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Apraxia post Apraxia post StrokeStroke
Paul MorrisPaul MorrisOccupational Therapist Occupational Therapist
GSTT GSTT
OverviewOverview
Explore what apraxia is Explore what apraxia is
The parts of the brain contribute to apraxiaThe parts of the brain contribute to apraxia
How apraxia can presentHow apraxia can present
Intervention techniques Intervention techniques
Task Performance Task Performance
All tasks require cognitive and perceptual All tasks require cognitive and perceptual components to complete themcomponents to complete them
Our ability to process the information in our Our ability to process the information in our environment has a direct impact on what we environment has a direct impact on what we can docan do
Praxis is an extremely important link Praxis is an extremely important link between brain and behaviour. This allows us between brain and behaviour. This allows us to interact with the world to interact with the world
Apraxia is…..Apraxia is…..
A reduced ability to interact with the A reduced ability to interact with the environment and physical world. environment and physical world.
The inability to perform skilled and The inability to perform skilled and purposeful motor tasks in the absence of purposeful motor tasks in the absence of motor deficits, paresis and paralysis. motor deficits, paresis and paralysis.
Apraxia Apraxia
Developmental DyspraxiaDevelopmental Dyspraxia
Acquired Apraxia: Resulting from CVA, Acquired Apraxia: Resulting from CVA, Traumatic Head Injury, Acquired Brain Injury Traumatic Head Injury, Acquired Brain Injury (hypoxia, encephalopathy and other (hypoxia, encephalopathy and other conditions) conditions)
Apraxia can be thought of being able to be Apraxia can be thought of being able to be broken into two distinct yet interactive broken into two distinct yet interactive components. Yet there are many components. Yet there are many subcategories that we come across in our subcategories that we come across in our practicepractice
Ideomotor Apraxia: inability to produce the Ideomotor Apraxia: inability to produce the correct movements and components of a correct movements and components of a task even though the individual retains the task even though the individual retains the concept of the taskconcept of the task
Ideational Apraxia: an inability to formulate Ideational Apraxia: an inability to formulate plans in order to execute tasks. plans in order to execute tasks.
So how might these presently differently? So how might these presently differently?
Ideomotor ApraxiaIdeomotor Apraxia
Difficulty imitating common movements or Difficulty imitating common movements or gesturesgestures
Difficulty with common tool useDifficulty with common tool use
Concept remains intact, it’s the executionConcept remains intact, it’s the execution
Poor control Poor control
Plane of movement and accuracy Plane of movement and accuracy
Ideational ApraxiaIdeational Apraxia
Inappropriate tool useInappropriate tool use
Sequence of task Sequence of task
OmissionsOmissions
Perseveration Perseveration
Use of own hand as a toolUse of own hand as a tool
Ideomotor ApraxiaIdeomotor Apraxia
Pre motor cortex of bilateral hemispheresPre motor cortex of bilateral hemispheres
Left inferior parietal lobeLeft inferior parietal lobe
Corpus callosum Corpus callosum
Basal gangliaBasal ganglia
ThalamusThalamus
Ideational ApraxiaIdeational Apraxia
Pre frontal and premotor cortex of bilateral Pre frontal and premotor cortex of bilateral hemispheres hemispheres
Left inferior parietal lobuleLeft inferior parietal lobule
Corpus callosumCorpus callosum
Intervention Intervention TechniquesTechniques
Tactile, kinesthetic and proprioceptive inputTactile, kinesthetic and proprioceptive input
Simple commandsSimple commands
Contextual environmentsContextual environments
SpontaneitySpontaneity
Reduced distractionsReduced distractions
Goal directed Goal directed
Questions?Questions?
Thank You.Thank You.