2002 Jason Hunt www.naturalchild.org/jason


Applying Arc Hydro

Extension of Arc Hydro data model for support of water resources applications

Addition of features and feature classes

Addition of functionality (tools)

Various entities ESRI

CRWR (SFWMD, SARA, WAM, …)

Other (USGS, OMNR CA, SJRWMD, PBS&J, …)


Applying Arc HydroHighlighted implementation


Arc Hydro Customization at SWFWMD (1)

District Function Water supply

Flood protection

Water quality

Natural systems


Arc Hydro Customization at SWFWMD (2)

Arc Hydro data model extension GWIS (Geographic Watershed Information System)

Modeling support (ICPR)

Deranged terrain processing Management of pitted terrains

Structures Hydraulic element points

Hydraulic subelements

Tools Arc Hydro geodatabase import

Geoprocessing


Delineate Catchments Draining into Selected Sinks (where “IsSink” = 1)

Prescreen & Evaluate Sinks - Select Based on User Thresholds

Pitted Terrain Analysis


Drainage Points within Catchments

HydroJunctions

Surface Connectivity

HydroEdges(Low Point of Basin or

Low Point of Boundary)(Boundary Link Flowlines)


Field Acquisition of Hydraulic Features


Same HydroCode assigned to Hydrojunction & Subelements (i.e. 302125_003)

TR = Top of Road UIC = Upstream Invert of Culvert,

GR = Natural Ground ERM = Elevation Reference Mark

HydroJunctionHydroJunction

Hydraulic Element Points


HydroJunction / HydroEdge

Sub Elements

Hydraulic Element Points

General Location & Type

Hydraulic Structure Information Tables

Specific Location (X, Y) & Elevation (Z)

Hierarchy of Hydraulic Features


Hy

dro

ID =

11

7

Hy

dro

ID =

11

8• Each Culvert (Barrel) is a Subelement with a Unique HydroID (117, 118)

• The HydroJunction represents the general location of the SubElements

HydroJunction

HydroID = 7

• The SubElements are related to the HydroJunction through the JunctionID

• HydraulicElementPoints are related to the SubElements through the SubElementID

• The SubElements are made up of HydraulicElementPoints (UIC, DIC, etc.)

SubElement: Pipe_Barrel

HydroID = 117

JunctionID = 7

SubElement: Pipe_Barrel

HydroID = 118

JunctionID = 7

HydraulicElementPoint

PointType = UIC

JunctionID = 7

SubElementID = 117


PointType = DIC

JunctionID = 7

SubElementID = 117


PointType = UIC

JunctionID = 7

SubElementID = 118


PointType = DIC

JunctionID = 7

SubElementID = 118

ID Assignment at Culvert Location


TableCHANNEL

Data typeField namePrec-ision Scale LengthDomainDefault value

Allow nulls

OBJECTID Object ID HYDROID Long integer Yes 10

HYDROCODE_DESC String Yes 30HYDROEDGE_ID Long integer Yes 10

CHANNEL_LENGTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_CROSSSECTION_ID Long integer Yes 10 DOWNSTREAM_CROSSSECTION_ID Long integer Yes 10

UPSTREAM_SHAPE_DESC String Yes dCSHAPE 10DOWNSTREAM_SHAPE_DESC String Yes dCSHAPE 10UPSTREAM_INVERT_ELEVATION_MS Double Yes 16 4

DOWNSTREAM_INVERT_ELEVATION_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_TOPCLIP_REFELEV_MS Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_TOPCLIP_REFELEV_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_MANNINGSN_VAL Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_MANNINGSN_VAL Double Yes 16 4

UPSTREAM_TOPCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_TOPCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_BOTTOMCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_BOTTOMCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4

UPSTREAM_TOPWIDTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_LEFTSIDE_SLOPE_MS Double Yes 16 4

UPSTREAM_RIGHTSIDE_SLOPE_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_BOTTOM_WIDTH_MS Double Yes 16 4

DOWNSTREAM_TOP_WIDTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_LEFTSIDE_SLOPE_VAL Double Yes 16 4

DOWNSTREAM_RIGHTSIDE_SLOPE_VAL Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_BOTTOM_WIDTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 OVERBANK_DEPTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 VELOCITY_COEF_VAL Double Yes 16 4 ENTRANCE_LOSS_VAL Double Yes 16 4

EXIT_LOSS_VAL Double Yes 16 4 MATERIAL_TYPE_DESC String Yes dPMATERIAL 3

FLOW_DIRECTION_DESC String Yes dCOMFLOWDIRECTIONS 5CONTRACTION_COEF_VAL Double Yes 16 4

EXPANSION_COEF_VAL Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_CROSSSECTION_A1_ID Long integer Yes 10 UPSTREAM_CROSSSECTION_A2_ID Long integer Yes 10 DOWNSTREAM_CROSSSECTION_A1_ID Long integer Yes 10 DOWNSTREAM_CROSSSECTION_A2_ID Long integer Yes 10

JUNCTIONID Long integer Yes 10 SUBELEMENT_INDEX_CNT Long integer Yes 10

TableORIFICE


Allow nulls


HYDROCODE_DESC String Yes 30JUNCTIONID Long integer Yes 10

ORIFICE_DIAMETER_MS Double Yes 16 4 ORIFICE_HEIGHT_MS Double Yes 16 4 ORIFICE_WIDTH_MS Double Yes 16 4

ORIFICE_SHAPE_DESC String Yes dORIFICESHAPE 5ORIFICE_ORIENTATION_DESC String Yes dORIFICEORIENTATION 10

SUBELEMENT_INDEX_CNT Long integer Yes 10

TableBRIDGE_DECK


Allow nulls



FLOW_DIRECTION_DESC String Yes dCOMFLOWDIRECTIONS 5ROAD_SURFACE_MATERIAL_DESC String Yes dROADSURFACE 5ROAD_EMBANK_TOPWIDTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 ROAD_UNSUB_WEIRQCOEF_VAL Double Yes 16 4 SUBELEMENT_INDEX_CNT Long integer Yes 10

TablePIPE_BARREL


Allow nulls



HYDROEDGE_ID Long integer Yes 10 UPSTREAM_SHAPE_DESC String Yes dPSHAPE 10

UPSTREAM_INVERT_ELEVATION_MS Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_SHAPE_DESC String Yes dPSHAPE 10

DOWNSTREAM_INVERT_ELEVATION_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_RISE_MS Double Yes 16 4

DOWNSTREAM_RISE_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_SPAN_MS Double Yes 16 4

DOWNSTREAM_SPAN_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_MANNINGSN_VAL Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_MANNINGSN_VAL Double Yes 16 4

UPSTREAM_TOPCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_TOPCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_BOTTOMCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4 DOWNSTREAM_BOTTOMCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4 PIPE_BARREL_LENGTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 ENTRANCE_LOSS_VAL Double Yes 16 4

EXIT_LOSS_VAL Double Yes 16 4 BEND_LOSS_VAL Double Yes 16 4

VELOCITY_HEAD_VAL Double Yes 16 4 NUMBER_ELEMENTS_CNT Long integer Yes 10

LOW_POINT_MS Double Yes 16 4 UPSTREAM_CONTROL_TXT String Yes 20MATERIAL_TYPE_DESC String Yes dPMATERIAL 5

FLOW_DIRECTION_DESC String Yes dCOMFLOWDIRECTIONS 5UPSTREAM_INLET_DESC String Yes dINLETDESC 5DOWNSTREAM_INLET_DESC String Yes dINLETDESC 5SUBELEMENT_INDEX_CNT Long integer Yes 10

TableBRIDGE_OPENING


Allow nulls


HYDROCODE_DESC String Yes 30BRIDGEDECK_ID Long integer Yes 10

OPENING_TYPE_DESC String Yes dBRIDGEOPENINGTYPE 10UPSTREAM_CROSSSECTION_ID Long integer Yes 10 INVERT_ADJUSTMENT_NBR Double Yes 16 4

OPENING_STATION_NBR Double Yes 16 4 OPENING_SKEW_ANGLE_MS Double Yes 16 4 OPENING_EXPANSION_COEF_VAL Double Yes 16 4

OPENING_CONTRACTION_COEF_VAL Double Yes 16 4 OPENING_TOTAL_WIDTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 ORIFICE_DISCHARGE_COEF_VAL Double Yes 16 4 EMBANK_SIDESLOPE_MS Double Yes 16 4

EMBANK_ELEVATION_MS Double Yes 16 4 WINGWALL_ANGLE_MS Double Yes 16 4 WINGWALL_WIDTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 ROUNDING_RADIUS_MS Double Yes 16 4

LOW_CHORD_MS Double Yes 16 4 SUBELEMENT_INDEX_CNT Long integer Yes 10

TableWEIR


Allow nulls



WEIR_COUNT_CNT Long integer Yes 10 WEIR_SHAPE_DESC String Yes dWEIRSHP 10WEIR_TYPE_DESC String Yes dWEIRTYPE 5WEIR_FLOW_DESC String Yes dCOMFLOWDIRECTIONS 5

WEIR_SPAN_MS Double Yes 16 4 WEIR_RISE_MS Double Yes 16 4

WEIR_INVERT_ELEVATION_MS Double Yes 16 4 CONTROL_ELEVATION_MS Double Yes 16 4 WEIR_BOTTOMCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4

WEIR_TOPCLIP_MS Double Yes 16 4 WEIR_DISCHARGE_COEF_VAL Double Yes 16 4 ORIFICE_DISCHARGE_COEF_VAL Double Yes 16 4 WEIR_TOPLENGTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 TIME_VARIABLE_FLG String Yes 2

MATERIAL_TYPE_DESC String Yes dPMATERIAL 3CORRESPONDING_DEPTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 STRUCTURE_OPENING_NBR Long integer Yes 10

CROSSSECTION_ID Long integer Yes 10 LEFTSIDE_SLOPE_VAL Double Yes 16 4

RIGHTSIDE_SLOPE_VAL Double Yes 16 4 WEIR_BOTTOM_WIDTH_MS Double Yes 16 4 WEIR_ORIENTATION_DESC String Yes dWEIRORIENTATION 255SUBELEMENT_INDEX_CNT Long integer Yes 10

Coded value domaindSUBELEMENTTYPEDescription

Field typeSplit policy

Merge policy

StringDefault valueDefault value

DescriptionCode

BRID BRIDGE

BAR BARREL

PIPE PIPE

CHAN CHANNEL

GATE GATE

WEIR WEIR

XSECT CROSS SECTION

ORIF ORIFICE

PUMP PUMP

Sub Element Tables


Connect HydroJunction toolHydraulic Element Points identify a culvert location

User manually places HydroJunction

(and snaps it to Drainage Boundary)

Tool connects HydroJunction

(and creates Structure Link)


Applying Arc HydroVarious implementations


River Hydraulics in ArcGIS 9 (HEC-GeoRAS)

Work with HEC on developing GeoRAS solution for ArcGIS platform. Fully support RAS 4.0 spatial functionality

New (improved) UI

Additional spatial data input

Levees, ineffective flow areas, …

Terrain definition by TIN and GRID

Multi-TIN/GRID terrain representation

XML data I/O

Released as HEC “product”

Extension of Arc Hydro data model


River Hydrology (HEC-GeoHMS)

Work with HEC on developing GeoHMS solution for ArcGIS platform. Fully support GeoHMS 1.1 functionality

New (improved) UI

Additional characteristics

XML data I/O

Will be released as HEC “product”

Extension of Arc Hydro data model

Status Beta completed

In works: HMS 3 support (ModClark)


Map2Map (rainfall to floodplain)

FLOODPLAIN MAP

Flood map

as outputModel for

flood flow

Model

for flood

depth

HMS

Nexrad rainfall map as input


StreamStats (USGS)

Implementation of USGS regression equations for flow computations at ungaged locations

Web based application (and desktop)

Status – many States completed, work on several others in progress

Additional work contracted

Full implementation in Arc Hydro – all new GIS functionality is rolled-into Arc Hydro

ArcGIS Server implementation


Implement USGS debris flow prediction model within ArcGIS environment Peak flow

Probability of occurrence

Custom regression calculator

Built on top of Arc Hydro and StreamStats functionality for watershed delineation and characterization Generalization of characteristics extraction

Export to Excel

New functionality rolled-into Arc Hydro

So.Cal Fires Debris Flow Predictions


So.Cal Fires Debris Flow Predictions


Discussion

Documents

Arc Hydro Copyright © 2010 ESRI. All rights reserved. CURRENT ARC HYDRO FUNCTIONALITY Dean Djokic, Esri