A Web Analysis of Indian Public School Libraries’ Engagement With Science Open Educational Resources

Sagender Singh Parmar, PhD ScholarSchool of Library & Information Science, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar

Sagender Singh Parmar

PhD Scholar

School of Library & Information Science

Central University of Gujarat

Sector-29, Gandhinagar-382030

Email: Sagender.singh@cug.ac.in

Phone: 7988882850

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CBSE. (2019). Central Board of Secondary Education - Online School Affiliation & Monitoring System R-2.0. Retrieved February 5, 2019, from

http://cbseaff.nic.in/cbse_aff/schdir_Report/userview.aspx

DAV College Managing Committee. (2018). DAV College Managing Committee Logo. Retrieved February 9, 2019, from http://davcmc.net.in/

Ialoveni.info. (2018). Hyperlink Hand Icon. Retrieved February 13, 2019, from https://ialoveni.info/2018/hyperlink-hand-icon-png.asp

IIT Gandhinagar. (2018). IIT Gandhinagar Logo. Retrieved February 17, 2019, from https://www.iitgn.ac.in/

NIC. (2016). CBSE Logo. Retrieved February 9, 2019, from https://cbse.allresultsnic.in/12th-result.html/cbse-net-logo

Niti Aayog. (2019). Atal Innovation Mission Logo. Retrieved February 13, 2019, from https://aim.gov.in/

School, S. F. (2014). St. Francis School, Indirapuram Logo. Retrieved February 9, 2019, from http://www.sfsindirapuram.com/

Shri Sanatan Dharam Saraswati Bal Mandir Sr. Sec. School. (2013). SSDS Mandir Logo. Retrieved February 9, 2019, from www.sbmpb.com

UNESCO. (2018). DRAFT text 18 April 2018 - Recommendation on Open Educational Resources (OER). Retrieved from https://www.oercongress.org/wp-

content/uploads/2018/04/Draft-OER-Recommendation-Version-Draft-18-April-2018-text-for-online-consultation-ENG.pdf

UNESCO. (2019). Download the OER Logo. Retrieved February 15, 2019, from https://en.unesco.org/oer/logo

References

4. Results of OERs Awareness1. Introduction

2. Methodology

UNESCO (2018) in its draft text of 18 April 2018 recommendation on Open

Educational Resources (OERs) defines them as teaching, learning and research

materials in any medium digital or otherwise that reside in the public domain or

have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use,

adaptation & redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions.

The author expresses his gratitude

to the faculty of School of Library &

Information Science, Central

University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar

for their valuable inputs during the

course of this study.

56%(1335)

10%(229)

34%(809)

Total CBSE Affiliated Schools in Delhi Region : 2373 (as on 05/02/2019)

Govt. & Govt Aided Foreign Category Independent

• S.R DAV Public School, Dayanand Vihar• D.L DAV Model Sr Sec School, Pritam Pura• DAV Centenary Public School, Paschim Enclave• Shri Sanatan Dharam Saraswati Bal Mandir, Punjabi Bagh

29.9% (242)

7.9% (64)

40.3%(326)

2.5% (20)

1.1% (9)

18.3% (148)

0 10 20 30 40 50

Schools not maintaining website

Schools with websites but not mentioninglibrary on the site

Schools with websites but absence of librarywebpage

Schools with website but facility pages areblank/not opening

Schools websites which encounteredtroubleshooting

Schools maintaining designated webpagefor library

3% (4)

97%(144)

School libraries with webpage maintianing OERs

Schools maintaining designated webpage forlibrary

(OERs Advocacy)

Web analysis of IPSs affiliated to CBSE (Delhi Region) to

find out the advocacy of OERs by

IPSLs

(Science OERs awareness)

Online questionnaire

survey to find out OERs awareness among Science

Teachers’

• Consulted CBSE school directory to know the total IPSs of Delhi Region

• Identified 2373 IPSs checked individually to identify their category

• Identified IPSs websites were searched for maintaining library webpage

• IPSs library webpages checked for the maintenance of OERs

National Digital Library of India

(CC BY-SA)

National Repository of Open Educational Resources

(CC BY-SA)

Karnataka Open Educational Resources (KOER)

(CC BY-SA)

TESS India (CC BY-SA)

Project OSCAR(Open Source Courseware Animation Repository)

(CC BY-NC-SA)

NPTEL

(National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning)

(CC BY-SA)

Khan Academy (CC BY-NC-SA)

Open Text Book Library (CC BY)

MIT Blossoms (CC BY-NC-SA)

Utah's Open Textbook Projects

(CC BY-NC-SA)

OpenStax CNX (CC BY)

The National Science Digital Library

(CC BY-NC-SA)

PhET Interactive Simulation

(CC BY)

Siyavula (CC BY-ND)

Fig. 2 Sampling Techniques Fig. 3 Web Analysis Process

Fig. 4 Categories of CBSE Affiliated Schools of Delhi Region

Fig. 5 Web Analysis of CBSE Delhi Region IPSs for Library Webpage

Fig. 6 CBSE IPSs (Delhi Region) With Webpages

Maintaining OERs

Fig. 11 Nationally Developed OERs Including Science Subject

Fig. 12 Internationally Developed OERs Including Science Subject

Acknowledgement

Abbreviations- CBSE: Central Board of Secondary Education IPSs: Indian Public Schools IPSLs: Indian Public School Libraries OERs: Open Educational Resources

Fig. 7 Awareness on OERs Fig. 8 Purpose of Using OERs

Fig.9 OERs Known to Science Teachers’ Fig. 10 Science Teachers’ Expectations from School Libraries on OERs

5. Science OERs for School EducationThe study adopts quantitative approaches of web analysis to identify OERs advocacy by

IPSLs & survey method to find out awareness of science OERs among science teachers

for its data collection. Being a time frame study, using a convenience sampling

probability method an online questionnaire sent to 19 science teachers of B K Birla

Centre for Education Pune (7), Sehwag International school Jhajjar (5) & Madhava Kripa

English Nursery and Higher Primary School, Manipal (7) out of which 10 (52.6%) (6,2&2

respectively from each school) responded. The same has been selected to draw results.

IPSs under CBSE Delhi region identified maintaining OERs-

40% (4)

70% (7)

30% (3) 30% (3)

40% (4)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Introduction toOERs throughlecture series

Provide links toOERs on library

web-page

Develop a web-page dedicatedto OERs suiting

to varioussubjects

Awarenessprograms on

the CC licensesattached to

OERs

Maintenance ofOERs on smart

class roomboard

6. Findings & Conclusion3. Results of IPSs OERs Advocacy

OERs Advocacy &

Awareness on Science OERs

27.5% (148 out of 538) IPSs

maintain webpage of their

library

Only 3% (4/148) IPSLs are

advocating OERs through their

webpage or Blog

40.3% (326 out of 809) IPSs had

mentioned about their library on

website, and 30% (242) IPSs does not have website itself

Majority of science teachers are aware (80%)

aware about OERs but completely

unaware on Creative Common

licenses

For enriching their subject

knowledge & as a reference tools are the major

purpose of using OERs by science

teachers

Khan Academy & Science in School OERs are highly

known to science teachers’ followed by National Digital

Library of India

Fig. 13 Findings

80% (8)

20% (2)

Yes

No

Not Exactly

20% (2)

0%

40% (4)

30% (3)

10% (1)

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

45.00%

To accomplishschool teaching

work

To explain topicto the students

in classroom

To enrichknowledge on

the topic

As a referencetool along with

subjectresources

To enhancescientificwriting

Science education in India has observed a paradigm shift from traditional examination orientated to the applicability aspect

Study identified a gap between awareness (71%) of OERs & their availability

on IPSLs webpages (3%)

70% science teachers showed their expectation from their libraries to provide links to the OERs. IPSLs have to take the initiative to link important & useful OERs from their webpage.

IPSs and IPSLs conclusively should play their role of prominent advocators in the Open Access Movement

Fig. 14 Conclusion

To find out whether the Indian Public Schools maintaining their website have a dedicated webpage for their library or not

To analyze the library webpage for the maintenance of OERs through their page or blog

To find out awareness about OERs & purpose of use by science teachers’

To know science teachers’ expectation from the school library regarding OERs

To compile science subject specific OERs useful to the school education

Delhi region of CBSE

mentioned under CBSE school directory is

selected for the study

IPSs of Independent

nature affiliated to CBSE

evaluated for advocacy of the OERs

Study considers only online OERs

licensed under creative

commons (International/Indi

an) & exempts print

Study has not made any efforts to

evaluate OERs content

Objectives of the Study Scope & Limitations of the Study

Fig. 1 Scope & Limitations

40% (4)

10% (1)

30% (3)

0%

80% (8)

10% (1)

10% (1)

10% (1)

0%

70% (7)

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

National Digital Library of India

NIOS (National Institute of OpenSchooling) -OER

NPTEL ( National Programme onTechnology Enhanced Learning)

Project OSCAR

Khan Academy

Utah's Open Textbook Project (Science)

MIT Blossoms

CK-12 Flex Books (Science)

Unplug the TV

Science in School

Total CBSE IPSs in Delhi Region: 809 (as on 05/02/2019)

OERs Advocacy & Awareness on Science OERs