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Regular –AR Verb Conjugation

One of the most important grammar

presentations you will have this school year.

IN PRETERITE TENSE

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Conjugation… what is it?

The act of assigning a to an infinitive.

SUBJECT

Infinitives… remember those?

They show ACTION ONLY

and end in

-IR-ER

-AR

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The verbs we are conjugating are REGULAR verbs.

PATTERN.

These verbs are considered “regular” because they follow a

However, the “pattern” is new. We are switching tenses, from speaking about

the present to speaking about THE PAST.

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Preterite tense is our the third verb tense.

Let’s explore the others….

Para ejercicio, yo camino todos los días.

For exercise, I walk every day.

PRESENT TENSE

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Estoy caminando al trabajo ahora.

I am walking to work now.

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

TENSEESTAR = -ANDO / -IENDO

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Yo caminé a mi perro esta mañana y ahora tengo sueño.

I walked my dog this morning and now I am sleepy.

PRETERITE TENSE

indicating the past

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Pause for Practice

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Saquen sus “libritos de notas” y ábranlos a la página 1.

Van a tomar notas de página 1 a página 4 este capítulo.

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Yo

Tú (familiar)

Usted (polite)

ÉlElla

NosotrosNosotras

VosotrosVosotras

(used in Spain)

Ustedes

EllosEllas

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-AMOS

-ARON-Ó

-ASTE

-É

-ASTEIS

Regular –AR Preterite Endings

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Let’s look at an example…

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NOSOTROS NOSOTRAS

Uds.ELLOS ELLAS

ÉLELLA Ud.

TÚ

YO

VOSOTROS VOSOTRAS

NADAR – TO SWIM

NADARÉ

NADARASTE

NADARÓ

NADARAMOS

NADARASTEIS

NADARARON

I swam.

You swam.

He/She swam. / You swam. They swam. / You (all) swam

You (all) swam.

We swam.

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Hablar – to speak

Hablamos

Hablasteis

Hablaron

Hablé

Hablaste

Habló

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Ducharse – to shower

Nos duchamos

Os duchasteis

Se ducharon

Me duché

Te duchaste

Se duchó

Note that even though the verb has been conjugated in a new tense, the use of the reflexive pronoun is still the same.

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Pause for Practice

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-IMOS

-IERON-IÓ

-ISTE

-Í

-ISTEIS

Regular –ER/-IR Preterite Endings

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Let’s look at an example…

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NOSOTROS NOSOTRAS

Uds.ELLOS ELLAS

ÉLELLA Ud.

TÚ

YO

VOSOTROS VOSOTRAS

COMER – TO EAT

COMERÍ

COMERISTE

COMERIÓ

COMERIMOS

COMERISTEIS

COMERIERON

I ate.

You ate.

He/She ate. / You ate. They ate. / You (all) ate.

You (all) ate.

We ate.

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Correr – to run

Corrimos

Corristeis

Corrieron

Corrí

Corriste

Corrió

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Compartir – to share

Compartimos

Compartisteis

Compartieron

Compartí

Compartiste

Compartió

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Pause for Practice

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But… we haven’t talked about stem-

changing verbs.

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Like reflexive verbs, stem-changing verbs are a “type” of

verb and exist in all verb tenses.

HOWEVER… to stem-change in preterite tense, the verb has

to meet certain conditions.

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1) The stem-changing verb has to be an –IR infinitive.

2) The subject has to use a 3rd person ending.

DIVERTIR

COMPETIR

REPETIR

VESTIRSERVIR

PEDIR

X X

DORMIR

MORIR

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PROBARSE – to try on

Nos probamos

Os probasteis

Se probaron

Me probé

Te probaste

Se probó

PROBARSE is NOT an –IR verb and, therefore, will not stem-change.

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ENTENDER – to understand

Entendimos

Entendisteis

Entendieron

Entendí

Entendiste

Entendió

ENTENDER is NOT an –IR verb and, therefore, will not stem-change.

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DORMIR – to sleep

Dormimos

Dormisteis

Durmieron

Dormí

Dormiste

Durmió

DORMIR IS an –IR verb and, therefore, will stem-change, but only in 3rd person.

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Pause for Practice

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Vamos a practicar.

Necesitan una pizarrita, un borrador y un

marcador.

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NADAR - yo

NADÉ

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CREAR - nosotros

CREAMOS

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ESCRIBIR (usted)

ESCRIBIÓ

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DIBUJAR - tú

DIBUJASTE

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CANTAR - ellos

CANTARON

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VER (ellos)

VIERON

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LLAMAR (nosotros)

LLAMAMOS

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BEBER (yo)

BEBÍ

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There are clue words that indicate that the action took

place in the past and will use the preterite tense. Translate as

many of these words as you can.

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These “helper” words include:

• Ayer• Anoche• Esta mañana• La semana pasada• El mes pasado• El año pasado• Anteayer

• Yesterday• Last night• This morning• Last week• Last month• Past year• The day before

yesterday

Please write them in your purple P/I booklet on page 17.

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Besides those stem-changers, which we will cover in-depth at a

later time, there are other spelling changes that take place.

The first set are those verbs that end in…

-GAR -ZAR-CAR

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Saquen sus “libritos de notas” y ábranlos a la página 3.

Van a tomar más notas.

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For –GAR verbs, the “G” changes to “GU”…

… but only in the YO form.

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JUGAR – to play

Jugamos

Jugasteis

Jugaron

Jugué

Jugaste

Jugó

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Other –GAR verbs include:

• LLEGAR

• PAGAR

• OBLIGAR

• NAVEGAR

• to arrive

• to pay

• to force

• to navegate

Choose two verbs from the list and conjugate on page 4 in the top two boxes.

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For –CAR verbs, the “C” changes to “QU”…

… but only in the YO form.

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BUSCAR – to look for

Buscamos

Buscasteis

Buscaron

Busqué

Buscaste

Buscó

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Other –CAR verbs include:

• SACAR

• PRACTICAR

• CALIFICAR

• EXPLICAR

• TOCAR

• to take (out)

• to practice

• to grade

• to explain

• to playChoose two verbs from the list and conjugate on

page 4 in the middle two boxes.

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For –ZAR verbs, the “Z” changes to “C”…

… but only in the YO form.

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ALMORZAR – to have lunch

Almorzamos

Almorzasteis

Almorzaron

Almorcé

Almorzaste

Almorzó

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Other –ZAR verbs include:

• EMPEZAR

• COMENZAR

• ORGANIZAR

• TROPEZAR

• to begin, start

• to commence

• to organize

• to trip (over)

Choose two verbs from the list and conjugate on page 4 in the bottom two boxes.

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Vamos a practicar.

Necesitan una pizarrita, un borrador y un

marcador.

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LLEGAR - yo

LLEGUÉ

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COMENZAR - yo

COMENCÉ

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TROPEZAR - yo

TROPECÉ

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CALIFICAR - yo

CALIFIQUÉ

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PAGAR - yo

PAGUÉ

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So… what do you remember?

• When is preterite tense used?• Which two types of infinitives share a box?• Which two forms of NADAR have accents on

them?• What is the only kind of infinitive that will

stem-change in preterite tense?• -GARs, -CARs and –ZARs have spelling changes

in only which form?• In a –ZAR verb, what does the “Z” change to?