a Física Atómica Molecular y Nuclear, Dpto. Física Fundamental , Universidad de Salamanca

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Complejo Asistencialde Salamanca

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04/22/23 9th Workshop CHERNE 2013, Salamanca 1

Towards education and training in Health Physics and Radiation Protection in the Faculty of Science of the

University of Salamanca

J.C. Lozanoa, M. Fernándezb, B. Quintanaa, J.A. Whitec, S. Pérezd, A. Garcíae, E. De Senab, S. Rodríguezf

aFísica Atómica Molecular y Nuclear, Dpto. Física Fundamental , Universidad de Salamanca bRadiofísica Hospitalaria, Hospital Clínico de SalamancacFísica Aplicada, Dpto. Física Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca dElectrónica, Dpto. Física Aplicada , Universidad de Salamanca eElectromagnetismo, Dpto. Física Aplicada , Universidad de Salamanca fCiencias de la Computación e Inteligencia Artificial, Informática y Automática , Universidad de Salamanca

9th Workshop - CHERNE 2013

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Really, this initiative was born three years ago:- The Radiophysics Group of the Clinic Hospital of Salamanca

(Sacyl)- The Faculty of Sciences of the University of Salamanca

“Leit motiv”

Trends towards larger needs of personnel in the fields of Health Physics, Technologies in Medical Sciences and Radiation Protection

Future changes in the design of the Medical Physics career in the Europe Union Community and in Spain

Led us to propose a course related those fieldsbut... ...with high education and training levels and

quality

The Master of "Física y Tecnología Médicas" by the University of Salamanca: an option on the pathway since the University Basic Degree to the Medical Physics Expert

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Current scheme for education and training“Especialista en Radiofísica Hospitalaria” in

SpainUniversity Official Degree(4 y new degree “graduado”)(5 y old degree “licenciado”)

National Exam

Theoretical and practical training at accredited

hospitalsMedical Physics Departments

(Unidades Docentes)(3-4 y)

Physics Degree

Only candidates with the higher marks enter the special training

Other scientific or technological degrees with a high physics and mathematics content

Limited access

Coming from system after Bologna processComing from system before Bologna process

The exam is announced by Health MinistryThere is no specific syllabusIt is a questionnaire test Annually established

Currently, medical physicist in Spain is a regulated and well consolidated profession.“However, we must keep the long-term aim in mind, that is, to achieve the requirement of 300 ECTS to qualify for the training and to continue improvement not only in quality training but also in professional practice” (M. Ribas et al., 2011)

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GUIDELINES ON MEDICAL PHYSICS EXPERT (Radiation Protection-draft; EC, 2012). The document contains appropriate recommendations on:

• harmonizing education, training and recognition requirements for MPEs in the European Union within the existing EU legislative framework.

• the education and training structure must be based on the European Higher Education Area and on the European Qualifications Framework for Lifelong Learning (European Parliament and Council, 2008), to achieve the required professional competences.

• the MPE staffing levels necessary to ensure adequate radiation protection of patients and, where appropriate, staff size itself, depending on the size and type of the radiological practice. RP can/must be extended to workers and the work environment.

BACKGROUNDRevision of the Euratom Basic Safety Standards, BSS (European Commission, 2011), motivated by the 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP, 2007):

• It defines the role of the Radiation Protection Expert (RPE) and the Medical Physics Expert (MPE).

• The requirements for information, training and education are addressed and strengthened in a specific title:

The aim is to highlight the importance of education and training in radiation protection and in general in aspects concerned to the MPE competences

Expected changes on the Health Physics career

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Proposed structure of the education and training for a Medical Physicist Expert in EU (Hardiman, 2012, IRPA13)

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UNIVERSITY EDUCATION(300 ECTS)

Postgraduate University Degree

(Master) 60 ECTS

Basic University Degree 240 ECTS

Physicist or another scientific or technological equivalent degree

Postgraduate training 4 y resident in accredited teaching

and training units (hospitals)

On the job trainingHospital

Recommendations by the Comisión Nacional sobre la Especialidad de Radiofísica

Hospitalaria (CNRFH)

CNRFH is working on postgraduate training (4 y) including all the areas using ionizing radiations as well as non ionizing electromagnetic radiation and mechanical energies

What about this stage?• Curriculum non defined yet

• Official or Non-Official Education?

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University Basic Degrees:


Before Bologna process (< 2009-2010)

“Formación Profesional” (Superior-Level Training Program)

Higher Degree

Ph.D. Award (3-5 y)

SITUATION OF HIGH EDUCATION IN SPAIN

Spanish Baccalaureate

First cycle:“Diplomado” (3 y)

HIGH SCHOOL

After Bologna process (> 2009-2010)

Second Cycle:“Licenciado” (+2 y) Engineer (+2-3 y)Architect (+3 y)

Higher Degree (third cycle): Doctoral Courses →Ph.D. Award (3-5 y)

Master Degree:

M.Sc. (1-2 y, equivalent to 60-120 ECTS)

University Basic Degree:

“Graduado” (3-4 y, equivalent to 180-240 ECTS)Long Cycle

(1st+2nd cycles):“Licenciado” (4-5 y)

Engineer (5-6 y)Architect (6 y)

SPANISH OFFICIAL FRAMEWORK

Master Degree:(coexisted for few years)

(non-official) (1-2 y)

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“NON-OFFICIAL” HIGH EDUCATION IN SPAIN

Together the Official High Education structure, “Non-Official” University studies correspond to the higher stages of continuing education and lifelong learning, considered crucial in the European Higher Education Area (Lisbon Strategy and Bologna Process)

Currently, normative with national range is in development. It deals with:

• Harmonization on categories, access, names, etc.• Establishment of a Quality Assessment and Quality

Management System (similar to the Official Degrees)

It is understand as a complementary offer to the Official Education. It includes the continuing education in a more flexible manner to be

better adapted to the needs and the demand of the society. It is normally structured in an open and well addressed mode to suit

specific education requirements and training (commonly professional oriented).

Its framework enhances the active participation of stakeholders external to the University staff (design, teaching, recognition, etc.).

Meanwhile, each Spanish University proposes and regulates its “Own Titles”

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Postgrade “Own Titles” (> 30 ECTS)

since Nov 30, 2011


“NON-OFFICIAL” or “OWN-TITLES” by the University of Salamanca

Master 60-120 ECTS

Final Master Work required (6-30 ECTS) Outcome: EQF level 7

“They are activities of continuing education with the aim to provide the students a set of competences (knowledge, skills and attitudes) through an advanced education with specialized or multidisciplinary

character, and with an academic or professional orientation, equivalent to EQF levels of 5, 6, and 7”

Diploma de Especialización 30-59 ECTS

Outcome: EQF level 6

Expired Postgrade “Own Titles”

(> 20 ECTS)

Experto Universitario > 20 ECTS

Master Universitario > 50 ECTS

University Basic Degree: “Graduado”

(180-240 ECTS)

First cycle:“Diplomado” (3 y)

Second Cycle:“Licenciado” (+2

y) Engineer (+2-3

y)Architect (+3 y)

Long Cycle (1st+2nd cycles):

“Licenciado” (4-5 y) Engineer (5-6 y)Architect (6 y)

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UNIVERSITY EDUCATION(300 ECTS)

University Postgraduate Degree

(Master) 60 ECTS

University Basic Degree 240 ECTS

Physicist or another scientific or technological equivalent degree

Postgraduate training 4 y resident in accredited teaching

and training units (hospitals)

On the job trainingHospital

Recommendations by the Comisión Nacional sobre la Especialidad de Radiofísica

Hospitalaria (CNRFH)

CNRFH is working on postgraduate training (4 y) including all the areas using ionizing radiations as well as non ionizing electromagnetic radiation and mechanical energies

What about this stage?• Curriculum non defined yet• Official or Non-Official

Education?

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The structure of the course is designed in

modules, to make easier the

recognition of ECTS but also to

enhance the recognition of

competences in a vocational frame

(ECVET units)

For the postgraduate educational stage

we suggest advanced education and specific training towards RP and MP thinking in

• hospital and other clinic installations (RP and MP)

• companies related with Medical Physics (RP and MP)

• industries and companies using technologies and techniques based in ionizing radiations (RP)

• industries of the nuclear cycle (RP)

• On campus type• 60 ECTS• EQF level 7• Theoretical and

practical charge• Spanish language

(recommended a high level of English)

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Modules and contents in the Master of Física y Tecnología Médicas

Modules ECTS Matter / Subjects ECTS SemesterModule A:

Introduction to Medical Sciences

3.0A1: Human Anatomy 1.0 1ºA2: Human Physiology 1.5 1ºA3: Radiobiology 0.5 1º

Module B:

Physics, Mathematics and Numerical Tools

10.5

B1: Statistical, Mathematical and Numerical Tools

4.5 1º

B2: Physics of the Atom and the Nucleus

6.0 1º

Module C:

Non-Ionizing Radiations6.0 C1: Non-Ionizing Radiations 6.0 1º

Module D:

Electronics and Imaging12.0

D1: Medical Devices and Instrumentation

4.5 2º

D2: Advanced Digital Electronics and Image Visualization Systems

3.0 2º

D3: Image Processing 4.5 1º

Module E:

Ionizing Radiations13.5

E1: Detection and Measurement of the Ionizing Radiations

7.5 2º

E2: Applications in Diagnostic and Therapy of the Ionizing Radiations

6.0 2º

Module F:

Radiation Protection 6.0 F1: Radiation Protection 6.0 2º

Module G:

Final Master Work9.0 Final Master Work 9.0 2º

TOTAL ECTS 60.0 1º+2º

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EDUCATIONAL AND TRAINING ACTIVITIES

Sites and resources of the Faculty of Sciences: • Classroom lectures• General Seminars (special to deal with specific

matter in depth)• Special Seminars (given by professionals of the

technological and research fields – some of them are given in English)

• Informatics-class practices• Laboratory practices

Sites and resources of the University Hospital of Salamanca (Sacyl)

• Classroom lectures• Practices in different areas

Additionally• Individual attention to students • Practices in other centers and companies • Visits to research centers, installations of the nuclear

cycle, centers and companies of technological development and innovation

Staff (teachers and trainers)

University of Salamanca27

University Hospital of Salamanca (Sacyl)

14CIEMAT

2ENRESA

1Companies of the Medical-Technological field:

• Agfa, • Carestream, • Emsor, • General Electrica, • IRE Rayos X, • Elekta, • Philips, • Radiología, • Siemens, • Toshiba, • Varian

ENUSA

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Education and training will be based on the most updated textbooks and reports such as:

Medical physics textbooks such as the handbooks and training manuals produced by the IAEA for physics in radiation oncology, nuclear medicine and diagnostic radiology,

International, European and national legislation relevant to radiation protection, medical devices, physical agents and personal protective equipment,

Relevant EC reports, recommendations and protocols (e.g., Radiation Protection series),

International organizations reports, recommendations and protocols (e.g., IAEA, IEC, ICRP, ICRU, WHO, UNSCEAR),

Reports, recommendations and protocols from international, European and national medical physics professional bodies (e.g., IOMP, EFOMP, AAPM, IPEM, SEFM), and those associated with the specific areas of medical physics practice (e.g., ESTRO, ECR, EANM),

Reports, recommendations and protocols from relevant national authorities (e.g., HPA (UK), STUK (FI), CSN (SP)),

Primary research reports and review articles from the research literature,

Others

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Generic Skills Required at Level 7 (MP Level and MPE Level)

Generic Skills Required at Level 8 (MPE Level only)

1. Retrieve information from different sources. 2. Analyze and synthesize. 3. Solve problems. 4. Use general productivity software. 5. Organize, plan and manage one’s workload. 6. Communicate effectively in two European languages. 7. Take decisions in a timely manner.

1. Demonstrate a systematic understanding of a field of study and mastery of the skills and methods of research associated with that field.

2. Find, select and define problems of interest. 3. Reflect upon the questions raised, the types of

knowledge produced and the impact their knowledge might have on society

4. Organize a number of relevant facts in a coherent framework, which allows the development of an “economy of knowledge, based on experimental facts and overarching ideas”.

5. Apply the acquired knowledge and understanding in different contexts and to innovate.

6. Conceive, design, implement and adapt a substantial process of research with integrity.

7. Make a contribution through original research that extends the frontier of knowledge some of which merits national or international refereed publication.

8. Demonstrate critical analysis, evaluation and synthesis of new and complex ideas.

9. Communicate with peers, the larger professional community and with society in general about their areas of expertise.

10. Promote within professional contexts, technological, social or cultural advancement in a knowledge based society.

1. Communicate with both experts in the field and non-experts. 2. Respect diversity and multiculturalism. 3. Exhibit aptitude to work in an international context. 4. Demonstrate ongoing ethical commitment. 5. Work productively in both mono-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary teams. 6. Criticize constructively and accept constructive criticism.

1. Generate new ideas (creativity). 2. Design and manage projects. 3. Adapt to new situations. 4. Learn autonomously and take responsibility for one’s own learning. 5. Reflect and evaluate one’s own practice and learning. 6. Develop and improve the quality of one’s own practice. 7. Work within the scope of one’s practice and abilities. 8. Seek advice when a task is outside one’s ability. 9. Be entrepreneurial. 10. Display a will to succeed. 11. Display leadership and initiative. 12. Assume responsibility for one’s own actions.

Instr

um

en

tal

Inte

rpers

on

al

Syste

mic

Should include, as a minimum, the educational components of the Core KSC of Medical Physics. When the educational components of the KSC of the specialty of Medical Physics are not included it must be covered in the

residency

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EC Requirements (in Communication 98/C133/03)Communication from the Commission concerning the implementation of Council Directive 96/29/Euratom laying

down basic safety standards for the protection of the health of the workers and the general public against dangers arising from ionizing radiation

Basic Syllabus for the qualified expert in RP Additional material (depth according to the specific needs):

Additional topics recommended for specific areas

• Basic atomic and nuclear physics

• Basic biology• Interaction of radiation with

matter • Biological effects of

radiation • Detection and

measurement methods • Quantities and units• Basis of radiation protection

standards• ICRP Principles• Practices and interventions • Legal and regulatory basis • Operational radiation

protection • Organization of radiation

protection • Waste • Management• Transport• Practical work/exercises

CoveredCovered

Covered

Covered

CoveredCovered

CoveredCovered

Covered

Covered

CoveredPartly coveredPartly coveredPartly coveredCovered

• Safety culture• Optimization techniques• Health physics instrumentation• External dosimetry• Internal dosimetry• Monitoring of the workplace

• Special decontamination

problems• Containment/filtration• Specific physiology of inhalation

and ingestion • Protective measures against

incorporation • Area designation and control• Design and shielding calculations• Environmental monitoring • Potential accidents• Emergency procedures and

intervention• Waste management • Decommissioning • Transport

CoveredCoveredCoveredCoveredCoveredCovered

Covered

CoveredCoveredCoveredCoveredIntroductory

Partly covered

• Nuclear installations

• General industry • Research and

training • Medical

applications • Accelerators

IntroductoryIntroductoryFinal Master Work

CoveredCovered

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Definitively this Master is addressed to:

Students with University Graduate Level:preferentially Graduate in Physics and/or Engineering

• From Spanish Universities • From European Universities (*)• From Latin America Universities• Other Universities (*)

Working professionals wish to enlarge their education and training in Health Physics and Radiation ProtectionGraduated with a recognizable title

OTHER OUTCOME LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Apart of KSC recommended by EC on the MP and RP:

• reinforcement of knowledge in order to pass the National Exam to access the MP residency (while it exists)

• achieving the License of Supervisor of Radioactive Installations (after passing an exam verified by CSN)

Valuable by the University of Salamanca

(*) Course in given in Spanish, however, high level of English is recommended

Directly recognizable

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Documents

a Física Atómica Molecular y Nuclear, Dpto. Física Fundamental , Universidad de Salamanca