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LAFLWSP Posts until 26/09/1433 A.H. & 14/8/2012 A.D.

Written By Safofoh Copyright 2012/07/22 LAFLWSP.com All Rights Reserved

http://www.laflwsp.com/ [email protected]

This book is a collection of lessons that were published in the site LAFLWSP until the date

26/09/1433 A.H. & 14/8/2012 A.D.

Main Lessons (there are 18 lessons). Complementary Lessons (there are 21 lessons) FNWEW / Fourteen new word each week (there are 10 lessons).

LAFLWSP Is "as it's published in the site" an abbreviation of Learning Arabic as a Foreign

Language With a Studied Plan. This site offers a series of eighteen main lessons and

unlimited complementary lessons are teaching Arabic language for free & its dedicated to

non-native Arabic speaker with new, easy & well-organized style. This series develops seven

skills you have which are reading, writing, listening, speaking, grammar and for the first time

inflection and rhetoric .Every main lesson develops three skills at least and it is consolidated

by audio lesson. Moreover, I hope you enjoy our services in this site.

This is the official FaceBook page to LAFLWSP"

http://www.facebook.com/pages/LAFLWSP/326900507326299"

This is the official FaceBook page to FNWEW"http://www.facebook.com/FNWEWProject "

LAFLWSP also published two books before, check them

* Talk As a Native in Arabic (TANA) "

http://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Talk%20As%20a%20Native%20in%20Arabic%2

0-%20(TANA)%20Set".

* 354W&354S from the series "the perfect way to build your Arabic vocabulary" produced by

FNWEW and LAFLWSP "http://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=%20The%20Perfect%20Way%20To%20Build%2

0Your%20Vocabulary%20|%20354W%20and%20354S".

We wish you a pleasant study. Do not forget to visit LAFLWSP site always.
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First Lesson

First vocal lesson

Skills: general information

Arabic language is one of the Semitic languages. It has 28 letters. It's written from right to left

and there is a space between each word& another word. The letters aren't written individually

rather than linked with each other in the one word.

Arabic language has a system called Al-Tashkeel helps you to pronounce words well and

helps in grammar. You'll take this with time.

Below, you will see all the letters and the numbers individually with their pronunciation.

Don't pass this lesson without memorizing all of them well.

Letters individually.

The letters are matching in English.

A D Almost D C(cat)

B TH(the) Almost T L

T R Almost TH(the) M

TH(thought) Z Almost A N

J(juice) S(scene) ----- H

Almost H SH(shift) F W(window)

KH S(subject) Almost

G(gather)

Y(yellow)

When they are in the beginning of a word.

When they are in the middle of a word.
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When they are in the end of the word.

The numbers.

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0There's a great website can help you to study letters when they're connected with each

other,click here.

There's another forms for some letters and they have their own using way rules.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Letters individually.

When they are in the beginning of a word.

When they are in the middle of a word.

When they are in the end of the word.

Note: I redden the original letter and its forms are violet.
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Second Lesson

Second vocal lesson

Skills: speaking, listening and grammar.

First skill: speaking

If I give you a word, how could you pronounce it?

For instance:

,,.

First of all, to do this you need to separate the letters to understand it easier.

Let's do this with the first word.

Note: the last letter is pronounced as a vowel.It became easier to read, isn't it?

Omei means my mother.

What about the second word:

Abei means my father.The third word without separating is

Maybe it became a little hard without separating but the words aren't written separated never.Akhei means my brother.

Take this

Opps, The first letter look different now.
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Yes, it is written like this when it is pronounced as (e) and comes in the first.

Ebar means needles.

Another example:

Ensaan means humanOk

Try to look at the forth letter.

It looks Strange right?

It's the third form we can use it when we write.

Question: When do I have to use it?

Answer: If you listened well to the pronunciation, you will observe that it was pronounced as

vowel letter and when you see it's pronounced as vowel, that the time you can use it.

In Arabic, we have three vowel letters:

,,

The first is like a in man.The second is like ou in you.

The third is like e in be.

You need to three examples on this to be close to understanding:

(Human)-

Fonoon means arts

(My mother)Note: we aren't pronounce them as a vowels all the time


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breaking

calming

When you write the opening character after a letter, you will read it as Xa.

Note: X means any letter.

Examples:

,,,

A, ba, ta and da.Like:

The second, when you write breaking character after a letter, you will read it as Xe.Examples:

,,,

E, khe, fe, me.Like:

The third one, when you write joining character after a letter, you will read it Xo.Examples:

,,,

O, bo, no, so.Like:

The fourth one, when you write it after a letter, you will read it X.,,,

B, z, h, k.


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Like:

Here some examples about all we have studied and try to read it by yourself. For more in

formation in reading words, visitDiacritical Marks.Note: we will not put any character with the vowel letters when they pronounce as vowels.

Just to recognize it but the right way it's calming the vowel but we leave it just as it.

Holm means dream

Jameel means beautiful

Ta'aam means food

Fotoor means breakfast

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Second skill: listening

Here we will practice on your extent of recognizing the difference in the pronunciation

between the letters.

Look at this table well and try to notice the difference in the pronunciation in the following

words.
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Listen well.

(Strange)

(Relative or near)

Blowing

Grains

Evidence

Hills

Clothes

Wolfs

Nation

Aunt (father's sister)

Pressure


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Envelope or circumstance

Pipe

Nail

Race

Dye

He ordered

Moon

Expatriation

Pious act

Third skill: grammar

House = the house

House = my house

Briefly, this is our lesson but in Arabic.

(The) in Arabic is ( ).

All you need to say the house is adding ( ) in the beginning of a noun.


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Note: this adding makes the noun definite.

Examples:

-

I separated it already just to make it more understandable.

(Housethe house)

(Relative or nearthe relative)

(Housemy house)

(Relativemy relative)I'm sure about that is so easy.

You just need to add one letter if you want to say my X and also it makes the noun definite.

Adding ( ) to the nouns requires separating the letters to two groups.

The first group called sun group:

The second group is the moon group:

The second group easier than the first.Examples on the second group:


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Note: when you look at the word, look at the first letter that is after the definition tool then

decide from which group it is. So, the three nouns are mentioned above, they are from the

moon group. Because ( ,, ) are from the moon group.The sun group:

After adding the definition tool to a noun from sun group, you will notice two changes. The

first us that is not pronounced but written and the second thing is appearing a strange

character ( ) on the first letter.

Note: you'll study about that character in the next lesson. Just memorize the first change.

Example:

Shams means sun

Asshams means the sunFollow that rule when you handle with sun group.

More Examples:

Nor means light.

Annoor means the light.

Tofah means apple

Attofah means the apple

Tofahee means my apple


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Shamsee means my sunVocal lesson

First skill

My mother

My father

My brother

needles

human

arts

boy

hand

dream

beautiful

food

breakfast

Second skill

Listen well.

Third skill

strange


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The strange

house

The house

near

The near

house

My house

near

My relative

sun

The sun

light

The light

apple

The apple

My apple

My sun


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Third Lesson

Third vocal lesson

Skills: speaking, reading and grammar.

First skill: speaking

In the previous lesson, we took one kind of Al Tashkeel system.

This time we will complete that system by studying Al sshaddah and Al Tanween that are the

two kinds remained.

Al sshaddah make the letter heavy to say or double it and it isn't come alone on the contrary ithas to unite with the joining , breaking or opening characters as we named them before .

Note: we will use ( ) letter as example.

The typeThe writing way

Al Sshaddah with the joining character

Al Sshaddah with the breaking character

Al Sshaddah with the opening character

Examples:

,,

Ssha, sshe and ssho.,,

Dda, dde and ddo.,,

Mma, mme and mmo.Ok, what about this words try to read it.
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(The symbol)

(The mercy)

(The birds)If you look well at the word ( ) you'll observe that the last letter is the second form tothe letter ( ).Nevertheless, pay attention, it has its own rules.Don't become strained because

it has just one rule that is pronounced like h and like t sometimes.

Question: When do we have to pronounce it like t or h?

Answer: We pronounce it like H when we stop talking and T when we want to say other

words after it (when we didn't stop talking).

Note: this form of ( ) letter just comes in the end of the nouns. You have to memorize all

these nouns in short, it doesn't have a specific rule concern to when it's written or not.

Examples:

(Plane)

(Car)

(Cleaning machine)Ok, if I want to say (a plane) or (a car) in Arabic, how can I do this?

Here we will need to our system that is Al Tashkeel system to recognize the third kind is

called Al Tanween.In addition, al Tanween has three types and the difference between Al

Tanween and the normal characters is that you'll pronounce n after every Al Tanween

charctar.

Note: Al Tanween characters just come in the end. It isn't as Al Sshaddah which can be in the

middle of the word.


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The typeThe writing way

The joining Tanween

The opening Tanween

The breaking Tanween

Examples:

Sayyaraton(A car)

Tayyaraton(A plane)

Ramzon(A symbol)

Holmon(A dream)

Al Holm(The dream)

Sayyaraten

(A car)


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Holmen(A dream)

Ramzan(A symbol)

Holman(A dream)

Question: Why we add ( ) In the end of the last two words?

Answer: you need to add it when you use the opening Tanween and remember it isn't

pronounced and this rule is used with all letters except ( ).

Like:

Tayyaratan(A plane)

Sayyaratan(A car)

You're making a mistake if you wrote it like this.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Second skill: reading
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When you browse Arabic websites you will notice they do not use Al Tashkeel system, Do

you ask yourself before why?

I will give you the answer. Because they memorized every word and its way of pronunciation.

You also will do this. From now, every word you study it, you will try to read it without AlTashkeel system and pronounce it in the right way. Focus and remember the pronunciation.

Let's start.

Third skill: grammar

The sun is shining.

Today is beautiful.

My car is wonderful.

The dreams are marvelous.

The iron is hard.

This is me.

The mother is compassionate.

My books are enveloped.

How to say in Arabic the seven sentences above.


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This is our lesson.

As you see, the Sentence consists of two words are linked.It starts with a word is called the

Beginner in Arabic because it comes in the first.The second word (predicate) is existed to tell

us more information about the first word (beginner).This is the syntax of the sentences

mentioned above.

In Arabic, we will begin the sentence with beginner then predicate like English.

The sun is shining.

.

Today is beautiful.

.

My caris wonderful..

The dreams are marvelous. .

The iron is hard. .

This is me..

The motheris compassionate..

My books are enveloped..

On the other hand, to build a sentence like this way (beginner and predicate), you have to

make the two words nominative. What is nominative? (Look at thesyntactic cases).Question: what are the marks of the nominative case?
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Answer: As you see all the words that we used it in the sentences are singular nouns or plural

nouns specifically one kind of plural, is called breaking plural, because we have in Arabic

language three kinds of plural nouns you'll study it.To form breaking plural nouns, look

at formulating breaking plural nouns.

In this table, I'll give you all singular nouns and breaking plural nouns marks.

Note: singular nouns and breaking plural have the same marks and what I mean of mark is the

case of the last letter in the word, if it has to be joined, opened, broke or calmed.

Nominative case

Accusative case

Genitive case

Note: the normal joining and Al Tanween joining are according to the definition and non-

definition.

If the noun is definite, we will not use Al Tanween and if the noun is indefinite, we will use

Al Tanween.

Examples:

My father is beautiful

My mother is beautifulWe can observe many things in these sentences above.

First, beautiful, why do we write it in different ways and why didn't we use the mark of the

nominative case with first nouns ( , )?

The first answer: In Arabic, we used two different nouns to feminine and masculine.

The second answer: the first nouns end with a vowel letter so it will be very hard to

pronounce the vowel letter and joining it in the same time so it's called impossibility case.
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Like:

.

My car is beautiful..

This is me.Note: In Arabic we classify the sun and the car as feminine nouns but today and the iron as

masculine nouns and take this rulebreaking plural nouns always are feminine nouns like my

books and the dreams.

Vocal lesson

First skill

The symbol

The mercy

The birds

airplane

car

washing machine

symbol

dream

The dream

A symbol

A dream

Second skill


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.The sun is shining.

.Today is beautiful.

.My car is wonderful.

.The dreams are marvelous.

.The iron is hard.

.This is me.

.The mother is compassionate.

My father is beautiful

My mother is beautiful


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Fourth Lesson

Fourth vocal lesson

Skills: grammar, rhetoric and reading.

First skill: grammar.

In the previous lesson, we studied how to make sentences of beginner and predicate type but

today we will learn how to link two nouns together. As an example to make adjectives like

(red cars, red rose).

In Arabic, we have two ways to connect two nouns.The first way is using adjective and

described noun but the second way is using adjunct and governed noun.

Examples of the first way:

Red car.

Beautiful mother.

Green apple.

Shiny sun.

The red car.

The beautiful mother.

The shiny sun.

As you see, in the last three sentence we used ( the ) , we use it just with the first noun but in

Arabic , if we used ( the ), we must use it with the two nouns ,if we didn't use it like in the

four first sentences , we will use instead of it Al Tanween with the two nouns .Briefly, the

two words must be similar in terms of the definition and the syntactic case to call themadjective and described noun.

The beautiful car.Note: the second word must be an adjective (the first word in English).
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Beautiful car.

Shiny sun.

The shiny sun.Question: Why did I write the one sentence in three ways?

I told you before the last character from Al Tashkeel system is very important because it

determines the position of the word in the sentence.Like if it is actor, object

All what I wrote it now is not called a sentence. It's just a linked nouns so we don't know its

position in the sentence if the described noun is an actor or an object but about the previous

lesson, we wrote sentences.

In the second way that is called adjunct and governed noun, the second word can't be an

adjective. The two words must be nouns.

Examples of the second way:

My father hand or hand of my father.

My brother dream or dream of my brother.

The Sun rising or the rising of the sun.

In Arabic:


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Note: the second noun must be definite noun not indefinite noun .you'll study later why we

recognize my brother and my father as definite nouns.Because the second noun has a position in the sentence that is governed noun, we have to use

a mark according to its case and its case is genitive.

Look at the table of singular and breaking plural marks in different cases and take this rule the

governed noun always is a genitive and for the six first sentence you know why we didn't use

the mark with the second noun because their case is called the impossibility case as you

studied it before .

About the first noun, because we don't know its syntactic case if it is nominative, accusative

or genitive; we can't use a mark as we don't know its position in the sentence.

Examples:

A beautiful day(Adjective and substantive)


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Beginner and predicate sentence:

1The first word must be definite and noun.

2The first word must be nominative noun.

3The second word can be one noun, two words (adjective and described noun) or (adjunct

and governed noun)

4If it is one noun, it must be nominative noun.

5It must be indefinite.

Adjective and described noun linked-word:

1The second word (adjective) should be similar to the first word (described noun) in termsof the definition and syntactic case as much as the first word is nominative so the second

word has to be nominative and like this.

2We must put them in a sentence to give them a complete meaning or right sentence like

my father hand in a sentence I hold my father hand.

Adjunct and governed noun linked-word:

1The first noun must be indefinite.

2Its syntactic case can be nominative, accusative or genitive but according to its position in

the sentence.

3The second noun must be definite.

4It is always genitive because it has a position that is governed.

Homework:

Try to explain

Today is a beautiful day.On what basis did we depend on to choose the suitable syntactic case to each word?

Second skill: rhetoric.

Before everything, we need to understand what rhetoric is.


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Rhetoric is transportation the meaning of the address perfectly to the reader or the

listener.Rhetoric is divided to two kinds one of them is meaning science and the second is

sentence style science.

The meaning science specializes in the meanings and thoughts and it leads us choosing the

suite linguistic structure to the situation.

sentence style science specializes in the structure of the sentence and how we have to arrange

the words and the sentences until it's coming perfect and we do all of that by using figurative

speech enhancements .

Now, we know what rhetoric means and what its types are.In the next lesson, we can study

sentences on it.

Third skill: reading.

Arabic language has many scripts like any language but the problem is how to read all the

words you know in another script.

Note: I will not write the words with Al Tashkeel system. You must read it like this.

Attention just the words you studied.

--

-

-

-

-

(I)-

(You, just for male)-

-

-


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Vocal lesson.


Note: examples were selected randomly.

The beautiful car.

Shiny sun

The shiny sun.

My father hand

My brother dream

The sun rising

An beautiful day

The beautiful day

feast day

the world Countries

Police man

A big tree.

Today is a beautiful day.


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Fifth Lesson

Fifth vocal lesson

Skills: writing, grammar and reading.

First skill: writing.

Scrutiny these letters ( ,,,,,,, ).

As you know before, all those are one letter but the problem is when I have to use them and

how.Well, take this rule, words can't begin except with these forms ( ,,, ) you can't find

words begin with ( ,,, ) .

Examples:

Lion

Sign

Connection

NeedleFirst, we will discuss these forms ( ,,, ).

Again, pay attention to these words.

Prize, reward

Shore, coast
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Sin

Responsible

Question

To ask (past)

Head

Part

Reading

Chivalry

Bold, courageousLet's study these examples.

First, let's arrange Al Harakat characters according to their strength and control.

1- Breaking character.

2 - Joining character.

3 - Opening character.

4 - Calming character.


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Now , to understand on what rule we depend on to choose the forms you have to memorize

their control range orderly and to be more clear you have to know that every character have a

suitable form .

Look at the table.

Note: we used ( ) as an example.

When the letter ( ) is broken or the letter before it is broken, we will choose this form ( ).

Examples on this:

Wonderful

Group

Volition or will

To be peaceful (present)When the letter ( ) is joined except if the letter before it is broken or the letter before it isjoined except if the letter ( ) is broken, we will choose this form ( ) because breaking

character can control more than joining character. So if the letter is broken or what's before it

is broken, we can't use ( ). Because breaking character is stringer.

The following table will show you it well.

Note: all of them are one letter but in different forms.

calmedopenedjoinedbrokenWhen the


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letter is

--------------------When, the

letter before it,

is

----broken

----joined

----opened

----calmed

----

----

----

Irregular cases:

1If the ( ) is between two ( ) it's written as ( ) like ( ).

2If the ( ) is opened or joined after calmed ( ) it's written as ( ) like ( ).

Note: () , () and () must be pronounced as vowels.

You can depend on this table to decide which form you have to use in every case. Just specify

if the letter ( ) is broken, calmed, joined or opened and the state of the letter before it then

choose the right form.

About () and (), they pronounced in the same way as vowels and you must memorize whenthey are written. It isn't having a specific rule.

About ( ), it's a long vowel and it has a different pronunciation from the normal vowel. So if

you hear a long vowel like (aaa), write this form.

Examples:

Aamal.Hopes

(Long vowel)


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Works(Short vowel)

Mer'aat.Mirror

(Long vowel)

Aathar.Antiques

(Long vowel)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Second skill: grammar.

In Arabic language, the word is divided into three types:

Noun, verb and preposition.

The sentence is divided into two types:

Nominal sentence and verbal sentence.

Nominal sentence is a sentence starts with a noun like beginner and predicate sentence.

Verbal sentence is a sentence starts with verb.

Example on verbal sentence:

.

.

Mohammad ate the appleNote: The second sentence is the correct sentence in terms of pronunciation but the first

sentence is the correct sentence in terms of writing and syntactic case. because we calm the

last letter in the last word when we talk so if you finished from saying your sentence you have
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to calm the letter but when you write it, it will be wrong if you calm the last letter in opposite

that you have to put its syntactic mark.

Of course, the first word is verb, because it is verbal sentence.

Ok what about:

.

Mohammad ate the appleSentence structure is correct, but from any type is it?It's a nominal sentence but how?Notice

that the predicate can be a sentence so the literal translation to the sentence isMohammad, he

ate the apple.

Mohammad is the beginner so it's nominative and he ate the apple is in a predicate positionand because it's a sentence, we can't use a nominative mark or a syntactic mark

anyway.Alsoin Arabic, we don't have to mention a pronoun so we delete it form the

predicate sentence.

Look at this sentence:

.

He is ate the apple.

Question: where is the actor?

The actor is a hidden pronoun in this sentence.

Ate

The apple

To get more information about the actor, visit the subject.

What about this sentence:

.

(Mohammad) is the beginner so we join its last letter because it's a nominative.The apple is

the object and the object is always accusative and it is a singular noun so its mark will be the

opening character.The actor must be after the verb but here it's a hidden pronoun.The sentence can be:

.
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Mohammad

ate

he

The apple

However, the best is deleting the pronoun because it isn't helping us in anything. We know

the actor and we know the object and the verb so the pronoun is No value..

Mohammad here is the actor instead of the pronoun, the actor is always nominative, and

Mohammad is a singular noun so the last letter must be joined.Question: why didn't we join the last letter of the pronoun in the previous nominal sentence?

Answer: in Arabic, there's some words can be inflective and the pronoun some of them. So,

its end marks aren't change.

You'll be familiar with this later.

More examples:

.

A verb sentence.Ahmad is drinking the juice.

Note: to change the time of the sentence you don't change the structure of the sentence instead

of changing the same verb.

Examine closely the last characters.

.

A noun sentence.Literal translation: Ahmad, he is drinking the juice.

.

A verb sentence.He is drinking the juice.


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Homework:

.

Explain that sentence.Friend

The student

ate

The apple

Third skill: reading.

Read this conversation:

Mohammad: hello

:

Ali: hi:

Mohammad: how are you?:

Ali: I'm fine, what about you?: ,

Mohammad: well, I'm fine.:,

Ali: I'll go to somewhere, do you go with me?:,

Mohammad: yes, I will.:, .


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The aim of this conversation is that you can read without someone's help so try to read it by

yourself even you didn't understand the meaning well and don't forget to calm the last letter at

every stop.Vocal lesson



lion

Sign , mark

connection

optimism

My purity.

slow

To ask (passive)

pearls

Hopes


Mohammad ate the apple. .

(Home work)

He drinks the juice. .

Khaled read the book. .

He went to the garden. .

Clean apple. .

The apple is clean. .


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Sixth Lesson

Sixth vocal lesson.

Skills: inflection, grammar and reading.

First skill: inflection.

In this lesson, we will talk about the masculine and feminine .The differences between

masculine and feminine nouns. What feminine marks are? How to change masculine

adjectives into feminine adjectives if you want to describe feminine noun.

To change most adjectives to feminine you need to end the adjective with ( ).

Examples:

Beautiful (for male)

Beautiful (for female)

Short (for male)

Short (For female)

Tall (for male)

Tall (for female)

Generous (for male)
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Generous (for female)

Scientist (for male)

Scientist (for female)As for color adjectives, we end the word with ( ) and other changes occur to the noun like

(deleting the first letter).

White (for male)

White (for female)

Red (for male)

Red (for female)

Blue (for male)

Blue (for female)

Green (for male)

Green (for female)

Yellow (for male)


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Yellow (for female)Rule: every plural noun for inhuman in Arabic is a feminine noun and it's treated as

feminine.To know if the word is a feminine or not, there are some signs can help you on this.

Signs of feminization are three. Don't be amazed if you see feminine noun without a sign

because there are feminine nouns without signs but they aren't too much.

Note: feminine signs always are coming in the end of the noun.Signs of feminization are

( ,, ).

Examples of feminine nouns:

Books(Plural noun to inhuman)

Pencils(Plural noun to inhuman)

Letters(Plural noun to inhuman)

Salmaa (girl name)(Ending with a sign)

Desert(Ending with a sign)

Fatimah (girl name)


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(Ending with a sign)

Flower(Ending with a sign)

Flowers(Plural noun to inhuman)

I think now you can recognize what a feminine noun is.Every plural noun to inhuman is

feminine and any noun ends with feminization signs and girls' names are feminine.Remember some nouns also don't have a specific rule or sign.

More examples:

Clearness(End with sign and girl's name)

Bliss(End with sign and girl's name)

Shiny (for feminine)(End with sign and it's adjective)

Smart (for feminine)(End with sign and it's adjective)

Engineer (for feminine)


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(End with sign and it's adjective)

Small (for feminine)(End with sign and it's adjective)

Dew(End with sign and girl's name)

Offices(Plural noun to inhuman)

Fever(End with sign)

Lawsuit(End with sign)

The sun(Without sign)

Second skill: grammar

The verb in Arabic is divided into three types' imperative verb, past verb and present verb.

Did (past)


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Doing (present)

Do (Imperative)This kind of verbs is called verbs with three letters.

Note: in Arabic, the origin is the past verb so if we say verb consist of three letters we mean

its past form consists of three letters.

More examples:

Went (past)

Going (present)

Go (Imperative)

Looked (past)

Looking (present)

Look (Imperative)

Walked (past)

Walking (present)


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Walk (Imperative)

Said (past)

Saying (present)

Say (Imperative)

Slept (past)

Sleeping (present)

Sleep (Imperative)

Elapsed (past)

Elapsing (present)

Elapse (imperative)To recognize more verbs, visitThe Most 107 Important Arabic Verbs.

From these examples, we will write our observations. The past verb when it is in a sentence,

its last letter always is opened (subjunctive case). Look at syntactic cases.

Example:

Another example:
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Ahmad drank the juice.Another observation the last letter from the imperative verb is always a calmed letter (jussive

case).

Examples:

.

Drink the juice..

Play with your friends.

Play

with

your friends

Present verb always is in indicative case (the last letter is joined) except if subjunctive tools orjussive tools precede it.

.

.

.

.

Note: the verb is always changing depending on its actor and here it changed because the

actor is a singular feminine noun. Take look atthe subject.

drinking

Hind

juice
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apple

Examples of the other cases to present verb:

Jussive tools:

.

Mohammad didn't eat the apple. (Jussive case, when it is preceded by )..

Don't eat the apple (the speech is directed to Mohammad) (jussive case, when it is preceded

by )

Eat the apple (the speech is directed to Mohammad) (jussive case, when it is preceded by ).Subjunctive tools:

Mohammad will not eat the apple (subjunctive case, when it is preceded by ).

To eat the apple (subjunctive case, when it is preceded by ) . .

Bring the apple to Mohammad eat the apple (subjunctive case, when it is preceded by ) .Look at this table is showing you present verb cases.

The case The mark

Indicative case Joining mark

Jussive case Calming mark

Subjunctive case Opening mark

In this table, you'll find every tool and its meaning.


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The tool The meaning

Denial the happening of the verb in the past

Ordering prohibition of the happening of the

verb

Ordering the happening of the verb

Denial the happening of the verb in the future

Make the verb after it in infinitive situation

Using for justification

You have to memorize those three cases to present verb when it is jussive, when it is

subjunctive and when it is indicative and remember being indicative is the base in the normal

situation.

More examples:

.

Fatimah will not go to the school..

Fatimah didn't say that..

It is impossible to be in agreement with you. .

You have to study well to success in the exam. (The speech is directed to female) Literalism translation:

It's being necessary with you to study well to success in the exam.

be necessary


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with you

To ( make the verb infinitive )

study

well

To ( for justification )

success

in

the exam

.

It's being necessary with you studying well to success in the exam.Question: why didn't we put the mark in end of the verbs?

Answer: As you see, the last letter is a vowel so it will be impossible to open it and pronounce

it. That case is called impossibility case as you studied it before. The second reason is ( )

isn't a normal present verb. It's from the five verbs. The origin verb is ( ) and it means

she is succeeding.

Third skill: reading

Download Dictionary Arabic-English and try to understand the conversation what is talking

about.

Note: study sentence structure.

:.

:,

:, .

: ,.

Vocal lesson


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First skill: inflection


Beautiful

Beautiful

Tall

Tall

Pencils

green

green

Salmaa


Play with your friends. .

Mohammad will not eat the apple.

Do


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Seventh Lesson

Seventh vocal lesson

Skills: writing, grammar and listening.


Increasing some letters in some words aren't pronounced and deleting some letters in some

words are pronounced are what our lesson is taking about.

Examples:

But

This one

This (for masculine)

This (for feminine)

These, those

These, those

Like this

God
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The most mercifulThe nouns are mentioned aboveare written like this but are they pronounced like this?Theright pronunciation is ( ).This is a rule. Thesespecific words are written like this and pronounced in a different way.

Let's look at word has extra letters and isn't pronounced.

Example:

(Boy's name)In addition, there are verbs have extra letters when the actor is a plural male noun.

They listened.

They said.

They gathered..

They stayed awake until the morning.

They stayed awake

until

the morning

Memorize all these words because there are no other words have these situations. They are

irregular words.

Second skill: grammar


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Here we will study some words and their effectiveness when they are in a nominal

sentence .We divided them into two groups according to their effectiveness.

The first group: (verbs)

To be (past)

To be (present)

To be (Imperative)

To become (past)

To become (present)

To become (Imperative)

To become (past)

To become (present)


To become (past)

To become (present)


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To become (past)

To become (present)


To remain (past), to keep doing (past)

To remain (present), to keep doing (present)

To remain (Imperative), to keep doing (Imperative)

Not (it's for negation. it isn't have past, present or imperative form so it's called a solid verb)

The second group: (prepositions)

Verily (for confirmation)

As if, as though

But


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Perhaps, maybe

Would thatThe explanation: The first group makes the beginner nominative but the predicate accusative.

For that their name is abrogating verbs because they abrogate the predicate case.

Examples:

The moon was crescent.

.

The moon became crescent..

The moon stayed crescent..

The moon is becoming crescent..

The moon is being crescent..

The moon is crescent..

The moon is not crescent..

The moon will not be crescent.To get more information in negating, visitthe negation.

The second group is the opposite; it makes the beginner accusative and the predicate

nominative. Their name is abrogative prepositions.
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Examples:

.

The moon is crescent (confirmatory sentence).

As if the moon is crescent.As though the moon is crescent.

.

But the moon is crescent..

Perhaps the moon is crescent..

Would the moon is crescent.More examples:

.

The sun is shining today..

Would today is a rainy day..

Perhaps the weather is hot.

The weather became hot.

Third skill: listening.

Listen to the short flowing paragraph and guess the meaning by yourself then make sure by

looking at the meaning.


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The translation:

The Cheetah

Cheetah is a predator animal from meats eater group. It exists in many parts of Africa and

Asia except that it does not exist in Australia or in the polarity regions. The cheetah is

characterized by a strong, an agile body and ready for the hunt. It's smart and swindler. It'spracticing the hunt night and day.

The important words.

The cheetah

To exist (present)

The hunt

Vocal lesson.



To keep doing (Imperative).

Perhaps the moon is crescent. .

Would today is a rainy day. .

Second skill: listening.

Listen well.


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Eighth Lesson

Eighth vocal lesson

Skills: reading, grammar and speaking.

First skill: reading.

I have perfect software ArabicEnglish dictionary, download it for free,from here.

Try to understand this story through using the dictionary.

, .

:

" ".

, .

: " " .


Here we will talk about pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, relative pronouns and

conjunctions.

This table is showing you when you use the suitable pronoun in your speech like

(she does, he does, you do, I do).

Single (for

male )

Single (for

female )

Dual Plural ( for

male )

Plural (for

female )

Speaker

( first

person )

Spoken to

( second

person )

Absent (third
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person )

Note: the pronouns cannot be able to syntax that means you just mention its position but don't

change its last characters.

Examples:

.

We went to the home..

You went to the home..

They went to the home. (It is directed to dual)There is another kind of pronouns called adjacent pronouns and the reason of calling themadjacent is that they stick to the noun. They indicate the ownership.Read the subject.

Single (for

male )

Single (for

female )

Dual Plural ( for

male )

Plural (for

female )

Speaker

( first

person )

(vowel)

(vowel)

Spoken to

( second

person )

Absent (third

person )
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Examples:

My book

Your book (for male)

Her book

Our book

Your book (for female)

Your book (for plural)

Their book (for feminine plural)

Your book (for dual)Demonstrative pronouns:

Singular Dual Plural

For male ,

For female ,


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Here

There

Example:

.

This man is fat.The origin of the sentence is the man is fat. It's a nominal sentence too. Adding demonstrative

pronoun doesn't make changing in the syntax. The predicate stills predicate and the beginner

stills beginner. For more information, visitdemonstrative pronouns.

Relative pronouns:

Singular Dual Plural

For male

For female

Examples:

.

This is the man who gave me a gift. .

This is the woman who gave me the gift..

These are the two men who gave him the gift.The origin of the sentence is these are the women. It's a nominal sentence contains beginner

and predicate. Here, the relative pronoun came after the predicate that means it's telling us

more information about it. The beginner stills beginner. The predicate stills predicate. The

sentence that is coming after the relative pronoun has its own syntax that is actor, object and

verb.
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Conjunctions:

First, I'll explain to you how conjunctions work.

You can use conjunctions between nouns, verbs and sentences. For the nouns, the first noun is

analyzed in terms of its position but the second noun takes the same syntactic case of the firstnoun that means if the first noun is accusative the second noun will be accusative too.For

verbs, they have the same rules. If the first verb is subjunctive, the second verb will be

subjunctive too.For sentences, that doesn't make difference.Because we don't use mark in

sentences.

Conjunctions are ( ,, ).This table is showing you their meaning.

The meaningThe letter

Mean the absolute combination

Mean the arrangement with the following

Mean the arrangement with slackness

Examples:

.

I studied grammar and literature..

I went to Al-Basra then Al-Kofah..

I went to the college in the morning then I came back to our home in the evening.More examples:

.

I ate the apple and pomegranate..

This pomegranate is delicious.


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.

I entered from this gate..

He is who did this.

He

who

did

this

.

She is a good girl..

These two men are who hit me yesterday..

I won't go and sleep in my room.

Third skill: speaking.

Consider these examples:

.

This woman who gave me the gift is wonderful.Haathehe al'mar'ato alatee a'atatnee al'hadeyyata rae'ah.

.

Here, there is a big tree.


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Honaa, toojado shajaraton kabeerah.

.

I went with my father by the car.Thahabto ma'a abee be'ssayyarah.

Did you notice a difference in the pronunciation with this letter ( )?

When it's mentioned in the middle of the sentence, it's pronounced (T) but when it is in the

end of the sentence or when we stopped speaking it's pronounced as (H)

More examples:

.

There are pigeon is flying.Honaaka hamaamaton tateer.

.

Would that I have such this game.Layta ladayya methlo haathehe al'llo'obah.

.

Tomorrow, we will go to the city me and my sister's friend.Sanathhabo gadan ana wa sadeegato okhtee elaa al'madeenah.

Vocal lesson


I

They

We


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Their book

Their book

Your book


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Ninth Lesson

Ninth vocal lesson

Skills: inflection and grammar.

First skill: inflection

Question: what's the inflection and with which words can we use it?

Answer: the inflection is rules we can know by it words' structures that isn't syntax. Also, it's

restricted to declinable verbs and declinable nouns.

First we will learn something is called the morphological balance and its using way.

The morphological balance is ( ) to most of words. ( ) matches the first letter. ( ) matchesthe second letter. ( ) matches the third letter. We chose that word because most of Arabic

words consist of three letters.

Weighing method:

Question: what's the benefit from weighing words?

Answer: in Arabic we weigh every word to extract the actor name, object name, time name,

machine

Look at these lessons time, place and machine name.

If ( ) is opened so what matches it is opened.

If ( ) is opened so what matches it is opened.

If ( ) is opened so what matches it is opened

The wordThe

balance

The wordThe

balance
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From the previous table, we make the balance ( ) matches the word we want to weigh it.

Look at these tables. They are closer to understanding.

Question: how can I weigh the words consist of more than three letters?

Answer: if the word consists of four letters, we add ( ) in the end and if the word consist of

five letters and that's happing just with nouns, we add another ( ) in the end of the word.

Examples:

:.

:.

:.

:.

:

:.


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:.

Note: as you see, we merged ( ) in ( , ) because they're the same letter andbecause the first is calmed but we can do the opposite too.

:

Now I think you can weigh any word you want and that isn't a problem but if you have a verb

how to extract the actor name , the object name , the place name , the time name , the machine

name , the adjective name , exaggeration forms and the infinitive name .Don't worry about all of this; just you should know how to extract the actor and the object

names.The actor name is a noun that's extracted from the active verb to indicate who did the

verb.If the verb consists of three letters then the actor balance will be ( ).

Note: the past verb is the main/origin verb thus we use it to weigh.

Examples:

(v.. )(v.. )(n.. )(n)

To write (v)... writer(n)(v.. )(v.. )(n.. )(n)

To read (v)... reader(n)(v.. )(v.. )(n.. )(n)

To hit (v)... hitting (n)(v.. )(v.. )(n.. )(n)

To wear(v)... wearing (n) ordressed (n)(v.. )(v.. )(n.. )(n)

To know (v)... knowing (n), aware oforscientist (n)

If the verb consists of more than three letters then the actor balance will be adding joining ( )

and breaking the letter before the last letter.

Examples:

(v..)(n)

To learn (v)... learner(n)


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(v.. )(n)

To reassure (v)... reassuring (n) orgiving confidence.(v.. )(n)

To marry (v)... married (n)The object name is a noun that's extracted from the passive verb to indicate who the verb is

happened on it.If the verb consists from three letters then the object balance will be ( ).

(passive v.. )(n)

To hear(v)... heard (n)

(passive v.. )

(n)

To understand (v)... understood (n)(passive v.. )(n)

To write (v)... written (n)(passive v.. )(n)

To read (v)... read (n)If the verb consists of more than three letters then the object balance will be adding () andopening the letter before the last letter.

(passive v.. )(n)

To learn (v)... learnable (n)(passive v.. )(n)

To endure (v)... endurable (n)

Second: grammar

Consider these groups of nouns well.

The first group:


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Teacher (for male),

Teachers (for male)

Writer (for male),

Writers (for male)

Smart (for male),

Smarts (for male)

Scientist (for male),

Scientists (for male)

Fool (for male),

Fools (for male)Before we're talking about our lesson. I'm sure that you can know those nouns from any verbs

came. Just return them to their main situation.

..

Teacher (n)... to teach (v)..

Stupid (n)... to make inattentive (v)


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Let's back to our lesson. All you need to change a singular masculine noun into a plural noun

is adding ( ) or ( ) according to some rules.

Memorize these rules:

1 - This kind of plural is for masculine adjectives or nouns only.

2We choose ( ) if the noun is nominative.

3We choose ( ) if the noun is accusative or genitive.

This table shows you the situations well. We used ( ) as an example.

Nominative case

Accusative case

Genitive case

The Second group:

Teacher (for female)

,

Teachers (for female)

Aspirant (for female),

Aspirants (for female)

Rich (for female),

Riches (for female)


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Scientist (for female),

Scientists (for female)To change a singular feminine noun into a plural noun, you need to add ) ) according tothese rules.

The rules:

1 - This kind of plural is for feminine words only.

2 - When the noun is nominative we join the last letter.

3 - When the noun is accusative or genitive we break the last letter.

Look at this table, we used ( ) as an example.

Nominative case

Accusative case

Genitive case

The third group:

,

Scientist

Scientists (for male and female),

Miserable


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Miserable (plural),

Rich

Riches (for male and female)

Key

Keys

Cemetery

Cemeteries

Letter

Letters

Craft

Crafts

Ceiling


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Ceilings,

Comrade

Comrades,

Friend

FriendsThis group is called breaking plural because it breaks the noun or changes the letters positions

to make it plural.To know how you can formulate breaking plural nouns, look at formulating

breaking plural nouns.

We studied breaking plural cases before. Look atthe third lessonorsyntactic cases.

About dual, consider this group.

Lad,

Two lads

Scientist (for male),

Two scientists (for male)

Scientist (for female),
http://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Formulating%20Breaking%20Plural%20Nounshttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Formulating%20Breaking%20Plural%20Nounshttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Third%20Lesson%20|%20Building%20the%20First%20Arabic%20Sentencehttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Third%20Lesson%20|%20Building%20the%20First%20Arabic%20Sentencehttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Third%20Lesson%20|%20Building%20the%20First%20Arabic%20Sentencehttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Syntactic%20Caseshttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Syntactic%20Caseshttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Syntactic%20Caseshttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Syntactic%20Caseshttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Third%20Lesson%20|%20Building%20the%20First%20Arabic%20Sentencehttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Formulating%20Breaking%20Plural%20Nounshttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Formulating%20Breaking%20Plural%20Nouns


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Two scientists (for female)

Word,

Two words

Wall,

Two wallsMaking a singular (masculine or feminine) noun to dual is through adding ( ) or ( )according to a rules.

1When it is nominative, it's written with ( (.

2When it is accusative or genitive, it's written with ( ).

3You can use this form with all the nouns.

Vocal lesson

First skill: inflection.

killer

actor

killed

found

awaiting

expected


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Tenth Lesson

Tenth vocal lesson

Skills: speaking, listening and reading.

First lesson: speaking

Try to find the difference between these two words in the pronunciation.

Belief

Eemaan.

SonEben.

As you see, there's no difference in the ( )'s pronunciation but consider them again but in this

sentence and listen well to the audio (click on tenth vocal lesson to download the audio

lesson).

.

Mohammad's daughter Eemaan went out with her neighbor's sun to the garden. Ebnato mohammadden eemanon kharajat ma'a bne jaarehaa elaa al'bostaan.

Note: the A isn't pronounced in al'bostaan.

As you listened, () is pronounced when it comes in the beginning of the sentence but it isn't

pronounced when it is in the middle. This letter which is one of ( )'s forms is called cutting( ).The second kind is called linking ( ) and it's pronounced in any condition.

Note: ( ) is one of the kinds of the cutting ( ). Because ( ) isn't pronounced in ( ) when it's in

the middle.

Examples: Listen

What's your name?
http://www.4shared.com/mp3/dxKXtVMG/tenth-vocal-lesson.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/mp3/dxKXtVMG/tenth-vocal-lesson.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/mp3/dxKXtVMG/tenth-vocal-lesson.html


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Maa smok?

My son is so smart.Ebnee thakeyyon jeddan.

Which woman?Ayyo mra'ah?

Second skill: listening

Listen to the conversation and try to understand it by yourself after that look at the translation.

The translation:

Waleed: hi

Oways: hello

Waleed: what's your name?

Oways: my name is oways what about you?

Waleed: my name is waleed nice to meet you.

What are you doing here?

Oways: nothing, I just was watching but I'll go now.

How can I call you up?

Waleed: this is my number 00000000 good bye.

Oways: good bye.

Third skill: reading


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Read this paragraph.

, ,.

,,.

The translation:

An old women Wanted to cross the street but she could not be able to cross because

the cars was passing quickly. Also, whenever she wants to cross, she sees a car passing on her

left hand and a car passing on her right hand. At that time, she goes back to her place.

Traffic policeman saw this old woman. He raised him hand then stopped the cars. He went tothe old women, grabbed her hand and helped her to cut the street.

Vocal lesson

First skill: speaking.

Belief and girl name

Son

Mohammad's daughter Eemaan went out with

her neighbor's sun to the garden.

.

What's your name?

My son is so smart.

Which woman?


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Listen to the conversation.


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Eleventh Lesson

Eleventh vocal lesson.

Skills: grammar, speaking and listening.


Today, we're going to study interjection formula and superlative formula for what they're used

and how they're used. Firstly, what's Interjection Formula?

Answer: it's a Verbal expression indicates surprise and amazement (it's used when you're

surprised).

Interjection formula is divided into two kinds direct interjection and indirect interjection. The

direct interjection is always using a one balance which is ( ).

Note: To read more about balances, return to the Ninth Lesson.

As an example, look at the word ( ). It is in weight ( ). To transform that word tointerjection formula in order to you wondered, you need to make it in ( ) weight. Knowingthe initial balance to the word is very important.

Look at this.

.

What beautiful Fatimah is, how much Fatimah is beautiful.Note: the interjection verb is always subjunctive plus to it's a solid verb (it isn't present and

imperative form).

As to indirect interjection, as an example, you want to wonder at Fatimah's kindness. You'll

say what beautiful Fatimah's kindness is. In Arabic, you'll use that same way.

.

Question: When do we use the indirect interjection and when not?Answer: we use it at what time we can't make the word in the desired weight ( ).

More examples on this:

.

What wonderful this sight is.
http://www.4shared.com/mp3/ohftPtFM/eleventh_vocal_lesson.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/mp3/ohftPtFM/eleventh_vocal_lesson.htmlhttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Ninth%20Lesson%20|%20Arabic%20Single%20and%20Pluralhttp://www.laflwsp.com/EViewer.aspx?id=Ninth%20Lesson%20|%20Arabic%20Single%20and%20Pluralhttp://www.4shared.com/mp3/ohftPtFM/eleventh_vocal_lesson.html


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.

Whatbright that garden is..

What tall this mountain height is.The Superlative Formula:

The superlative formula is a way makes you able to compare between two things. The

Superlative formula is extracted from the past verb if it achieved these points.

1The past of the verb must be with three letters.

2The verb isn't from 's sisters.

3It must be non-passive.

4It must be comparable not un-comparable like: dying.

If it achieved all these points then we can make it in ( ) weight to masculinenouns or ( )to feminine nouns. These balances are what used to comparison.

Examples:

------.

More, bigger, better, prettier, better, stronger, worthier.The superlative formula bases are Favorite, Favorite on it, superlative noun and superlative

preposition.

Superlative formula states:

1the Superlative noun is without ( the ) as a result it will be single ,masculine and the

( favorite on it ) will be genitive by ( ) or without it. Also, it's not according to the favoritecharacteristics.

Example:

,.

Mohammad is olderthan him brother, Mohammad is older.2if the superlative noun is added to definite word (genitive) consequently it has to be

single ,masculine and the ( favorite on it ) isn't mentioned .


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Example:

.

Mohammad is the best man.General Examples:

.

Fatimah isprettierthan her sister..

I'm tallerthan my friend..

He is thesmartest student.Second skill: speaking.

Here we will focus on how to pronounce , , and clearly. Since they are pretty hard todifferentiate between them.

Listen to these words and try to pronounce them as you listen.

Anecdote. .

Student. .

Witty. .

Officer. .

Bear. .

Doctor. .

Bucket. .

Molar. .

Envelope. .

Nail. .

Animal. .


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Predator. .

Third skill: listeningListen to the conversation and guess the right meaning then look at the translation.

A: Good morning, sir. May I see your passport, please?

B: Good morning. Here you are.

A: Thank you. Is this your first visit to Britain?

B: No. I have been here before. I came two years ago for two weeks.

A: What is the purpose of your visit?

B: I'm sorry. I don't understand.

A: Why have you come to Britain?

B: I have a business meeting.

A: How long do you plan to stay?

B: Five days only. I will return home on Saturday.

A: Where will you stay in London?

B: I'll stay at the Ritz Hotel.

A: Thank you very much. Enjoy your stay.

B: Thank you.Vocal Lesson.

First skill: speaking.

Look at the speaking skill.


:,

:,.


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:,

:,,.

:

:,.

:

:.

:

:,.

:,.

:.


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Twelfth Lesson

Twelfth vocal lesson.

Skills: grammar, inflection and writing.


Look at this sentence. Oh Mohammad, eat your breakfast. Surely, you can know to who the

speech is directed. Nevertheless, what about this "eat your breakfast "?

In Arabic, Mohammad is called vocative noun and oh is a vocative preposition. There are six

of such that preposition which are ( -- ).

.

Oh Mohammad, eat your breakfast.Vocative prepositions are divided into three groups according to the kind of the vocative noun

far, near or lamentation. ( ) is to near vocative, ( ,) are to remote vocative, ( ) is tolamentation as well as ( ) is the most general preposition for all the conditions.

The vocative preposition can be deleted if it is so clear that the sentence means vocation

without needing to any prepositions are indicating that except of some conditions like:

1If you are mourning someone.

2If you're calling to help.

3If you're calling out to a far person.

4If the vocative noun is non-intentional and indefinite noun.

5If the vocative noun is a pronoun.

7If the vocative noun is demonstrative pronouns.

8If the vocative noun is intentional and indefinite noun.

Vocative noun types:

1 - being actor name or object name.

Example:
http://www.4shared.com/mp3/S2fKQFJM/twelfth_vocal_lesson.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/mp3/S2fKQFJM/twelfth_vocal_lesson.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/mp3/S2fKQFJM/twelfth_vocal_lesson.html


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