Adult Education in Southeast Asia and the Pacific

8/15/2019 Adult Education in Southeast Asia and the Pacific

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ADULT EDUCATION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE P ACIFIC

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND SUPPORT MODELS TOWARDS LIFELONG

LEARNING

EDITED BY HERIBERT HINZEN & JOACHIM H. K NOLL

Sponsored by


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This book is adapted from the English translation of texts that appeared in “Bildung

und Erziehung”, 4 / 2011.

“Bildung und Erziehung” is a major German journal on educational sciences, being

established already 65 years ago. It has a strong bearing on the wide sector of

education, learning, and training, with an emphasis on comparative andinternational aspects.

The journal is published by a board of academics and professors of a diverse range

of subjects, and several universities.

Boehlau Verlag GmbH & Cie, Koeln, Weimar, Wien is the publishing house. Further

information www.boehlau-verlag.com

This English version is published bydvv international

through its Regional Office forSouth and South East Asia.

dvv international is the Institute for International Cooperation of the German Adult

Education Association (DVV). Education is a universal human right. The promotion

of the development through cooperation in youth and adult education is the aim of

dvv international. To support women and gender equality in literacy and vocational

training are priorities of non-formal education in the Lao PDR. The Regional Office

of dvv international for South and South East Asia is based in the Lao German

Development Cooperation framework, and operates from Vientiane.

The English version has been organized by Laura Salomons while being an intern indvv international office in Vientiane. She has prepared the layout, designed the

cover, and included the texts and abstracts which were translated for Lao language

by Khanthong Inthachack, for Khmer by Lay Vutha, and for English by Mathias

Pfeifer and Laura Salomons.

Earlier English editions of German versions of Bildung und Erziehung were

published by dvv international in its series INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES IN

ADULT EDUCATION as

– Migration and Integration as a Topic of Adult and Continuing Education

and – Adult Education and Continuing Education Policy: Science in between Society

and Politics

both edited by Heribert Hinzen and Joachim H. Knoll

For more information: www.dvv-international.la

If you are interested in receiving additional copies please write to

[email protected]

The contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect

the views of dvv international .

This publication has been financed by dvv international.

http://www.boehlau-verlag.com/http://www.dvv-international.la/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.dvv-international.la/http://www.boehlau-verlag.com/


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"homa$ &ohlmann

CURRENT SITUATION OF THE TVET SECTOR IN LAO PDR WITHSPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE EDUCATION OF VOCATIONALTEACHERS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"!

Heribert Hinzen

ADULT EDUCATION( DEVELOPMENT AND COOPERATION- NEWORIENTATIONS OF DVV INTERNATIONAL IN SOUTH ANDSOUTHEAST ASIA AND ITS REGIONAL AND COUNTRY+SPECIFICPRIORITIES!!!!!!!!!!""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

.#

%/%


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Heribert Hinzen/ Joachim H. Knoll

ADULT EDUCATION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE

PACIFIC

Introduction to th issu

Th rsu0ts o1 2 sur34 co55issiond 64 th &7r6r Found2tion

h23 6n rcnt04 8u60ishd undr th tit0 9Prc8tions o1 Asi2

64 th Gr52n 0it:" Th sur34( conductd in A8ri0 2nd M24 /;%%

64 E5ind( co3rd 25on=

th5 ?/ M56rs o1 th $undst2=@ 2nd 6usinss r8rsnt2+

ti3s:"% So5 o1 th rsu0ts 2r t2n u8 hr in ordr to undr0in

th r032nc 2nd di5nsions o1 our s8ci20 issu"

Th sur34 r320s-

- 9"""Gr52n 0its 10 co582r2ti304 B00+in1or5d 26out

d30o85nts in th F2r E2st( 3n 6ttr th2n th situ2tion in

E2strn Euro8"

- Th ris o1 Asi2 is considrd 2 ch2nc 1or Gr52n4" Asi2s +

8ort 52rts( tr2d 82rtnrs 2nd 1in2nci2004 8oBr1u0 in3stors

2s B00 2s 8urch2srs o1 cor8or2t 2nd =o3rn5nt 6onds 2r

o1 =r2t i58ort2nc" HoB3r( Asi2 is 20so considrd 2 4

=rnhous+=2s 5ittr 2nd 2 co58titor in th 80oit2tion o1

dBind0in= rsourcs"

- In 1utur( Chin2 Bi00 8024 64 12r th 5ost i58ort2nt ro0 1or Gr+52n4 2nd Euro8( cono5ic2004 2nd 8o0itic2004" Indi2 2nd 282n(

64 contr2st( 2r on04 o1 scond2r4 i58ort2nc( Bhi0 Indonsi2

is h2rd04 8rci3d 2s 2 si=ni1ic2nt 12ctor"

- """With incr2sin= B20th Asi2 6co5s 5or d5ocr2tic"

- P2rtnrshi8+62sd coo8r2tion Bith Asi2 is considrd ncs+

s2r4 in ordr to t2c0 =0o620 ch200n=s( such 2s c0i52t ch2n=


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4

2nd 1in2nci20 52rt st26i0it4"""

- Euro8 shou0d rs8ond to th ris o1 Asi2( i"" 8ursu c0osr

coo8r2tion Bith Asi2n countris 2s B00 2s stron=r di80o52tic

co55it5nt"""- Gr52n4 shou0d r04 on 2 co55on Euro82n Union 8o0ic4 to+

B2rds Asi2"""9

In th 1o00oBin=( th 1ocus Bi00 not rst on i58rssions 2nd r20itis

o1 hi=h+030 8o0itics" R2thr( it is 2tt58td to =i3 2 c02rr 8ictur

o1 d30o85nt coo8r2tion in th 2r2( 2nd hoB to 2ccss in1or+

52tion 26out r=ions 2nd countris Bhich h23 rci3d 0itt02ttntion so 12r( thus r2isin= our 2B2rnss o1 th situ2tion thr(

in tr5s o1 cono5ic d30o85nt 2nd duc2tion 8o0icis" It is

shoBn hoB duc2tion20 scinc 2nd duc2tion 8o0ic4 in th 1r25+

Bor o1 th Mi00nniu5 D30o85nt Go20s >Unitd N2tions su5+

5it /;;;@ 2nd th Educ2tion 1or A00 =o20s >Wor0d Educ2tion Fo+

ru5( D22r( /;;;@ c2n contri6ut to rducin= =0o620 8o3rt4"/

Th 8osition o1 duc2tion Bithin d30o85nt coo8r2tion r+52ins dis8utd( 6oth on th sid o1 donor institutions 2nd donor

countris" At 02st rhtoric2004 duc2tion h2s 6n considrd i5+

8ort2nt 2nd 3n 2 4 to d30o85nt( 2s it rndrs 8ossi60 th

1u00 r20is2tion o1 othr d30o85nt sctors" Th #e )acto 0oB 8ri+

orit4 =i3n to duc2tion( on th othr h2nd( is 2882rnt Bhn t2+

in= its 0oB sh2rs o1 rs8cti3 6ud=t 200oc2tions into 2ccount"

Youth 2nd 2du0t duc2tion h2s 6n 82rticu02r04 0oB on th 8ri+orit4 sttin= du to th stron= co58tition Bith othr d30o85nt

sctors" It is i58ort2nt to not( hoB3r( th2t th UNESCO Intrn2+

tion20 Con1rncs on Adu0t Educ2tion >CONFINTEA@ 6rou=ht 1or+

B2rd crt2in 2r=u5nts 1or n2tion20 discussions" Th A=nd2 1or

th Futur( 1or inst2nc( 2do8td in %.., 2t th CONFITEA V in

H256ur=( r10cts hoB Bid 2nd d8 th undrst2ndin= o1 2du0t


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duc2tion Bithin th 0i10on= 02rnin= 1r25Bor h2s 20r2d4 d+

30o8d"#

In th 1i0d o1 2du0t duc2tion( in th contt o1 scinti1ic d+

62ts( 2nd throu=h 0o664 2ssoci2tions ' in Gr52n4 1irst 2nd 1or+5ost th Gr52n Adu0t Educ2tion Associ2tion >DVV@ '( thr h2s

6n no

short2= o1 2tt58ts to 8rsnt to th 8u60ic hoB 2du0t duc2tion

2s 2 disci80in 2s B00 2s in 8r2ctic h2s 20r2d4 8ntr2td th

r205s o1 soci20 inc0usion( n3iron5nt20 2nd h20th duc2tion(

02n=u2= tr2inin=( 0itr2c4 2nd 62sic duc2tion( 5i=r2tion 2nd int+

=r2tion( 2nd con10ict 8r3ntion" In1or52tion 26out ths nB tr+r2ins o1 2du0t duc2tion B2s 1urthr diss5in2td to th 8u60ic in

th contt o1 th %#th Gr52n Adu0t Educ2tion Con1rnc in

/;%%"<

Currnt04( 2 r3ision o1 t2ss Bithin th d30o85nt coo8r2+

tion sctor is discrni60" Str2t=is 2r 6in= discussd th2t 8oint

toB2rds =r2tr considr2tion o1 duc2tion( s8ci2004 throu=h th

0i10on= 02rnin= 5od0" Whn 0i10on= 02rnin= is undrstood 2s 2n9duc2tion20 ch2in:( 2s out0ind in 2n 2r04 Rco55nd2tion on

th D30o85nt o1 Adu0t Educ2tion 64 th UNESCO( Bhr 3r4

0in o1 th ch2in is connctd( 2nd 2t th s25 ti5( is 2n ntit4 in

its01( thn th duc2tion sctors >ch2in 0ins@ 8ri52r4 duc2tion(

scond2r4 duc2tion( th trti2r4 duc2tion sctor >hi=hr duc2+

tion@ 2nd u2trn2r4 duc2tion sctor >2du0t duc2tion@( h23 to 6

considrd 2s 2 Bho0" This in turn h2s to 6 r10ctd in th r+s8cti3 1undin= 8o0icis" In2s5uch 2s B corrct04 =r2s8 th nB

str2t=is 1or th d30o85nt coo8r2tion( this is 8rcis04 th

cours 562rd u8on" So5 rsr32tions 2nd critic20 3iBs in this

rs8ct 2r 8rsntd in this issu 64 o2chi5 H" &no00"

Th Gr52n 82r0i25nt h2s 2do8td 2 8ionrin= ro0 in this

8rocss" In th rso0ution o1 th Gr52n $undst2= 9Strn=thnin=

Educ2tion in D30o8in= 2nd Countris in Tr2nsition ' Adustin=


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6

2nd Incr2sin= E11cti3nss o1 Educ2tion M2surs:( 1ro5 %* un

/;%;( it is 2r=ud 2t th outst th2t 9Gr52n4 is r0i2nt to considr

duc2tion 2s 2 cntr20 2s8ct o1 its 1ori=n 2nd d30o85nt 8o0ic4

2nd to sh28 it in 1utur:" It 1o00oBs 2 dt2i0d r3iB o1 th 32rious8ro=r255s( Bhich h23 6n 02unchd durin= th 02st dc2d 6ut

12i0d to 02d to th 2ntici82td succss 2nd outco5s" Th 1u00

r2n= o1 duc2tion sctors 2nd t2ss 2r 5ntiond th2t 2r to

52 contri6utions to d30o85nt coo8r2tion( s82nnin= 1ro5

8ri52r4 2nd scond2r4 duc2tion( 3oc2tion20 tr2inin=( hi=hr du+

c2tion 2nd rs2rch( t2chr tr2inin= 2nd 0itr2c4" In th 1in20 ch28+

tr(


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7

To su5 u8( 2 hi=h d=r o1 currnt r032nc o1 th to8ic is dis+

crni60 2t tBo 030s- 2@ th i58ort2nc o1 Asi2 in th 4s o1 th

Gr52n 0its( 2nd 6@ 2s 2n out0oo on 200 1or5s o1 0i10on= 02rnin=

in th d30o85nt coo8r2tion"

C0osr 25in2tion o1 th to8ic-

On04 in th %.K;s did 2du0t duc2tion in South2st Asi2 2nd th P2+

ci1ic 6co5 2 su6ct o1 discussion in th Gr52n >2du0t@ duc2+

tion20 scinc 2nd co582r2ti3 duc2tion" Th rs2rch 64 Ptr

F2i0r on M2024si2 >Co0o=n %.K%@ 52rs th st2rtin= 8oint( 2nd( 2t

th s25 ti5( r556rs us to 23oid sB8in= =nr20is2tions o1th r=ion" Di11rncs in tr5s o1 soci20 structur( 1or5s o1 =o3rn+

5nt( 02n=u2=( 2nd r0i=ion 6tBn countris 0i Indi2 2nd L2os(

C256odi2 2nd th Phi0i88ins( or th So0o5on Is02nds 2nd NB

J202nd( 2r 8ro1ound 2nd o1tn un6rid=260" M2nBhi0( rco=+

nisd 2du0t duc2tion 8o0icis 2nd 8r2ctic h2s d30o8d in th

Asi2n r=ion ' not 02st 6c2us o1 th 0on=st2ndin= coo8r2tion

2nd th 52n4 oint initi2ti3s o1 th Institut 1or Intrn2tion20 Co+o8r2tion o1 th Gr52n Adu0t Educ2tion Associ2tion >#'' interna*

tional @ 2nd th Asi2n South P2ci1ic Associ2tion 1or $2sic 2nd Adu0t

Educ2tion >ASP$AE@" Asi2 is thus on its B24 to 8024 2n i58ort2nt

ro0 in th intrn2tion20 2du0t duc2tion 2rn2" ASP$AE 524 6

considrd 2s th 6rothr or sistr o1 th Euro82n Associ2tion 1or

th Educ2tion o1 Adu0ts >EAEA@" Foundd in %.?< 2nd %.*#( r+

s8cti304( 6oth 2ssoci2tions 52d dcisi3 contri6utions to th s+t260ish5nt o1 th Intrn2tion20 Counci0 1or Adu0t Educ2tion >ICAE@

in %.,#"K Th su6tit0 o1 this issu ' S+$tem e'elo-ment an#

S%--ort Mo#el$ "oar#$ Li)elon(' 2s B00 2s th 58h2sis on 4outh

2nd 2du0t duc2tion in th contt o1 intrn2tion20 duc2tion 2nd

d30o85nt =o20s( s456o0isd 64 MDG( CONFINTEA 2nd EFA( 2r

hnc usti1id"


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8

Rturnin= to th st2rt o1 this discussion( it is BorthBhi0 to

c0osr 25in on i58ort2nt 8rocss th2t h2s 20r2d4 c28turd

th 0its( 6ut Bhich nds to 802c 5or 2ttntion on so5 sctors

o1 th duc2tion 2nd d30o85nt coo8r2tion 1i0ds- th ASEM8rocss( 2cron45 1or th Asi2+Euro8 Mtin=" In th 6=innin=(

ASEM c0usi304 co3rd 556r st2ts o1 th Associ2tion o1

South E2st Asi2n N2tions >ASEAN@ 2nd th EU" A0thou=h th co5+

82rison shou0d not 6 t2n too 12r( crt2in si5i02ritis to th Eu+

ro82n Econo5ic Co55unit4( th 8rdcssor o1 th EU( 2r 3i+

dnt( such 2s th co55on initi20 1ocus on cono5ic issus" HoB+

3r( ust 2s Bith th Euro82n Econo5ic Co55unit4( this h2sch2n=d r28id04" Structur20 t2ss 2nd th =o20s o1 co55on 1ori=n

2nd duc2tion 8o0icis 2r 2t th cntr o1 d62ts" It is thr1or

not sur8risin= th2t th ASEM 8rocss d8ns 2nd Bidns( 2nd

non+EU st2ts such 2s Russi2( or non+ASEAN st2ts 0i Chin2 2nd

Indi2( 2s B00 2s countris in th P2ci1ic 0i Austr20i2 2nd NB J2+

02nd( h23 20r2d4 oind ASEM" Th Fdr20 Ministr4 o1 Educ2tion

2nd Rs2rch >$M$F@ 1in2ncs th ASEM Educ2tion Scrt2ri2t 2ndh2s 802cd it in th Gr52n Ac2d5ic Ech2n= Sr3ic >DAAD@". It

is ssnti20 th2t 4outh 2nd 2du0t duc2tion =2ins rco=nition in th

ASEM 8rocss( Bhi0 3oc2tion20 duc2tion( u20i1ic2tion 1r25+

Bors( 2nd 0i10on= 02rnin= 2r 20r2d4 6in= considrd 2nd 2r

not in nd o1 5or 2d3oc2c4 2nd 0o664in= 11orts"

This issu is or=2nisd in th 1o00oBin= 52nnr- First( o2chi5 H"

&no00 discusss 2du0t duc2tion 2nd 0i10on= 02rnin= in th contto1 =0o620 d62ts on duc2tion( d30o85nt( 2nd th 32rious in+

trn2tion20 8o0ic4 2=nd2s( 1ro5 UNESCO 2nd CONFINTEA to EFA

2nd MDGs" S8ci20 2ttntion is =i3n to th situ2tion in Gr52n4(

Bhr duc2tion 2nd soci20 structur 2s B00 2s =o3rn5nt(

church 2nd ci3i0 socit4 initi2ti3s 2r i58ort2nt 2s8cts o1 d30+

o85nt 8o0ic4"


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9

A contnt 2n204sis o1 $i0dun= und Erihun= Bou0d 6rin= to 0i=ht

to Bh2t tnt th Asi2 P2ci1ic r=ion h2s 6n co3rd so 12r" In

this issu( tBo 2rtic0s 20on 1ocus on this r=ion( 82rt04 du to

ASP$AEs intrst 2nd n=2=5nt thr"%; S2nd4 Morrison 2ndTi5ot Vio0ti( 6oth 1ro5 th Uni3rsit4 o1 NB J202nd( shoB th2t

duc2tion 8rocsss c0os04 r02td to conc8ts o1 0i10on= 02rnin=

ist in tr2dition20 cu0turs" $oth 2uthors h23 2 s8ci20 intrst in

th to8ic du to thir indi=nous 62c=rounds" Th 2rtic0 on th

So0o5on Is02nds 1ro5 Louis E00rton( $rni Lo3=ro3 2nd

o2nn2 Lindnr is hi=h04 intrstin= 2s it introducs th rsu0ts o1 2

co58rhnsi3 58iric20 sur34 th2t r320s i58ort2nt insi=hts"Th 1indin=s indic2t 2 12i0ur in 2chi3in= 8ctd hi=h 0itr2c4

r2ts ds8it 200 th 8ro=rss 52d durin= th 82st dc2ds"

Thus( 2du0t 0itr2c4 is =oin= to r52in 2 =0o620 ch200n=" Th

circu02tin= 1i=ur o1 ,*; 5i00ion to % 6i00ion i00itr2ts or s5i+0it+

r2ts s5s incrdi604 hi=h" Most o1 ths 8o80 0i3 in South

Asi2( Bhich is Bh4 it is intrstin= to c2st 2 =02nc 2t nB 28+

8ro2chs in 2du0t 0itr2c4 rs2rch 2nd 8r2ctic in s0ctd coun+tris o1 this r=ion( 8rsntd 64 M2thi2s P1i1r"

Tho52s $oh052nn 25ins 3oc2tion20 t2chr tr2inin= in L2os(

2nd 8uts it into contt o1 3oc2tion20 tr2inin= in =nr20 2s B00 2s

026our 52rt d30o85nts" Surroundd 64 Chin2( Vitn25( C25+

6odi2( Th2i02nd( 2nd M42n52r( L2os 12cs i55ns in10uncs(

52n2tin= 1or inst2nc 1ro5 th 026our 52rts o1 its ni=h6ours

or 3oc2tion20 tr2inin= 8ro=r255s o1 intrn2tion20 d30o85nt2=ncis" Th 2rtic0 discusss 58iric20 d2t2( co00ctd in th

1r25Bor o1 2 tr2cr stud4( indic2tin= th c2rr 82ths 2nd 2tti+

tuds o1 thos tr2ind to 6co5 3oc2tion20 tr2inin= t2chrs"

In th 1in20 ch28tr( Hri6rt Hinn t2s u8 so5 issus 1ro5

o2chi5 H" &no00s 2rtic0" Throu=h his dissrt2tion on Adu0t Educ2+

tion 2nd D30o85nt in T2n2ni2 h h2s 52d contri6utions to

th discussion on duc2tion 2nd d30o85nt sinc th %.,;s" And


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10

sinc %.,, h Bors 1or th Gr52n Adu0t Educ2tion Associ2tions

in th 1i0d o1 intrn2tion20 coo8r2tion" His 2rtic0 i00u5in2ts th

historic20 62c=round o1 #'' international 2nd th ori=ins o1 its n+

=2=5nt in Asi2" Furthr5or( h 1ocuss on th st260ish5nt o1th #'' international R=ion20 O11ic in Vinti2n( L2os( 2nd its

Bor thr( 2s B00 2s th nB st2rt in C256odi2( 2nd th ch2n=

Bith countris in th r=ion" It is out0ind th2t th 8rocss o1 r+

=ion20 int=r2tion t2in= 802c is 2 4 1orc in sttin= to8ics 2nd

st2nd2rds" #'' international ( 56ddd in th Gr52n 2nd intrn2+

tion20 duc2tion 2nd d30o85nt coo8r2tion( 8024s 2 ro0 in

sh28in= this 8rocss"

Nots

% D2s Asin6i0d dutschr E0itn( &7r6r+Sti1tun=( H256ur= /;%%( < 1d2t2 st 232i0260 in Gr52n 02n=u2= onBBB"or6r+sti1tun="dstudi+"2sin6i0d"

/

S B6sits o1 MDGs- BBB"un"or=5i00niu5=o20s 2nd EFA-BBB"unsco"or=12r8ort"

# S UNESCO( Rco55nd2tion on th D30o85nt o1 Adu0t Educ2+tion( N2iro6i %.,*( P2ris %.,?( 2nd BBB"unsco"or=ncon1int23i

Hrs="@- Di Vo0shochschu0' $i0dun= in 711nt0ichr Vr2ntBortun=( $onn /;%% 2ndBBB"3o0shochschu0t2="d"

* S Dutschr $undst2=- Antr2= dr A6=ordntn Antt H6in=rtc"- $i0dun= in EntBic0un=s+ und SchB00n0ndrn strn'

$i0dun=s52ssn2h5n 2n82ssn und Birs25r =st20tn" Drucs2ch%,/%#


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11

. S 26out ASEM th docu5nts 2t- htt8-2s5in1o6o2rd"or= 2nd 1orduc2tion- BBB"2s5+duc2tion+scrt2ri2t"or="

%; S M2ri2 &h2n- Co8in= Bith R=ion20 Ch200n=s- Th Asi2 South P2+ci1ic Associ2tion 1or $2sic 2nd Adu0t Educ2tion >ASP$AE@" In- Li10on=

L2rnin= in Euro8(


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13

Joachim H. Knoll

THE CONTRI$UTION OF EDUCATION AND ADULT

EDUCATION TO SOCIAL IMPROVM!" AS PART OF

DEVELOPMENT POLICY

S%mmar+: Th 2rtic0 25ins Bhthr 2nd to Bh2t tnt 8riorit4

shou0d 6 =i3n in d30o85nt 8o0ic4 to 2n u8+to+d2t( 2880id undr+

st2ndin= o1 92du0t duc2tion: >or 92du0t 2nd continuin= duc2tion:( ACE@"

M2n4 8rocts 580o4in= 2du0t duc2tion si00s 2r sti00 6in= d0i3rdundr th tit0 o1 9soci20 i58ro35nt: or 9soci20 structur20 r1or5:" An

u8+to+d2t intr8rt2tion o1 2du0t duc2tion inc0uds 2r2s 2nd su6cts

Bhich h23 unti0 3r4 rcnt04 6n r=2rdd 2s 60on=in= to othr

6r2nchs o1 duc2tion 2nd th soci20 scincs >such 2s n3iron5nt20

duc2tion( 5inorit4 8o0ic4( intrcu0tur20 di20o=u( 026our 52rt 8o0ic4

2nd h20th duc2tion@" E3n in 52n4 intrn2tion20 8u60ic2tions( 9duc2+

tion: is rstrictd to 1or520 62sic duc2tion >EFA@( 3oc2tion20 duc2tion

2nd hi=hr duc2tion( Bhich dos not 2ccord Bith th conc8t o1 0i10on=

02rnin=" Th 2rtic0 2r=us th2t 2 6ro2d 8rc8tion o1 th tr5 92du0t

duc2tion: shou0d 6 usd in d30o85nt 8o0ic4"

ສະຫ ຼ ຸບ: ບ ດົຄວາມບ ດົນ ີ ໄ້ດ ວ້ ເິຄາະວ າ່ນະໂຍບາຍການພ ດັທະນາຄວນໄດ ຮ້ ບັບຸລ ມິະສ ດິຫ ຼາຍໜ ອ້ຍານ!ດ "ລະ ນ #າ!$ ຄ້ວາມເ% ົ າ້!&ທາ'ດ າ້ນການສ (ກສາ)* !້ຫຍ ່ +ຫ ຼ ,

ການສ (ກສາ%ອ')* !້ຫ ຍ່ "ລະ ການສ (ກສາ"ບບ- # ່ ເນ , ່ອ'ທ ີ ່ ມ -ີ ວົຫຍ # ວ້ າ່ ./012 ໂຄ'ການທ ີ ່ ນ #າ!$ ທ້ ກັສະ&າກການສ (ກສາ)* !້ຫຍ ຫ່ ຼາຍ3ໂຄ'ການຍ 'ັຄ 'ົດ #າເນ ນີໄພາຍ!- ຫ້ ວົ% # ທ້ ີ ່ ວ າ່: 4ການ ບັຸ'ສ 'ັຄ ມົ5 ຫ ຼ , 4ການະ- ຮິ*ບໂຄ'ສ າ້'ທາ'ສ 'ັຄ ມົ52 ການອະທ ິ ບາຍທ ີ ່ ໄດ ຮ້ ບັການ ບັຸ'-ະຫ ຼອດ!ນເລ , ່ ອ'ການສ (ກສາ)* !້ຫຍ ລ່ວມມ ີບ ນັດາສາ%າ"ລະ ບ ນັດາລາຍວ $ິາທ ີ ່ ນອນ!ນສາ%າອ , ່ ນ3!ນລະບ ບົການສ (ກສາ"ລະ ສາຍວ ທິະຍາສາດ ສ 'ັຄ ມົ +ເ$ ັ ່ ນວ າ່: ການສ (ກສາເລ , ່ ອ'ສ ິ ່ '"ວດລ ອ້ມ6


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ນະໂຍບາຍ$ ນົເ) ົ ່ າ6 ການໂອ ລ້ ມົ ສ ນົທະນາ%ອ'$ ນົເ) ົ ່ າ- າ່'36 ນະໂຍບາຍ-ະຫ ຼາດ"ຮ''ານ "ລະ ການສ (ກສາທາ'ດ າ້ນສ%ຸະພາບ12 "ມ "້- 7່* !່ນການ- ພີ ິມ %ອ'ວາລະສານ- າ່'ະເທດຫ ຼາຍ3ສ #ານ ກັ6 ຄ #າວ າ່: 4ການສ (ກສາ5 "ມ ນ່8 ,ກກ9ານ ດົ !ຫ ້ ່ເ ນັການສ (ກສາ!ນລະບ ບົໂຮ'ຮນ6ການສ (ກສາ"ບບວ $ິາ$ ບີ "ລະ ການສ (ກສາ$ ັນ້ສ*'ທ ີ ່ ບ # ່ ສອດຄ ອ່'ກ ບັ"ນວຄວາມຄ ດິ%ອ'ການຮນຮ* -້ະຫ ຼອດ$ ວີ ດິ2 ບ ດົຄວາມ ນ ີ ້ໄດ !້ຫ %້ # ໂ້- 8້'ວ າ່ຄວນ&ະມ ກີານເ) ີຍ") ່ ຫ ຼ , ນ #າ!$ ຄ້ວາມເ% ົ າ້!&!ຫ "້) ຫ່ ຼາຍ ຄ #າວ າ່ 4ການສ (ກສາ)* !້ຫຍ 5່ ເ% ົາ້!ສ ນ່ະໂຍບາຍທາ'ດ າ້ນການພ ດັທະນາ2

េសងប ៖

អតបេទនះពិនតិេមលេតេលេនយអភិ វឌនគ៍រួន!រ"#ល$%ទិ&ព'ល$!រយល$'(ង )'លនល*+,ប-. /ប0ន1*ម2 នងិអន3 វត#4*$)ស#ងអ5ព6 “ !រអប$រ7មន3សេ8ព9វ:យ” (; “ !រអប$រ7មន3សេ8ព9វ:យ4បន# ACE) )'រ;េទ នេិងបគួរ េតគួរ*1 /ង* េគ


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15

Qនf* “ !រអប$រ7មន3សេ8ព9វ:យ” គួរ$MJ@ 25on= othrs( th2t 11orts to r5od0 th

soci20 structur in3o03 2 st o1 r1or5s th2t cut 2cross 2 r2n= o1disci80ins 2nd inc0ud 8r2ctic20 noB0d= o1 3r4d24 0i1 th so+

ci20 scincs( 2du0t duc2tion( cono5ics( cu0tur20 2nd soci20 2n+

thro8o0o=4 200 8024 thir 82rt( 2nd 200 2do8t 2n 288ro2ch to 2c2+

d5ic noB0d= in Bhich noB0d= is in32ri2604 2ction+orintd"

9Pur 9 2c2d5ic noB0d=( 2s it is 1ound in uni3rsitis( c2nnot


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16

6 2880id unch2n=d to DC it nds to 6 2d28td to th s8ci1ic

1i0d o1 DC 2nd to 6 usd 8r2ctic2004"

Th2t s2id( th soci20 scincs( inc0udin= socio0o=4( h23 52d 2

52or contri6ution to th discussion o1 soci20 structur in rcnt42rs( 26out Bhich so5thin= Bi00 6 s2id hr 64 B24 o1 introduc+

tion( 20thou=h B sh200 not 2tt58t 2 d1initi3 o3r3iB"

It is 2s4 to 2=r Bith Wo01=2n= JAPF th2t- 9$4 soci20 structur

B 52n th 62sic d5o=r28hic di3ision o1 th 8o8u02tion into c2t+

=oris( th distri6ution o1 cntr20 rsourcs such 2s duc2tion( in+

co5 2nd 580o45nt( soci20 c02sss( soci20 5i0ius 2nd 0i1 st40s(

2nd th soci20 dtr5in2tion o1 82thB24s throu=h 0i1 1ro5 =nr2+tion to =nr2tion: >%.K.@"

HoB3r( 2 distinction shou0d 6 52d 6tBn 2 52crosocio+

0o=ic20 intr8rt2tion r02tin= to 9or=2nis2tions( =rou8s 2nd institu+

tions: 2nd 2 5icrosocio0o=ic20 62sd on th 9intrBo3n 82ttrns o1

r02tionshi8s 6tBn 2ctors in tr5s o1 th ro0s th2t th4 8024:" %

An 2n204sis o1 soci20 structur Bhich 52s it 8ossi60 to dr2B

u8 802ns 2nd 1orc2sts 5ust thr1or 52 us o1 indic2tors such2s thos 0istd in th s25 8u60ic2tion-

– Po8u02tion(

– F25i0is 2nd housho0ds(

– Educ2tion 2nd tr2inin=(

– Inco5 2nd =2in1u0 580o45nt"

For th 8ur8oss o1 soci20 i58ro35nt( th 2n204sis 20so h2s toh23 82rticu02r r=2rd to-

– R0i=ious 2nd dno5in2tion20 200=i2nc(

– Minoritis 2nd th indi=nous 8o8u02tion(

– C0i52tic conditions(

– Mi=r2tion 2nd r5i=r2tion( tc"


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17

An 2n204sis th2t is c28260 o1 d0i3rin= i58ro35nt nds to 6

62sd on indic2tors such 2s ths( dr2Bn 1ro5 di11rnt 2r2s o1 r+

s2rch" In our contt( I considr it us1u0 20so to 0oo 2t 5or d+

t2i0d soci20 structur 2n204sis/( 6c2us DC o1tn t2s 802c in d+cntr20isd structurs 2nd contts" HoB3r( th 2n204sis 5ust not

d=nr2t into 2n204sis 1or its oBn s2 inst2d( its 1indin=s 5ust

6 usd 2s th st2rtin= 8oint 1or r1or5 in c02r04 d1ind 2r2s"

Wh2t is i55di2t04 2882rnt hr 2nd 0sBhr is th co5+

80it4 o1 th soci20 structur 2nd o1 th 8rocss o1 r1or5in= it"# It

Bi00 in3o03 duc2tion 2nd 2du0t duc2tion( 20thou=h thr 2r 2

Bid 32rit4 o1 B24s o1 sttin= 26out it" It is this 6r2dth 2nd 32ri+t4 Bhich =i3 ris to th const2nt 2ssrtions th2t DC 82rtnrs nd

to )orm con$ortia 2nd to coo-erate( Bhich ou=ht to 6 8r12cd 64

th 2d5ission th2t non o1 th5 c2n do 3r4thin=" Con1idnc in

ons oBn co58tnc 2nd Bi00in=nss to B0co5 th contri6u+

tions o1 othrs nd to =o h2nd in h2nd"

Fundin= =uid0ins 2nd th 2i5s o1 soci20 i58ro35nt

In o11ici20 st2t5nts 8u60ishd in 32rious 802cs


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18

– D30o85nt 2nd 8o3rt4 rduction

– Protction o1 th sh2rd n3iron5nt

– Hu52n di=nit4( d5ocr2c4 2nd =ood =o3rn2nc"

At su6sunt con1rncs >Wor0d Po8u02tion Con1rnc( Wor0d

Con1rnc on Wo5n( Wor0d Su55it on Sust2in260 D30o8+

5nt@( th t2s o1 8o3rt4 rduction B2s 802cd 2t th to8 o1 th

2=nd2 o1 intrn2tion20 d30o85nt 2s 2 cross+cuttin= 8riorit4"

Ei=ht Mi00nniu5 D30o85nt Go20s 5r=d 1ro5 th Dc02r2+

tion issud in /;;;( c02ri14in= 2nd o8r2tion20isin= it-

%"

To h203 th 8ro8ortion o1 th Bor0d 8o8u02tion 0i3in= in +tr5 8o3rt4 2nd hun=r

/" To 8ro3id 8ri52r4 duc2tion 1or 200 chi0drn

#" To 8ro5ot =ndr u20it4 2nd 58oBr Bo5n


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19

8ro605+so03in= str2t=is 1ro5 2 32rit4 o1 2r2s o1 0i1 2nd 2c2+

d5ic rs2rch"

Th $MJ t20s o1 2round ?; indic2tors th2t dscri6 th 95ini+

5u5 ruir5nts 1or 2 di=ni1id hu52n istnc:" Hnc 1undin=is to 6 dirctd chi104 2t 8rocts 2nd 8ro=r255s

– 9Bhich dirct04 2nd sust2in2604 i58ro3 th cono5ic( soci20

2nd co0o=ic20 situ2tion o1 i58o3rishd =rou8s o1 th 8o8u02+

tion in 82rtnr countris(

– 11cti304 su88ort th s01+h08 11orts o1 such =rou8s

– 2nd in3o03 th5 2s 82rtnrs in 802nnin= 2nd cution:" *

Strss is 02id r82td04 on th id2 th2t co562tin= 8o3rt4 is to 6

sn 2s 92 t2s th2t cuts 2cross 200 2r2s o1 8o0ic4 2nd Qis th o3r+

2rchin= 8ur8os o1 Gr52n d30o85nt 8o0ic4:( 2nd th2t th

MDGs 2r ncss2ri04 62sd on 2 95u0tidi5nsion20 undrst2ndin=

o1 8o3rt4:" ?

At 1irst si=ht( th 58h2sis 2nd th st2=s in this 8rocss 2882r

to di11r in so5 o1 th st2t5nts 52d 64 intrn2tion20 or=2nis2+tions outsid th Unitd N2tions its01( 2nd in th 2c2d5ic dis+

cours on d30o85nt 8o0ic4" HoB3r( th4 do not d82rt 1un+

d25nt2004 1ro5 th 52instr25 MDGs"

Ar=u5nts 1or 1undin= duc2tion 2nd 2du0t duc2tion

W o6sr3( 1or 2580-

– th2t UNESCO in 82rticu02r 0ins 8o3rt4 rduction Bith 62sic

duc2tion 2nd 0itr2c4( in 2 6ro2dr sns Bith th Educ2tion

1or A00 >EFA@ 8ro=r255( 2nd u0ti52t04 Bith th d30o85nt

o1 2 d5ocr2tic ci3i0 socit4,(


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20

– th2t th EU su88orts 2nd consistnt04 strsss 8rocts th2t 2r

connctd Bith 3oc2tion20 duc2tion 2nd tr2inin= >VET@K( 2nd

– th2t in Gr52n4 th Fdr20 Ministr4 o1 Educ2tion 2nd R+

s2rch >$M$F@ did not 802c 5uch 58h2sis on duc2tion 2tth Wor0d Con1rnc on Sust2in260 Educ2tion >#% M2rch to /

A8ri0 /;;. in $onn@( 20thou=h 8hr2ss such 2s 9duc2tion 2nd

rs2rch strn=thn d5ocr2c4:( 9duc2tion is th cruci20 4

to sust2in260 B00+6in=: 2nd 9duc2tion 5ust 6 =i3n

Bor0dBid 8riorit4: st2nd out in th o8nin= s8ch".

HoB3r( thr is no nd to Borr4 o3r5uch 26out this 2n4 5orth2n 26out th 0itr2tur 8roducd on th to8ic( Bhich 2cnoB0+

d=s th2t duc2tion 2nd a#%lt e#%cation do contri6ut to socio+

cu0tur20 r1or5" Th on04 r2son 1or concrn is th2t th $MJ h2s

not 2s 4t n25d 0e#%cation1 2nd 0a#%lt e#%cation1 s8ci1ic2004 2s

=rounds 1or 8ro3idin= su88ort" Nonth0ss( duc2tion 2nd 2du0t

duc2tion do h23 2 802c 2s instru5nts o1 d30o85nt 8o0ic4 in

th 52surs 2ctu2004 1undd"Thr 524 6 tBo r2sons 1or th r0uct2nc to us th tr5s

duc2tion 2nd 2du0t duc2tion- 1irst 6c2us th 1undin= =uid0ins

2r undr8innd 64 si00s 2nd 02n=u2= t2n 1ro5 th soci20 sci+

ncs( 2nd scond04 6c2us duc2tion 2nd 2du0t duc2tion h23

o1tn 6n uncon3incin= in rcnt 42rs in thir soci20 uti0it4( 2s

P0ssnr h2s c200d it" This is no dou6t connctd Bith th ustion

o1 Bho is ntit0d to 9024 doBn 2 d1initi3 intr8rt2tion: 2nd Bithth inB2rd+0ooin= thinin= Bithin 2c2d5ic disci80ins" E3n to+

d24( th tr2ditions o1 th soci20 scincs 2nd o1 duc2tion 2r sti00

r5ot 1ro5 on 2nothr in 52n4 B24s" And Bhi0 this continuin=

2r=u5nt shou0d not 6 s8ci1ic2004 c200d 9Gr52n: >%;@( B 2r

n2tur2004 82rticu02r04 concrnd Bith th Gr52n d62t" In 54

oBn 8rinc( th rstBhi0 Ad3isor4 $o2rd o1 th 9Institut 1or

Intrn2tion20 Coo8r2tion o1 th Gr52n Adu0t Educ2tion Associ2+


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21

tion: >IIJDVV@ B2s distur6d to s th2t th to8ics 2nd 2r2s 1or

2ction h2dd #%cation in 1undin= 8o0ic4 2nd in 0ists o1 d30o8+

5nt 2cti3itis no 0on=r =23 2du0tcontinuin= duc2tion th un+

dis8utd 8riorit4 th2t it h2d 0on= no4d"Thr is 2n o63ious 0in Bith th 5ist2n notion o1 duc2tion

th2t dri3s 1ro5 th no+hu52nistic tr2dition o1 2nti+uti0it2ri2n+

is5"%% This 8rc8tion o1 th t2ss 2nd 1unctions o1 duc2tion

strsss th n2rroB 8d2=o=ic20 r5it o1 2cti3itis in schoo0s >8r+

schoo0( 8ri52r4 2nd scond2r4 duc2tion@ 2nd out+o1+schoo0 8ro3i+

sion >4outh Bor 2nd 2du0tcontinuin= duc2tion@"

Whn sn in tr5s o1 8r2ctic 2s B00 2s thor4( 2du0t duc2+tion shou0d r2thr 6 t2n to 52n-

%" 2880id 2cti3itis 2nd th 2880ic2tion o1 2c2d5ic noB0d=%/(

/" 2 6ro2d intr8rt2tion o1 1i0ds o1 duc2tion20 2cti3it4( "="

8ro3ision in sr3ic 2nd 5di2 st260ish5nts 2nd in d30o8+

5nt Bor concrnd Bith th soci20 structur(

#" intrdisci80in2rit4 in th2t thr is noB =r2tr Bi00in=nss in

2du0t duc2tion( 2s its 1i0d o1 co58tnc 82nds( to 2ct 2s 25di2tor 2nd to ntr into di20o=u Bith othr su6cts 2nd

1unction20 2r2s"

Th intrn2tion20 d62t on 9duc2tion >or 02rnin=@ throu=hout

0i1: >or 0i10on= 02rnin=@( Bhich tnds 1ro5 E" F2ur >%.,/@ to "

D0ors >%..K@ 2nd sti00 continus( rsu0td in tn 6ro2d 1unction20

2r2s 6in= 200oc2td to 2du0t duc2tion 2t CONFINTEA V>H256ur= %..,@" Ths inc0ud-

– n'ironmental e#%cation,

– Mi(ration an# minorit+ -olicie$,

– Health e#%cation an# -o-%lation -olic+,

– Rehabilitation

– Labo%r mar2et -olic+.


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22

This B2s 2 r10ction not ust o1 2 dsir to 82nd( 6ut 20so o1 th

r20it4 o1 d30o85nt Bor >2s is 3idnt in th ourn20 9Adu0t

Educ2tion 2nd D30o85nt: 8u60ishd 64 IIJDVV@"

Th 6ro2d d1inition o1 th tr5 8o3rt4( 2nd th 2880id orin+t2tion o1 th 2c2d5ic stud4 o1 duc2tion 802dd 1or 2t th 6=in+

nin= o1 this 828r 2nd strssd thr21tr( 2r con1ir5d 64 such

st2t5nts" Th2t is not to dn4 th2t th duc2tion20 scincs( 2nd

s8ci2004 th stud4 o1 2du0t duc2tion( 1runt04 8ush thir 28+

80id orint2tion 2sid 2nd n=0ct thir dut4 to sr3 th nds o1

socit4" Th4 shou0d indd 2do8t th 3iB 8rssd in th o11ici20

st2t5nt issud 64 th ## countris o1 th 82n+Euro82n UNESCOR=ion- 9W r211ir5 th i58ort2nc o1 2du0t 02rnin= in n260in=

8o80 to d20 Bith cono5ic 2nd soci20 ch2n=( to 82rtici82t 2c+

ti304 in ci3i0 socit4( to 1ostr cu0tur20 2ction 2nd to nrich thir

0i3s":%#

A nu56r o1 non+=o3rn5nt20 or=2nis2tions Borin= in d30+

o85nt coo8r2tion h23 co5 to=thr to 1or5 th Social

Im-ro'ement !etor2 >Ar6its=5insch21t Soi20strutur( AGS@2nd h23 2=rd 2 coo8r2tion 5od0 th2t rco=niss thir di11r+

nt 2r2s o1 co58tnc"%


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– It 8ro3ids su88ort 1or th st260ish5nt 2nd d30o85nt o1

2du0t duc2tion institutions in d30o8in= countris 2nd coun+

tris in tr2nsition(

– It 8ro3ids in+sr3ic tr2inin=( 2d3ic 2nd 5di2 1or =0o620 2ndintrcu0tur20 duc2tion"

Th 2ctu20 Bor on th =round( Bhich B c2nnot dscri6 in dt2i0

hr( is s80t out in 5or s8ci1ic cor th52tic 2r2s in 2 5or r+

cnt su552r4%*-

– $2sic duc2tion 2nd 0itr2c4- 1unction20 4outh 2nd 2du0t 0itr2c4

Bor non+1or520 2nd out+o1+schoo0 8ro3ision t2chin= o1 8r+son20 2nd soci20 si00s ' 1ound in th 52orit4 o1 8rocts(

– Co58ns2tor4 duc2tion 1or 2du0ts- 02tr th2n usu20 2cuisition

o1 schoo0+023in= u20i1ic2tions( 4oun= 8o80 Bith no schoo0

duc2tion 2nd dro8+outs( scond+ch2nc 8ro3ision to 8r82r

1or 2nd su88ort 3oc2tion20 tr2inin= ' usu2004 1ound in ur62n

duc2tion20 8ro3ision(

–

En3iron5nt20 duc2tion 2nd sust2in260 d30o85nt- t2ch+in= o1 8r2ctic20 co0o=ic20 noB0d= i58ro35nt o1 th 0i3+

in= n3iron5nt ' inc0udin= 802ntin= o1 trs 2nd us o1

20trn2ti3 tchno0o=is(

– H20th duc2tion 2nd AIDS- in1or52tion 2nd duc2tion 26out

dit( h4=in 2nd 32rious dis2ss ' rco=nisd tr2inin= o1 8o+

80 to c2r 1or AIDS su11rrs 2nd in1or52tion c2582i=ns(

–

E58oBr5nt 2nd =ndr 52instr25in=- s8ci1ic duc2tion208ro3ision 1or Bo5n( 1ro5 ncour2=5nt o1 82rtici82tion 2nd

su88ort 1or Bo5ns =rou8s to th cross+cuttin= t2s o1 =r2tr

=ndr ustic(

– Hu52n ri=hts 2nd d5ocr2tis2tion- in1or52tion on 8rson20(

soci20 2nd 8o0itic20 hu52n ri=hts 8ro5otion o1 82rtici82tion 64

dis2d32nt2=d =rou8s ' 2nd hnc strn=thnin= o1 d5ocr2ti+

c2004 62sd ci3i0 socit4(


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– Con10ict 52n2=5nt 2nd crisis 8r3ntion- c02ri1ic2tion o1 co+

no5ic 2nd soci20 c2uss 2nd r0i=ious 2nd thnic 62c=round

su88ort 2nd 2d3ic 1or 288ro3d NGOs"""

– E580o45nt 2nd c2rr =uid2nc- in 52n4 8rocts( 580o4+5nt 2nd c2rr =uid2nc 2r o1 82rticu02r i58ort2nc"""

Sc2rc04 2n4 othr intrn2tion20 NGO ss soci20 i58ro35nt 2s

i5804in= such 2 6ro2d s8ctru5 o1 duc2tion20 2cti3itis Bithin DC

2s IIJDVV" HoB3r( tBo 12ctors shou0d 6 6orn in 5ind-

– First( 5on4 =nr2ts nB 2r2s o1 2cti3it4 th2t 524 0i out+

sid th 2r2 o1 co58tnc 2nd i55di2t intrst ' B noBthis 1ro5 th 1undin= 8ro3idd 64 th $M$F Bithin Gr52n4(

– And scond04( th 82r25trs o1 th Wstrn 8rc8tion o1 d+

5ocr2c4 62sd on 8o0itic20 82rtis nd to 6 25ind c2r+

1u004 2nd 8ossi604 5odi1id in 8o0itic20 duc2tion >or 6ttr-

ci3ic duc2tion@ Bhr thr 2r d8 soci20 di3isions 2nd non+

80ur20 tr2ditions >2s in A1=h2nist2n@" Mor crt2in04 nds to 6

don in this 1i0d th2n 5r04 ritr2tin= ons oBn crt2intis"Th2t 2880is to 200 82rtnrs Bithin DC 2nd 0sBhr"

Su==stions 1or th 1or520 i58ro35nt 2nd 82nsion

o1 DC 2cti3itis

Soci20 i58ro35nt h2s to st2rt 1ro5 th notion o1 $%$tainabilit+ (Bhich 52ns in this c2s th2t th r1or5 8rocss is on=oin= 2nd

n3r nds ' this 52ns 9ro00in= r1or5:( Bith no i55di2t nd in

si=ht to DC" Wor 5ust thr1or 6 =uidd 64 th notion o1 )le3i*

bilit+ ( th2t is( it 5ust 6 c28260 o1 r2ctin= to ch2n=in= d52nds(

ch200n=s 2nd nds Bhich c2nnot 6 c28turd in 1id curricu02"

And 02st04( 2ttntion 5ust 6 82id to th 8rinci80 o1 #i'er$it+ b+ #e*


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25

$i(n( 2s 2do8td in th 5ost rcnt UNESCO 8ro=r255s( usin= 2

tr5 coind 52n4 42rs 2=o in 2 US 828r on r1or5 this 52ns

th2t thr c2n 6 no ustion o1 5r04 tr2ns1rrin= or h2r5onis+

in= r1or5 52surs"Ths thr 8rinci80s( $%$tainabilit+, )le3ibilit+ 2nd #i'er$it+ ( Bi00

nd to 6 const2nt 05nts o1 th 1o00oBin= su==stions i1 th4

2r to 6 8r2ctic260-

%" Gr2tr $el)*e'al%ation 2nd #oc%mentation" This i580is th d+

30o85nt o1 2 $el)*e'al%ation 5od0 o1 th curricu0u5 >02rn+

in= units 2nd 5odu0s@ in 3r4 0on=+tr5 8ro=r255" This

dos not 28804 o1 cours to on+o11 3nts 2nd 8rocts" $utths do ruir 2n e))icienc+ chec2 62sd on 320id 8rinci80s(

th #oc%mentation o1 rcurrnt 02rnin=( inc0udin= t2chin= 2nd

02rnin= 52tri20s( th e3chan(e o1 52tri20s 25on= thos in+

3o03d in DC onc th4 h23 6n d3isd( 2nd nh2nc5nt o1

contin%in( e#%cation $tati$tic$ in th r032nt r=ion"

/" This 20r2d4 0n=th4 0ist o1 cor ruir5nts 8ro62604 nds

to 6 82ndd to inc0ud th 1o00oBin= 2ddition20 thematicarea$-

– Practical i$$%e$ relatin( to -o-%lation -olic+ ' inc0udin=

r032nt d5o=r28hic 12ctors( structurs o1 ur62nis2tion

2nd ni=h6our0inss( 2nd continuin= duc2tion d1icits in

52or ur62n 2==0o5r2tions >5=2+citis in Asi2( L2tin

A5ric2 2nd A1ric2@(

–

4lobal an# re(ional a$-ect$ o) $ocial an# economic -olic+ 'inc0udin= =nr20 in1or52tion 26out s23in=s( housho0ds(

o3r200 1unctionin= 2nd crisis situ2tions( 5icro 1undin= 1or

s5200 ntr8riss( un580o45nt( th soci20 st2t 2nd soci20

ustic(

– n'ironmental e#%cation( Bith incr2sd 2ttntion to th

n2tur20 rsourcs 232i0260 2nd th 80oit2tion o1 r+

sourcs >B2tr( 02nd 2nd 2ir@"%? Gr2tr n3iron5nt20


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26

2B2rnss shou0d 6 cr2td in rs8ct o1 touris5 2s 2

sourc o1 B20th cr2tion"

– 3-an$ion o) -o$t*literac+ $+$tem$ to incl%#e a--ro-riate

a#'i$or+ $er'ice$( 8r1r2604 in coo8r2tion Bith UIL>UNESCO Institut 1or Li10on= L2rnin=@( Bhos 3r4 Bid

8rtis is dri3d 1ro5 duc2tion20 8rocts in o3r ?;

d30o8in= countris" Pu60ishin= 2cti3itis >52=2ins 1or

no0itr2ts@ cou0d 6 82ndd( 2nd th introduction o1 0o+

c20 9duc2tion 82ss8orts: cou0d 6 discussd"

– C%lt%ral i#entit+*b%il#in( reconcilin( tra#ition an#

mo#erni$ation ' inc0udin= di20o=u 6tBn r0i=ions"

Ths h2din=s 2r 8rssd in 02n=u2= th2t is sti00 too 26str2ct

2nd non+s8ci1ic" Th4 2r intndd so004 to su==st th52tic

trnds( th out0ins o1 Bhich Bi00 on04 6co5 c02r in th 0oc20 con+

tt"%,

Out0oo

Th 2882rnt contro3rs4 o3r a#%lt e#%cation 2nd $ocio*c%lt%ral

re)orm 2s 82rt o1 DC h2s rcnt04 102rd u8 2=2in ' 2t 02st in tr5s

o1 intrn2tion20 802usi6i0it4 ' in 2 nu56r o1 initi2ti3s( 2nd thr is

c02r04 5or 2t st2 th2n 5r 0in=uistic or rhtoric20 h2ir+s80it+

tin=" W h23 st2td 802in04 th2t 2 6ro2d intr8rt2tion o1 9duc2+tion: 2nd 2 5odrn 3iB o1 92du0t duc2tion: 2nd 2ction+orintd

duc2tion20 scinc =o 12r 64ond th 8rsnt 62n+countin= 8r+

c8tion o1 socio+cu0tur20 r1or5( th2t duc2tion in its Bidst sns

9is th 5ost 8oBr1u0 B28on Bhich 4ou c2n us in th Bor0d:

>N0son M2nd02@( 2nd 5or s8ci1ic2004 th2t ri=id di3isions c2nnot

6 to0r2td 6tBn 1or520 62sic duc2tion( 3oc2tion20 duc2tion


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27

2nd hi=hr duc2tion i1 0i10on= 02rnin= is to 6 sn 2s 2n 9duc2+

tion20 ch2in:"

Th initi2ti3s 200udd to 2r( 1irst( 2 -arliamentar+ bill 8ro8osd

64 th 82rtis 1or5in= th 8rsnt Fdr20 Go3rn5nt >CDUCSU2nd FDP@ 2nd h2dd 9Strn=thnin= duc2tion in d30o8in= 2nd

thrsho0d countris ' 2d28tin= duc2tion20 52surs 2nd 52in=

th5 5or 11cti3:%K( scond04( Bh2t is currnt04 2n intrn20 dis+

cussion 828r 1ro5 $MJ D82rt5nt #%%( Bhich is rs8onsi60 1or

9duc2tion:%.( 2nd third04( th 2ssoci2td dr21t $MJ $trate(+ -a-er

ntit0d 9Tn =o20s 1or duc2tion:/;"

Ths initi2ti3s 200 strss 9duc2tion: 2s 2 8rinci80 o1 DC( 6ut20thou=h th -arliamentar+ bill 20so r1rs to 2du0t duc2tion( th

$trate(+ -a-er st2rts 1ro5 th distinctions 8r3ious04 dr2Bn Bithin

duc2tion 6tBn 62sic duc2tion( 3oc2tion20 duc2tion 2nd

hi=hr duc2tion( sin= 2du0t duc2tion 8rinci82004 2s 82rt o1 th

9int=r2td 0i10on= 02rnin= 288ro2ch:" Th -arliamentar+ bill

st2ts( 1or 2580- 9In 2 02r= 8ro8ortion o1 d30o8in= countris(

tBo thirds o1 schoo0 dro8+outs nd u8 in th in1or520 cono54"On04 su88ort 1or 2du0t duc2tion 2nd non+1or520 3oc2tion20 8ro3i+

sion Bi00 =i3 th5 th o88ortunit4 to st260ish 2 scur 0i30ihood

o1 thir oBn throu=h sust2ind 3oc2tion20 tr2inin=: >8" /@" Adu0t

duc2tion is thus sn 2s 2n int=r20 82rt o1 0i10on= 02rnin=( so

th2t it 1or5s its oBn s82r2t 6r2nch Bithin th duc2tion s4st5"

Th $MJ $trate(+ -a-er 20so su==sts in 0in Bith intrn2tion20

st2t5nts th2t 8riorit4 shou0d 6 =i3n to duc2tion Bithin DC >8"%1@ co55it5nt to this str2t=4 is inhrnt in th o3r2rchin= i5+

2= o1 90i10on= 02rnin=: 2s 2 9co58rhnsi3 288ro2ch to duc2+

tion: Bhich inc0uds th 1o00oBin= 6r2nchs- 62sic duc2tion( sc+

ond2r4 duc2tion( 3oc2tion20 duc2tion( hi=hr duc2tion 2nd 2c2+

d5ic rs2rch" Whi0 92du0t duc2tion: is 5ntiond 1irst in th

contt o1 hi=hr duc2tion >@ in th introductor4 out0in( th 0ist+

in= o1 th 6r2nchs o1 duc2tion st out 26o3 is thn 1o00oBd 64


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28

th so5Bh2t 02conic st2t5nt- 9$sids 1or520 duc2tion( B

su88ort non+1or520 2nd in1or520 duc2tion" W =i3 82rticu02r i5+

8ort2nc to out+o1+schoo0 duc2tion( 2s in th 8ro=r255s h2dd

E3r4 8roct is 2 802c 1or 02rnin=( 6c2us B 2i5 to strn=thnduc2tion 2s 2n int=r20 82rt o1 200 2cti3itis: >8" 8" %;@" In /;%# B sh200 indd s Bh2t B2s 5r

rhtoric 2nd Bh2t =i3s r2son to s82 o1 2 nB ind o1 str2t=4"

Nots

% For 2580 in- Uni3rsit4 o1 H200+Wittn6r=( Institut o1 Socio0o=4(htt8-BBB"soio0o=i"unih200"d

/ Mich20 Ur62n( U0rich Wisr( &0inru5i= Soi20r2u52n204s(Thortisch Grund02=n und 8r2tisch Durch1hrun=( Idnti1i2tionund $schri6un= 3on Soi20ru5n 5it u2ntit2ti3n D2tn(Drsdn /;;?"

# I r1r s8ci1ic2004 to th 828rs on th socio0o=4 o1 con10ict 64 GrdNo0052nn( >&2r0sruh( $rn@( "=" in th co00ctd dition >Bhich 8r+

h28s 824s too 5uch 2ttntion to th conc8t o1 c02ss@- Soi20struturund Gs00sch21t( Wis62dn /;;,- 9In rcnt dc2ds( soci20 struc+tur 2n204sis h2s r3o0utionisd 2nd 58iric2004 d1ind 5or 2ct04our noB0d= o1 th intr8024 o1 6in= 2nd s5in=": S 20so th 2c+co582n4in= 6i60io=r28hic20 nots"

d"@ Mhr Wirun= ri0n( Di Ausrichtun= dr dutschnEntBic0un=sus255n2r6it 2u1 di Mi00nniu5s+EntBic0un=s+Ji0( Di U5stun= dr P2ris Dc02r2tion on Aid E11cti3nss( R1"


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29

//;( MDG+St26sst00( $onn( /;;*" To=thr Bith Ann d"@( Grundst und Ji0(BBB"65"ddi0i05i00nnniu5si0"ind"ht50

* S F7rdrricht0inin( Art /" G=nst2nd dr F7rdrun=( o8" cit" 20so

$MJ( Soi20strutur17rdrun=( Tit0 ?K, ;# 2nd ?K, %/( $onn(%"."/;;< Bith cruci20 r1rncs to Fdr20 Go3rn5nt t2r=t=rou8s( 2cti3itis 2nd co55it5nt to DC( 2nd 5icro 2nd 52cro 030=o20s"

? In- $MJ( Mhr Wirun= ri0n( o8" cit"( 8" K, Looin= 62c on CONFINTEA V( this h2s rcnt04 6n 58h2sisd 4t

2=2in 64- Rit2 Sss5uth( Adu0t L2rnin= 2nd Educ2tion 1or Euit4 2ndInc0usion Bithin th Contt o1 P2rtici82tion( Mo6i0it4 2nd Co58ti+tion" A Contri6ution to 5o3in= 1ro5 CONFINTEA V to VI( $ud28st

/;;.( 8u60ishd 2s 2 MS"K S In1o 0ttr( In1or52tion on Adu0t Educ2tion in Euro8( No" %( F6"

/;;.". Fro5 8rss r02ss( s8"- $M$F %9S8itn26iturintn: ran2)%rter

All(emeine 6eit%n(( %%"#"/;;.( 8" N *@ droBns in 8o05ic20 2r=u5nt-

9Educ2tion 8o0ic4 dos not noB 2nd dos not B2nt to noB Bh2t is=oin= on in schoo0s":

%/ $sids 52n4 othr 2580s( s th 828r 64 Hri6rt Hinn 2ndH2ns Po00in=r >ds"@( Adu0t Educ2tion 2nd Co562tin= Po3rt4( $onn/;;


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30

htt8-ui0"unsco"or=nho58ro=r255+2r2s2du0t+duc2tioncon1int2

%d"@( Soi20 Struturn strn ' Ar5ut 6581n 'Juun1t sichrn"

$onn n"d"( 20so- BBB"soi20strutur"or="d26out5or"ht50%* DVV intrn2tion20( Youth 2nd Adu0t Educ2tion in D30o85nt

Coo8r2tion 2s 2 Contri6ution to Soci20 I58ro35nt- Str2t=ic Ai5s2nd Pr1or52nc Pro1i0" $onn n"d" >/;%;@( 8" ?1"

%? UNESCO 2tu00 8rss r02s /"Adu0t Educ2tion 2nd Out+o1+Schoo0 Youth Educ2tion@( Ruhr Uni3rsit4

$ochu5" M2in 2r2s o1 intrst- intrn2tion20 2nd co582r2ti3 2du0t du+

c2tion institutions( 0=is02tion 2nd Po0itic20 2du0t duc2tion 4outh 5di28rotction( nB ntrt2in5nt 2nd duc2tion20 tchno0o=is"

E52i0- oo"&no00t+on0in"d"


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31

San#ra L. Morri$on/"imote M. Vaioleti

A&O ' A TRADITIONAL LEARNING CONCEPT FOR

MAORI AND PACIFIC YOUTH( AND ITS RELATIONSHIP

TO LIFELONG LEARNING

S%mmar+ - Ao is 2 tr2dition20 Po04nsi2n conc8t 52nin= 6oth to 02rn

2nd to t2ch" This 828r 25ins this conc8t 2nd its r02tionshi8 to

duc2tion 1or M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 4outh 2=2inst th 62cdro8 o1 0i10on=

02rnin=" It 2r=us th2t succss 1or M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 4outh c2n on04 6succss1u0 i1 2ttntion is 82id to thir cu0tur20 2s B00 2s thir 2c2d5ic

nds" It 2r=us 1or th duc2tion20 d30o85nt o1 th Bho0 8rson in+

cor8or2tin= th int00ctu20( s8iritu20 2nd 8h4sic20 co58onnts o1 th

s01 2nd th co55unit4 r2thr th2n th cono5ic 2nd 026or i58r2ti3s

th2t o1tn dri3 duc2tion20 s4st5s"

ສະຫ ຼ ຸບ: .;< ເ ນັ"ນວຄ ດິ"ບບດ ັ'້ເດ ມີ ທ ີ ່ ມ ຄີວາມ=າຍວ າ່ສອ'7 າ່'ຄ ,: ຮນຮ* ້"ລະ ສ ດິສອນ2 ບ ດົຄວາມເລ , ່ ອ'ນ ີ ໄ້ດ ທ້ #າການວ ເິຄາະ"ນວຄວາມຄ ດິ!ນເລ , ່ ອ'ນ ີ ້"ລະ ຄວາມສ #າພ ນັ%ອ'ມ ນັ- # ່ ການສ (ກສາ%ອ'$າວໜຸ ມ່ທ ີ ່ 7* ເ່%ດເມ າົລ ີ"ລະ າ$ ີ> ິກທ າ່ມ ກາ'ສະພາບ%ອ'ການຮນຮ* -້ະຫ ຼອດ$ ວີ ດິ2 ບ ດົຄວາມນ ີ ໄ້ດ !້ຫ %້ # ໂ້- 8້'ວ າ່) ນົສ #າເລ ັດ ທ ີ ່ $າວໜຸ ມ່ເ%ດເມ າົລ ີ"ລະ າ$ >ີ ິກໄດ ຮ້ ບັນ ັນ້&ະະສ ບົ) ນົສ #າເລ ັດໄດ ກ້ # ່- # ່ ເມ , ່ອມ ກີານເອ ົາ!&!ສ -່ # ່ ຄວາມ- ອ້'ການທາ'ດ າ້ນວ ດັທະນະທ #າ ກ # ່ຄ ,

ຄວາມ- ອ້'ການທາ'ດ າ້ນວ $ິາການ%ອ'ພວກເ% າົ2 ບ ດົຄວາມນ ີ ຍ້ 'ັໄດ ໂ້- 8້'!ນເລ , ່ ອ'%ອ'ການພ ດັທະນາການສ (ກສາ%ອ'= ດົທຸກຄ ນົທ ີ ່ ລວມເອ ົາທ 'ັດ າ້ນພ*ມ ນັຍາ6 & ດິ!& "ລະ ຮ າ່'ກາຍ%ອ'- ນົເອ' "ລະ $ຸມ$ ນົຫ ຼາຍກວ າ່ຄວາມ& #າເ ັນທາ'ດ າ້ນເສດ8ະກ ດິ "ລະ "ຮ''ານ ທ ີ ່ ຍາມ!ດກ # ່$ຸກຍ* ້"ລະ ສ ົ ່'ເສ ມີລະ ບ ບົການສ (ກສາ2


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េសងប ៖ Ako គg4ទស8នcន4


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33

M2ori chi1s undr th 2rr2n=5nt o1 th Tr2t4 o1 W2it2n=i

si=nd in %KSt2tistics NB J2+

02nd( /;;?@" Th 02r=st P2ci1ic 8o80s thnic =rou8 is S25o2n

Bith %#%(%;# 8o80" Th nt 02r=st 2r 0istd 2s 1o00oBs- Coo

Is02nds M2ori >*K(;%%@( Ton=2n >*;(//(.(K??(K//@ 2nd Tu320u2n >/(?/*@ >St2tistics NBJ202nd( /;;?@"

M2n4 P2ci1ic Po80s( 82rticu02r04 1ro5 Po04nsi2( h23 6n 2

su6st2nti20 82rt o1 nB 5i=r2nt =rou8s Bho c25 to Aot2ro2 in

s2rch o1 2 6ttr 0i1 1or th5s03s 2nd 1or thir 125i0is >V2io0ti(

/;;# Wndt( %.K*@" Th4 r=2rdd 2n duc2tion in NB J202nd

2s 2 52ns to 2d32nc thir dr25s o1 =2inin= 2 6ttr 0i1 >&o0oto(

%..K@" HoB3r( in r20it4( Bhi0 5ost o1 ths 82rnts BordtBo shi1ts 2nd 3n o1tn+dou60 shi1ts in unsi00d 026orin= o6s to

su88ort thir chi0drns duc2tion20 nds( thir chi0drn sti00 8r+

1or5d B00 60oB thir 8ct2tion"

Tod24 B 1ind th2t M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic occu84 dis8ro8ortion2t

2nd hi=h nu56rs in th n=2ti3 soci20 indics >Ministr4 o1 H20th(

/;;,@" Gi3n th2t th4 2r 2 si=ni1ic2nt04 4outh1u0 8o8u02tion( this

h2s dir consuncs 1or th Bho0 countr4" Th 5di2n 2= 1orM2ori is /# 42rs( th 5di2n 2= 1or P2ci1ic is /% 42rs 2nd 1or th

tot20 NB J202nd 8o8u02tion( thr is 2 5di2n 2= o1 #? 42rs"

L2din= d5o=r28hr 2cson >/;%%( %K@ in 2 828r out0inin= th

4 d5o=r28hic 1orcs sh28in= NB J202nds 1utur notd th2t

9C02r04 4oun= M2ori Bi00 8024 2 si=ni1ic2nt ro0 in NB J202nds

1utur 026our 1orc 2nd 2ttntion to thir s8ci1ic duc2tion20(

tr2inin=( 2nd soci20 nds 5ust 6 82r25ount considr2tion:"


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34

Wh2t 5ust 6 o1 concrn to th NB J202nd Go3rn5nt( is th in+

cr2sin= 52r=in20is2tion o1 M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic in 8o0itic20( soci20 2nd

cu0tur20 s8hrs 02din= to inuit4 o1 2ccss to th 8ro3ision o1

sr3ics 2nd to cono5ic o88ortunitis 2s B00 2s cu0tur20 di11r+ncs in 320us 2nd 2s8ir2tions 2nd duc2tion20 8ro=r255 dsi=n

>Duri( /;;*( to 02rn 2nd to t2ch@" V2io0ti 2nd V2io0ti >/;;#@ 802in

2o 2s 6oth 2 8rocss 2nd 2 3ision 2nd 2s 2 conc8t Bhich undr+

8ins th 02rnin= 8rinc" Ao is 2n o3rridin= 8rinci80 nco5+

82ssin= 2r04 chi0dhood( 8ri52r4( scond2r4( trti2r4 2nd 2du0t d+

uc2tion" Ao 1or 6oth M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic cuts 2cross th sctori20288ro2ch 123ourd 64 Go3rn5nts" It is dri3n 64 cu0tur20( s8ir+

itu20 2s B00 2s co00cti3 conc8ts( 5oti32tions 2nd 2s8ir2tions

Bith 2o st2rtin= B00 61or 2 chi0d is 6orn 2nd continus unti0

sh dis" Ao in3o03s tr2inin=( 02rnin=( doin=( o6sr3in=( 8r2c+

ticin=( r10ctin=( consu0tin= 2nd 3isionin= 2nd ho8" Ti2ti2 >%..K@

t20s 26out P2ci1ic socitis 8ctin= 3r4on to noB 2nd 8r+

1or5 his or hr ro0" Wh2t Ti2ti2 ndd to continu to s24 is 1orths 8o80 to 6 260 to c2rr4 out thir ro0s in 2 co58rhnsi3

duc2tion th2t t2chs /%st cntur4 si00s to scur 580o45nt is

ruird( 2s B00 2s 02rnin= to 0i3 co51ort2604 in thir oBn thnic

soci20 units"

Ao thn 2s non+1or520( in1or520 2nd 0i10on= 02rnin= 8rocsss

h2s 2 3it20 ro0 to 2ssist M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 4outh to 2d32nc thir


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35

02rnin= o88ortunitis in conunction Bith insti00in= cu0tur20 320us"

It 211ir5s th indi3idu20 ro0s 2s 2 556r o1 2 co55unit4( rin+

1orcs th 320u o1 02rnin= 2s 2 contri6ution to th B006in= o1 th

co00cti3 2nd 2cnoB0d=s th2t 5od00in= 2nd th 8r2ctic o1 202rnin= 8rinc 524 occur incidnt2004 2s B00 2s in 802nnd

B24s" Ao is on04 on co58onnt o1 2 M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic Bor0d

3iB( intrr02tin= to othr conc8ts Bhich contri6ut to 2n 82n+

si3 Po04nsi2n noB0d= 62s"

Succss in tr5s o1 duc2tion is r0i2nt u8on ths conc8ts in+

trr02tin= 2nd in1or5in= th othr Bithin th ho0istic 1r25Bor

Bhich is =roundd in Po04nsi2n 8ist5o0o=ic20 1r25Bors" R+02td to 2o 2r th 8rinci80s o1 i0o 2nd 8oto" V2io0ti 2nd V2io0ti

>/;;#@ 2nd V2io0ti >/;%%@ su==st th2t P2ci1ic tr5s 2o( i0o 2nd

8oto c2n 6 usd in 5u0ti80 B24s 2nd thr1or th4 c2n h23

52n4 52nin=s" At on 030 i0o c2n 52n 26i0it4 to s( sns or

2n 26i0it4 to 0oo into th 1utur" I0o c2n 52n th 2ct o1 1indin=

>so5thin=@" I0o 524 20so 52n 2n o6ct th2t is 1ound" So5 r1r

to it 2s 6in= intuiti3( insi=ht1u0 or 2 t48 o1 5or20it4" E0drs BithBho5 B h2d con3rs2tions r1rrd to it 2s God04 noB0d=

>V2io0ti( /;%%@" Th252n( %.KK r1rs to i0o 2s noBin= Bh2t to do

or th ri=ht thin= to do" For 2 co00cti3 socit4( it c2n 6 noBin=

Bh2t to do in ordr to 8ro3id 6n1ici20 sr3ic to othrs or 2s

DB4 >%.insi=ht1u0nss( 5or20it4( =od04 noB0d=@ to =uid sr+

3ic 2nd Bor 1or th 6n1it o1 ons 125i04 2nd co55unit4 usin=

i0o >=2ind 1ro5 2o( 6 it 1or520( in1or520( non+1or520@" As 2

noun( 8oto is th outco5 o1 usin= int2n=i60 i0o >insi=ht1u0nss@ to

=uid th us o1 t2n=i60 i0o >noB0d= 1ro5 2o@ 1or th 6n1it


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th 125i04 2nd th co55unit4 2nd n3iron5nt( 2n 2ct th2t Bi00

802s Gods" On c2n s24 thn th2t 6n1ici20 sr3ic to 125i04 2nd

th co55unit4 is th 2i5 o1 2o" It is un0i04 thou=h th2t 2o c2n

6 802ind or undrstood in iso02tion 1ro5 i0o 2nd 8oto"So5 M2ori co55nt2tors >S5ith( %../( %.., S5ith( %...@

2nd P2ci1ic co55nt2tors >&o0oto( %..K Th252n( %.KK V2io0ti

2nd V2io0ti( /;;#( V2io0ti( /;%%@ 2r insistin= th2t i1 cu0tur20 320+

us 2r inc0udd in th 02rnin= o1 ths 02rnrs th4 Bi00 1ind

thir 02rnin= 8rinc r032nt( BorthBhi0 2nd n=2=in= 2nd

this Bi00 6n1it Aot2ro2 NB J202nd =nr2004" Th 1or520 sctor

is st2rtin= to undrst2nd this 2nd 2r nd23ourin= to inc0udM2ori 2nd 02tr P2ci1ic cu0tur20 320us >sn in th P2ci1ic P02n

co582ss 60oB@ in thir 1or520 schoo0in="

Youn= M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 8o80s 2nd 1or520 duc2tion

Intrn2tion20 2ssss5nts( such 2s th Pro=r255 1or Intrn2+tion20 Studnt Assss5nt >PISA@( shoB 2chi35nt r2ts in

Aot2ro2 2r 2t 2 Bor0d c02ss st2nd2rd" HoB3r( such 2ssss5nts

continu to d5onstr2t 2 52or =28 6tBn thos Bho 2r doin=

B00 2nd thos Bho 2r not >Ministr4 o1 Educ2tion( /;;?@" A0ton+

L >/;;#( K@ st2td th2t in ths tsts 9M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic studnts

12tur 8ro5innt04 25on=st th studnts th2t 8r1or5 8oor04:" A

ustion 1or 1utur rs2rch th2t B2s 2sd 64 Fr=uson( Gorinsi(Wndt+S25u M2r2 >/;;K(


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37

cnt o1 th Borin= 2= 8o8u02tion in /;St2tistics NB J202nd(

/;;?@" As McM2hon >/;;/( %@ h2s o6sr3d 9Th 8ct2tion th2t

schoo0s Bi00 2cti304 2nd d0i6r2t04 s to i58ro3 M2ori 2nd

P2ci1ic duc2tion outco5s is not 2 0i6r20 nict4 6ut 2n ur=nt n+cssit4.: Si5i02r thou=hts ist 64ond th 1or520 02rnin= sctor

in tr5s o1 2ssssin= Bh2t duc2tion20 2nd 026or o88ortunitis Bi00

6 232i0260 to M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 4outh i1 1or520 duc2tion con+

tinus to 6 2n unsuccss1u0 8rinc 1or th5"

On o1 th 52in r2sons o11rd 2s usti1ic2tions 1or ths 8oor

8r1or52nc st2tistics 1or M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic studnts is th2t th

curricu02( 2nd th B24 it is t2u=ht >8d2=o=4@( 2r dri3d 1ro5outsid th cu0tur20 8rincs o1 M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic studnts

>$isho8 G04nn( %... Th252n( %.KK( Wndt( %.K*@" &o0oto

>%..K(@ Th252n( >%..*( %..*@ 2nd V2io0ti( Morrison( Rs

>/;;#@ rco=nisd th2t Wstrn scinti1ic duc2tion is 3it20 1or /%st

Cntur4 6ut not 2t th 8ns o1 P2ci1ic 2nd M2ori 320us Bhich is

260 to 8ro3id 2 1ir5 sns o1 idntit4 2s B00 2s 2 sns o1 con1i+

dnc to t2 82rt in thir co55unitis cu0tur20 0i3s"Wndt >%.K*@ hu52nid th rsu0t o1 th schoo0 12i0ur 1or P2+

ci1ic studnts" It s5s thr1or th2t ths 8ro605s h23 5o+

tion20( cu0tur20 2nd s8iritu20 di5nsions 2nd( i1 th4 2r not 2t+

tndd to Bith c2r( th4 c2n 02d to 5nt20 2nd 5otion20 issus

th2t Bi00 i582ct on th indi3idu20s concrnd 2s B00 2s thir 125i+

0is 2nd thir 2s8ir2tions 1or th 1utur" In th s25 docu5nt(

Wndt >%.K*( %


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38

tion is shoBin= si=ns th2t it Bi00 not 6 th do5in2nt =rou8 it usd

to 6" On04 *; o1 schoo0 studnts in th North Is02nd o1

Aot2ro2NB J202nd 2r P28202n=i 2nd *? 1or th South Is02nd

>V2io0ti( /;%%@ 2nd th4 continu to 02= 6hind th n2tur20 =roBtho1 othr Aot2ro2 thnic 8o8u02tions" Th 52orit4 o1 M2ori 2nd

P2ci1ic 8o80 2r 4outh1u0 2nd 2r in th chi0d 62rin= 2= 62nd"

A r8ort "he Health an# 5elbein( o) Secon#ar+ School St%#ent$

in !e 6ealan# 64 th Ado0scnt H20th Rs2rch Grou8 >AHRG@(

>/;;K@ o1 th Uni3rsit4 o1 Auc02nd( 1ound th2t 9Most Ton=2ns

>K.@ 2r 3r4 8roud o1 6in= Ton=2n 2nd 205ost ./ considrd

it is i58ort2nt to 6 rco=nisd 2s 2 Ton=2n" For S25o2n studnts(.# indic2td it B2s i58ort2nt to 6 rco=nisd 2s 2 S25o2n" For

othr P2ci1ic studnts inc0udin= To02un( Fii2n 2nd othrs- 920+

5ost KK indic2td th2t it B2s i58ort2nt to 6 rco=nisd 2s 2

8rson 1ro5 thir oBn cu0tur: >AHRG( /;;K( 88" %/+%#@" Int=r20

to 6in= P2ci1ic 2r critic20 12ctors "=" noBin= 125i04 o60i=2tions(

noBin= ons =n20o=4 Bhich is o1tn 2ssoci2td Bith s8iritu20it4

noBin= Bhn( Bh4( hoB 0o3 is 8rssd noBin= th d=r(ti5 2nd 288ro8ri2tnss o1 sr3ic =i3n to th church( ons 3i0+

02= tc" Th ti5( d=r 2nd circu5st2nc o1 2ch o1 ths 12ctors

2r =uidd 64 i0o" Th tchnic20( 5otion20 2nd s8iritu20 noB0d=

usd to 8r1or5 ths 2ctions 2r =2ind throu=h 2o >1or520(

in1or520 2nd non+1or520@" Fordh25 >%..#@ =i3s us so5 ho8 1or

t2chin= 320us Bhn h 2r=ud th2t in1or520 duc2tion >in1or520

2o@ is 6st 1or t2chin= 320us" Th Ministr4 o1 Educ2tion >/;;.@Bnt on 1urthr to indic2t th2t P2ci1ic 8o80 h23 5u0ti80

Bor0d3iBs 2nd di3rs cu0tur20 idntitis 2nd nsurin= 4oun=

8o80 2r 8rsnt in thir duc2tion( n=2=d 2nd 2chi3in= its

sh2rd rs8onsi6i0it4"


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39

Wor0d3iBs

In /;%%( thr is sti00 2 3r4 distinct 8r2ctic o1 M2ori 320us Bhich

=2ins its sourc 1ro5 th 2r04 storis o1 cr2tion( ori=in2tin= inPo04nsi2" $oth th M2ori Bor0d 2nd th P2ci1ic Bor0d 2r c4c0ic

2nd ho0istic" It 0ins 2ch 8rson to 3r4 0i3in= thin= 2nd 56r2cs

cu0tur20 conc8ts =" Bh228282 >=n20o=4@ Bhich 1or5s th

1ound2tions o1 Bh2n2u12n2u >125i04@ B006in= >&22i( Moor1i0d(

Ri004( Mos04( /;;2iti2it2n=2@ Bhich ss to 8rsr3 2nd tr2t rsourcs in 2

sust2in260 B24" Th2t s8iritu20 intrconnctdnss 2cnoB0d=sth i58ort2nc o1 2 s8iritu20 Bor0d 1ro5 Bhich on ss =uid2nc

2nd in so5 c2ss 802n2tions to 3nts"

M2n4 othr 320us undr8in 2nd 2r int=r20 to M2ori

Po04nsi2n thinin=" For 2580 2roh2o12 Bhich c2rris on

52nin= o1 uncondition20 =nrosit4 t28u 6in= th r=u02tor4

ordr o1 M2ori socit4 r2n=2tir2t2n=2 2nd 52n2 or chi1t2inshi8

Bhich is 2n int=r20 82rt o1 co00cti3 02drshi8 rs8onsi6i0itis"Intrinsic to M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic socitis is its ritu20istic n2tur( its 2c+

count26i0it4 to th 82st 2s B00 2s th 1utur( its co00cti3 orint2+

tion 2nd its 58h2sis on 8rocsss 2s 5uch 2s outco5s" Cu0tur20

8r2ctiss >ti2n=2@ occurs 5or intns04 in th tr2dition20 sttin=

o1 th 52r2 >5tin= 802cs( 2 cu0tur20 2nd s8iritu20 1ocus o1 2


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40

M2ori iBi or h28u@ 6ut 20so 8r52t throu=h 52n4 1or2( 2nd insti+

tutions throu=hout Aot2ro2 206it Bith tri620 32ri2tions"

In M2ori duc2tion( 2 =roBin= nu56r o1 M2ori duc2tion20ists(

S5ith >%...@( S5ith >%..,@( $isho8 2nd G04nn >%...@( W20r>/;;S5ith( G"( %..,@-

– "ino ran(atiratan(a ' th s01+dtr5in2tion 8rinci80

–

"aon(a t%2% iho + th cu0tur20 2s8ir2tions 8rinci80– A2o Maori + th cu0tur2004 8r1rrd 8d2=o=4 8rinci80

– Kia -i2i a2e i n(7 rar%rar% o te 27in(a ' th socio+cono5ic

5di2tion 8rinci80

– 5h7na% + th tndd 125i04 structur 8rinci80

– Ka%-a-a ' th co00cti3 8hi0oso8h4 8rinci80

Ths conc8ts Bi00 6 802ind 1urthr in r=2rds to 2 0i10on=duc2tion 5od0 1or M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 6ut it hi=h0i=hts 11orts 2nd

2ssrti3nss to 2d28t 2n indi=nous consciousnss to cont58o+

r2r4 duc2tion20 sttin=s Bithout 0osin= th 2uthntic sourc o1

noB0d="


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41

M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 2=2inst 2 62cdro8 o1 0i10on= 02rnin=

So Bh2t dos this 52n 1or 0i10on= duc2tion 1or M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic

4outhX Li10on= 02rnin= is not 2 nB conc8t or 8r2ctic" It is 82rto1 2 6ro2dr 288ro2ch to duc2tion Bhich is r02td to

Bh2n2u12n2u >125i04@( h28u >su6tri6@ 3i002= 2nd iBi >tri620@

n2tion20 duc2tion 2nd d30o85nt o1 Bhich s01+dtr5in2tion

is critic20 >Ministr4 o1 Educ2tion( /;;%@" Li10on= 02rnin= 1or M2ori

2nd P2ci1ic co55unitis is 8o0itic20 2nd ustions 5ust 6 2sd 2s

to Bhos duc2tion is undr discussion 2nd 1or Bh2t 8ur8oss 2nd

nd" Pr8tu2tion o1 cu0tur is 2n int=r20 82rt 6ut u2004 2s i5+8ort2nt is th 12ct th2t duc2tion 5ust 20so 5t cu0tur20 2s8ir2+

tions( 6 const2nt04 3o03in= 2nd rs8ond to ch200n=s in 2 hi=h04

tchno0o=ic20 2nd =0o620isd Bor0d" Cntr20 to M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic

concrns hoB3r is contro0 2nd 2ccount26i0it4 62c to thir co5+

5unitis this 6in= th 8roo1 2o h2s 6n 2chi3d" It is in th r+

20is2tion o1 th 6n1ici20 2880ic2tion o1 2o to sr3ic th2t 6n1its

th co55unit4" In this c2s it is ons co55unit4 th2t dcids i1 202rnrs duc2tion h2s 6n 2 succss" Ti2ti2 >%..K@ su==std

th2t 1or P2ci1ic 8o80s( co55unitis 2r 6ui0t on th 62sis th2t

3r4on is 2B2r 2nd undrt2s thir ro0s 1or co55unit4 B00+

6in="

Th 1or520 duc2tion20 curricu0u5 in NB J202nd Bhich tr2di+

tion2004 1o00oBd th Wstrn 5od0 o1 duc2tion r2r04 inc0udd

cu0tur20 ro0s th2t 8ro3id 5or20 cod or insi=ht1u0nss to 0i3in= inM2ori or P2ci1ic co55unit4 =rou8s 2nd thr1or M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic

02rnrs 524 023 th 1or520 sctor un8r82rd to 0i3 in thir

oBn co55unitis" I1 th4 2r not ui88d Bith ths 02rnin=s

th2t shou0d =uid th5 to 8r1or5 thir ro0s 6n1ici2004 1or 125i+

0is 2nd th co55unit4 thn h2r5on4 Bhich is th u0ti52t rsu0t

o1 8oto Bi00 not 6 2chi3d" Th u0ti52t =o20 o1 2o 1or P2ci1ic


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42

8o80 is to 0i3 h2r5onious04 in 2 sust2in260 r02tionshi8 Bith

othrs( th n3iron5nt 2nd thir Gods >V2io0ti( /;%%@" In M2ori

2nd P2ci1ic co55unitis( thr is on=oin= t2chin= 64 6oth =rou8s(

in10unti20 2du0ts 2nd 125i04 556rs o1 4outh so th2t th4 Bi00continu to 8r2ctis 2nd 8r8tu2t cu0tur20 nor5s 2ccordin= to

thir oBn cods 2nd 8ct2tions" Duri >/;;%@( 2 B00+noBn

M2ori 2c2d5ic ch200n=s th duc2tion20 s4st5 to 5t 6oth th

cu0tur20 8ct2tions 2s B00 2s th 8ct2tions o1 2 Bstrn s4s+

t5 i1 our 4outh 2r =oin= to 52i5is thir 02rnin= 8otnti20"

This is not th rs8onsi6i0it4 o1 th 1or520 s4st5 20on" Non+1or+

520 duc2tion Bhich c2n occur 2t th ho5s( th churchs 2ndothr cu0tur20 cntrs 5ust 20so 6 82rt o1 th so0ution"

Ao 2nd Fordh25s 5od0 o1 ho0istic duc2tion

On o1 th ndurin= th5s in th 0itr2tur o1 2du0t duc2tion( 2c+

cordin= to Fordh25 >%..#@( h2s 6n th2t th duc2tion 8ro3iddshou0d 6 in th intrsts o1 th 02rnrs 2nd curricu0u5 802nnin=

shou0d 8r1r2604 6 undrt2n 64 th 02rnrs th5s03s

thr1or 2d3oc2tin= 1or 2 6otto5 u8Z 288ro2ch" It is 20so o1tn

2r=ud th2t this 288ro2ch 58oBrs 02rnrs to undrst2nd 2nd i1

ncss2r4 ch2n= th soci20 structur 2round th5" Fordh25

>%..#@ continus- Z2580s Bhr thr is 2 =nuin sns o1

oBnrshi8 2r not 2s4 to 1ind 2nd 205ost 200 h23 2n 05nt o1co55unit4 outr2ch 2s 82rt o1 th =nr20 or=2ni2tion" Accordin=

to Fordh25 >%..#@( 2580s o1 to8+doBn non+1or520 8ro=r255s

2r 580o4r+0d 2nd St2t 8ro3idd tr2inin=s" This 3iB 82r2000s

th distinctions th2t 11s 2nd S5ith >%...@ 52 6tBn 1or520

2nd in1or520 duc2tion 3i2 curricu0u5" In this B24 1or520

duc2tion Bou0d 6ro2d04 288roi52t to to8+doBn curricu0u5


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44

sctor Bi00 continu Bith its cono5ic 2nd scinc 62sd duc2tion"

Th non+1or520 sctor Bhich Bi00 inhrit 52n4 M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic

4outh c2n n=oti2t thir curricu0u5 t2in= into 2ccount th co+

no5ic nd o1 th n2tion 2s B00 2s th cu0tur20( s8iritu20 2nd soci20nds o1 th 02rnrs 2nd thir co55unitis"

For M2ori( in 2ddrssin= th issus o1 M2ori undr2chi35nt

in th 1or520 sctor( to t2rnish ons con1idnc 5ust not 6 20+

0oBd" This Bi00 6 2n inco580t 3iB o1 duc2tion" For520 du+

c2tion Bith 2 0i6r20 52rt 1r25Bor 2nd st curricu0u5 is

h2r51u0 to indi=nous cu0turs 2nd noB0d= >Go0ds5ith( %../

S5ith( %.., V2io0ti( /;%%@ 2s it c2n dis58oBr th 02rnrs"Li10on= duc2tion 1or M2ori c2n 8024 2 8ri5 ro0( in o11rin=

02rnin= o88ortunitis 1or thir n=2=5nt( n=oti2t th curric+

u0u5 in 2 B24 th2t 2cnoB0d=s thir 320us discussd in this 82+

8r succd in 2nd 52 2 contri6ution to on=oin= tri620 d30o8+

5nt 2s B00 2s citinshi8 =nr2004"

Li10on= 02rnin= discours

Li10on= 02rnin= c2n 6 6ro2d04 d1ind 2s 02rnin= th2t is 8ursud

throu=hout 0i1- 02rnin= th2t is 10i60( di3rs 2nd 232i0260 2nd

524 h288n s8ont2nous04 2s B00 2s 6in= 802nnd" Th 8o8u02r

D0ors 1r25Bor o1 02rnin= n2504- 902rnin= to 6( 02rnin= to

noB( 02rnin= to do 2nd 02rnin= to 0i3 to=thr: B2s 8ositd 2nd2cc8td 2s 2 1r25Bor to thin 26out th outco5s o1 th 0i1+

0on= 02rnin= 8rocss" It 2d3oc2ts 1or 2n 2=nd2 1or 0i10on=

02rnin= th2t is not dri3n 64 cono5ic 2nd 026or i58r2ti3s 6ut

to h23 2s its 2i5 th 1u00 d30o85nt o1 th indi3idu20" In this

B24( it rson2ts Bith th thinin= o1 M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic thinin=

2nd 2o th cntr20 thsis o1 this 828r" Indi=nous 8o80 =2thr+


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45

in= in r2dinss 1or CONFINTEA V( Wor0d Adu0t Educ2tion Con1r+

nc in %..,( 52d th D0ors st2t5nt r032nt to th5 64 st2t+

in=-

– L2rnin= to 6 [ 1or indi=nous 8o80( this is th ri=ht o1 s01+idnti1ic2tion 2nd s01+d1inition

– L2rnin= to noB[ th ri=ht to s01+noB0d="

– L2rnin= to do[ th ri=ht to s01+d30o85nt

– L2rnin= to 0i3 to=thr+ th ri=ht to s01 dtr5in2tion

In 8r82r2tion 1or th %.., Con1rnc( indi=nous 8o80 5t in

O22c2( Mico 2nd 2=rd on 2 Dc02r2tion 1or Adu0t Educ2tion 1orIndi=nous Po8u02tions >%..,@" It cont2ins tBnt4 i=ht 2rtic0s

Bhich inc0ud-

– Artic0 Fi3+ Adu0t duc2tion 1or indi=nous 8o80s 5ust 6

0ind to thir dstinis 2s indi3idu20s 2nd 2s co55unitis"

– Artic0 Ei=ht+ Adu0t duc2tion 5ust 6 2n on+=oin= 8rocss th2t

o8ns u8 th 6ro2dst 2rr24 o1 o8tions( o88ortunitis 2nd 8os+

si6i0itis to 3r4 indi=nous 8o80"– Artic0 TBnt4 tBo+ Adu0t duc2tion initi2ti3s 5ust rs8ct in+

di=nous co55unitis 2s noB0d=260 82rtnrs 2nd 56r2c

th5 2s u20 82rtici82nts in 82rtici82tor4 802nnin=( i580+

5nt2tion 2nd 320u2tion"

Mor rcnt04 th Dc02r2tion o1 Ri=hts 1or Indi=nous Po80 B2s

2cc8td 64 n2r04 200 Unitd N2tion countris 2nd Artic0 %< in r+02tion to duc2tion st2ts th2t-

– Indi=nous 8o80s h23 th ri=ht to st260ish 2nd contro0 thir

duc2tion20 s4st5s 2nd institutions 8ro3idin= duc2tion in

thir oBn 02n=u2=s( in 2 52nnr 288ro8ri2t to thir cu0tur20

5thods o1 t2chin= 2nd 02rnin="


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46

– Indi=nous indi3idu20s( 82rticu02r04 chi0drn( h23 th ri=ht to

200 030s 2nd 1or5s o1 duc2tion o1 th St2t Bithout discri5i+

n2tion"

– St2ts sh200( in conunction Bith indi=nous 8o80s( t2 11c+ti3 52surs( in ordr 1or indi=nous indi3idu20s( 82rticu02r04

chi0drn( inc0udin= thos 0i3in= outsid thir co55unitis( to

h23 2ccss( Bhn 8ossi60( to 2n duc2tion in thir oBn cu0+

tur 2nd 8ro3idd in thir oBn 02n=u2="

>Sourc- Artic0 %


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47

=thr Bhi0 52int2inin= s01+dtr5in2tion" This shoBs M2ori

2nd P2ci1ic 26i0it4 to rs8ond to =0o620 contts Bhi0 scurin=

2nd r211ir5in= thir oBn cu0tur20 8r2ctics o1 Bhich th4

52int2in contro0"– "aon(a t%2% iho 8 the c%lt%ral a$-iration$ -rinci-le" This nco5+

82sss th D0ors 902rnin= to 6: 8rinci80( M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic

noB0d= 2nd tr2dition20 s4st5s 2r 0=iti52td" Th 02rnr

is n=2=d in 2 02rnin= r02tion throu=h th 8rocss o1 92o:

Bhr thir ro0 in th co55unit4 is 211ir5d contri6utin= to

th o3r200 B006in= o1 th co00cti3 unit" Educ2tion20 2s8ir2+

tions 2r dtr5ind 64 M2ori" L2n=u2= 2nd cu0tur 1or5 thduc2tion20 62s 4t not Bithout critiu o1 thir oBn cu0tur20

nor5s Bhich 200oBs 1or 2 cu0tur20 rs8onsi3nss to issus"

– A2o Maori 8 the 9c%lt%rall+ -re)erre# -e#a(o(+ -rinci-le. T2ch+

in= 2nd 02rnin= conncts Bith M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic cu0tur 2nd

62c=rounds i58ro3in= ch2ncs o1 succss" M2n4 st40stoo0s

o1 02rnin= 2r incor8or2td Bith 2n 58h2sis on indi=nous

t2chin= tchnius" Th curricu0u5 is 20so r032nt 2cnoB0+d=in= th incidnt20 2nd s8ont2nous 02rnin= s82cs Bithin

co55unitis inc0udin= 02rnin= s82cs in th n2tur20

n3iron5nt" Thr is 20so 82rtici82tion 2nd inc0usion o1 M2ori

2nd P2ci1ic in 802nnin= 2nd curricu0u5 d30o85nt

– Kia -i2i a2e i n(7 rar%rar% o te 27in(a 8 the $ocio*economic

me#iation -rinci-le. This 8rinci80 ncour2=s M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic

to s th 8otnti20it4 th2t duc2tion c2n 6rin=( s8ci2004 1orthos Bhos 8r3ious schoo0in= 8rinc B2s n=2ti3" Ro0

5od00in= 8ositi3 8rincs is i58ort2nt 2nd 200oBs 2 s82c

1or 96u4 in: 1ro5 th co55unit4" Thr is 20so 2ttntion =i3n

to th cono5ic 6n1its th2t 2 =ood duc2tion 6rin=s"

– 5hana% 8 the e3ten#e# )amil+ $tr%ct%re -rinci-le" This c200s on

th ntir tndd 125i04 to co55it to in3stin= in duc2tion

2nd to in3o03 th5s03s 2t 200 030s" Th 8oBr o1 intr=n+


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r2tion20 02rnin= 2nd tr2ns5ission is i58ort2nt so th2t 02rn+

in= 6n1its th indi3idu20 2nd th co55unit4 02din= to in+

cr2sd B006in="

– Ka%-a-a 8 the collecti'e -hilo$o-h+ -rinci-le. This 1ocuss onM2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 2chi3in= in thir oBn duc2tion 2s B00 2s

52instr25 duc2tion" It 200oBs 1or cr2tin= 2 s82c Bhr in+

trcu0tur20 02rnin= 524 20so occur 2cnoB0d=in= th2t M2ori

2nd P2ci1ic nd to 6oth 0i3 2s cu0tur20 6in=s 2nd 20so 6 2

citin o1 th Bor0d" Undr this 8rinci80( th di3rsit4 Bithin

th M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 8o8u02tion is 20so rco=nisd thr64 r+

uirin= 2 M2oriP2ci1ic cntrd 288ro2ch( 2 M2oriP2ci1ic2ddd 288ro2ch 2nd 2 co0026or2ti3 288ro2ch i1 200 M2ori

P2ci1ic 02rnrs 2r to h23 2ccss to u20it4 duc2tion" Di3rs

noB0d= s4st5s 2r 2cnoB0d=d" As st2td 2r0ir( th

M2oriP2ci1ic 8o8u02tion is 4outh1u0 2nd 52n4 4outh do not

82rtici82t in tri620 2cti3itis 6ut do 8rioritis cu0tur20 2cti3itis

to in1or5 2nd nh2nc thir idntit4"

Conc0usion

Succss in 0i10on= 02rnin= ruirs h2rnssin= M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic

8otnti20 2nd di3rsit4 Bithin 2n n260in= duc2tion s4st5 th2t

Bors 1or 4oun= 8o80( thir 125i0is 2nd co55unitis" This r+

uirs th duc2tion s4st5( 02drshi8( 2nd curricu02 to st2rt Bithth M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic 02rnr 2t th cntr( dr2Bin= on stron= cu0+

turs( idntitis 2nd 02n=u2=s" Th Bor0d is ch2n=in= th Bor0d o1

Bor is ch2n=in= B 2r 62rin= Bitnss to n3iron5nt20 non+

sust2in26i0it4 in 2 c0i52t ch2n=in= Bor0d" Th /%st Cntur4 8r+

snts us Bith ch200n=s o1 2 ch2n=in= 026our 52rt Bhich tr2ns+

=rsss n2tion20 6ound2ris 2 hi=h04 tchno0o=ic20 Bor0d Bhich


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rducs th nds 1or hu52n in8uts 2nd 2 d52ndin= =0o620isd

socit4 Bhich i1 200oBd( cou0d run r2582nt04 unchcd" It s5s

th2t B nd to 1ind 20trn2ti3s to 2 02r=04 Bstrnisd duc2tion

s4st5 Bhich h2s not sr3d indi=nous co55unitis B00 2nd thBisdo5 th2t is sourcd 1ro5 2ncint tr2ditions is 2 =ood 802c to

st2rt"

To t2 S5iths 2s8ir2tion 5od0 2nd to 20so dr2B 1ro5

Fordh25s thinin= is to cr4st200is th n2rr2ti3s cont2ind in this

828r in ordr to cr2t 2 0i10on= 02rnin= 5od0 1or M2ori 2nd

P2ci1ic 8o80s Bhich h2s 2t its h2rt( th i58ort2nt cu0tur20 i58r+

2ti3s" Ths 2r sr3ic to th B006in= o1 th co55unit4 02rn+in= 1or th B006in= o1 th sou0( th s8irit 2nd 8h4sic20 B006in=

nsurin= th strn=th o1 idntit4 Bhich is =roundd in th

Bhnu21onu2 or 02nd th r20is2tion o1 th 8otnti20 1orc Bhich

is 4t to 6 t288d 6ut is 1ocusd 2nd 20rt to 1utur 8ossi6i0itis"

A6o3 200 it is 2n 2s8ir2tion Bhi0 2d3oc2tin= 1or cu0tur20 8r8tu2+

tion Bithout 1or=ttin= 26out noB0d= ruird 1or d24 to d24

0i3in=" Ths 2r cntr20 co58onnts o1 2o"

R1rncs

A0ton+L( A" >/;;#@" ;%alit+ teachin( )or #i'er$e $t%#ent$ in $choolin(: &e$te'i#ence $+nthe$i$" W00in=ton( NB J202nd- Ministr4 o1 Educ2tion

$isho8( R"( G04nn( T"( $isho8( R" >%...@" C%lt%re co%nt$: Chan(in( -oer

relation$hi- in e#%cation" P205rston North( NB J202ndDB4( " >%.


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50

Fr=uson( P" $"( Gorinsi( R"( Wndt+S25u( T"( M2r2( D" >/;;K@" Literat%rere'ie on e3-erience$ o) Pa$i)i2a learner$ in the cla$$room$: Re-ort to

the Mini$tr+ o) #%cation" W00in=ton( NB J202ndFordh25( P" E" >%..#@ ZIn1or520( non+1or520 2nd 1or520 duc2tion 8ro+

=r255sZ in YMCA Gor= Wi00i25s Co00= IC Li)elon( Learnin(?nit @( London- YMCA Gor= Wi00i25s Co00="

Go0ds5ith( E" >%../@" "he 5a+: An colo(ical 5orl#*Vie. London(R2ndo5 Cntur4 Grou8 Ltd.

2cson( N" >/;%%@" "he #emo(ra-hic )orce$ $ha-in( !e 6ealan#$ )%t%re.5hat -o-%lation a(ein( reall+B mean$" NIDEA >N2tion20 Institut 1orD5o=r28hic 2nd Econo5ic An204sis- Worin= P28r" Mo % M24 %%

11s( T"( S5ith( M" &" >ds"@ ?$in( In)ormal #%cation. An alternati'e toca$eor2, teachin( an# control Mi0ton &4ns

&2i2i( T"( Hi==ins( R" >/;;Ed"@( #%cation an#chan(e in the Paci)ic Rim: Meetin( the challen(e$" O1ordshir

Ministr4 o1 Educ2tion >/;;?@" PISA Pro(ramme )or International St%#ent A$$e$$mentB" W00in=ton( NB J202nd- Ministr4 o1 Educ2tion

Ministr4 o1 Educ2tion >/;;.@" Paci)ic #%cation Plan" W00in=ton( NB

J202nd- Ministr4 o1 Educ2tionMorrison( S"L"( V2io0ti( T" M" >/;;K@" Ko te tan(ata. It i$ -eo-le. An anal+$i$

o) 2e+ (o'ernment -olic+ #oc%ment$ an# $trate(ie$ to i#enti)+ tren#$

that ill in)l%ence Maori an# Paci)ic -ro(re$$ ithin the a#%lt an# com*

m%nit+ e#%cation ACB $ector an# -ro)e$$ional #e'elo-ment o--ort%ni*

tie$ ithin AC. Co55issiond R8ort 8r82rd 1or th Adu0t 2nd Co55unit4 Educ2tion >ACE@ Pro1ssion20 D30o85nt Worin=Grou8" Rtri3d u04 %( /;%;( 1ro5 htt8-BBB"2c2ot2ro2"or="n"

N8( T" >%..%@" Hao "Dnei Rean(a "e "oi H%area "i-%na" Un+

8u60ishd M"A" Thsis" Auc02nd Uni3rsit4( Auc02ndSt2tistics NB J202nd >/;;,@" ;%ic2Stat$ Abo%t Maori" Rtri3d %?

Octo6r /;%;" Fro5 htt8-BBB"st2ts"=o3t"nNRrdon04rs;.*;#;FK+$D?/+


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S5ith( G" >%..,@" "he #e'elo-ment o) 2a%-a-a MFori: "heor+ an# -ra3i$. Auc02nd( NB J202nd- D82rt5nt o1 Educ2tion( Uni3rsit4 o1 Auc+02nd

S5ith( L" T" >%...@" ecoloni$in( metho#olo(ie$: Re$earch an# in#i(eno%$

-eo-le$" DundinTi2ti2( " >%..K@" Ca%(ht beteen c%lt%re$: A !e 6ealan#*born Paci)ic I$*

lan# -er$-ecti'e" Auc02nd( NB J202nd- Christi2n Rs2rch Associ2+tion

Unitd N2tions Dc02r2tion on th Ri=hts o1 Indi=nous Po80s >/;;,@"htt8-BBB"un"or=s2socd3un81iindc02r2tion"ht50" Accssd/ u04 /;%;"

V2io0ti( T" M"( Morrison( S" L"( Rs( G" >/;;#@" Paci)ic -eo-le$ incl%$ion in AC #e'elo-ment: Re-ort to the "ertiar+ #%cation Commi$$ion A#%lt

an# Comm%nit+ #%cation Re)erence 4ro%- 5or2in( -a-er in -ro(re$$BW00in=ton( NB J202nd- Trti2r4 Educ2tion Co55ission"

V2io0ti( T" M"( Morrison( S" L"( Vr5u0n( W" >/;;/@" Tr2inin= 1or tr2inrsin P2rtici82tor4 02rnin= in S25o2- Co55issiond r8ort 1or th Euro+82n Co55ission( METI" A8i2( Wstrn S25o2"

V2io0ti( E" C"( V2io0ti( T" M" >/;;#@" C%lt%ral moti'ation$ )or learnin(" P2+8r 8rsntd 2t th In2u=ur20 P2ci1ic rs2rch duc2tion s458osiu5>/.th Au=ust@" Th Uni3rsit4 o1 W2i2to( H25i0ton( NB J202nd

V2io0ti( T" M" >/;%%@" T202no2( M2nu0u2 2nd Foun=22o- rameor2$ )or

%$in( "on(an Conce-t$ in contem-orar+ Cla$$room$ in Aotearoa/!e 6ealan#. Un8u60ishd PhD Thsis" Uni3rsit4 o1 W2i2to" H25i0ton

W20r( R">/;;%.K*@" An duc2tion s4st5 1or Bho5X &4not 2ddrss 8r+

sntd 2t th N2tion20 Foru5 on P2ci1ic Is02nd Educ2tion in NB J2+02nd" N=2 T28uB2 Co00=( Auc02nd

$io=r28hic20 nots

San#ra Lee Morri$on is th Associ2t D2n 2nd 2 snior 0cturr 2t th

Schoo0 o1 M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic D30o85nt( Uni3rsit4 o1 W2i2to( NB

J202nd" Fro5 th tri620 =rou8in=s o1 T Ar2B2 2nd T2inui( sh h2s tn+

si3 8rinc in 8ro5otin= 2du0t duc2tion 2nd 0i10on= 02rnin= 1or in+

di=nous 8o80 2t 2 co55unit4 030( 2t 2 n2tion20 2nd 2n intrn2tion20

030" Sh h0d th 8ost o1 Prsidnt o1 ASP$AE( Asi2 South P2ci1ic Associ2+


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tion 1or $2sic 2nd Adu0t Educ2tion 1ro5 /;;; to /;;K( 2nd 1ro5 /;;K to

/;%; sh h2s 6n th I55di2t P2st Prsidnt"

Addrss- T Pu2 W\n2n=2 i t Ao( Schoo0 o1 M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic D30o8+

5nt( Uni3rsit4 o1 W2i2to( H25i0ton( NB J202nd

E52i0- s25orrB2i2to"2c"n

Dr "imote Ma$ima Vaioleti is 2 snior 0cturr 2t th F2cu0t4 o1 Educ2tion(

Uni3rsit4 o1 W2i2to" $orn in th &in=do5 o1 Ton=2( h h2s rsidd in

NB J202nd 1or 52n4 42rs 2nd h2s h2dd 52n4 co55unit4+6ui0din=8rocts( 6n 288ointd 2s 2n 2d3isor4 counci0 556r to s3r20 Minis+

trs o1 th CroBn 2nd h2s tnsi3 3oc2tion20( tchnic20 2nd duc2tion20

8rinc" H ho0ds Bor0d 82tnts 1or Scinti1ic 2nd En=inrin= in3n+

tions 1or th Forstr4( $ui0din= 2nd M2nu12cturin= industris" H is th

Ch2ir o1 IMPAECT]( Indi=nous M2ori 2nd P2ci1ic Adu0t Educ2tion Ch2rit2+

60 Trust] Bhich undrt2s Bor in Ton=2 2nd NB J202nd" H is 2n E+

cuti3 Counci0 M56r o1 ASP$AE"

Addrss- Pro1ssion20 Studis in Educ2tion( F2cu0t4 o1 Educ2tion( Uni3r+

sit4 o1 W2i2to( H25i0ton( NB J202nd

E52i0- 32io0tiB2i2to"2c"n


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Lo%i$e llerton/&ernie Lo'e(ro'e/Joanna Lin#ner

EDUCATION E)PERIENCE SURVEY AND LITERACY

ASSESSMENT ON SOLOMON ISLANDS

S%mmar+: Th Rn60 2nd Is260 duc2tion 8rinc sur34 2nd 0itr+

2c4 2ssss5nt B2s conductd in /;%; 2nd 6ui0ds u8on istin= r+

s2rch in So0o5on Is02nds undrt2n 64 th Asi2 South P2ci1ic Associ2+

tion 1or $2sic 2nd Adu0t Educ2tion >ASP$AE@ 2nd th Co20ition 1or Edu+

c2tion So0o5on Is02nds >COESI@" Th rs2rch rsu0ts 8ro3id 2ccur2tst2tistic2004 si=ni1ic2nt in1or52tion 26out duc2tion in Is260 2nd Rn60

8ro3incs( 2nd n260 3idnc+62sd 8o0ic4 d62t 2nd 2ction to t2

802c 6tBn th Go3rn5nt( duc2tion 82rtnrs( ci3i0 socit4 2nd th

co55unit4" Th 1u00 r8ort 2n204ss in dt2i0 th rsu0ts o1 th sur34

2nd 0itr2c4 2ssss5nt 2nd hi=h0i=hts corr02tions 6tBn 2n indi3id+

u20s duc2tion 8rinc 2nd thir 0itr2c4( 580o45nt 2nd B20th" It

is Borth notin= th2t th trnds in th 5ost rcnt sur34s in Rn60 2nd

Is260 5irror 2r0ir sur34s conductd in M202it2 2nd Honi2r2 in /;;,(2nd thus duc2tion st2ho0drs 2r 12cin= issus th2t =o 64ond 8ro+

3inci20 6ound2ris 2nd ruir s4st52tic n2tion20 rs8onss" Co56ind

Bith 2r0ir rsu0ts( th4 hi=h0i=ht 52n4 srious concrns 2nd 8oint to

th nd 1or 2 r+thin o1 duc2tion 8o0icis to nsur uit260 2nd

u20it4 duc2tion o88ortunitis 1or 200 So0o5on Is02ndrs" ASP$AE 2nd

COESI c200 u8on 200 duc2tion st2ho0drs to ur=nt04 t2 u8 th issus

hi=h0i=htd in th r8ort 2nd to Bor to=thr to nsur th2t Bithin th

So0o5on Is02nds( Educ2tion For A00 64 /;%* is 5or th2n ust 2 rhtori+

c20 s0o=2n"

ສະຫ ຼ ຸບ: !ນ ີ ?@A@ ໄດ ມ້ ກີານສ #າຫ ຼວດທາ'ການສ (ກສາ "ລະ ການະເມ ນີການຮ* ້ໜ 'ັສ , %ອ' BCDECF "ລະ GHIECF ໂດຍອ 'ີ!ສ ບ່ ດົຄ ົ ນ້ຄວ າ້7* ເ່ກາະໂ$ໂລມອນເ$ ິ ່ 'ບ ດົຄ ົນ້ຄວ າ້ນ ີ "້ມ ນ່ເ ນັ%ອ'ສະມາຄ ມົເອເ$ຍ!- ້"ລະ າ$ >ີ ິກສ #າລ ບັການສ (ກ


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ສາ% ັນ້ພ , ້ນ8ານ "ລະ ການສ (ກສາ)* !້ຫຍ ່ +.JKL.01 "ລະ ເ ນັ%ອ'ໂຄ'ການການຮ ວ່ມມ ,ກ ນັທາ'ການສ (ກສາ7* ເ່ກາະໂ$ໂລມອນ +/M0JG12 ) ນົ%ອ'ການຄ ົ ນ້ຄວ າ້ %ອ'ບ ດົຄ ົ ນ້ຄວ າ້ດ ັ '່ກ າ່ວນ ີ ້ ໄດ ກ້າຍເ ນັ% # ມ້ *ນທາ'ສະ8 -ິ ອິ ນັສ #າຄ ນັ!ນເລ , ່ ອ'ການສ (ກ ສາ7* "່%ວ' BCDECF "ລະ GHIECF6 ນອກ&າກນ ັນ້ຍ 'ັສາມາດເຮ ດັ!ຫ ມ້ ກີານໂ- 8້'ເລ , ່ ອ'ນະໂຍບາຍທ ີ ່ !$ -້ ວົ& 'ິເ ນັ8ານ "ລະ ການະ- ບິ ດັ- ວົ& 'ິເກ ດີ% ( ນ້ໄດ ລ້ະຫວ າ່'ລ ດັ8ະບານ6 ຄ* ຮ່ ວ່ມມ ,ທາ'ການສ (ກສາ6 ບ ນັດາອ 'ົການທ ີ ່ ບ # ່ % ( ນ້ກ ບັລ ດັ8ະບານ "ລະ $ຸມ$ ນົ2 ບ ດົຄ ົ ນ້ຄວ າ້ສະບ ບັເ- ັມໄດ ວ້ ເິຄາະ!ຫ ້ເຫ ັນລາຍລະອດ) ນົ%ອ'ການສ #າຫ ຼວດ "ລະ ະເມ ນີການຮ* ໜ້ 'ັສ , "ລະ ຍ 'ັໄດ $້ ີ ້!ຫ ເ້ຫ ັນຄວາມສ #າພ ນັກ ນັລະຫວ າ່'ະສ ບົການເລ , ່ ອ'ການສ (ກສາ%ອ'ບກຸຄ ນົກ ບັການຮ* ໜ້ 'ັສ ,6 ການມ ວີກເຮ ດັ'ານທ #າ "ລະ ຄວາມຮ ັ '່ມ %ີອ'ເ% າົເ& ົ າ້2 ບ # ່ ສະເພາະ"- ່ເທ ົ ່ ານ ັນ້6 ບ ດົຄ ົ ນ້ຄວ າ້ດ ັ '່ກ າ່ວນ ີ ຍ້ 'ັເ ັນ% # ສ້ 'ັເກດອ ນັສ #າຄ ນັວ າ່"ນວໂນ ມ້ທ ີ ່ ສ 'ັເກດໄດ &້າກການສ #າຫ ຼວດລ າ່ສດຸ7* "່%ວ' BCDECF "ລະ GHIECF ນ ີ ໄ້ດ ກ້າຍເ ນັ"ບບ7 າ່'!ຫ "້ກ ບ່ ດົສ #າຫ ຼວດ!= 3່ນ ີ ທ້ ີ ່ ໄດ ສ້ #າຫ ຼວດ7* ່NIFIOPI "ລະ Q


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inc0udd 1our sctions co55on to 2r0ir sur34s 2nd tBo nB sc+

tions 1ocusin= on 580o45nt 8rinc 2nd st2nd2rd o1 0i3in="

Th sur34 instru5nt cont2ind si sctions 2s 1o00oBs- Indi3idu20

8ro1i0 duc2tion 8rinc 02n=u2= 8rinc 0itr2c4 2s+sss5nt 580o45nt 8rinc 2nd B20th st2nd2rd"

Th indi3idu20 8ro1i0 sction o1 th sur34 B2s dsi=nd to c28+

tur in1or52tion 26out th rs8ondnts =ndr 2nd 2=( to 200oB

dis2==r=2tion 2n204sis to t2 802c" Th 1irst sction o1 th sur34

20so inc0udd ustions r02tin= to sourcs o1 in1or52tion 2nd th

rs8ondnts 2ttituds to 0itr2c4 2nd duc2tion"

Th scond 2nd third 82rts o1 th sur34 Br dsi=nd to c28+tur in1or52tion 26out th rs8ondnts duc2tion20 2nd 02n=u2=

8rinc" Th ustions in th scond 82rt o1 th sur34( +

80ord th duc2tion histor4 o1 th indi3idu20( inc0udin= th hi=hst

030 o1 schoo0in= 2nd r2sons 6hind non+co580tion Bhr 28+

8ro8ri2t" Th third 82rt o1 th sur34 ustionn2ir 80ord r+

s8ondnts 02n=u2= 8r1rncs 2nd 2sd rs8ondnts to s01+d+

c02r thir 0itr2c4 st2tus"Th 1ourth 82rt o1 th sur34 B2s th 0itr2c4 2ssss5nt 2nd 2s

8r th 5thodo0o=4 in th thr 8r3ious sur34s( th 0itr2c4 2s+

sss5nt B2s c2rrid out 1or on04 thos 82rtici82nts Bho s01+d+

c02rd 2n 26i0it4 to r2d ithr En=0ish or Piin" Within th So0o5on

Is02nds( En=0ish is th on04 o11ici20 02n=u2=( 6ut Piin is th 0in=u2

1r2nc2" Hnc to n260 2 =r2tr 8ro8ortion o1 th 8o8u02tion to

d5onstr2t thir 0itr2c4( 6oth 02n=u2=s Br 2ssssd" Thr+1or( thos rs8ondnts Bho indic2td th2t th4 cou0d r2d so5(

cou0d 5ost04 r2d or cou0d r2d 2si04 in ithr En=0ish or Piin(

82rtici82td in th 0itr2c4 2ssss5nt" In contr2st( thos rs8ond+

nts Bho indic2td th2t th4 cou0d not r2d ithr En=0ish or Piin

did not undrt2 th 0itr2c4 2ssss5nt 2nd Br c02ssi1id 2s

non+0itr2t" A s2580 o1 th 0itr2c4 2ssss5nt is cont2ind

Bithin A88ndi A 2t th nd o1 this r8ort"


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As 8r th thr 8r3ious sur34s in So0o5on Is02nds( th 0itr+

2c4 2ssss5nt 1ocussd on 2ch co58onnt si00 o1 0itr2c4- r2d+

in=( Britin= 2nd nu5r2c4( 2s B00 2s th 26i0it4 to 28804 ths

si00s in 125i0i2r contts in 3r4d24 0i1" Th 2ssss5nt too0 con+t2ind 2 =r2du2td sris o1 ustions in 2ch si00 2r2-

− R2din= si00s Br tstd 64 2sin= rs8ondnts to 52tch

thr 8icturs Bith thr corrs8ondin= n25s to r2d tBo

sntncs 20oud 2nd to r2d 2 si580 stor4 >o1 si sntncs@

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Adult Education in Southeast Asia and the Pacific