AnaPhysio and Labs- POC

8/9/2019 AnaPhysio and Labs- POC

1/7

Anatomy and Physiology

The word skeleton comes from the Greek word meaning dried- up body. strong, yet light, it is perfectly adapted

for its functions of body protection and motion. Shaped by an event that happened more than one million years

ago when a being first stood erect on hind legs our skeleton is a tower of bones arranged so that we can stand

upright and balance ourselves. The skeleton is subdivided into three divisions: the axial skeleton, the boned that

form the longitudinal axis of the body, and the appendicular skeleton, the bones of the limbs and girdles. In

addition to bones, the skeletal system includes joints, cartilages, and ligaments (fibrous cords that bind the bones

together at joints). The joints give the body flexibility and allow movement to occur. Besides contributing to body

shape and form, or bones perform several important body functions such as support, protection, movement,

storage and blood cell formation.


2/7

Pathophysiology:

Damage to the bone supply to entire bone

Severe circulatory compromise

Avascular(ischemic) necrosis may result

Clinical manifestations:

y Pain

y Loss of function

y Deformity

y Swelling and discoloration

y Paresthesia

y tenderness

Predisposing factors:

y Aging

y Gender:

female

y Arthritis

Etiology:

- Increase bone fragility of the

intertrochanteric area of the

femur associated with

decreased agility and

decreased muscle tone of the

muscles in the area secondary

to the aging process.

Precipitating factors:

y Environmental

hazard

y Lifestyle (lack of

exercise)

Complications:

o Loss of fixation

o Painful hardware

o Bedsores from prolonged bedrest

o Loss of motion of the lower extremity joints and muscle atrophy due to prolonged

immobilization.


3/7

Femoral neck fractures occur most commonly after falls. Trauma sufficient to produce a fracture can result in

damage to the blood supply to an entire bone (e.g., the femoral neck in femoral fracture.) With seer circulatory

compromise, avascular (ischemic) necrosis may result. Particularly vulnerable to the development of ischemic are

intracapsular fractures, as occur in the hip. In this location, blood supply is marginal and damage to surrounding

soft tissues may be a critical factor since better results are obtained in cases of hip fracture reduced with in 12 hr.

than in those treated after that time period. In fractures of the femoral neck, bone scans have been

recommended as diagnostic tools to determine the orability of the femoral need.


4/7

Laboratory and Diagnostic Exams:

Hematologic Exam 05/23/2010

Hematologic

Results:

Results: Normal Range: Analysis: Interpretation:

Hemoglobinmass:

104 Male: 127-182g/l

Female: 110-

158g/l

Decreasedhemoglobin

Blood loss andbone marrowsuppression reducetotal RBC count

Hematocrit: 0.31 0.37-0.54 Decreasedhematocrit

Hematocrit will bedecreased becausethe plasma volumehas compensatedfor fluid loss

Leukocyte count: 7.6 4.5-10x10g/l NormalDifferential

count:

-segmenters 0.54 0.50-0.70 Normal

-lymphocytes 0.34 0.20-0.40 Normal

-monocytes 0.1 0.00-0.07 Normal

-eosinophils 0.02 0.00-0.05 Normal

Reticulocytes: 0.5-2.0%

Platelet count: 237 150-400x10^g/l Normal

CoagulationStudies:

-PTT 14.1 11-15seconds Normal

-% Activity 93.4

-INR 1.05

Activated PTT: 31.7 22-45seconds Normal

Blood Type BRH typing: Positive (+)

CRP Reactive

Semi-Quantitive

CRP

24


5/7

Indices:

-MCV 83 82-92fl Normal

-MCH 28 28-32pg Normal

-MCHC 34 32-38% Normal

Results: Normal Range: Analysis: Interpretation:

RBC Morphology

ESR WestergrenMethod:

Male


6/7

Blood Chem Results 05/25/2010

Test name: Results: Normal Range: Analysis: Interpretation:

Glucose 71.49mg/dl 75.68-115.32 Normal

Urea 50.85 10.22-49.88 Normal

Cholesterol 195.59mg/dl


7/7

Documents

AnaPhysio and Labs- POC