A Hybrid Model of Context-aware Service Provisioning Implemented

on Smart Phones

International Conference on Pervasive Services 200626-29th June 2006

Oriana RivaHelsinki Institute for Information Technology

Santtu ToivonenVTT Technical Research Center of Finland

Food

Music

Movie

SaunaPrint

Art

Traffic

Look at the World from the User’s Perspective

User-centric Model

• The challenge – Locate anytime, anywhere relevant content

available in our daily environments– Relevance has a user-specific definition

• Current practice– Collect context information– Use it to rank/filter content items

• Existing examples– Mobility-aware recommenders– Context-based applications– Remembrance agents

Problems with Current Solutions

• No complete access to user’s personal and contextual information– Privacy, trust, laziness...

• No usage of reviews, observations, and ratings expressed by previous clients– Content from professional service providers is

impersonal, utility-oriented, static, out of date…

– Success of Amazon, human daily practice...

Our solution:

Hybrid model of context-aware service provisioning

Our solution:

Hybrid model of context-aware service provisioning

Outline

• Motivations

• Hybrid model of context-aware service

provisioning

• DYNAMOS Platform

• DYNAMOS Example Application

• Conclusions & Future Works

* DYNAMOS Project (TEKES, VTT, ICT-Turku, Suunto,TeliaSonera) http://virtual.vtt.fi/virtual/proj2/dynamos/

Hybrid Service Provisioning Model

SP Service Provider

U User

SP

U

U U

U

U

U U

U

Service-generated, butuser-annotated, content

User-generated content

Service-generated content

U

U U

U

SP

System-inaccessible

System-inaccessible

System-accessible

Metadata-based Design

U1

S1

U3

Servicedescription

SP1

UserProfile U1

Service instance 1

User instance 1

User ContextU1

User NoteU3

Service Annotation

U2

Traditional service

provisioning system

U2Hybrid service

provisioning system

... Kayano running shoes are 50%

discounted today...

... Awful traffic jam

here...

Outline

• Motivations

• Hybrid Model of Context-aware Service

Provisioning

• DYNAMOS Platform

• DYNAMOS Example Application

• Conclusions & Future Works

DYNAMOS Reference Architecture

DYNAMOS CoreClients Distribution Servers

GPRS ServiceContent

Internet

GPS Satellite

UserContent

2G/3G basestation

Smart phone + sensors

Laptop

GPRS

DYNAMOS Core Modules

Event Server

Web Server

• Implemented in Java• J2ME CLDC 1.0 and MIDP 2.0• Development using Nokia Series 60 phones

• Implemented in Java• J2ME CLDC 1.0 and MIDP 2.0• Development using Nokia Series 60 phones

DYNAMOS Architecture

• Metadata Listeners– Specification and update of metadata information

for users and service content

• Metadata Managers– Process and store metadata

• Matcher + matching functions– Category-based matching– Location-based matching

• Controller– Enforce control policies and preferences

Outline

• Motivations

• Hybrid Model of Context-aware Service

Provisioning

• DYNAMOS Platform

• DYNAMOS Example Application

• Conclusions & Future Works

Case Study: Recreational Boatersin the Turku Archipelago

Requirements Study: Some Results

• Use of mobile phone for – Weather conditions and forecasts (95%)– News (40%)– Services (40%)

• To find out about services– 70% consult printed material (especially harbor

book)

• Limitations– Lack of event-related information– Out of date information– Static guide

DYNAMOS Sailing Application

Regatta Competition Aug 27-28th 2005

1

1

3

3

4

4

5

56

67

7 8

8

910

10

11

11

14

14

13

13

12

12

9

2

2

• 9 sailboats, 28 participants• Nokia 6630 + BT-GPS device

Evaluation Results

• Technical problems due to:- 2G/3G handovers- GPS device disconnections

- Feedback- Interest in social traces

- ”I passed from here, I saw this and I visited this”

- Interest in multimedia content- Post visiting (”curiosity”) and pre-visiting- Importance of knowing in advance about available

services- Personal and public usage of the system- Suggestions for other potential use cases- Risk of spam and trustworthy recommendations

Outline

• Motivations

• Hybrid Model of Context-aware Service

Provisioning

• DYNAMOS Platform

• DYNAMOS Example Application

• Conclusions & Future Works

Conclusions and Future Works

• People found interesting our model of hybrid service provisioning

• Technically, the system can be deployed• In small scale, trust problems and risk of

spam can be smoothed– Communities, clubs, etc.

• August 2006: second regatta competition– More advanced context provisioning – More context functionality will be tested

DYNAMOS Project: http://virtual.vtt.fi/virtual/proj2/dynamos/

Thank you!

oriana.riva@hiit.fi