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Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 754-755
Advanced Materials Engineering and Technology III
Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 3rd International Conference on Advanced Material Engineering &Technology (ICAMET 2014), December 4-5, 2014, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
vonMustafa Bakri
1. Auflage
Trans Tech Publications 2015
Verlag C.H. Beck im Internet:www.beck.de
ISBN 978 3 03835 434 5
schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei beck-shop.de DIE FACHBUCHHANDLUNG
Table of Contents
Preface and Conference Organization
Chapter 1: Composites and Polymer Materials
The Effects of Different Fillers on Mechanical and Morphological Properties of SBR/CRrBlendsA.A. Azmi, N.N. Zulkepli, M.F. Omar and K. Hussin 3
Flexural Performance of Polyurethane/Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Foam CompositesA.A. Sinar, Z. Firuz, M.A. Nur Azni, M.A. Hazizan and H.A. Sahrim 8
Thermal Properties of Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Thermoplastic Starch/BananaFiber CompositesA.S.A. Enaid and M.K. Ab Wahab 13
Effect of Particle Size of W-Brass Composite on Gamma-Ray Absorption CoefficientK.S. Mohammed, A.B. Azeez, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, K. Hussin and A.B. Rahmat 19
In Vitro Mechanical Properties of Metallocene Linear Low Density Polyethylene (mLLDPE)Nanocomposites Incorporating Montmorillonite (MMT)A.F. Osman, A. Alakrach, H. Kalo, O.S. Dahham and M. Al Bakri Abdullah 24
Electrical Properties of Starch/PEO Blend Polymer ElectrolytesK. Ramly and A.S.A. Khiar 29
Rheological and Thermal Study of Chitosan Filled Thermoplastic Elastomer CompositesB.Y. Lim, C.S. Poh, C.H. Voon and H. Salmah 34
Properties of All-Cellulose Composite Films from Coconut Shell Powder andMicrocrystalline CelluloseH. Farah Norain, H. Salmah and M.M. Zakaria 39
Polyethersulfone/Polyvinyl Acetate Blend Membrane for CO2/CH4 Gas SeparationS.H.A. Abdul Hadi, H. Mukhtar, H. Abdul Mannan and T. Murugesan 44
Effect of Hybrid Tackifiers on Viscosity, Peel Strength and Shear Resistance of NaturalRubber and Epoxidized Natural Rubber-Based Pressure Sensitive AdhesivesL. Musa, S.Z. Firdaus, K. Hussin and P.B. Teik 49
Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Polylactic Acid/Recycled Low DensityPolyethylene/Nypa fruticans Biocomposites Compatibilized with Polyetylene-co-Acrylic AcidM. Syahmie Rasidi, H. Salmah, P.L. Teh and H. Ismail 54
Characterization of Geopolymer Composite via Filament WindingM.F. Abu Hashim, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, C.M.R. Ghazali, K. Hussin, M.F. Mohd Tahir andM. Binhussain 59
Effect of Corn Husk Content on Tensile Properties of Polylactic Acid Biocomposite FilmsM.A. bin Dato’ Hasnan, S. Husseinsyah, L.B. Ying and M.F. Abd Rahman 66
Effect of Hybrid Fillers on the Thermal Properties of UHMWPE/Chitosan-ZnO CompositesM.F. Omar, L.Y. Wei, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah and K. Hussin 71
Measurement on Strain Rate Sensitivity Properties of Rice Husk (Rh)/Linear Low DensityPolyethylene (Lldpe) Composites under Various Loading RatesM.F. Omar, N.S. Abdul Wahab, H. Md Akil, Z.A. Ahmad and N.Z. Noriman 77
Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)/Sawdust Composites underWide Range of Strain RateM.F. Omar, H. Jaya, H. Md Akil, Z.A. Ahmad and N.Z. Noriman 83
Glutardialdehyde Modified Corn Starch – Urea Formaldehyde Resin as a Binder forParticleboard MakingM.H.M. Amini, R. Hashim, N.S. Sulaiman, S. Hiziroglu, O. Sulaiman, M. Mohamed and M.S.Mat Rasat 89
Grafting of Itaconic Anhydride onto Natural Rubber as Compatibilizer for Rubber Blend,Experimental Optimization of Grafting ExtentM. Puteh, P. Klinpituksa and A. Kaesaman 94
Effect of Alkaline Treatment to Wettability and Flexural Properties of Kenaf NonwovenFibre Mat Reinforced Epoxy Composites Produced by Resin Transfer MouldingM.S. Salim, Z.A. Mohd Ishak, D. Ariawan and M.Z. Ahmad Thirmizir 99
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Hybrid MWCNT-Muscovite Composite FillerM.H. Abdul Kudus, H. Md Akil, M.R. Zakaria and S.S. Md Saleh 106
The Effects on Tensile and Morphology of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Blendedwith Recycled Nitrile Gloves (EPDM/NBRr)Z. Norhafizah, N.Z. Noriman, S.T. Sam, H. Ismail and M.F. Omar 110
Characteristics of Carbonized Bamboo at Various TemperaturesN.R. Munirah, N.Z. Noriman, M.Z. Salihin, M.H. Fatin and S.T. Sam 115
The Study on Cure Characteristics and Physical Properties of Ethylene Propylene DieneMonomer Blended with Recycled Nitrile Gloves (EPDM/NBRr)Z. Norhafizah, N.Z. Noriman, S.T. Sam, H. Ismail and M.F. Omar 120
The Influences of Cure Characteristics and Physical Properties of Recycled Nitrile GloveFilled Epoxidized Natural Rubber Compounds (NBRr/ENR25)A.A. Afiratul, N.Z. Noriman, S.T. Sam, H. Ismail and M.F. Omar 125
The Study of Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Recycled Nitrile Glove FilledEpoxidized Natural Rubber Compounds (NBRr/ENR25)A.A. Afiratul, N.Z. Noriman, S.T. Sam, H. Ismail, A.W.M. Kahar, M.Z. Salihin and M.F. Omar 130
Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid MWCNT-Alumina Filled Epoxy NanocompositesM.R. Zakaria, H. Md Akil, M.H. Abdul Kudus and M.Z. Ahmad Thirmizir 135
The Effects of Partial Replacement of Virgin Polyethylene (vPE) with Recycled Polyethylene(rPE) in vPE/rPE/Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM) Blends: ThermalProperties and Swelling BehaviourH. Ismail, H.W. Woon, N.Z. Noriman, S.T. Sam and N.Z. Nik Yahya 140
Fabrication and Microstructure of Clay-Based Geopolymer Ceramic Using PowderMetallurgy MethodN.A. Jaya, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, C.M.R. Ghazali, M. Binhussain, K. Hussin, R. Ahmad andM. van Tran 145
Correlation between Na2SiO3/NaOH and NaOH Molarity to Flexural Strength ofGeopolymer CeramicN.A. Jaya, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, C.M.R. Ghazali, M. Binhussain, K. Hussin, R. Ahmad andJ.J. Ekaputri 152
Conductivity and Structural Studies of PEMA/ENR-50 Blend with LiCF3SO3 SaltN. Sukri, N.S. Mohamed and R.H.Y. Subban 157
Tensile Properties and Morphology of Low Linear Density Polyethylene/Kapok Husk Eco-CompositesN.F.S. binti Arshad, S. Husseinsyah and L.B. Ying 161
Effect of Aluminium Addition on Microstructure and Microhardness of Sn-0.7Cu-xAlLead-Free Solder AlloyN.R. Abdul Razak, N. Adli, N. Saud and S.A. Musa 166
Properties of Waste Eggshell as Calcium Oxide CatalystR. Ahmad, R. Rohim and N. Ibrahim 171
Effect of Phthalic Anhydride Content on Properties of Soy Protein Isolate/Kapok HuskBiofilmR.K.C. Pani Sellivam, S. Husseinsyah, T.P. Leng, M.M. Zakaria and H. Ismail 176
Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Copper-ZincAlloy CompositeS. Shahrizam, C.P. Faizul, M.Z. Ruhiyuddin, D. Murizam and J. Noorina Hidayu 181
Corn Stalk Filled Low Density Polyethylene Bio Composites: Influence Maleic AnhydrideGrafted PolyetyleneS. Husseinsyah, A. Ismail and H. Osman 187
Tensile Properties of Recycled Polypropylene (rPP)/Chloroprene Rubber (CR) Blends:Effect of CR ContentS. Husseinsyah, C.M. Yeng and P. Wei Ken 192
Properties of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)/Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber(NBRr)/Banana Skin Powder (BSP) Composites: Oven AgeingR. Santiagoo, K. Hussin, S.S. Ting, A. Abdul Ghani, H. Ismail and A.F. Hashim 197
b Advanced Materials Engineering and Technology III
Effects of Epoxidized Nature Rubber on High Density Polyethylene/Recycled AcrylonitrileButadiene Rubber/Banana Skin Powder CompositesR. Santiagoo, S.S. Ting, A. Abdul Ghani, H. Ismail and A. Mislan 201
Effects of Oven Ageing on Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)/ RecycledAcrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBRr)/ Rice Husk Powder (RHP) CompositesN. Ariffin, S. Ragunathan, S.S. Ting and H. Ismail 205
Tensile Properties of Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)/ Recycled AcrylonitrileButadiene Rubber (NBRr)/ Rice Husk Powder (RHP) CompositesR. Santiagoo, S.S. Ting, H. Ismail and M. Jaafar 210
Tensile Properties of Wollastonite Filled High Density Polyethylene/Natural RubberCompositesI. Yuhaida, H. Salmah, H. Ismail and Z. Firuz 215
Kaolin-Based Geopolymer Filled Epoxy-Layered Silicates: Compressive PropertiesY. Mat Daud, K. Hussin, C.M. Ruzaidi, A.F. Osman, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah and M. Binhussain 220
Characterization of Epoxy-Layered Silicates Filled with Fly Ash-Based GeopolymerY. Mat Daud, K. Hussin, C.M. Ruzaidi, A.F. Osman, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah and M. Binhussain 225
Color and Antioxidant Changes in Various Natural Rubber ProcessesS. Siriwong, A. Rungvichaniwat, P. Klinpituksa, K.H. Musa and A. Abdullah 230
Influence of Montmorillonite Treated with Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide Additionin Epoxy-Kenaf CompositesA. Zuliahani, H.D. Rozman and A.R. Rozyanty 235
The Effect of Microwave Sintering Time to PM Aluminum AlloysM.N. Derman, S.N. Mohd Suhaimi and Z. Che Daud 240
The Influence of NaOH Concentration on Molar Ratios of Palm Oil Boiler Ash BasedGeopolymerZ. Yahya, K. Hussin, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, K.N. Ismail, R. Abd Razak and A.V. Sandu 245
Effect of Curing Temperature on Degree Imidization of Melamine-BPADA HyperbranchedPolyimide Studied by FT-IRM.B.H. Othman, H. Md Akil, H. Osman and Z. Ahmad 251
Magnetic and Electrical Properties of TPU/NR Blends Filled NiZn FerriteN.A. Ahad, S.H. Ahmad and J. Abd Jalil 256
Effect of Poly (Butyl Acrylate) and Poly (Ethylene Oxide) Modified Sago Starch on NaturalRubber Latex Films Physical PropertiesM.M. Afiq, N.T. Sean and A.R. Azura 261
Regenerated Cellulose/Nypa Fruticans Fiber Biocomposite Films Using Ionic LiquidV. Govindan, S. Husseinsyah, T.P. Leng, M.M. Zakaria and F.A. Tanjung 266
Study Regarding the Influence of Polymerization Mode of Light Unit on SurfaceMicrohardness of Composite ResinsS. Stoleriu, G. Iovan, M.C. Perju, A.V. Sandu and S. Andrian 271
Chapter 2: Building Materials
Mechanical Properties of Artificial Lightweight Geopolymer Aggregate (ALGA)Concreteusing Volcano Mud with Various Sintering TemperatureR. Abdul Razak, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, K. Hussin, K.N. Ismail, D. Hardjito and Z. Yahya 279
Sidoarjo Mud-Based Lightweight Mortar Using Foaming Agent and Aluminum PowderTriwulan, J.J. Ekaputri, J. Andik and D.P. Boby 284
Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash Artificial Geopolymer Aggregates withNatural AggregateA. Abdullah, K.A.R. Ku Yin, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, K. Hussin and M. van Tran 290
Geopolymer Steel Slag BrickB.S. Mohammed, M. Fadhil Nuruddin, K.A. bt Mohd Azizli and K.Z. Ku Shaari 296
Effect of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Concentration on Compressive Strength of Alkali-Activated Slag (AAS) MortarsA.N. Hashim, K. Hussin, N. Begum, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, K. Abdul Razak and J.J. Ekaputri 300
Characteristics of Mortars with Various Composition of Ground Granulated Blast FurnaceSlagA.N. Hashim, K. Abdul Razak, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, N.M. Mohd Nan and N.A. Mohd Noor 305
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 754-755 c
Enhancing Properties of Reinforcing Steel by Chemical PhosphatationC. Bejinariu, P. Lazăr, A.V. Sandu, A.M. Cazac, I.G. Sandu and O. Corbu 310
Experimental and Analytical Study of Various Shear Connectors Used for Cold-FormedSteel-Ferrocement Composite BeamA. Saggaff, T. Alhajri, M.M. Tahir, K. Alenezi, C.S. Tan, A. Sulaiman, M. Muhammad Lawanand M. Ragae 315
A Comprehensive Characterization and Determination of Fly Ashes in Indonesia UsingDifferent MethodsJ.J. Ekaputri, M. Bahrul Ulum, Triwulan, B. Ridho, T.E. Susanto and M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah 320
Acid Resistance of Oil Palm Shell Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Containing Palm OilFuel AshK. Muthusamy, N. Zamri, I. Mohd Haniffa, N.N. Sarbini and F. Mat Yahaya 326
The Performance of Double Sheathed Composite Walling Made from Profiled SteelSheeting and Dry BoardM.A. Majid and W.H. Wan Badaruzzaman 331
Comparison of Chloride Binding Capacity of Binary and Ternary BindersM. van Tran, D.T. Thuy Hang and K. Hussin 336
Effect of Interrupting Electricity Period on Electrochemical Chloride Extraction ofReinforced ConcreteM. van Tran, D.V.P. Tran and M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah 342
Compressive Strength of Concrete from Lightweight Bubbles AggregateN. Mohamad Ibrahim, L.Q. Wen, M. Abdul Rahim, K.N. Ismail, R. Che Amat, S. Sallehuddinand N.L. Rahim 348
Effect of Geopolymer Concrete Infill on Profiled Steel Sheeting Half Dry Board (PSSHDB)Floor System Subjected to Bending MomentM.I. Jaffar, W.H. Wan Badaruzzaman, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, K. Kamarulzaman and M. Seraji 354
Durability of Blended PFA and POFA Geopolymer ConcreteM. Azreen and M.W. Hussin 359
Comparative Study Floor Flexural Behavior of Profiled Steel Sheeting Dry Board betweenNormal Concrete and Geopolymer Concrete In-FilledM.I. Jaffar, W.H. Wan Badaruzzaman, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah and R. Abd Razak 364
Usage of Sugarcane Bagasse as an Additive in Building MaterialsM.A. Yahya, M.A. Yusof, N. Ridzuan, M.Y. Yahya and A.A. Ab Aziz 369
The Effect of Steel Fiber as Additional Reinforcement in the Reinforced Concrete BeamM. Abdul Rahim, Z.M. Ghazaly, M. Azizi Azizan, F.A. Ibrahim, N. Mohamad Ibrahim and N.I.Mahmud 373
Geopolymer Application in Soil: A Short ReviewM.S. Abdullah, F. Ahmad and A.M. Mustafa Al Bakri 378
Hydration Kinetics and Strength Development of Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) withDifferent Particle Size as Binary Blended CementA.H. Abdul Ghani, M. Fadzil Arshad, N.A. Salehuddin and A.R. Mohamad Ridzuan 382
New Concrete with Recycled Aggregates from Leftover ConcreteO. Corbu, A. Puskás, A.V. Sandu, A. Ioani, K. Hussin and I.G. Sandu 389
Blended Cement Containing High Volume Ground Dune Sand and Ground GranulatedBlast Furnace Slag for Autoclave Concrete IndustryO.A. Alawad, A. Alhoziamy, M.S. Jaafar, F.N. Abdul Aziz and A. Al-Negheimish 395
The Influence of Chloride Environment on Compressive Strength of Geopolymer Concretewith Fly Ash Using Taguchi ApproachR. Bayuaji, M. Sigit Darmawan, B. Wibowo, N. Ahmad Husin, S. Subekti and J.J. Ekaputri 400
Effect of Alkaline Activator Ratio to Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Concrete withTrass as FillerP. Risdanareni, J.J. Ekaputri and M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah 406
Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Alum Sludge Aggregate ConcreteN.Q.A. Mohd Rajin and R. Hamid 413
Workability and Compressive Strength of Recycled Concrete Waste Aggregate ConcreteR. Ali and R. Hamid 417
Influence of Thermally Activated Alum Sludge Ash on the near Surface Characteristics ofMultiple-Blended Binders ConcretesH.M. Owaid, R. Hamid and M.R. Taha 421
d Advanced Materials Engineering and Technology III
The Behaviour of Rubber Tyre as Fine Aggregate in Concrete MixS. binti Salehuddin, N.L. Rahim, N. Mohamad Ibrahim, S.A.N. Tajri and M.Z. Zainol Abidin 427
Simulation Behavior of Flexure in Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with CarbonFiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)I.H. Alfahdawi and S.A. Osman 432
Axial Load Behavior of Acomposite Wall Strengthened with an Embedded Octagon Cold-Formed SteelS. Jasim Hilo, W.H. Wan Badaruzzaman, S.A. Osman and A.W. Al Zand 437
Bond Strength Characteristic of Concrete Patch Repair Material Made from UnsaturatedPolyester Resin (UPR)-MortarS. Adi Kristiawan and A. Bekti Prakoso 442
Effect of Fly Ash on Compressive Strength and Porosity of Self-Compacting ConcreteSunarmasto and S. Adi Kristiawan 447
A Review of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Lightweight BricksW.M. Wan Ibrahim, K. Hussin, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, A. Abdul Kadir and M. Binhussain 452
Experimental Investigation on the Flexural Behaviour of Patched Reinforced Concrete withUnsaturated Polyester Resin MortarA. Supriyadi, S. Adi Kristiawan and S. Raditya 457
Influence of Soft Clay on Slope StabilityZ. Md Ghazaly, M. Abdul Rahim, N.F. Isa, L.A. Sofri, M. Azizi Azizan and F.A. Ibrahim 463
Properties of Unfired Building Bricks Prepared from Fly Ash and Residual Rice Husk AshC.L. Hwang and T.P. Huynh 468
Instantaneous Deflection of Steel Fibre Reinforced Selfcompacting Concrete BeamsV. Anand, J. Maganti, A. Ibrahim and K.U. Muthu 473
Chapter 3: Semiconductor and Microelectronic Materials
Performance Analysis of Varied Dimensions Piezoelectric Energy HarvesterB.N. Taib, N. Sabani, C.B. Fei, M. Mazalan and M.A. Md Azidin 481
Sn-Cu-Ni (SN100C) Lead-Free Solder Coating Wettability StudyF.A. Mohd Sobri, M.A.A. Mohd Salleh, C.M. Ruzaidi Ghazali and P. Narayanan 489
The Effect of Dipping Time to the Intermetallic Compound and Free Solder Thickness ofSn-Cu-Ni (SN100C) Lead-Free Solder CoatingF.A. Mohd Sobri, M.A.A. Mohd Salleh, C.M. Ruzaidi and P. Narayanan 493
The Characteristics of ZnO Nanorods According to Growth Concentration on PESSubstrateH.M. Lee, S.H. Kim, J.H. Ock, N.W. Jang and H.S. Kim 498
Synthesis of Epoxidised Silsesquioxane Polymer as Negative Photoresist inPhotolithography ApplicationM.R. Ramli, Z. Ahmad and K. Mohamed 502
In Situ Soldering Process Technique by Synchrotron X-Ray ImagingM.A.A. Mohd Salleh, A. Sugiyama, H. Yasuda, S.D. McDonald and K. Nogita 508
Influence of Micron-Size Activated Carbon Additions on the Microstructure,Microhardness and Thermal Properties of Sn-Cu-Ni (SN100C) Solder Fabricated viaPowder Metallurgy MethodM.I. Izwan Ramli, N. Saud, M.A.A. Mohd Salleh, M.N. Derman, R. Mohd Said and N. Nasir 513
Microstructural Observation and Phase Analysis of Sn-Cu-Ni (SN100C) Lead Free Solderwith Addition of Micron-Size Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) ReinforcementM.I. Izwan Ramli, N. Saud, M.A.A. Mohd Salleh, M.N. Derman, R. Mohd Said and N. Nasir 518
Optimization on Conventional Photolithography Process of 0.98 μm Gap Design for MicroGap Biosensor ApplicationM. Zaki, U. Hashim, M.K. Md Arshad, M. Nurfaiz, M.F.M. Fathil, A.H. Azman and R.M. Ayub 524
Influence of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) Addition on Microstructure, Mechanical and ThermalProperties of Sn-0.7Cu Lead-Free SolderN.M. Nasir, N. Saud, M.A.A. Mohd Salleh, M.N. Derman, M.I. Izwan Ramli and R. Mohd Said 530
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sn-1.0Ag-0.7Cu (SAC107) Lead-Free SolderReinforced Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) ParticlesN.M. Nasir, N. Saud, M.A.A. Mohd Salleh, M.N. Derman, M.I. Izwan Ramli and R. Mohd Said 535
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 754-755 e
Organic Solar Cell: An Overview on Performance and Fabrication TechniquesN.B. Idris, M.N. Norizan and I.S. Mohamad 540
Effect of SiC Particles Addition on the Wettability and Intermetallic Compound LayerFormation of Sn-Cu-Ni (SN100C) Solder PasteR. Mohd Said, N. Saud, M.A.A. Mohd Salleh, M.N. Derman, M.I. Izwan Ramli and N.M. Nasir 546
The Influence of Activated Carbon (AC) on Melting Temperature, Wettability andIntermetallic Compound Formation of Sn-Cu-Ni (SN100C) Solder PasteR. Mohd Said, N. Saud, M.A.A. Mohd Salleh, M.N. Derman, M.I. Izwan Ramli and N.M. Nasir 551
Mechanical Properties and Solderability of Robust Sn-0.7Cu Lead-Free Composite SolderS.A. Musa, N. Saud, N.R.A. Razak and K. Hussin 556
Fabrication and Characterization of Doped Polysilicon Nanowire for pH SensorS.C.S. Stephen, M.K. Md Arshad, M.N. Md Nor, M.F.M. Fathil, A.R. Ruslinda and U. Hashim 561
Extraction of Tin (Sn) from Solder Dross by Using Hydrochloric Acid Leaching TreatmentS.A. Ismail, N.H. Jamil, K. Hussin and M.A.A. Mohd Salleh 567
Extraction of Tin (Sn) from Solder Dross by Using Citric Acid Leaching TreatmentS.A. Ismail, N.H. Jamil, K. Hussin and M.A.A. Mohd Salleh 571
Automated Green Sorting Device for Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Material Wastes UsingEddy Current TechniqueR. Zol Bahri and I. Nur Hadzwan 576
Design of Compact Composite Microstrip Low Pass Filter Using MEMS TechnologyH.F. Liew, S.I.S. Hassan, M.F. bin Abd Malek, Y. Wahab, M. Amirruddin, A.Z. Abdullah, M.Irwanto Misrun, G. Nair Shasidharan, M.I. Yusoff and N. Mohd Mukhtar 581
The Study of Al-N Codoped ZnO Thin Films Prepared by DC Magnetron SputteringH. Abdul Hamid and M.N. Abdul Hadi 591
Raman Scattering Characterization of MoxW1-xS2 Layered Mixed CrystalsM.N. Nasruddin, M. Sigiro and M.R. Fahmi 595
The Mechanical Characterization of Bending Test for MEMS Capacitive Pressure SensorBased 3C-SiC in High TemperatureN. Marsi, B. Yeop Majlis, A. Azlan Hamzah and F. Mohd-Yasin 602
Roselle Blend Film Sensor (RBFS) for Detecting Fertilizer Concentration of Grape TreeR. Mustaffa, I. Nainggolan, T.I. Nasution, K.R. Ahmad and N. Derman 606
Characterization of MEMS Materials Using Laser MicromachineS. Johari, M. Mazalan, Y. Sridaran and S.R. Ahmad 612
Chapter 4: Materials Science and Processing, MaterialsCharacterisation - Applied Materials
Effect of Solution Heat Treatment Temperature on Mechanical Property and SiliconMorphology of Cast A319 AlloyD. Murizam, S.B. Jamaludin, J. Noorina Hidayu, C.P. Faizul, M.Z. Ruhiyuddin and W.M. Arif 619
Acrylic Binder Used for the Consolidation of Gilded SurfacesI. Huanu, L. Nica, I. Sandu, V. Vasilache and A.V. Sandu 624
The Improvement of Stainless Steels Processing by AnnealingD.D. Băitanu, D.G. Găluşcă, D.C. Achiţei and M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah 629
Study on Al-Si Alloys Properties EnhancementD.C. Achiţei, P. Vizureanu, M.G. Minciună, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah and I.G. Sandu 634
From Rice Husk into Discreet 0-D Ag/ZnO NanomaterialJ. Andas and N.W. Subri 639
Study of a XVIII-th Century Triptych: Materials and Technologies Used and ConservationStateM. Munteanu, I. Sandu, V. Vasilache, A.V. Sandu, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah and I.C.A. Sandu 644
Automated Calculation of Thermodynamic Potential Applied for Proton ExchangeMembrane (PEM) Fuel CellM.S. bin Ahmad Khiar, M.Z. bin Razali, S. bin Ab Ghani and I. bin Sutan Chairul 649
Transformer Fault Classification from Polarization Current Measurement Results by UsingStatistical TechniqueM.S. bin Ahmad Khiar, M.A. Talib, S. bin Ab Ghani and I. bin Sutan Chairul 654
f Advanced Materials Engineering and Technology III
Effect of Aging Temperature to the Corrosion Behaviour of 5D86 Aluminum AlloyN. Mat Amin, M.N. Derman, J.A. Wahab, Z. Che Daud, W.M.A.W. Ibrahim and H.E. Seong 659
Comparison Characterization of Geopolymer Source Materials for Coating ApplicationN. Fifinatasha, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, C.M.R. Ghazali, K. Hussin, M. Binhussain and A.V.Sandu 664
Adsorption of Reactive Red 120 by Using Regenerated Spent CarbonM. Ridwan Fahmi, M.N. Nasruddin, C.Z.A. Abidin and M.A. Umi Fazara 671
Ultrasonic Irradiation on Microorganism Disruption in Water Disinfection Process – AMini OverviewN. Mat Budari, M.F. Ali, K.H. Ku Hamid and M. Musa 676
Potential of Corn Starch as Fluid Loss Control Agent in Drilling MudN.A. Ghazali, N.H. Alias, T.A.T. Mohd, S.I. Adeib and M.Y. Noorsuhana 682
Study the Properties of Abrasive Stone for Aluminum GrindingN.S. Hasni, N. Hidayu Jamil, A. Chik, W.W. Mohd Arif and H.E. Seong 688
Cure Characteristics, Tensile and Physical Properties of Recycled Natural Rubber LatexGlove (NRL-G) Filled Acrylonitrile Butadiene RubberO.S. Dahham, N.Z. Noriman, S.T. Sam, M.F. Omar and A. Alakrach 693
Fabrication of High Performance Geopolymer Ceramic Part I - Microstructural PropertiesR. Ahmad, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, K. Hussin, A.V. Sandu, M. Binhussain and N.A. Jaya 698
Thermal Degradation of a Wood Painting Support from XIXth CenturyR.A. Cristache, A.V. Sandu, V. Vasilache and I. Sandu 703
Effect of Solid/Liquid Ratio on Mechanical Properties of Kaolin Coated Teak Wood viaGeopolymer TechnologyS. Ramasamy, K. Hussin, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, C.M. Ruzaidi, M. Binhussain and A.V.Sandu 708
Study of Coloured Lakes Used for the Covering of Silver Leaf in Ecclesial Art of the FirstHalf of 19th CenturyA.M. Budu, R. Cristache, A.V. Sandu, V. Vasilache, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah and I. Sandu 714
Green Functionalization of Activated Carbon for Dye Removal ApplicationA.Z. Mohamad Hashim, S. Sufian and M. Shima Shaharun 719
Dimensional Characterization of Surface Contours of Cut Surfaces with Plasma StraightMetallic MaterialsT. Machedon Pisu, K. Hussin and E. Machedon Pisu 724
Chitosan and Bentonite as Coagulant in Dissolved Air Flotation TankM.R.R. Mohd Arif Zainol, H. Mokhtar, S. Sutan, K. Abdul Wahab and M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah 728
The Influence of Sintering Temperature and Mn-Ti Doped BaFe12O19 on the MicrowaveAbsorbing PropertiesM.N. Nasruddin, T.I. Nasution, M.S. Achmad, K. Candra, F.N. Lukman, P. Sebayang and I.Nainggolan 733
Modeling of TiN Coating Grain Size Using RSM ApproachA.S. Mohamad Jaya, M.I. Mohammad Jarrah and M.R. Muhamad 738
Computer Investigation of Tensioned Fabric Structure in the Form of Enneper MinimalSurfaceH.M. Yee, H. Abdul Hamid and M.N. Abdul Hadi 743
Simulation Using Finite Element Analysis in the Optimization of Inflatable Bedpan WallThicknessM. Hakim Ibrahim, S.S.S. Bakar, L. Musa, S. Yahud, S. Zaharah Ahmad, M. Baidi Bahari, Y.Chye Wah and K.V. Sathasivam 747
An Improved Slicing Approach to Automatically Generate Outer-Loop and Inner-Loops ofParting Curves for Complex Tessellated Models in Mold DesignN.H. Quang, T.K. Tuan and K.X. Vien 752
Ab Initio Calculations of Electronic and Magnetic Properties of AlMnO3 PerovskiteManganitesA. Chik, S. Saad, C.K. Yeoh, R.M. Zaki and F. Che Pa 757
Ab Initio Calculations of Electronic Properties of Al Doped LaMnO3 Perovskite ManganitesA. Chik, S. Saad, R.M. Zaki, F. Che Pa and C.K. Yeoh 762
First Principles Calculations of Magnetic Properties of LaMnO3 and La2/3 Al1/3 MnO3Perovskite ManganitesA. Chik, S. Saad, F. Che Pa, C.K. Yeoh and R.M. Zaki 766
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 754-755 g
Control of the Crystal Morphological Characteristic and Size of Nano-PCC via Turbo-Mixing Reactive PrecipitationM.D. Daud, A.N. Hashim, A. Rahmat, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah and A.H.I. Jalauddin 770
Warpage Analysis of Single and Dual Gates Designed for Injection Moulding UsingResponse Surface MethodologyS.M. Nasir, K.A. Ismail, Z. Shayfull and M.A. Fairuz 775
Experimental Determination of Stress and Deformation Pressure in NanostructuringCopper by Multiaxial Forging MethodC. Bejinariu, A.M. Cazac, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, A.V. Sandu and P. Lazar 784
Manufacture of Water Vapour Filter Based on Natural Pahae Zeolite Used for HydrogenFueled Motor CycleT.I. Nasution, Susilawati, F. Zebua, H. Nainggolan and I. Nainggolan 789
Chapter 5: Testing, Analisys and Evaluation of Materials, Improvementof Materials Properties
Study of Hydrogen Cracking and PWHT of Dissimilar Materials for Elevated TemperatureApplicationM. Sarwar and M.A. bin Abd Majid 797
The Effect of Thicknesses on Impact Damage Advanced Composite Material for AircraftApplicationA.R. Syayuthi, Haftirman, K.S. Basaruddin and M.S. Abdul Manan 802
Estimating of Cherenkov Radiation in Extensive Air Showers Using CORSIKA Code forTunka133 EAS Cherenkov ArrayA.A. Al-Rubaiee, U. Hashim, M.K. Md Arshad, A. Rahim Ruslinda, R.M. Ayub, A.S. Ibraheam,M. Wesam Al-Mufti, Y. Al-Douri, M. Ali Abed and S. Hussein Ali 807
LN2 Grinding of Ti 6Al-4V Using Novel Bondless Diamond Grinding WheelE. Ananda Kumar, K. Prahalada Rao and A. Johnrajan 812
Flutter Analysis of an Aircraft Wing Using Computational Fluid DynamicsA. Kumar Sinha, E. Ananda Kumar and A. Johnrajan 817
The Structural Properties Evaluation on Ultra-Thin Surfacing Hot Mixture AsphaltConcreteA. Budiarto, H.R. Purnomo and A. Setyawan 828
Cementitious Composites Using Recycled WasteA. Puskás, O. Corbu, A.V. Sandu and M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah 833
Experimental Studies on the Effects of Tin on the Densification of W-Brass CompositesB. Gowon, K.S. Mohammed, S.B. Jamaluddin, Z. Hussain, A.D. Aminu and Y.A. Lawal 838
Failure Behavior of Aircraft Sandwich Panels under Bending LoadHaftirman, K.S. Basaruddin, A.R. Syayuthi and M.S. Fartini 844
Investigation of H13 Alloy Cutter Behaviour for Hard Rock Tunneling ApplicationsH. Hoang, R. Østhus, H. Lange, E. Grøv and S. Smading 849
Studying Effect Dimensions of Design and Simulation Silicon Nanowire Filed EffectBiosensorM. Wesam Al-Mufti, U. Hashim, M.M. Rahman, T. Adam, M.K. Md Arshad, A. Rahim Ruslindaand R.M. Ayub 854
Investigating the Characteristics of Longitudinal Profile of Primary Particles in ExtensiveAir ShowersA.A. Al-Rubaiee, U. Hashim, M.K. Md Arshad, A. Rahim Ruslinda, R.M. Ayub, A. Wesam Al-Mufti, Y. Al-Douri and A.J. Altaiee 859
The Influence of Spraying Distance on the Chemical Composition of Arc Sprayed LayersI.S. Georgescu, S.I. Ursache, E.R. Baciu, D. Hriţcu, A.V. Sandu and C. Baciu 865
Effect of Carbon Molecular Sieve (CMS) Concentration on Mixed Matrix Membranes(MMMs) Performance for Carbon Dioxide RemovalR. Nasir, H. Mukhtar, M. Shima Shaharun and Z. Man 869
The Study of Damage Area and Non-Destructive Testing on Glass Fibre Reinforce Polymerafter Low Velocity Impact EventN. Razali and M.T.H. Sultan 874
h Advanced Materials Engineering and Technology III
Synthesis and Studies on the Effect of Phenyl Side – Chain Content on Refractive Index ofPolysiloxane ResinR. Ramli, N. Chee Mang, Z. Ahmad, M. Jaafar and M.R.R. Mohd Arif Zainol 881
The Influence of Geopolymerization Process on Liquid and Plastic Limits of SoilsS.Z. Syed Zuber, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah, K. Hussin, F. Ahmad and M. Binhussain 886
A Study on Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel in Artificial Solution of Geopolymer Pasteby Open Circuit PotentialF.F. Zainal, K. Hussin, A. Rahmat, M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah and A.V. Sandu 892
Attenuation Function Relationship for Far Field Earthquake Considered by Strike SlipMechanismS. Wan Ahmad, A. Adnan, R. Mohd Noor, K. Muthusamy, S.M.S. Razak, A. Taib and M.Z.A.Mohd Zahid 897
Improvement on the Catalytic Performance Using Dual Lipases System in the Synthesis ofFerulate EstersS. Mat Radzi, N.J. Abd Rahman, H. Mohd Noor and N. Ariffin 902
Effect of Sintering Temperature on Different Ca Content in Mg-Ca Composite UsingPowder Metallurgy TechniqueM.S. Syaza Nabilla, C.D. Zuraidawani and M.N. Derman 907
Experimental Investigation of In Situ Soot Oxidation Using Electromagnetic WavesZ.A. Abdul Karim and M.H. bin Haron 912
Characterization of Difference Size of IDE Pattern for Formaldehyde Detection SensorM. Zaki, U. Hashim, M.K. Md Arshad, M.F.M. Fathil, A.H. Azman and R.M. Ayub 917
Filling the Missing Data of Air Pollutant Concentration Using Single Imputation MethodsN.M. Noor, A.S. Yahaya, N.A. Ramli and M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah 923
Chapter 6: Biomedical Materials and Biotechnology
Machining Performance Study of a New Palm Oil Based Bio-Product Industrial WaxB. Rajamony, A.N.M. Khalil and K.A. Ismail 935
Spinach Ferredoxin (Fdx) as an Organic Material to Improve Optical Band Gap ofChitosan (Cs) BiofilmD.S. Chandrasakaran, I. Nainggolan, M.N. Derman and T.I. Nasution 939
The Effects of Branched-Tail Structure of Surfactant on the Phase Behaviour ofAlkylglucoside/Water/n-Octane Ternary SystemI. Nainggolan, S. Radiman, A.S. Hamzah and R. Hashim 944
Adsorptive Removal of Ni2+ from Aqueous Solution Using Rice Husk-Based ActivatedCarbonM.F. Taha, A.S. Shuib, M.S. Shaharun and A. Borhan 950
Mercerization Effect on Morphology and Tensile Properties of Roselle FibreR. Nadlene, S.M. Sapuan, M. Jawaid and M.R. Ishak 955
Application of Process Control in Production of Biocellulose: A Case StudyN. Abd Rahman, M.A.A. Mohd Azmi, M.I. Ahmad Zainuri, S.L. Laing, N. Kasim, J. Givajothiand F. Esa 960
Synthesis and Characterization of Sol-Gel Derived SiO2-CaO GlassS.A. Syed Nuzul Fadzli, S. Roslinda and Z. Firuz 964
Comparative Study of Water Quality due to Retting of Crushed and Uncrushed KenafStemsS.A. Ghazali, R.M. Tajuddin, N.H.A. Halim, J.M. Jani and S.A.S. Abdullah 969
Processing of Apatite-Wollastonite (AW) Glass-Ceramic for Three Dimensional Printing(3DP)N. Alharbi, S.F. Khan, O. Bretcanu and K.W. Dalgarno 974
In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity Evaluation of Dental Leucite Glass-Ceramics fromLocal High Grade Silica SandS.M.A. Bt Saiyed Mohd Nurddin and M.B. Selamat 979
Indirect Additive Manufacturing Processing of Poly-Lactide-co-GlycolideS.F. Khan, M.J. German and K.W. Dalgarno 985
Waste to Wealth for the Edible Bird Nest IndustryZ. Hamzah, S. Jeyaraman, O. Hashim and K. Hussin 990
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 754-755 i
A Study of PM Mg-HAP Composite: Corrosion and Microstructural EvaluationZ. Che Daud, F. bin Fuad and M.N. Derman 998
Screening for Ibuprofen-Sachharin Co-Crystal Formation in Wet MillingS. Abd Hashib, N. Anuar, N. Jamburi, N.F. Ahmad and S. Abd Rahim 1002
Pyrolysis of Imperata cylindrica with Varies Parameters and its CharacterizationM.H. Fatin, N.Z. Noriman, M.Z. Salihin, N.R. Munirah and M.F. Omar 1007
Kinetic Mechanism on Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticle from Reduction Reaction - Effectof TemperatureN. Mohd Yusof, J. Jai, A. Hafizie Zaini, N.H. Alias, N.A. Ghazali and S.A. binti Idris 1012
Mechanical Behaviour of CoCrMo Alloy with Si ContentP. Vizureanu, M.G. Minciună, D.C. Achiţei, A.V. Sandu and K. Hussin 1017
Cellulosic Materials Characterisation of Kenaf Core from Retting Process Using ThermalAnalysisA. Nor Munirah, M.T. Ramlah and A. Sharifah 1023
Solubility Determination of Tamarind Seeds Extracts by Using Supercritical CO2ExtractionS.A. binti Idris, S.A. Jantan, A. Nur Hashimah, N. Mohd Yusof, G. Nurul Aimi and E. Yahya 1028
Synthesis of Zeolites from Treated Oil Palm AshC.P. Faizul, C. Abdullah and B. Fazlul 1035
Antibacterial Activity of Different Biomass Components of Cerbera odollam and theirPotential to Be Used as New Preservative for Wood Based ProductsM.H.M. Amini, R. Hashim, N.S. Sulaiman, O. Sulaiman, S.F. Sulaiman, F. Abood, F. Kawamura,R. Wahab, M. Mohamed and M.S.M. Rasat 1040
Antimicrobial Protein Produced by Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 in the Presence ofCymbopogon Sp. Essential OilsH. Mohd Noor, H.S. Muhamad, I.N.A. Ismail, A.M.S. Shukri, S. Mat Radzi, M.M. Rehan andA.J.A. Kader 1045
Isolation of Potential Alkaliphilic Cellulase-Producer Strains from Limestone Area of PerlisN. Zainuddin, K.H. Abd Rahman, A. Razak Shaari and S.J.H. Mohd Yusof 1054
An Investigation on Rigidity of Ball-Socket Hip Joint ReplacementM. Normahira, A.Z. Ahmad Firdaus and G.N. Molijol 1059
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Functional Properties of Mango(Mangifera indica L. var Perlis Sunshine) Peel Flour (MPF)S.A.A. Noor, N.M. Siti and N.J. Mahmad 1065
Corrosion Studies of Gadolinium Based Anodic Coating on AZ91D Magnesium Alloy forBiomedical ImplantM.N. Nurul Atirah, S. Norbahiyah, M.M. Mukridz, A.B. Sanuddin, A. Sa’adah and M.Z.M.Zamzuri 1071
Growth Kinetic Study on Lyophilized and Cryopreserved Pleurotus sajor-caju SpawnS.A. Mohd Shayuti, S.F. Chong, Z. Zakaria, D. Arbain and N.D. Yaacob 1076
Evaluation of Potential Alternative Ingredients for Formulation of Fish FeedS.N.I. Naqtahnain Hamid, S.J.H. Mohd Yusof, Z. Zakaria and R. Abdullah 1081
An Efficient Scheduling Technique for Biological Sequence AlignmentM.N. Md Isa, S.A. Zainol Murad, M.I. Ahmad, M.M. Ramli and R. Che Ismail 1087
Corrosion Behavior of Porous Mg Alloy in Simulated Body FluidH.Z. Nurul, C.C. Lee, S. Norbahiyah, A.B. Sanuddin and M.Z. Zamzuri 1093
Nanoemulsion Formulation Using Biodegradable Oil in Enhance Oil Recovery (EOR)Y. Effah, H.A. Nur, A.G. Nurul, A.T.M. Tengku and O. Hafizzuddin 1098
Extraction of Oil from Jatropha curcas L. Seed and Kernel at Supercritical Hexane viaHigh-Temperature High-Pressure Batch Wise Reactor SystemM.A.M. Ishak, H.H. Hussain, K. Ismail, W.I. Nawawi, Z.A. Ghani and A.Y. Ani 1102
Optimization of Linoleic Acid Monoepoxidation Condition from Malaysian Jatropha curcasUsing Central Composite Design (CCD)R. Abdullah, J. Salimon and A.A. Ahmad 1107
Chapter 7: Thin Films and Nanoengineering
j Advanced Materials Engineering and Technology III
Effect of Copper Concentration on Characterization of Cu2Zn0.8Cd0.2SnS4 Pentrary AlloyNanostructuresA.S. Ibraheam, Y. Al-Douri and U. Hashim 1115
pH Measurement Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Thin Film Based SensorsA.Y.P. Puah, S. Nadzirah, M.K. Md Arshad, R.M. Ayub, A. Rahim Ruslinda and U. Hashim 1120
Synthesis of Nanoporous Zinc Oxide by Anodizing of Zinc in Distilled WaterC.H. Voon, M.N. Derman, U. Hashim, B.Y. Lim, S.T. Sam, K.L. Foo and S.T. Ten 1126
Effect of Temperature of Distilled Water on the Morphology of Nanoporous Zinc OxideSynthesized by AnodizingC.H. Voon, B.Y. Lim, U. Hashim, M.K. Md Arshad, S.T. Sam, K.L. Foo and S.T. Ten 1131
Nanostructured Copper Coating Used as Textured Structure for cBN and TiN Hard PhaseDepositionC. Samoilă, D. Ursutiu, M. Dudită, V. Jinga and M.M. Al Bakri Abdullah 1136
Characterization of Cuprous Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Spin CoatingTechnique with Different AdditivesD.S.C. Halin, K.R. Ahmad, K. Hussin, I.A. Talib, A.R. Daud, M.A.A. Hamid and A.V. Sandu 1141
Langmuir-Blodgett Film of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Hydrogen Sensor on PaperM.M. Ramli, S.S. Mat Isa, M.N. Md Isa, S.R. Kasjoo and S.J. Henley 1146
Tuning Graphene Surface Resistance for a 52 GHz Nano-AntennaA.A.M. Ezanuddin and A.H. Ismail 1151
Functionalization of Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes Using Nitric Acid OxidationS.S. Ba Hashwan, M.F. Fatin, A.R. Ruslinda, M.K. Md Arshad, U. Hashim and R.M. Ayub 1156
Nanoemulsion Applications in Enhanced Oil Recovery and Wellbore Cleaning: AnOverviewN. Hashimah Alias, N. Aimi Ghazali, T. Amran Tengku Mohd, S. Adieb Idris, E. Yahya and N.Mohd Yusof 1161
Investigation of Nanostructure and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline NiZnCuFerrites Synthesized by Sol-Gel MethodP. Pransisco, A. Shafie and B.H. Guan 1169
Chapter 8: Energy, Solar and Optical Materials
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Using Syzygium Cumini Fruit as Natural Dye Utilizing TitaniumDioxideN.A.M. Ahmad Hambali, N. Roshidah, M. Norhafiz Hashim and S.S. Mat Isa 1177
Effects of Indium (In) to the Efficiency Tandem Cell Ga1-xInxP/Silicon for Solar CellApplicationS.M. Zahari, R.A.M. Osman, M.N. Norizan, I.S. Mohamad, A. Malini and S. Taking 1182
Structural Analysis of LiNi0.7Mn0.3O2 as Cathode Material for Rechargeable Lithium-IonBatteriesY.M. Chin, R.A.M. Osman and M.S. Idris 1187
Annealing Effect on Titanium Dioxide Layer in Paired Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes -Graphene as Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Working ElectrodeS.S. Mat Isa, M.R. Muda, M.M. Ramli and N.A.M. Hambali 1191
Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Modified TiO2 on Photoluminescence Property andPhotocatalytic ActivityW.I. Nawawi, M.A. Nawi and M.A.M. Ishak 1197
Carbon Coated TiO2 and it Application on Photodegradation of 4-Chlorophenol underSolar IrradiationW.I. Nawawi, H.K.N. Mahrouqi, M.A. Nawi, M.A.M. Ishak, A.H. Jawad and K. Ismail 1202