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Annual Report 2012 .Dairy Chemistry Division.( DRAFT)

1.0 Introduction

2012 was very challenging for the staff of Dairy Chemistry Division . Our key achievements were the charging of

fees for analytical activities since January, annual revenue of Rs. 432,100.00 was attained and more importantly we

completed the accreditation project whereby the laboratory was awarded ISO 17025 accreditation for six

microbiological tests by Mauritas on 12 December 2012 .

As usual the Dairy Chemistry Division (DCD) is involved essentially with routine analytical works comprising analysis

of milk and milk products, including raw materials used in the dairy sector and providing technical support to its

stakeholders. Both chemical and microbiology parameters are tested for quality and safety. In 2012 , 311 samples of

milk , dairy products and other food samples were analysed for chemical constituents and in addition the samples

of raw and pasteurized milk were subjected to microbiological counts.

Set-up under the premises of the Food Technology Laboratory (FTL) since 2006, the Microbiology Laboratory offers

its regular support to the Division of Veterinary Services ( DVS) and other bodies for quality and safety control of

imported meat, meat products and other food commodities. 1186 food samples of mixed nature were screened

for major food pathogens such as E.coli, Salmonella species , Staphylococcus aureus among others, thus representing

a total of 2595 tests for the year 2012.

In line with the accreditation project the Technical Staff were continuously trained in-house training on ISO/IEC

17025; all necessary procedures prescribed in the Quality Manual were completed under the guidance of Quality

Leaders Ltd. Other essential courses pertaining to our activities were dispensed to the staffs. The laboratory

participated in three Proficiency Testing scheme ( PT) organised by National Food Administration( NFA) of Sweden

and several Reference Materials ( microbiology) were used to assess staffs’ competencies as part of our Quality

Assurance Programme.

Dr S. Neeliah Senior Scientific Officer of DCD presented her Research Project on Ready to eat Salads at the “Journee

Scientifiques” organized by Giraud/Reunion” in N0vember 2012 .

Both the Genetically Modified Organism Testing Laboratory (GMO) and the Pilot Plant unit are still under the purview

of Divisional Scientific Officer of DCD. The GMO Lab is being supported by one Scientific Officer and one Senior

Technical Officer on an “ah-doc” basis. The laboratory was revisited and 4 equipment were tendered in 2012. One

survey on GMO awareness was carried out, the preliminary reports submitted and one poster finalised on this

project.

The Pilot Plant Unit was headed by Mr. Li Chaoran Chinese Expert under the Chinese Agricultural Technical Assistance

(CATT) programme and supported by one Senior Technical Officer. 9 products were developed among which three

were from sweet potatoes, these products attracted the interest of the general public during the World Food Day

Exhibition in October 2012 and for which 24 SMEs had shown interest to develop at a commercial level.

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Two Officers from Rodrigues namely Messrs. Christopher Leopold and Andi Nigel and Ms. P. Jaygobind from a private

food processing were trained at FTL in different areas of food testing and quality assurance.

The National Codex Focal Point which is under the purview of DCD had distributed food standards and guidelines to

its members who are from various stakeholders .In 2012, 3 main committees and various sub -committees were

held under the NCC .One member of the National Codex Committee ( NCC) received financial support from the Codex

Trust Fund to participate in one codex meeting at international level .The meeting was on Food additive held in

China .Other miscellaneous activities as listed in the main text were attended by the staff of DCD.

Last but not least, our objectives for 2013 are to get more tests accredited and improve our technical service and

support to our valued customers in areas related to food testing and food-safety .

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1.1 Chemical analysis of milk and dairy products

Food testing within the Agricultural Services of the Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security date far back to the

twenties. The main activities were the testing of morning and evening milk samples from the Government dairy.

Parameters assessed were fat, solids non-fat and lactose. There was intensification in the testing activities with the

creation of an Agricultural Chemistry Division in 1962. As from 1967, the Division was further involved through

provision of analytical assistance in a UNDP/FAO project whose objective was to enhance milk production. In 1973, in

line with the policy to support dairy sector, the Dairy Chemistry Division was created, taking over the milk testing

activities of the Agricultural Chemistry Division. Apart from testing activities ,the Division was thereafter involved in

research, surveys and imparting analytical support to stations of the Animal Production Division. Training of

stakeholders was also an important activity of the Division.

1.1.2 History of DCD

Over the years, the Dairy Chemistry Division grew up to provide quality service and facilities to all stakeholders of the

dairy sector, including the small cow breeders. As from 1986, the Division continued to monitor the quality of milk

from the three Government stations on weekly basis (morning and afternoon milks), until the closure of the different

stations. The Division also monitored the quality of dairy products, produced and manufactured locally, by

performing chemical and microbiological analysis at the request of major local food manufacturers, importers and

micro-entrepreneurs. Technical assistance was provided to other governmental and non-governmental organisations

such as Mauritas, the Mauritius Standards Bureau, Agricultural Research and Extension Unit (AREU) and the Mauritius

Livestock Marketing Cooperative Federation, the Ministry of Environment and the Food Inspectorate of the Ministry

of Health and Quality of Life.

Years 2004 to 2007 were marked with investment in staff training, purchase of new equipment and eventually

transfer to new premises. Most of the parameters were being determined using a Fourier Transform Infra Red

Spectrophotometer, FT 120 from Foss Electric and other methods such as International Dairy Federation standard

methods, ISO standard methods and in-house laboratory methods. The cryoscope (Cryostar from Funke Gerber) was

used for the determination of adulteration of milk with water.

As from 2006, the Division moved to new premises at the Food Technology Laboratory (FTL) and staff took over new

responsibilities, in the field of microbiological testing and product development, above its normal testing of milk and

dairy products. Following the integration of the Food Hygiene Laboratory of the Veterinary Services under the Food

Technology Laboratory (FTL) complex in 2006, new facilities were offered to enlarge the scope of activities. These

units have been fully equipped with state of art equipment and the personnel have been constantly trained to meet

the growing exigencies of our agro-business sectors locally and internationally. This change in activities is reflected in

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Figure 1 which shows the number of samples tested at the respective section. Somme 116, 300 milk and dairy

products samples were tested at the Division from 1999 to 2012.

Figure 1: number of samples tested at the Dairy Chemistry Division (1999-2012) and the Microbiology

section (2006-2012)

The drop in the number of milk samples submitted to the Division also coincides with the phasing out of the Pilot Milk

Marketing Scheme and the ceasing of milk collection, pasteurisation and distribution in May 2008. Thus there was a

decrease in the number of samples of milk submitted to the laboratory. However, with the incentives provided under

the Food Security Fund Strategic Plan (2008-2011), other operators have emerged justifying why the Division has

been continuously involved in the testing of milk samples.

1.1.3 Activities 2012

During the year under review, only 311 samples of milk and dairy products were tested for tests such as Fat, Protein,

Lactose and added water contents, Phosphatase Test, Total Solids Content, etc. Compared to 2011, this represents a

considerable decrease in the number of samples.

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Determination of fat percentage in milk and dairy products by Gerber method

Figure 2: Number of samples tested per type of dairy products (Year 2012).

Figure 2 shows the different types of products chemically tested in 2012. A total of 307 samples of raw and

pasteurised milk were tested, thus representing 99% of the total number of samples. These samples were sent to the

laboratory by different stakeholders namely AREU, private dairy units, small cow keepers and other institutions

(Figure 3). Samples are usually sent by stakeholders for checking the microbiological and chemical Quality of a

product, for calibration and quality control purposes and for verification of the HACCP system in food industries. The

laboratory was also involved in the testing of milk and dairy products for research projects conducted by the AREU.

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Figure 3: Number of samples tested per type of client (Years 2011- 2012).

Figure 3 also depicts the marked decrease in the number of samples submitted by clients. Thus, compared to 2011,

there was an 86% decrease in the number of samples submitted by private companies and a 55% decrease in the

number of samples from parastatal bodies. This is partly attributed to the introduction of fees for analytical services as

from January 2012.

1.2 Microbiology Laboratory.

The Microbiology Laboratory conducts a wide range of tests for its clients to ensure

compliance to regulatory requirements and the parameters under investigation are

primarily : Total Viable Count , Coliforms, E.coli , Salmonella species , yeast and moulds,

Staphylococcus aureus , Clostridium species among others . In 2012 the Laboratory

completed 2595 tests on 1186 samples which is outlined in Table 1. The diversity of

food samples received include milk and dairy products , poultry , meat , animal feed ,

water, fruits , vegetables and other processed foods.

Raw milk still remains the predominant commodity analysed by the laboratory , 348

samples emanating from the private sectors and AREU were tested for compliance to

quality and regulatory requirements , followed by 239 samples of animal feeds which

were screened to meet export compliance .

During the year, the Technical Cadre was assessed by Dr M.Issac from the M/Health and

Quality of Life and Mr. Z. Salamut from the National Environment Laboratory to conform

to the requirements of ISO 17025.

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Table 1: Distribution pattern of samples and tests performed in 2012.

Sample Received

Number of samples received

Number of Test performed Test Report submitted

Feed and related products

239

518 23

Raw Meat and Related Products

98

382

38

Poultry and Related Products

52

Fish, Shellfish and Crustaceans

1

1

1

Canned Product

145

290 16

Water

20

95

5

Raw Milk

348

750

172

Pasteurised Milk

105

Dairy Products (paneer, feta,boiled milk…)

0

Ice Cream and Desserts

6

Fruits, Nuts, Vegetables and Related products

133

559

49

Miscellaneous (Café, Set, honey.)

26

Proficiency Testing

13

TOTAL Received

1186

2595

304

The number of samples received in 2011 and 2012 is depicted in figure 4 and comparing to last year figures , a

drastic decrease in the number of samples was noted thus representing a 68.6% drop from last year figure , the

introduction of fees for analytical services could have contributed to this shortage among others.

For example, the Division of Veterinary Services (DVS) submitted 269 samples in 2012 as compared to 1683

samples in 2011. Being given that the DVS is exempted from all analytical fees since March 2012 this factor could

hardly be considered for the drop in the number of samples .

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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Number of Samples 2011

Number of Samples 2012

Figure 4 : depicts the distribution pattern of samples performed for year 2011 and 2012 .

The distribution pattern for the types of tests per commodity is shown in figure 5 and the most frequent tests

performed at the laboratory were total viable count and coliform 30 ºC on raw milk and milk products. Isolation of

Salmonella species were carried out on the feed samples , meat and poultry products thus representing 14.4 % of

the total number of tests executed in the year .

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

feed

meat

poultry

canned products

milk product

water

miscellaneous

Figure 5 shows the number of samples analysed per category of food and pathogen-wise.

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Moreover we noted a severe cut in the number of water samples , only 20 samples were analysed, (refer to Table 1);

and in addition to the routine tests carried out on water samples the laboratory had added three methods namely the

detection of Clostridia species , Intestinal enterococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to meet the requirements of its

customers .

1.3 Accreditation and Quality Assurance

The DCD submitted its application to MAURITAS ( Accreditation Body ) in March 2012 for six microbiological

parameters with their test signatories as listed in Table 2.

Table2: List of Tests Submitted for Accreditation.

SOP reference ISO Methods Technical Signatory

SOP/M/06 Microbiology of food and animal feeding

stuffs – Horizontal method for the

enumeration of microorganisms – Colony-

count technique at 30oC

Laval Arlandoo, Koshla Ramdoyal ,Sharmila

Buldewo, Elena Nakhuda.

SOP/M/07 Microbiology of food and animal feeding

stuffs - Horizontal method for the

enumeration of coliforms – Colony- count

technique

Laval Arlandoo, Sharmila Buldewo, Elena

Nakhuda.

SOP/M/08 Microbiology of food and animal feed stuff-

Horizontal method for the enumeration of ß-

glucuronidase –positive Escherichia coli in

food and feed-Colony Count Technique at 44

oC 5-bromo-4-chloro-3- indolyl β-D

glucuronide

Koshla Ramdoyal, Sharmila Buldewo.

SOP/M/12 Microbiology of food and animal feeding

stuffs –Horizontal method for the

enumeration of coagulase – positive

staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus and

other species)

Laval Arlandoo, Koshla Ramdoyal, Elena

Nakhuda.

SOP/M/17 Water quality – Enumeration of culturable

microorganisms - Colony-count by inoculation

in a nutrient agar culture medium

Laval Arlandoo, Koshla Ramdoyal, Sharmila

Buldewo.

SOP/M/20 Water quality – Detection and enumeration of

intestinal enterococci Part2:Membrane

filtration method

Laval Arlandoo, Koshla Ramdoyal, Sharmila

Buldewo,

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An external Audit was carried out by MAURITAS in July 2012 and during which thirty two non-conformances were

raised and the corrective action were cleared in October . In December 2012 and the laboratory was awarded

accreditation for the above tests.

In addition other criteria such as training of staff , participation in Proficiency Programme, quality checks and

calibration of equipment were attended and evaluated as part of the ISO 17025, and for which the laboratory Staff

had complied fully.

1.3.1 Calibration and Maintenance of Equipment

All measuring glass-wares and major equipment such as balances, thermometers and incubators were calibrated by

the Legal Metrology Division and Mauritius Standard Bureau respectively .All equipment in the section were serviced at

least once a year by external Suppliers of renown experience.

1.3.3 Proficiency Programme

As part of the accreditation, the laboratory is required to participate in Proficiency Testing programme. In 2012 the staff

attended to two PT programmes for food and one for water analysis with LIVMEDELS of Sweden. In addition, the staffs

were assessed throughout the year using reference materials purchased from the same source .The summary of findings

and results are shown below in Table 3:

Table 3: Proficiency Programme for food and water.

PT Programme Organisms Analyst % Achievement

Food April Aerobic Count 30°C, Enterobacteriaceae,

Escherichia coli, Coagulase positive Staphylococci,

Clostridium perfringens, yeast and moulds

Mrs. Nakhuda , Mrs

Reetoo, Mr.

B.Ponnusawmy

100

Food October Aerobic Count 30°C, Enterobacteriaceae,

Escherichia coli, Cogulase positive Staphylococci,

Presumptive Bacillus cereus Coliform Count 30°C

Mrs. Buldewo ,

Reetoo and Luttoo

83

Water September Coliform bacteria (MF) cfu/100ml,

Escherichia.coli(MF)cfu/100ml,IntestinalEnterococci

(MF) cfu/100ml, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MF)

cfu/100ml, Colony count at 22°C and 36 °C

Mrs. Buldewo ,

Reetoo and Luttoo

61

On the whole , the laboratory is satisfied with the following parameters :Aerobic Count 30°C, Enterobacteriaceae,

Coliform Count 30°C, Escherichia coli, Coagulase Positive Staphylococci ,Presumptive Bacillus cereus, Clostridium

perfringens, yeast and Moulds in food analysis , Coliform bacteria (MF) cfu/100ml, Escherichia coli (MF) cfu/100ml,

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Intestinal Enterococci (MF) cfu/100ml, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MF) cfu/100ml, Escherichia coli (MF) cfu/100ml,

Colony count at 22°C, Colony count at 36°C for water testing .

1.3.4 Measurement Uncertainty (MU)

The laboratory procedure was based on the instructions for use of the reference materials, particularly Food 2010:12

and DW 2011:A. The following results were obtained as detailed below in Tables 4 and 5

Table 4: Summary of MU for microbiological parameters for food and feed examination

S.N Parameter MU value

CFU/g

1 Total Plate Count, 30 0C 1.0

2 Coliform Count, 30 0C 3.0

3 Coliform Count, 37 0C 2.0

4 Escherichia coli 1.0

5 Staphylococcus aureus 2.0

Table 5: Summary of MU for microbiological parameters for water quality examination

S.N Parameter MU value (CFU/ml )

1 Culturable microorganism 360C 1.0

2 Culturable microorganism 220C 2.0

3 Intestinal enterococci 1.0

1.3.5 Monitoring and Evaluation of Staff Competence

Technical Staffs were assessed continuously throughout the year using Reference Materials for food and water. Data

obtained were statistically analysed and Z scores for each analyst per specific microorganism were calculated. The

technical reports were prepared Dr S. Neeliah, Senior Scientific Officer .Officers failing to meet the required Z scores

of ± 2 and a Coefficient of variations exceeding 5% are being recommended for a reevaluation and summary of

activities is presented in Tables 6 and 7 below :

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Table 6: Assessment of staff based on analysis of internal samples (2012)

Matrix Water (March 2012 ) Feed (March 2012)

Officers

involved

B. Reetoo, Y.Luttoo, K.Ramdoyal, S.Buldewo,

B.Ponnusawmy, E.Nakhuda

Parameters Total plate count (22 and

36°C), Coliform count, E.coli,

Intestinal enterococci

Coliform count (30 °C)

Statistical

Tests

CV and within lab z score

calculated

Z score from operator to

operator variation

General

comments

CV not good for B.Reetoo

(total plate count, both

temperatures) and Y.Luttoo

(total plate count 36 °C)1;

three within lab scores above

2.

All good

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Table 7: Activities pertaining to assuring the quality of test results/staff competence

*statistical data not yet completed .

Matrix Food (March

2012)

Water

(Reference

material -April

2012)

Food (May 2012) Water

(Reference

material)

May 2012

Reference

material

Food 2011:

7

(September

2012)

Reference

material

water Dw

2011: A

(October

2012)

Reference

material Food

2010: 12

(November

2012)

Officers LArlandoo,

BReetoo,

KRamdoyal,

SBuldewo,

ENakhuda

KRamdoyal,

BPonnusawmy

, BReetoo,

YLuttoo

LArlandoo,

BReetoo,

KRamdoyal,

SBuldewo,

ENakhuda,

B.Ponnusawmy

LArlandoo,

BReetoo

KRamdoyal,

SBuldewo

ENakhuda

B.Reetoo,

KRamdoyal,

E.Nakhuda,

S.Buldewo,

Y.Luttoo,

L.Arlandoo,

K.Ramdoyal,

B.Reetoo,

S.Buldewo,

Y.Luttoo

S.Buldewo,

B.Reetoo,

K.Ramdoyal,

L.Arlandoo

Parameters Total plate

count, Coliform

count (30°C),

E.coli, S.aureus

Total plate

count (22 and

36°C),

Intestinal

enterococci

Total plate count,

Coliform count

(30 and 37°C), ß

Glucuronidase

E.coli, S.aureus

Total plate

count (22

and 36°C),

Intestinal

enterococci

Yeast and

Mould

E.coli,

coliform ,

spores of

sulphite

reducing

anaerobes

E.coli,

C.perfringens,

coagulase

positive

staphylococci,

yeast and

moulds

Statistical

Tests

Mean log values

of results, and z

scores from

operator to

operator

variation were

computed

Z score from

operator to

operator

variation

Means

computed

Mean log values

were calculated

to determine if

staff was within

the limits

prescribed by the

certificate.

Mean log

values of

results, and

z scores

from

operator to

operator

variation

were

computed

* * *

General

comments

All mean values

good except

mean value for

S.aureus for all

officers outside

limits; All z

scores good

except that of

LArlandoo for

E.coli above 2;

Z score for

BReetoo for

total plate

countabove 2.

All mean

values good

All z scores

found to be

satisfactory

All good All good * * *

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1.3.6 Monitoring and Quality Checks

During the year under review, quality control checks were done on a daily basis or as when required to verify the system

and ascertain that the tests are carried out under the prescribed conditions as stipulated in the standard operating

procedures of the Quality Manual, such activities are listed in Table 8.

Table 8: Monitoring Activities for 2012

SN

Activities No of

interventions

1 Monitoring of environment-plate exposure on plate count agar 84

2 Monitoring effectiveness of decontamination of incubators 96

3 Monitoring of effectiveness of decontamination at different

areas in lab -Swabbing

156

4 Monitoring of water (feeding water and deionized water)

pH, electrical Conductivity, microbiological load.

36

5 Quality check for Sterility on disposable items ( plates, loops ,

filtration membrane, micro pipettes tips, pipettes)

21

6 Monitoring of room temperature (temperature and relative

humidity)

768

7 Monitoring of incubators set at different temperatures: 22°C,

25°C,30°C,35°C , 36°C, 37°C,41.5°C, 44°C, 55°C

1800

8 Monitoring of refrigerators (bio reagents, bio-culture

,inoculated plates dairy products, water and ice, chilled

products, sterile media)

240 readings for

each refrigerators

9 Monitoring of freezers (bio reagents, bio culture, dairy, water

and ice, chilled, meat products and fish products)

240 readings for

each freezers

10 Monitoring of autoclave by chemical indicators

169

11 Monitoring of autoclave by biological indicators 19

12 Monitoring of autoclave by data logger 84

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1.4 Maintenance of Laboratory.

The maintenance of FTL is supervised by the Agricultural Superintendent assisted by one Technical Assistant , their

main tasks are: to maintain all facilities including the IT component , oversee the security of the building and attend to

Health and Safety issues of the laboratory.

In 2012 several major works were completed and 9 tenders were drafted and approved with the assistance of the

Main Stores, Electrical Services Division ( ESD ) and the Engineering Division .The Support Service Unit (SSU) had also

executed several maintenance works at FTL including the repair of doors, water-piping and cleaning of roof on regular

basis .Tables 9 and 10 indicate the works carried out during the year under review whereby some tenders were

extended to 2013 .

Table 9: Repairs carried out in 2012.

Sn Maintenance of Equipment

Service Provider Validity Number of interventions

1 Air conditioning Ventilation

Climenergie Process Ltee

October to 2011 Sept. 2012

73

2 Fire Alarm System Syspro Engineering

April 2012 to March 2013

57

3 Lift Sigma Robert Lemaire

July 2012 to June 2013

4

4 Incinerator Steam House Ltd

July 2012 to June 2013

4

5 Generator Syspro Engineering Sept. 2012 to Aug 2013

11

6 Pest Control Mr. Pest Ltd

April 2012 to March 2013

18

7 Waste Removal D. Seeven April 2012 to March 2013

28

8 Extension of LPG Line

Les Gas Industriels

May 2012 1

9 Construction of Metallic door

J. Anauth Construction

March 2012 1

10 Laundry Thyville Yearly Monthly basis

11 Maintenance and Repair of Lab Equipment and computers

Ongoing 10

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Table 10: Works initiated as at November 2012.

Sn Equipment Remarks

1 Waterproofing Partial patching work to limit water filtration Tender at Main Store

2 Purchase of FM200 Gas Cylinder Previous tender failed

New Bid warranted

3 Installations of Shutters Awaiting specifications from Eng. Div.

4 Maintenance of existing UPS Awaiting specifications from ESD

5 Maintenance of Gas Suppression System

Awaiting specifications from Eng. Div.

6 Construction of Pigeon proof structure

Awaiting SSU to start work

1.5 Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) Laboratory

The Bio-molecular/ GMO detection facility at the FTL was attended by two technical staff on ”as required basis” given

that priorities had to be given to the accreditation process followed by daily activities of the Dairy Chemistry Division.

The lack of an organized structure with full time staff coupled with the absence of appropriate policy for the unit had

hindered the overall activities of the laboratory so much so that only the following were taken care of: writing

specifications for the purchase of 4 additional equipment which were tendered at the end of the year .

1.5.1 Project and Survey

The Scientific Officer Mrs. Buldewo assisted by Ms. Gooria Senior Technical Officer attended to a survey regarding

consumer awareness on GMOs on the local market .One questionnaire consisting of 32 questions was prepared and

395 questionnaires were completed targeting a population between 16-20 years old, the details were presented in

one poster at annex II.

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1.6 Pilot Plant Unit

Pilot Plant Unit or Food Processing Unit is operated by Mr. Li Chaoran, Chinese

Agricultural Technical Team (CATT), one Senior Technical Officer and one laboratory

Attendant .The activities are mainly based on preservation of fruits and vegetables,

sensory evaluation of the developed products and shelf life monitoring. The list of

products developed in 2012 is depicted below:

1.6.1 Sensory evaluation of the product developed.

Six sensory evaluation exercises were carried out on products developed by the unit and various parameters such as

texture, taste, colour, odour, appearance and overall acceptability were considered for the evaluation exercise. Figure 6

shows the overall acceptability of developed products at the unit.

a) Water melon in syrup

b) Watermelon with lotus seed jelly

c) Processing of water melon skin preserves.

d) Processing of sweet potato- crispy sweet potato pieces

e) Processing of sweet potato- preserved sweet potato pieces.

f) Processing of sweet potato- sweet potato cake

1 a) Water melon in syrup

2 b) Watermelon with lotus seed jelly

3 c) Water melon skin preserved.

4 d) Mango preserved.

5 e) Crispy sweet potato pieces

6 f) Sweet potato preserved

7 g) Sweet potato cake

8 h) Flavoured Ground nut Tofu

9 i) Fish balls (out of plan)

Page 18 of 27

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

sweet potatochip

sweet potatopreserved

sweet potatocake

water melon insyrup

watermelon/lotus

seed

water melonpreserved

Figure 6 shows the Overall Acceptability Pattern of Products

The exercise revealed that sweet potato products were mostly appreciated by the panelists than the watermelon

products as the sugar content was less and the products were more appetizing and appealing in texture.

Pamphlets on sweet potato products were designed by the laboratory personnel and were distributed to the public for

the World Food Day exhibition. Further to the request and interest on the sweet potato products preservation during

the World Food Day Celebration 2012, the Division is proposing to run a training session for some 44 identified parties

on sweet potato preservation.

1.6.2 Dissemination of Technology and Visits.

a) Mrs. Yasmin Mohomadally was trained on sweet potato preservation in June 2012. She had successfully

completed the training and was satisfied with the technique imparted to her.

b) Post World Food Day celebrations 2012, several queries were addressed

c) Deputy Chief Commissioner of Rodrigues Regional Assembly visited the laboratory in June 2012.

d) Various stakeholders visited the unit and were apprised of the activities.

Overall acceptability of the product

Page 19 of 27

1.7 Research Project: Isolation and Detection of E.coli in Ready to eat food, Dr S.Neeliah and Mr L.

Arlandoo.

Ready to eat (RTE) foods can be described as the status of foods being ready for immediate consumption at the point of

sale. RTE foods can be raw or cooked, and can be consumed without further heating. Escherichia coli are normal flora in

human and animals; its presence in foods indicates excessive human handling and unhygienic conditions. E. coli strains

have been isolated from foods implicated in illnesses. The present study is being conducted to assess the bacteriological

quality of RTE salads purchased from various retail outlets in Mauritius, with focus on the prevalence and bacterial load

of E. coli as an indicator organism, using conventional ISO methods. Isolation of E. coli in 10 out of 40 samples of RTE

foods is a reflection of the sanitary quality of the processing of the produce and calls for concern. Adequate training of

food vendors to maintain high standard of personal and environmental hygiene, proper washing of salads before

consumption, mandatory controls, regular washing of hands and effective application of hazard analysis critical control

point (HACCP) will help control contamination of products. The project is on-going and preliminary findings have been

presented at the” Journees Scientifiques” organised by CIRAD, Reunion.

1.8 New Methods and Validations

The Microbiology laboratory has implemented five new methods of analysis for future activities and which shall be

accredited in 2013 and these were:

a) Isolation of Bacillus cereus in food

b) Isolation of Yeast and Moulds, new version.

c) Enterobacteriaceae detection

d) Listeria monocytogenes.

e) Clostridia species in water.

1.9 Training and Workshop

Training is a continuous process that addresses the constant turnover of

laboratory personnel, improves skill levels and helps implement new testing

methods. Additionally, training is an important tool to establish and

maintain the requirement of accreditation. The staff of DCD are

continuously trained and assessed to demonstrate their competencies and

skills. A rigid in house training programme was prepared and completed in

the year 2012. We also benefitted training from external sources as listed in

the Tables 11 and 12 below and most of the staff responded favourably to the sessions and were able to grasp all major

techniques in food testing and procedures of accreditation.

Page 20 of 27

Table 11: Training sessions conducted in 2012 (in-house)

SN Title Presenter Date

1 Performing in laboratory

(accreditation)

B.Ponnusawmy (LAs only) 10.01.12

2 Discipline and laboratory house-

keeping

B.Ponnusawmy (LAs only) 17.01.12

3 Detection of E.coli 0157:H7;0104 L.Arlandoo 10.02.12

4 Chemical management K.Ramdoyal/S.B.Issany 10.02.12

5 First aid B.Reetoo/

J.Mooradkhan/S.Jowaheer/Miss

Cathan

14 and 17.02.12

6 Basics of microscopy and maintenance

of microscope

S.B.Issany 17.02.12

7 Sample reception demonstration P.Cathan 21.02.12

8 Quality control S.B.Issany 21.02.12

9 Isolating techniques and gram staining L.Arlandoo 22.02.12

10 Bio control of media K.Ramdoyal 23.02.12

11 Using microscope and pH meter S.B.Issany 24.02.12

12 Preparation of inocula for bioculture

Performing sterility check of culture

B.Ponnusawmy 27.02.12

13 Operating autoclaves B.Reetoo 02.03.12

14 Spread plate and pour plate S.Buldewo 02.03.12

15 Use of filtration unit Y.Luttoo 05.03.12

16 Use of anaerobic incubator L.Arlandoo 06.03.12

17 Use of fume cupboard/biosafety

cabinet

R.Reetoo/E.Nakhuda 07.03.12

18 Use of automatic burner in biosafety

cabinet

B.Ponnusawmy 08.03.12

19 Calculation and reporting of results S.Buldewo 09.03.12

20 Maintenance of microscope S.B.Issany 16.03.12

21 Temperature monitoring S.B.Issany and J.Mooradkhan

22 Refresher course in microbiology B.R.Kureemun 25.04.12

23 Technical manual B.R.Kureemun 04.05.12

24 Microbiology/ biochemistry B.R.Kureemun 14.05.12

25 Use of equipment V.Balgobin (supplier) 16.05.12

26 Evaluation of training programme S.A.Neeliah 29.05.12

27 ISO 7218 S.Buldewo 30.05.12

28 Water microbiology and ISO 8199 S.A.Neeliah 08.06.12

29 Meat sampling and homogenisation L.Arlandoo 19.06.12

30 Quality assurance of test results S.A.Neeliah 29.06.12

31 Standard Operating Procedures L..Arlandoo, K.Randoyal.

b.Ponnusawmy, B.Reetoo,

Y.Luttoo, E.Nakhuda

29.06.12 and 05.07.12

Page 21 of 27

32 Quality Assurance in the laboratory S.B.Issany 29.06.12

33 Reporting of test results S.Buldewo 05.07.12

34 Testo data logger J.Mooradkhan 08.09.12

35 Demonstration on use of balance and

assessment of staff competence

S.Buldewo 06.09.12

36 Demonstration on use of fume

cupboard and water deioniser

B.Reetoo 06.09.12

37 Demonstration on use of infra-red

thermometer

P.Cathan 06.09.12

38 Correction of non-conformance- use

of positive and negative controls,

blanks and plate labelling of plates

L.Arlandoo 27.08.12

Table12: Training sessions conducted in 2012 (External)

SN Title Name of trainee Date

1 Understanding, documenting and

implementing a laboratory

management system

S.B.Issany 17-19 January 2012

2 Total Quality Management-

procurement and supply cadre

N.Edoo 26-27 March 2012

3 Supervisory skills R.Gopaul

10 and 11 May 2012

4 Quality assurance of laboratory results

and statistical analysis of data

S.Buldewo,K.Ramdoyal,L.Arlandoo 22-24 May 2012

5 First Aid C.Evariste

21.08-18.09.12

6 Risk Assessment C.Gooria, S.B.Issany

05.09.12

7 Stress management B.R.Kureemun

18-19.09.12

8 Commissioning of anemometer by

Unilab agent

Lab staff 26.09.12

9 Stress management C.Evariste 08-09.10.12

10 Quality assuranace of Test, Statistical

Analysis

B.R Kureemun , S.Neeliah November 2012

Page 22 of 27

1.10 Technical Assistance to Stakeholders

The Division continuously provides technical assistance to other stakeholders namely through active participation in

meetings and committees such as the Food Products Standards Committee and the Conformity Assessment Standards

Committee at the Mauritius Standards Bureau. Officers also conducted site visits on the premises of dairy plants and

made recommendations for the improvement of the facilities.

1.11 World Food Day 2012

As usual the Division actively participated in the World Food Day Exhibition of 2012 at SSR botanical garden in October

2012 .Four posters depicting the activities of the Division were displayed , 20 products developed at the Pilot Plant

unit were exhibited as shown in Table 13 and 800 pamphlets on sweet potato preserved and sweet potato cake were

distributed to the public on the occasion .A degustation activity on sweet potato products was initiated by the unit

and we have had a good response from the public

Table13: The list of products displayed on the World Food Day 2012.

Sn Product formulations

1 Jellied bean curd

2 Soyabean curd

3 Carrots in brine

4 White raddish in vinegar

5 White raddish in sugar

6 Waxgourd preserve

7 Waxgourd in syrup

9 Papaya preserve

10 Pineapple jelly

11 Pineapple candied fruits

12 Water melon in syrup

13 Watermelon with lotus seed jelly

14 Water melon skin preserve

15 Mango preserves

16 Crispy sweet potato pieces

17 Sweet potato preserve

18 Sweet potato cake

19 Ground nut with aroma

20 Peanut tofu

Page 23 of 27

1.11 Other Miscellaneous Activities is presented in Table 14

Sn Activities Duties performed

1 Administrative Preparation of Annual Report 2012

Filing of PMS, revision of duties and job

description for all staff ,

Preparation of programme of work, preparation

of indent for 2013.

Making provision for training ,

Evaluation of supplies ,

Budget preparation ,

Attending to regular management meetings with

the PS ,CAO and PAO and PAS

2 Equipment Maintenance and

Calibration

Monitor repairs and calibration of FT 120 (fat,

lactose, acidity, density by Foss Engineer. (13-14

March 2012).

Repairs and maintenance of equipment at the

Dairy Chemistry Division and Microbiology

section.

3 Report submitted 307 test reports for microbiology section issued.

4. Meetings and workshops Staff of DCD attended several meetings with

Quality Leaders in connection with accreditation

project.

Internal Meetings on activities of DCD

With MRC on Impact of Food Quality (Feb 2012).

Meeting with Junior Staff on Health and Safety

Issues (9 Feb 2012).

Meeting with PS for preparation of a national

workshop for EDES project on Pine-apple and

Poultry. (17 Feb 2012).

FAO representative

Meeting with Associate Professor Goburdun on

FAO project (April 2012)

Meeting with Francette Gaspard Pierre Louis

Deputy Chief Commissioner of Rodrigues.

Page 24 of 27

Meeting with Dr Sibartie FAO Consultant on Food

Control System (20 April 2012).

Meeting with CAO on accreditation of Lab, (24

April 2012).

Meeting with PAO (FTL) on accreditation of lab

(03 May 2012).

Meeting with Dr Ramjee on FAO project (04 May

2012).

Meeting with EU Consultant on SFP projects (16

May 2012).

2nd

Meeting with MRC on (12 June 2012) on Food

Impact assessment.

Internal Audit assessment with Mauritas (09-11

July 2012).

Meeting with EDES representative at Balaclava

(16-17 July 2012).

Meeting with EDES preventative with Staff of

DCD (18 July 2012)

National workshop- EDES on the setting up of a

control system for export of honey and poultry

products to the EU

FAO workshop on food control system at

Domaine de Paille (10 Sept 2012).

Journees Scientifiques CIRAD- 14 and 15th

November 2012 where two presentations were

made.

Meeting on E-Agriculture plan

Meeting with officers of the National Audit

Office regarding training at Civil Service.

Meeting with SADC representatives on SPS

issues(31 Oct 2012).

Meeting with UoM, Advisory Committee for B

Sc Hons course (15 Nov 2012).

Attend EDES working groups on poultry (16

Nov 2012) and (11 Dec 2012).

Meeting of the MSB meat sub-committee:

review of poultry standard.

Page 25 of 27

5 Participation in the drafting of

national standards

Preparation of Mauritian standard on Raw and processed

chicken MS 65, 5 March 2012.

MSB sub-committee on food irradiation attended by Dr

Neeliah.

6. Research Finalisation of two research papers and

preparation of two powerpoint presentations for

QUALIREG by Dr S.Neeliah.

Analysis of 45 ready to eat salads for detection of

E.coli by Dr S.Neeliah and Mr.L. Arlandoo

Preparation of one poster on Measurement

Uncertainty for

Microbiology Lab by S.Buldewo ( Mrs.) attached

as annexure I.

Preparation of one poster for survey on GMO

Awareness, annexure II

7 Codex Secretarial work for the National Codex

Committee

Circulating relevant documents on Codex

Secretariat’s email

Make arrangements for conducting of meetings of

the National Codex Committee, 3 meeting chaired

in 2012.

Attend to members’ queries

Comment on SPS notifications to WTO

Forward documents pertinent to application as

IBAR regional expert

Submit comments on national food control

system

Submit comments on proposed draft revision of

the principles for the establishment and

application of microbiological criteria for foods

Review of codex documents CX/AF 13/7/5 for

comments (proposed draft guidance for use by

governments in prioritising their national feed

hazards); CX/FH12/44/8 proposed draft revision

of the code of hygienic practice for spices and

Page 26 of 27

dried aromatic plants

Preparation of a summary of activities of Codex

Secretariat/NCC.

Submit application to Codex Trust Fund for

assistance

8 Liaison with clients/service

providers

And request for information

Request for information from entrepreneurs- la

mousse and AREU (lactose testing)

Liaise with CIRAD regarding calibration/training in

microbiology/laboratory visit

Meeting with Foss Electric Engineer and Ducray

Lenoir Servicing team

Request for information from client involved in

preparation of jellies

Request for information from MSB on interlab/

method used for enumeration of faecal coliform

Request for information on swab /environmental

testing/ testing of pet foods.

9 Visits Mr. Z. Salamut from NEL for assessment of

Technical for water analysis 09 May 2012 .

Dr M.Ismet from Avipro Col ltd 01 June 2012

request for assistance on isolation of

Campylobacter species

Dr M.Issac from M/Health and Quality of life

acted as external Assessor for the Microbiology

Test.

Visit of laboratory of Mr. Isais Berhe from Ducray

Lenoir.

Visit of laboratory by university students.

Paul Vincent Nichols, EU Consultant.

Gilles Hosch EU Technical Advisor.

Page 27 of 27

1.13 Movement of staff is shown in Table 15.

PAO Dr Naseeven retired from service in April 2012 and was

replaced by Mrs N. Leckraz

Agricultural

Superintendent

Mr C.Evariste was posted to FTL in March 2012

Quality Manager Mr R.Gopaul went abroad on a 3 year scholarship

programme to India and was replaced by Miss S.B.Issany as

from 01.08.2012

Senior Technical Officer Mr B.Ponnusawmy transferred to the Food Security Unit at

the Head Office in August 2012.

Technical Assistant Mr Z. Mooraby was appointed Technical Officer in the M/of

Trade and Commerce.

TA Mrs J. Mooradkhan was awarded an MSc course in Food

Science and Technology by the Australian Government.

Mr V.Durshan seconded to duty in Oct 2012, ex- employee

from Farmers Service Centre.

Junior Staff Two LAs and one store Attendant were transferred to other

Divisions of Agricultural Services.

Reposting of Mrs Seetaram Telephone Receptionist in Nov

2012 from Head Office and

Mrs N. Noorah transferred to Head Office , Reduit

1.14 Acknowledgement

PAO (FTL) Mrs. N. Leckraz and Staff of Dairy Chemistry Division.