VERMONT DEPOSIT LAW AND RECYCLING PRESENTED AT VT. S O L I D WASTE SUMMIT - NOVEMBER 8 , 1985

BY ASDRE J. ROULEAU, ADMINISTRATOR O F VT. BEVERAGE CONTAINER L A W

PRE-DEPOSIT LAW HISTORY - BEFOFtE 1972 TI333 DEPOSIT-RZDEXPTION SYSTEM FOR SODA AND BEBR CONTAINERS

HAS MANY NAMES. IT IS CALLED A BOTTLE BILL, FORCED DEPOSIT, MAN-

DATORY DEPOSIT, U T T E R CONTROL AND HAS MANY SIHILAR TITLES. IT.

IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THE EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS 3ECAUSE THE

VARIOUS NAMES GIVEN TO TXE DEPOSIT SYSTEMS REFLECT THE Cf2CUM-

STANCES AND KEY FEATURES OF TXE PROGRAM,

IN THE 'OLD DAYS8' 1.33. BEFORE 19508 MOST BEVERAGES WERE

PACKAGED I N GLASS CON!l?AINERS, RETURNABLE BOTTLES WERE TYPICALLY

USED FOR BEER AND SODA PRQDUCTS. THE WORD RETURNABLE AT THAT

TIME24EANT AGLASS BOTTLE F J H I C H W A S RETUXNED A N D R E F I L L E D I N

PRACTICE. THERE WAS A DEPOSIT O F 2 CENTS FOR THE CONTAINER WHICH

W A S RETURNED To THE CUSTOMER WHEN THE CONTAINER WAS RETURNED.

THIS WAS CONSIDERED A VOMMTARY DEPOSIT SYSTEM BECAUSE IT WAS NOT

REQUIRED BY LAW. t :

THERE WERE COMPETING BEVERAGE CONTAINERS AVAILABLE I N THE

MARICET PLACE AFTER WORLD WAR 13: WHICH WERE HAVING A SIGNIFICANT

IMPACT I N TI-IE: BEVERAGE INDUSTRY. NOTABU AMONG THE N3W CON-

TAINERS WERE CANS AND TIE N/R BOTTLE OR N O N - R E m Y m L E GWSS

BOTTLE, WHICH ARE ALSO CALLED ONE-WAY GLASS CONTAINERS OR SINGLE

T R I P GLASS CONTAIHERS. TIHE EFFECT OF USING THESE CONTAIN3RS IS

,

-2 =

THAT THEY ARE DISCARDED AS LITTER OR RUBBISH INSTEAIS OF BEING

REUSED. THERE W A S AN ATTEMPT TO CHECK THE GROWING LITTER PROBLEM

I N THE 1950's BY PROHIBITING NON-RETURNABLE GLASS BEER BOTTLES.

THAT LAW W A S I N EFFECT FROM 1953 TO 1957, AND WAS QUITE SUCCESS-

FUL I N REDUCING THE GLASS BEER BOTTLE FR?K!TION OF ROADSIDE

LITTER. THAT PROHIBITION WAS ALLOWED TO EXPIRE DUE LARGELY TO

BEER INDUSTRY PRESSURE.

THE LITTER PROBLEM CONTINUED TO MOUNT AS THE BEVERAGE IW-

DUSTY PROMOTED THE ONE WAY CONTAINERS. THE INDUSTRY SUPPORTED A

NUMBER O F RECYCLING PROJECTS WHICH CERTAINLY HELPED BUT W A S QUITE

INEFFECTIVE I N REDUCING THE LITTER PROBLEM. A 'GREEN-UP DAY' WAS

ORGANIZED FOR TIE SPRING OF 1970 UNDER THE DIRECTION O F GOVERNOR

DEAN C. DAVIS. THE FIRST GREEN-UP DAY W A S CAREFULLY PLANNED OVER

A ONE YEAR PERIOD BY A TOP CALIBER STEERING COMMITTEE CO-CHAIRED

BY ROBERT BABCOCX AND THEODORE M e RIEHLE, JR. OM APRIL 18, 1970,

THERE WERE OVER 'PO, 000 VERMONTERS WHO VOLUNTEERED FOR THE ROAD-

SIDE CLEANING PROJECT WHICH RESULTED I N OVER 40,000 CUBIC YARDS

OF TRASH PICKED UP. THE COUTJTY CHAIRMEN ESTIMATED THAT 90% OF

. THE LITTER CONSISTED O F BOTTLES AND CANS. THAT 90% IS A FIGURA-

,TIVE AND NOT A LITERAL ESTIMATE. UNFQRTUTATELY, THE ROADSIDES

WERE SOON REPLENISHED W I T H FRESH e T T E R , -I) THE VOLUNTEERS WERE

FRUSTRATED WITH THE SHORT-LIVED BENEFITS OF THE REPEATED CLEANUP

PROJECTS .

-3-

I T WAS LARGELY THAT STRONG DESIRE TO HAVE A T T R A C T I W ROAD-

S I D E S WHICH LED TO THE ENACTMENT I N 1972 O F THE MANDATORY

DEPOSIT-REDEMPTION SYSTEX FOR BEER AND SODA CONTAINERS. AT THAT

TIME, VERMONT AND OREGON WERE TI33 ONLY STATES TO TRY 2pHE KIN-

DATORY DEPOSIT APPROACH. IMPLEMENTATION I N OREGON WAS JULY 1971

AND I N VERMONT, IEPPLEMENTATION WAS JULY I, 193. TKE UGPSLATUREl

IMPOSED A TAX, OR LITTER LEVY, FOR A ONE YEAR PERIOD ON HOST NON-

RETURNABLE BEVERAGE CONTAINERS* THZ M O U N T W A S 0 . 4 CENTS, AND

THAT TAX W A S I N EFFECT FROM JULY 1, 1972, UNTIL THE XANDATORY

D E P O S I T SYSTEM TOOK EFFECT I N 1973, THE LITTER TAX ON W I N E AND

LIQUOR CONTINUED UNTIL 1979, WHEN I T W A S REPEALED. THE REVENUES

FROM THIS TAX WENT TO THE TOWNS AND CITIES IN PROPORTION TO THE

POPULATION I N THE COMMUNITY.

ELEMENTS O F THE MANDATORY DEPOSIT SYSTEM I N VERMONT

THE. DEPOSIT-REDEMPTION SYSTEM WE NOW HAVE I N VERHONT WAS

THERE HAVE BEEN A FEW F I N E TUNING ORIGINALLY DEVISED I N 1972.

ADJUSTMENTS SINCB THAT TIME, BUT THE FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS ARE UNO

CHANGED. THEY ARE AS FOLLOWS.

1. THE SYSTEM APPLIES TO THE FOLLOWING BEVERAGES: BEER AND

OTHER MALT BEVERAGES, MINERAL WATERS, SODA WATER AND CAR-

BONATED SOFT D R I W .

2. A MINIMUM DEPOSIT OF FIVE CENTS IS REQUIRED ON ALL CON-

-4-

TAINERS FOR THESE BEVERAGES, WHICH IS REFUNDED UPON RETURN

O F THE EMPTY CONTAINER TO ANY RETAILER WHO SELLS THAT KIND,

S I Z E AND BRAND.

3. RETAILERS AND REDEMPTION CENTER OPERATORS GET A HANDLING FEE

O F TWO CENTS MINIMUM PER CONTAINER FOR THE EZEDEEIBTION AND

SORTING SERVICE. THE FEE WAS ORGINALLY SET AT 20% O F THE

AMOUNT O F THE DEPOSIT, OR ONE: CENT FOR FIVE CEAW DEPOSIT,

BUT W A S AMENDED I N 1980 FOR !FHE TWQ CENTS MINIMUM.

4. mE ENTIRE SYSTEM IS SELF ADMINISTERED WITHIN THE BEVERAGE

INDUSTRY WITH VERY LIT!lLE DIRECT INVOLVEMENT BY THE STATE.

I N ADDITION TO THESE FOUR = I C ELEMENTS, THERE BRE NUMEROUS

OTHER R F . Q U I " T S WHICH W I L L NOT BE DETAILED TODAY SO WE CAN

FOCUS ON THE CURRENT ISSUE O F S O L I D WASTE MANAGEXENT.

IMPACT O F DEPOSIT-REDEMTION SYSTEM

MANDATORY DEPOSIT LEGISLATIONTION IS ALWAYS PREDICTABEE AS A

DEBATABLE ISSUE WITH PROPONENTS AND OPPONENTS ARHED wrm STUDIES AND DATA TO PROVE ARGUMENTS ARE T Y P I C A U Y BUILT ON

SUCH T O P I C S AS LITTER, PRICES, JOBS, RECYLING AND PUBLIC AT-

THEIR POINT.

TITUDES. IT IS DIFFICULT TO OBTAIN TRULY OBJECT'IVE INFOHPIATION.

A REPORT DESCRIBING THE FIRST FOUR YEARS O F EXPERIENCE I N

WRMCNT T I T L E D "VERMONT FIVE CENT DEPOSIT" W A S ISSUED BY

-5-

C0NGRESSMA;N JAMES M. JEFFORDS AND DONALD WEBSTER OF TPIE VERMONT

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION AGENCY IN 1977. CONGRESSMAN JEFFORDS

WAS WRMONT ATTORNEY GENERAL AT THE TI= OF IMPLZ.XENTATION AND

NOW IS AN ADVOCATE OF NATIONAL LEGISLATION. DONAID WEBSTER WAS

THE KEY STAFF I4EMBER WHO WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN THE XMPLEMENTATPON

OF THE SYSTEM IN VERMONT AND W A S THE ADMINISTRATOR UNTIL HIS

RETIREMENT EN 1982. - . THAT REPORT ACCURATELY REFLECTS THE IH-

PACT OF THE INITIAL SYSTEM IEII3?LIEMENTA'SION. mE MAJOR CONCLUSIONS

DRAWN AT THAT TIME WERE ESSENTIALLY AS FOLLOWS;

1. THE SYSTEM W A S VERY EZ'FECTIVE AT REDUCING ROADSIDE LITTER.

2. BEVERAGE SALES CORRESPONDED WITH NATIONAL AND REGIONAL

TRENDS AT THAT TIME.

3. SOFT DRINK PRICES WERE UNAFFECTED BECAUSE THEY WERE USING

RETURNBABLE - REFILLABLES AS THE PRIMARY PACXAGE ANY WAY. BEER PRICES WENT UP INITIALLY BECAUSE OF THE UNCERTAINTY AND

XNEXPERSENCE IN THAT INDUSTRY BUT WERE ADJUSTED WITHIN A FEW

MONTHS TO BE C0MpARABI;E WITH REGIONAL PRICES. STATE TAXES

VARY CONSIDERABLY FROM ONE STATE TO ANOTHER, SO IT IS IPIPOR-

TANT TO NOTE TXE MOUNT OF THE TAX IN THE BEVERAGE PRICE.

4. MOST OF THE RJ3DE-D CONTAINERS WERE REFILLED OR -RECYCLED.

THE RECYCEIN6 PORTION OF THE BUSINESS W A S HEN TO TKE XN-

DUS!JXY, AND THERE WERE NO COMME2CIAL RECYCLERS IN BUSINESS

-6-

IN THE: EARLY 1970’s WHO CCULD ACCOMODATE THIS CHANGED CONDI-

TION . 5. RETA1CL;ERS ORGINALLY WERE QPPONENTS TO THE MANDATORY DEPOSIT

SYSTEX, BUT TXEIR CONCERMS RECONSIDERED AND AFTER SOME

ADJUSTMENTS THEY TOO BECAME PROPONENTS*

RECENT EVALUATIONS OF ALL THESE CRITERIA CONFIRM THAT PmEE

EARLIER POSITIVE FINDINGS ARE STILL VALID. . EFFECT ON SOLXD W A S T E

SINCE WE ARE CONCER?lED WXTH SOLID WASTE QUANITITES, THE

BEVERAGE CONTAINER FRACTION WILL BE SCRUTINIZED MORE CAREFLTLLY.

THERE ARE SEVERAL TRADE AND INDUSTRY PUBLICATIONS WRICH REPORT

PRODUCT SALES FOR BEER, SOFT DRINK, ETC. INFORMATION ABOUT CON-

TAINER ARRAY IS ALSO AVAILABLE TO INDICATE HOW MUCH PRODUCT IS

PACKA’.GED IN GLASS, PLASTIC OR CANS. CONTAINER WEIGHTS AND

CAPACITY IS -0 REPORTED, SO IT IS JUST A MATTER OF DOING A

LITTLE ARZTHKETIC TO CALCULATE THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF BEVERAGE CON-

TAINERS.

A PER CAPITA PROFILE FOR ONE YEAR IS AS FOLLOWS:

BEER CONSUMPTION - 23.3 GALLONS SOFT DRINK AND MIXFS - 35.6 GALWNS BEER CONTAINERS - 80% GLASS, 20% CANS

. r.

SOFT DRINX CONTAXNBRS - GO% GLASS, 20% CANS, 20% PLASTIC IF ALL THESE CONTAINERS ARE TO BE DISCARDED, TXE PER CAPITA

WEIGH3c WOULD BE 195 POUNDS PER YEAR. STUDIES OF THZ M O U N T OF

RESIDENTIX SOLID WASTE GENERATED IN VERMONT IS ESTIMATED TO BE

APPROXIMATELY 800 POUNDS PER CAPITA PER YEAR, SO THF, BEVERAGE

CONTAINER FRACTION IS APPROXIMATELY 20% BY WEIGHT USING THE 1984

FIGURES. THE REX" RATE IN VERMOW2 IS QUITE HIGH FOR ALL THE

POPULAR BRANDS OF BEER AND SODA. THERE IS NO REPORTING REQUIRE-

MENT, BUT TNE DISTRXBUTORS OFFER SOME INDICATION OF RETURN RATES.

THERE IS OVZR 95% RATE OF =TURN FQR REFILLABLE GLASS BOTTLES,

ABOUT 75 TO 85% RETURN RATE FOR CANS AND A SOMEWHAT LOWER RETURN

RATS FOR THE PLASTIC BOTTLES. THE RETURN RATE FOR LOW VOLUME

PRODUCTS IS WPICALLY LOmR THAN FOR THE HORE POPULAR NATIONAL

BRANDS.

IT IS TME DISTRIBUTORS OF BEER AND SODA PRODUCTS WHO ARRANGE

FOR THE REUSE OR RECYCLING OF THE REDEEX33D CONTAINERS. EACH

RETAILER IN VERMONT TYPICALLY HAS THREE SEPARATE SOFT DRINK

DISTRIBUTORS AND THREE SEPARATE BEER DISTRIBUTORS WHO SUPPLY MOST

OF THE BEVERAGES. THERE ARE ABOUT 8 COMMERCIAL RECYCURS WHO

PROCESS THE REDEEMED CONTAINERS. I T IS ACTUALLY QUITE COMPETI-

TIVE, AND SOME DISTRIBUTORS ' e - ' . SHOP AROUND FOR. THE BEST

DEALS ON THE SaLE OF MATERIALS SUCX AS AWR3INUl4, G U I S S Al?D

PLASTIC. THERE IS A WINDFALL I N TME SYSTEM FROM ALL THE CARD-

-8-

.

BOARD WHICH IS ALSO RECYCLED. AT TIMES, THE VALUE OF RECYCLED

CARDBOARD, OR CORRUGATED, REPRESENTS A SIGNIFICANT LEVERAGE IN

THE BARGAINING. ALL OF THESE MATERIALS RECYCLED THROUGH

DISTRIBUTORS COMMlWD BETTER PRICES BECAUSE THERE IS A STEADY

SUPPLY AND THERE ARE FEWEX CONTAMINANTS WHICH INTERFERE WITH THE

MARXET VALUE. SOME -OF THE LOW VOLUHE XNDEPENDANT DISTRIBUTORS

HAVE SOME DIFFICULTY IN ARRANGING FOR THE RECYCLING OF REDEEHED

CONTAINERS, AND SOME DO NOT EVEN BOTHER - THEY MERELY CANCEL THE CONTAINERS AND DISCARD TIEM IN THE RUBBISH. HOWEVER, THE TOTAL

OF ALL SUCH DISTRIBUTORS PUT TOGETHER REPRESENTS A VERY SMALL

PERCENTAGE OF BEVERAGE CONTAINERS IN VERMONT.

PROPOSALS TO EXPAND TIIE DEPOSIT SYSTEM TO OTHER PRODUCTS

THERE HAVE BEEN PROPOSALS TO INCLUDE OTHER BEVERAGES TO

THOSE AL3u"sADY SUBJECT TO TIfE DEPOSIT-REDEMPTION SYSTEM. NON-

CARBONATED PRODUCTS SUCH AS ICE TEA, FRUIT DRINKS, " 8

ETC. WHICH ARE PACKAGED IN CANS OR BOTTLES SIMILAR TO SODA COULD

BE INCLUDED. SOME WOULD ALSO LIKE TO SEE WINE AND LIQUOR CON-

TAXNEEPS INCLUDED, AND MORE RECENTLY, THE COOLERS. ANY OR ALL OF

THESE TOGETHER WOULD NOT LIXELY HAVE A DRAMATIC EFFECT ON SOLID

WASTE QUANTITIES OR RECYCLING, BUT IT CERTAINLY WOULD FURTIER

REDUCE THE AE3OUNT OF SOLID WASTE.

. C . , - ,

-9-

IN S-Y, THE VEBMONT SYSTEM HAS BEEN OVERWHELMINGLY SUC-

CESSFUL AT REDUCIN6 ROADSIDE LITTER WHICH WAS THE INITIAL MOTIVA-

TION. IT ALSO FOSTERS THE REUSE AND RECYCLING OF THE REDEEMED

CONTAINERS AS WELL AS THE ASSOCIATED PACKAGING SUCH AS THE CARD-

BOARD BOXES. THE NEW COMMERCIAL RECYCLERS ARE ALSO INCLINED TO

ACCEPT SIMILAR MATERIALS FOR RECYCLING FROM OTHER SOURCES, EITMtER

T€E PUBLIC OR SMAU BUSINESSES. THE AMOUNT OF RECYCLING IN VER-

MONT LITERALLY INCREASED A HUNDRZD FOLD AFTER THE FIRST YEAR OF

THE LAW'S IMPLEMENTATION IN 1973. SIMILAR RESULTS HAVE BEEN

REALIZED IN EACH OF THE 9 STATES WHICH NOW HAVE DEPOSIT XIEGISLA-

TION. THERE IS FURTIfER INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM OUR OFFICE

UPON REQUEST, AND WE WELCOME INQUIRIES.

4

1.

2.

3 .

4 .

-10-

WHAT IS EXPECTED FROM THE PUBLIC? * RETURN EMPTY CONTAINERS FOR REDEMPTION - TO ANY RETAILER WHO WHO SELLS THAT KIND, S I Z E AND BIIAND OR TO ANY LOCAL REDEMPTION CENTER . SHOULD BE CLEAN CONTAINERS (1.E. NO EXCESSIVE FOREIGN MATTER) . NO BROXEN GLASS CONTAINERS PLEASEILL

ANY CONTAI- ON WHICH A DEPOSITE HAS BEEN PAID.

1.

2.

3 .

4.

5 .

6 .

WHAT IS EXPECTED FROM THE RETAILER?

CHARGE A DEPOSIT ON BEVERAGE CONTAINERS 0 BEER, SODA, ETC.

ACCEPT KIND, S I Z E AND BRAND SOLD A. B. C. NO BROKENGLASS

WITH DEPOSIT MESSAGE (UNLESS EXEMMI) CLEAN - NO EXCESSIVE FOREIGN MATTER

FOR AT LEAST 40 HOURS PER W3EX. SHOULD POST HOURS - CONSISTENT SCHEDULE REIMBURSE "HE AMOUNT.. O F DEPOSIT

CAM NOT REQUIRE CREDIT ON PURCHASES CASH OR NEGOTIABLE XNSTRUMENT (CHECK, E X . )

PROMFT AND CQURTEOUS SERVICE

SORT BY KIND, S I Z E AND BRAND OR AS ALLOWED BY THE DISTRIBUTOR -

NOTE: A RETAILER MAY BE EXEMPTED FROM THE OBLIGATION I F THERE IS A DULY ESTABLISHED REDEMPTION CENTER I N THE AREA. DETAILS . MUST BE WORKED OUT I F APPLICABLE.

-11-

WHAT IS EXPECTED FROM THE DISTRIBUTOR? * 1. ACCEPT KIND, SIZE AND BRAND SOLD BY DISTRIBUTOR.

A. B. FROM REDEMPTION CENTER,

FROM RETAILER - AT THE STORE. 2. PAY THE REFUND VALUE AND 'WDLLNG FEE' - PROMPTLY. 3. PROVIDE SUFFICIENT SHELLS.

A. B.

IF THERE IS A CHARGE, USE REVOLVING DEPOSIT BASIS. MUST REIMBURSE FOR ACTUAL COST OF ALTERNATE TO SHELLS IF NOT PROVIDED BY DISTRIBUTOR.

5 . EXTEND R3DEMPTION SERVICE FOR DISCONTINUED BRAND OR CONTNNER FOR AT UAST 2 MONTHS AFTER RETAIL SALES ARE ENDED. INVENTORY HAS CLEARED THE DISTRIBUTOR'S WAREHOUSE.

THIS WAY BE UP TO ONE YEAR OR MORE AFTER THZ

* IN ADDITION TO THE CONVENTIAL DISTRIBUTORS, ANY DEALER OR RETAILER, WHO SELLS BEVERAGES IN CONTAINERS WITHOUT HAVING PURCHASED THEM FROM A PERSON OTHERWISE CLASSIFIED AS A DISTRIBUTOR, SHALL BE A DISTRIBUTOR.

NOTE -DISTRIBUTORS

A DISTRIBUTOR MAY SATISFY THE REDEMPTION OBLIGATION BY ALTERNATE ARRANGEMENTS IF THEY ARE ACCEPTABLE A N D WORKABLE, BUT IS NOT RELIEVED OF THE FULL RESPONSIBILITY.

EXAMPLES OF ALTERNATE ARRANGEMENTS ARE: 1. 2.

PfCKlJB AND FULL SERVICE BY ANOTHER DISTRIBUTOR. THIRD PARTY CONTRACTOR T8 SERVICE RETAILERS AND REDEMPTION

VOUCHER, ARRANGE FOR DISPOSAL OF CQNTAINERS. CENTERS. VERIFY COUNT, COMPLETE PURCHASE ORDER OR SALES

AGENT FOR DISTRIBUTOR VERIFY COUNT, COMPLETE PURCHASE ORDER OR SALES VOUCHER AND ALSO PAY RETAILER OR REDEmPTION CENTER

3.

FOR 'CANCELZNG' CONTAINER.

-12-

OTHER MISC. ITEMS

DETACHABLE OPENING ON CANS PROHIBITED HUMAN CONSUMPTION/EXEMPTION PROCEDURE

PLASTIC RINGS OR SIMILAR DEVICES MUST

1,

2.

FOR ALL LIQUID DRINKS - IF UNABLE TO COMPLY. * BE BIODEGRADABLE.

3 . GLASS BOTTLES MUST BE REFIUABLE 5 TIMES.

4. DISCONTINUED BRANDS - REDEEN AT LEAST 60 DAYS AFTER RETAIL SALES ENDED.

* MILK BASED PRODUCTS AND SOY BASED PRODUCTS WHICH REQUIIU3 STERILIZATION AND PRESSURE IN THE CANNING PROCESS.

FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT

VERMONT AGENCY OF EWIRQ"T2& CONSERVATION 103 SOUTH MAIN STREET WATERBURY, VT 05676

I

, t REMRRYp I.Periods of 1967 to 1971 and 197530 1982 indicate a rteady growth.

h

2.Data for 1972 to 1974 indicate a $oparturo from rtoady growth. Thoro aro revord rlgniticant contributing factwr. - 3.Mondotory Depoait Sydom cause(! a clearanco of prodyct from wholeaalo and retail inventory in FY 73 to comply with l~bolling changes.

4.During F Y 74, Vermont Tourirm r;ffor$d severe restrictions duo to lack 95 rnow~wlntor ondinafar tlood8 during rumrper. Gaeoliao shortages arid inflatioo compounded tho natural dirostrr. Legal drinking agQln two odjacrnt rtote wero IOWeisd from 21 to 18. ,

. I ’ -ii \r

‘ 5 ’ . . .. . . . ..

t r

# '

0 Beer . 0 S o f t Drinks 0 D r i n k Mixes

@ F r u i t Drinks @

B o t t l e d Waters

Wines

S p i r i t s

BEVERAGE PROFILE - a VE R M 0 N T'

TOTAL GA .LONS (000)

Gals. - x 13,522.2 32.4

15,043.0 35.9

3,304.5 7.9

6,915.1 16.5

2 1 4 - 7 0.5?

1,605.8 3.8

1,243.2 3.0

GALLONS

I BOTTLED WATERS FRUIT Oa5' O R I N K S

16.5 90

I

7.9 90

#

R E T A I L DOLLARS (000)

' $ x

259.6 , O . i

58,573.8 26.6

29.40 41,364.9 18.8

4 ,692 r4 2.1

21,851.5 9.9

P E R C A P I T A (GALLONS)

VT U.S.

0.44 2.66, 0

- 3.00 2 . 1 q 24,216.9 11.0 3.80 0 2.8 66,894.2 31.3

2.1 9,853.3

RETAIL P R I C E PER G A L L O N (DOLLARS 1

VT U.S.

4,32 4.211

2.76 2.857

1.42 1.431

3.16 3.281

L i 5 L 2 i i

15.09 14.899

55.42 47.510

NOTES: 1.

2.

3.

S t a t i s t i c s from A u g u s t 1983 issue o f B e v e r a g e W o r l d (1982 d a t a )

Per c a p i t a d a t a f o r a l c h o l i c b e v e r a g e i s a d u l t per c a p i t a

Beer, s o f t d r i n k s a n d d r i n k m i x e s are s u b j e c t t o Vermont d e p o s i t system

4 . C a r b o n a t e d f r u i t d r i n k s a n d b o t t l e d water a r e s u b j e c t t o Vermont d e p o s i t . system