Anguilla

British Overseas Territory

Population: 13,477 (2006 est.)

102 square km

26 km x 5 km

The Purpose of Warning•The goal of public

warning is to reduce the damage and loss of life caused by a natural or human caused hazard event.

•Period!

Components of Warning

Not all Notifications are Warnings!!!Not all Notifications are Warnings!!! There are three types of emergency There are three types of emergency communiqués:communiqués:

Alert – gets their attention (sirens Radio Interrupt etc.Alert – gets their attention (sirens Radio Interrupt etc.Warning – Tells What is wrong, Where and What to doWarning – Tells What is wrong, Where and What to doNotification – Information and ongoing updatesNotification – Information and ongoing updates

Why do we need ANWS Systems?

•Because we are all at risk from natural and human caused hazards everyday

• Call-In First Responders and Emergency Call-In First Responders and Emergency ManagersManagers

• Provide early warning if possibleProvide early warning if possible• Provide on going public information and Provide on going public information and

direction for recoverydirection for recovery• Add a feeling of security (Mitigate Panic!)Add a feeling of security (Mitigate Panic!)• Show accountability to the needs of residents Show accountability to the needs of residents

and visitors by acknowledging riskand visitors by acknowledging risk

Hurricane Luis 1995Before and After

Source: UNESCO CSI

Flooding - Hurricane Lenny

Source: Enrick Harrigan

Responsibilities of ANWS Systems

• If you Have IT, you MUST use it!!!

• You have publicly accepted that the population is at risk

• You must accept it is NEVER perfect

•Why neighbor and not me – U don’t care!

•You woke me up – take me out – I don’t care!

•System failures – redundancy is key!

•Requires Policy and Protocols for Use

•Requestors

•Authorisers

•Activators

• Thresholds of risk and associated alert levels

•Requires consideration for at risk and multi languages

•Requires Multi-Point and Multi-Media

•Requires Weekly and Monthly Testing

•Requires Buy-In from all sectors and the public

•Needs to be integrated in day to day life

Requirements of ANWS Systems

POLICY FOR USE OF THE DISASTER ANGUILLA NATIONAL WARNING SYSTEM (ANWS)

POLICY. The purpose of this policy is to establish authority for system administration, control, access, maintenance and use of Disaster Alert, Notification and Warning Systems, hereafter referred to as ANWS.The ANWS should be used to alert households and businesses of imminent or active threats to people and property in their area. In order to earn and preserve the public’s trust, confidence and support, the ANWS will only be intrusively used in emergency incidents that may affect public safety. Only those with proper training and authority to use the system will activate the ANWS.DEFINITIONS. A. ACTIVATOR. Pre-Approved personnel, per this document trained to activate the NWS. Activation will be on behalf of an approved REQUESTOR. B. Active Incident. An active incident is one currently impacting the lives, the property or the safety of the public. C. At Risk. Any person(s) or area of a community whose safety could be directly endangered by an emergency situation or incident. D. AUTHORIZER. Pre-Approved personnel, per this document, identified to give permission for an ACTIVATOR to activate the NWS on behalf of a REQUESTOR. For a list of AUTHORIZERS refer to Procedure 1 Section C or Procedure 2 Section

So What Is This CAP & Why?• <sender>PushButton_1_CapOriginator1@HICAP.com</sender> Hormann America, Inc.

• AlertNET Model 3320 CAP-to-WARNING/ALERT Converter/Encoder 27

• <sent>2007-06-13T17:24:33-07:00</sent>

• <status>Test</status>

• <msgType>Alert</msgType>

• <category>Safety</category>

• <event>Weekly Test</event>

• <urgency>Immediate</urgency>

• <severity>Unknown</severity>

• <certainty>Observed</certainty>

• <expires>2007-06-13T18:54:33-07:00</expires>

• <senderName>CapOriginator1</senderName>

• <headline>This is a weekly test</headline>

• <description> This is a weekly test only</description>

• <instruction> plWARNING/ALERTe disregard </instruction>

• <contact>In case of emergency, listen to Radio and TV for further instructions</contact>

• <areaDesc>ANGUILLA ZONE 1</areaDesc>

• <geocode> Geographic coordinates for polygon of area affected’ lat long

Effective PublicWarnings

and the Common Alerting Protocol

(CAP)

Standards for Public Warning – Mexico City, 2006

Save lives

Reduce losses

Alleviate fear

The measure of a warning is the change in action and attitude that results.

Goals of Public Warning

Reach everyone at risk, wherever, whenever, doing whatever

Don’t raise irrelevant alarms

Easy to use

Reliable and secure

Deliver effective warning messages

Effective Warning Systems

Accurate and specific

Action oriented

Understandable in terms of:

Languages and special needs

Prior knowledge and experience

Timeframe and instructions

Effective Warning Messages

Most people will not act on the first warning message they receive

Instead, they become vigilant and search for corroboration

Only when persuaded it’s not a false alarm will people transform information into action

Corroboration

2000 - “Effective Disaster Warnings” study published

2001 - CAP Working Group and Partnership for Public Warning form;

2002 - CAP draft specification and prototype field trials

2003/4 - OASIS Emergency Management Technical Committee CAP 1.0 adopted, international implementations begin

CAP Timeline

Multiple systems

Multiple purposes

Multiple operators

Historically...

Single originator must activate each system individually

Today’s reality...

One activation triggers multiple systems

Consistent, complete messages

Inputs from varied technologies – EMS Systems, Gauges, Posting Tools

Using CAP...

Basic information about this message:

Date/Time

Sender

Message Type & Status

Distribution Scope

The Alert Block

Specifics of an event or a threat:

Category and description

Urgency / Severity / Certainty

Timeframes

Recommended action

Supplemental information

The Info Block

Traditional one-dimensional model of “priority” is expanded into a “3D” model that expresses:

Urgency (time)

Severity (impact)

Certainty (probability)

Urgency

Severi

ty

Threat or

Event

x

x

x

Certainty

Certainty

The U/S/C Model

In the U/S/C model

Urgency

Immediate

Responsive action should be taken immediately

Expected Action within next hour

Future Action in near future (typically 6-24 hours)

Past Past, no preparatory action required

Unknown Not known

Describes the time available to prepare:

In the U/S/C model

Severity

Extreme Extraordinary or large-scale threat to life and property

Severe Significant threat to life and property

Moderate Potential threat to life and property

Minor Limited threat to live and property

Unknown Not known

Describes the intensity of impact (if it occurs):

In the U/S/C model

Certainty

Observed Definitely occurred or occurring

Likely Likely, although not certain (p>50%)

Possible Possible but not likely (p<50%)

Unlikely Not expected to occur (p<5%)

Unknown Not known

Describes the issuer’s confidence that the event will occur or has occurred:

The Area Block

Geospatial description may be based on administrative, predicted or observed scope of effects

More precise targeting means fewer irrelevant warnings (“cry wolf”)

CAP Implementation in Anguilla

Phase One included piloting then installing RDS FM Radio receivers and defining the larger system plan.

Phase Two involved installing and integrating the Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) network backbone, a web based activation interface, Radio Broadcast interruption, text to voice broadcast, and computer popups, email etc. for Government Internal.

Phase Three will include a public alert registration server that will address non English speaking populations and allow the public to register for all island alert and zoned (targeted) alerts.

Level Description

Actual 0no threat (news, it, tourism, info,

etc)

Actual 1local contained, not expected to

grow, info, reporting

Actual 2A risk to people who are special

needs

Actual 3 Risk to life and health

Levels of Alert

Levels and Expected Actions

Hazmat Actual 3 No yes level 3 behaviour

7 yes ALL GROUPS

Hurricane Actual 3 No yes level 3 behaviour

7 yes ALL GROUPS

TSUNAMI Actual 3 yes yes level 3 behaviour

7 yes ALL GROUPS

Missing Person - police

Actual 3 No yes level 3 behaviour

7 yes ALL GROUPS

ANWS Interface to CapCon

BamBox Pop Up

Department of Disaster ManagementDepartment of Disaster Management

Anguilla has entered the 24 hour cone for Hurricane SamAnguilla has entered the 24 hour cone for Hurricane Sam

HURRICANE WARNINGHURRICANE WARNING

Anguilla is being affected by tropical storm force winds.

Please go to the nearest shelter, quickly and bring your shelter kit.

Do not bring alcohol or pets.

Anguilla is being affected by tropical storm force winds.

Please go to the nearest shelter, quickly and bring your shelter kit.

Do not bring alcohol or pets.

FM Interrupt

•Breaks into primary radio broadcast station

•Flashes strobe for 10 seconds (DDM defined)

•Broadcasts the emergency message live, text to speech or as a wav file.

•Existing broadcast infrastructure

•Easy to re establish following a hurricane

•Can be mobile based enhancing redundancy and recovery

Other CAP Applications

Phase 3 Programme Goals

•Complete Legislative Requirements

•Support the UNESCO & CDERA Tsunami Warning Initiatives

•Interface with PDC/UWI auto-notification via CAP

•Continue to evaluate and add CAP Client applications

•Offer best practices to partner countries

•Extend CAP Network through UKOT’s and other partner countries

Stakeholders

Country Stakeholders in all of these activities proposed to include:

•UKOT’s of Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Montserrat, Turks and Cacaos

•NAOT’s of Bonaire, Curacao, St Maarten, Saba, St Eustatia

Regional CAP Network

Redundant Activation Capability

System went Live in Feb 2008Phase 3 begins February 2009(pending funding)

Feel Free to contact us about the CAP Network Concept

Thank you!Government of Anguilla