Adaptation-compensational

processes

According prof. Ya.Ya. Bodnar

Assistant-prof. V.Voloshyn

Adaptation

In-biological concept it represents morpho-functional reconstraction of organism/organ which directed to providing of his existence at the condition of uninjured deviation from the biological constants of environment and internal environment.

Compensation (indemnification)

General biological concept, which represents concrete, more narrow display of morpho-functional changes which directed to the correction of the broken functions in a sick organism through its individual situational reactions

Hypertrophy

Hypertrophy (from a lat. hyper - superfluously, trophe is feed) is volume multiplying the of cell, tissue or organ due to reproduction of cells or multiplying an amount and sizes of intracells ultrastructures.

Hypertrophy

Veritable Unveritable

Phisiological At pathological conditions

Compensational

Vicaric (substitute)

Neuro-humor

Cell

Hypertrophy excrescence

Hyperplasia

Intracell

Tissue

Myocardial hypertrophy

Myocardial hypertrophy

Nodular hypertrophy of thyroid gland

Hyperplasia

Hypertrophy is inalienably( невід’ємно) related to hyperplasia (from a lat. plaseo - I form) which shows up in reproduction of cells the way of mitosis (cellular hyperplasia), excrescence of tissues (tissue hyperplasia) and ultrastructures (intracellular hyperplasia).

Hyperplasia

Hyperplasia

Neural hyperplasia

Follicular hyperplasia

Atrophy

Atrophy is occurring during one’s lifetime diminishing of organs volume, tissues and cells, which is accompanied to weakening or stoppings of their function.

ATROPHY

At pathological conditionsPhisiological

Alimantary emaciation (kahexy)

Cancer depletion (kahexy)

Cerebral kahexy

Hypophyseal depletion

Kahexy at chronic infections

Disfunctional

At blood supplying insufficient

From pressure

Tropho-neurotic

From phisical & chemical acts

Common Local

Local atrophy

a – dysfunctional b – insufficient of blood

supplying c – tropho-neurotic d – from pressure

Regeneration

By a term regeneration (from a lat. regeneratio is renewal) marked the process of renew of the organized matter in the area of damage. Self-renew takes place at molecular, subcellular, cellular, tissue and organ levels and removes principle of autoadjusting (autoregulate) of vital functions.

Regeneration

Physiologic Reparatic Pathologic

Restitution

Substitution

Regenerativ hyperthrophy

Hyperregeneration

Hyporegeneration

Intracellular hyperplasia

Cellular hyperplasia

Organization Organization is the protective –

adaptation process, directed to separation & substituting of the necrosis, hemorrhage or exsudate, and also blood clots, foreign bodies and vermin niduses (hearths) by granulation tissue

Fibrin organization (lung carnification).The type of organization is encapsulation around the trichinella

Wounds healing (cicatrization)

Epitelisation Under scab By primary strain

By secondary

strain

Wound cicatrization by primary strain

Wound cicatrization by secondary strain

Metaplasia

Direct or mediated converting of one type of tissue into other

I thank you for attention!