Air Breathing Engines andAerospace Propulsion

Proceedings of NCABE 200405-07 November 2004

EDITORSB.N. RaghunandanCharlie Oommen

R.K. Sullerey

Organised by

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KANPUR

Allied Publishers Pvt. LimitedNew Delhi Mumbai Kolkata Lucknow Chennai

Nagpur Bangalore Hyderabad Ahmedabad

Contents

List of Reviewers vCommittees

/ xiPreface xiii

COMBUSTORS (EXPERIMENTAL)

1. Altitude Relight Characteristics of an Aero Gas TurbineCombustor 3

R.K. Mishra

2. Re-Circulating Flow Dynamics Inside a Dump Combustor 12S. Nigam, D. Ahmed, A. Kushari and D.P. Mishra

3. Spectroscopic Analysis of a Premixed LPG-Air Flame 23Robin Gupta, Vinkish Garg and A. Kushari

4. Direct Drop Size Measurement of a Cryogenic Spray 33Hrishikesh Ganu, Santosh Kumar Sahoo andB.N. Raghunandan

5. Estimation of Overall Total Pressure Loss of an AnnularCombustor by Water Tunnel Experiments 46

Dalton M. and C. Badarinath

COMBUSTORS/JETS (THEORETICAL)6. A Preliminary Design and Analysis of Annular Gas Turbine

Combustor Using Control Volume Approach 59Ramanand Singh, Venkataraman Shankar,Keshav Kant and B.P. Pundir

7. Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of a Thermal Pulse Combustor 70Achintya Mukhopadhyay, Subhashis Datta andDipankar Sanyal

xW Contents

8. CFD Analysis of an Afterburner System with Inlet SwirlUnder Isothermal Condition 79

Ganesan S., Kishore Kumar S., Venkataraman Shankarand Ganesan V.

9. Multi-Dimensional Modeling in a Gas Turbine Combustor 95Atul Singhal and R.V. Ravikrishna

10. Numerical Investigation of Moderately Under-expandedTurbulent Free Jets 105

E. Rajakuperan and V. AshokCONTROLS

11. An Approach to Controller Synthesis for Twin SpoolAircraft Gas Turbine Engine 117

S. Srivastava, V. Kulkarni and S.R. Balakrishnan

12. Hardware in the Loop Simulation for Verification ofControl Laws of Digital Control System for Gas TurbineEngine 130

Tarun Uppal, Anoop Kohli, S. Kathiresan and VamanKulkarni

13. Uncertainty Analysis of Propellant Gauging System forSpacecraft 141

Amit Lai and B.N. Raghunandan

COMPRESSORS14. Aerodynamic Studies on Swept Blades for Axial Flow

Fan/Compressor 159Bhaskar Roy and Manish Chouhan

15. Secondary Flow Control Using Vortex Generator Jets:Physical Mechanism 175

A.M. Pradeep and R.K. Sullerey

16. Feasibility Study of Tandem Blades Using Mises Code 188Bhaskar Roy and M. Pankaj Mallik

Contents xvli

17. Stability and Control Analysis of Centrifugal Compressor 206Manas Pradhan, Ramamurthy, S. andMayavanshi, V.K.

18. Aerodynamic Design and Analysis of a 1.6 Pressure RatioTransonic Axial Flow Compressor Stage 222

Q.H. Nagpurwala, S.R. Chaudhary andS. Sangamnath

DESIGN/ENGINES

19. Design of Wind Back Seals for Use in CompressorTest Rigs 241

Harikrishnan A.G., M.Z. Siddique andK. Radhakrishnan

20. Sensitivity Analysis of Critical Labyrinth Seals ofAero-Engines 250

M. Srikanth, V. Sethu Manavalan andN. Nanjunda Rao

21. 5-Axes Levitation of a Rotor Towards Indigenisation of theMagnetic Bearing Technology 263

S. Jana, V. Arun Kumar and M. Ananda22. Application of Layer Damping Technique

- An Experimental Study 275K.S. Nagendra, V. Arun Kumar, S. Jana andMahesh Mesta

23. In-flight Liquid Oxygen Collection Systems for Air-Breathing Hypersonic Vehicle 289

D.P. Rao, A. Bhowal, S. Pandey and R. Gopalaswami

24. Ram Air Induction Phenomina in Wankel Engines 302Murthy, V. Sarveswaran and Y.V.S. Murthy

25. Effect of Fuel/Oil Discipline on Aero Engines:A Case Study 315

B.S. Vedaprakash, G. Gouda, S. Narayana Swamy andC. Jagadish Babu

xvlil Contents

26. Engine Health Monitoring: A Tool for Small GasTurbine Life Extension 332

Nishikant Tamrakar, L.N. Raghavendra andY.V.S. Murthy

FLOW & HEAT TRANSFER

27. Review of Stealth Technology and Aircraft IR Signatures 345G.A. Rao and S.P. Mahulikar

28. Effect of Wall Heating on Flow Field of a Low SpeedRectangular Wall Jet 359

G. Mahendra Perumal and B.T.N. Sridhar

29. An Experimental Study of Heat Transfer for a PremixedFlame Impinging Normally on a Flat Surface 367

Ankush T. Gathibandhe, Subhash Chander andAnjan Ray

MANUFACTURE

30. Investigations on Machining Critical Aero Engine PartsUsing Multi-Axis CNC EDM Technology 381

K. Srinivasulu, Vishal U. Bagade,Neeraj K. Mishra and S. Sudhakar Reddy

31. Cutting Temperatures in Machining of Titanium Alloy 391D.R.S.V. Varma, B.G. Nanda Gopal andS. Sudhakar Reddy

32. Advances in Materials for Kaveri Engine DevelopmentProgramme 399

Subrata Das, S.N. Narendra Babu and S.N. Ghosh

MISCELLANEOUS

33. An Experimental Investigation of Flapping WingPropulsion for Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) 415

V. Duriyanandhan, A. Muniappan and V. Baskar

Contents xlx

34. An Approach to Certification of Jet Fuel Starter forAdvanced Fighter Aircraft 427

S. Narayana Swamy, R.K. Jha andB.S. Vedprakash

35. Development of a Three-Dimensional Two-Phase FlowSolver on a Parallel Linux Cluster 440

R. Balu and V. Ashok

SCRAM JETS (EXPERIMENTAL)

36. Effect of Strut Based Cavities on Confined SupersonicFlow Mixing 451

Rakesh Kumar, O.J. Shreenivasan, T. Sai Kumar,R.I. Sujith and S.R. Chakravarthy

37. Supersonic Cold Flow Mixing Studies on Strut-basedRamp Fuel Injectors 463

Rakesh Kumar, T. Sai Kumar, O.J. Shreenivasan,R.I. Sujith and S. R. Chakravarthy

38. Heat Transfer Analysis of a Scramjet Test Combustor 474S. Kesav Kumar, S. Krishnamoorthy andS.V. Subba Rao

39. Study of Cavity Flow Field for Mixing Enhancement inSupersonic Flows 484

M.C. Mohamed Ali and Job Kurian

40. Experimental Studies on Strut Based SupersonicCombustor Using Hydrocarbon Fuel with PilotHydrogen 497

J.V.S. Murthy, B. Rajinikanth, C. Chandrasekhar,B.V.N. Charyulu, Satish Kumar and M.Sambasiva Rao

41. Design and Theoretical Performance of anActively-Cooled Vitiated Air Heater for TestingScramjet Engine 506

R.D. Swami, S. Kumar and M. Sambasivarao

xx Contents

SCRAM JETS (THEORETICAL)

42. CFD Simulations of Reacting Flow Field in a Strut BasedScramjet Test Combustor 517

Sai Ganesan H. and Ganesh R.

43. Study of Strut Based Parallel Injection into Supersonic 529Flow

Desikan S.L.N. and Job Kurian

44. Optimisation of an Inviscid Scram-jet Air-intake 541Pankaj Priyadarshi, Vinod Kumar, V. Adimurthy,Dipankar Das, Pradeep Kumar and V.K.Goyal

45. Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis for Strut Used for FuelInjection in Scramjet Combustor 552

M.S.R. Chandra Murthy, A.K. Kachroo andM. Sambasiva Rao

46. Transverse Liquid Jet Injection into a Supersonic Flow 563Sumit Soni and Debasis Chakraborty

STRUCTURES

47. Fatigue Life Evaluation of Kaveri Engine By-Pass Duct 573Ramakrishna Narayana Bhat, Niranjan Sarangi andP. Ramesh

48. Fatigue Life Evaluation of Kaveri Engine HP Main Shafts 579K.C. Sharma, P. Ramesh and G.V. Venkata Rao

49. New Approach for the Manufacture of the PhotoelasticStress Analysis Models of Gas Turbine Engine Components 589

U. Chandrasekhar and K. Ramachandra

50. Bolted Jointed Stifness Studies - An ExperimentalApproach 601

V. Arun Kumar, M.K. Rajaneesh, M. Radhakrishna andS. Jana

Contents xxl

51. Feasibility Studies on Power Take Off Composite Shaft 616V. Arun Kumar, Shashidhar U.G., S. Jana,V. Munirathnam and Mahesh Mesta

52. Preliminary Studies on the Thermo-MechanicalCharacteristics of Indigenously Developed Shape MemoryAlloy Wires 626

Lakshminarasima R., V. Arun Kumar, Soumendu Jana,K.V. Ramaiah and S.K. Bhaumik

53. Finite Element Analysis of High Aspect Ratio Fan Blades 637

Sandeep Dhar, P. Seshu and B. Roy

TURBINE

54. Effect of Operating Pressure on Exit Temperature Traverseof an Aero Gas Turbine Combustor 651

M.N. Bhat, R.K. Mishra and R.D. Navindgi55. Effect of Inlet Wake and Blowing Ratio on Static Pressure

Distribution of a Turbine Rotor Linear Cascade Blade 658Murari Sridhar, B.V.S.S.S. Prasad and N. Sitaram

56. The Dynamics of Laminar Separation Bubble and Its Control 674Sourabh Diwan, S.J. Chetan and O.N. Ramesh

57. Unsteady Flow on the Suction Surface of a LP TurbineBlade Due to Passing Wakes and Large Eddy Simulation 685

S. Sarkar and P.R. Voke

58. Effect of Blade Square Trailing Edge on the 697Performance of a High Pressure Turbine Stage

S.V. Ramana Murty, T. Prabhakaran, R. Ganesh,T.V. Krishnaiah and K.M.M. Swamy

SUBJECT INDEX 711

AUTHOR INDEX 715