A Bibliography of Labor History in Pennsylvania

A Bibliography of Labor History in Pennsylvania

First Draft Compiled and Edited by Nathaniel J. Donato

University of Pittsburgh September 2014

Second Draft Compiled and Edited by

Charles L Lumpkins Pennsylvania Labor History Society and the

School of Labor and Employment Relations, Pennsylvania State University

Labor History Bibliography Project Directed by Kenneth Wolensky

Pennsylvania Labor History Society and the Pennsylvania Historical Association

Pennsylvania Labor History Society

March 2015

Table of Contents:

Introduction ……………………………………… ……………………………………………….3

African American Labor ................................................................................................................. 5

Artisan and Craft Labor………………………… .......................................................................... 6

Biography……………………………………… ............................................................................ 6

Child Labor…………………………………… ............................................................................. 7

Coal ................................................................................................................................................. 7

Deindustrialization ........................................................................................................................ 16

Environment………………… ...................................................................................................... 17

Farming and Agricultural Labor ................................................................................................... 17

Glass Industry………………………………… ....................................................................... …19

Healthcare and Hospital……………………………… ............................................................... .19

Immigrant Labor…………………………… ............................................................................... 19

Industrialization ............................................................................................................................ 22

Iron ................................................................................................................................................ 24

Law and Politics ............................................................................................................................ 26

Life ................................................................................................................................................ 28

Literature……………………………… ....................................................................................... 31

Lumber .......................................................................................................................................... 31

Movies, Multimedia, and Videos…… .......................................................................................... 32

Music ……………….........................................................................……………………………34

Office Labor……………………………………. ......................................................................... 35

Oil ................................................................................................................................................. 36

Public Sector………………………….. ....................................................................................... 38

Railroads and Locomotives (see also Transportation) .................................................................. 39

Restaurants, Diners, and Fast-Food Franchises… ........................................................................ 40

Slavery, Servitude, and Prison Labor…. ...................................................................................... 40

Steel............................................................................................................................................... 40

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Strikes and Protests ....................................................................................................................... 45

Textiles .......................................................................................................................................... 49

Transportation (see also Railroads and Locomotives)… .............................................................. 52

Unions and the Labor Movement ................................................................................................. 52

Visual Arts……………….. .......................................................................................................... 57

Women’s Labor ............................................................................................................................ 57

Other ............................................................................................................................................. 58

Websites………………………………………………………………………………………….61

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Introduction

During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries Pennsylvania was recognized as a national

industrial leader. Dominant industries included Iron and Steel, Coal, Coke, Textiles, Garment,

Lumber, and Railroads. Immigrant workers composed a large percentage of the

Commonwealth’s industrial workforce as had slaves and indentured servants in an earlier era.

While its natural resources, capital investments, and industrial outputs were impressive,

industrialization came at a cost as the struggles of workers and labor unions formed a dominant

element in industrial Pennsylvania. Capital and labor were often at odds as reflected in

monumental events such as the Battle of Homestead in 1892, the Great Anthracite Coal Strike of

1902, the Great Steel or “Hunkie” Strike of 1919 and the Knox Mine Disaster in 1959.

Pennsylvania was also home to farm laborers and public-sector workers who were among

the first in the nation to unionize with the unprecedented Acts 111 and 195 in the late 1960s and

early 1970s. Indeed, strong public- and private-sector unions and displays of worker solidarity

were, and, in some cases, remain common in the Commonwealth’s diverse economy.

By the latter-half of the twentieth century, Pennsylvania entered into its long and painful

industrial decline. “Deindustrialization,” as it came to be called by economists, historians, and

social scientists, devastated communities and displaced hundreds of thousands of industrial

workers. The once powerful industrial unions saw their membership decrease. Public-sector

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unions expanded, however. In addition, newly emerging unions within the public sector came to

represent tens of thousands of workers.

This bibliography contains publications about labor and workers in Pennsylvania history.

It is a diverse compilation that includes among its entries titles of scholarly and popular books

and articles, public history, film and songs, but not dissertations. It lists a number of titles under

more than one subject heading. The bibliography also has works that partially cover

Pennsylvania under the category, “Other.” While comprehensive, it remains a work-in-progress

as new scholarship and depictions of the lives of Pennsylvania workers and labor unions appear.

The bibliography is useful to scholars, students, and laypersons interested in the history of labor

in Pennsylvania.

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African American Labor

Bezís-Selfa, John. “Slavery and the Disciplining of Free Labor in the Colonial Mid-Atlantic Iron Industry.” Pennsylvania History 64 (1997): 270-286. Bloom, John. “‘The Farmers Didn't Particularly Care for Us’: Oral Narrative and the Grass Roots Recovery of African American Migrant Farm Labor History in Central Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 78, no. 4 (2011): 323-354. Bodnar, John E. “Peter C. Blackwell and the Negro Community of Steelton, 1880-1920.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 97, no. 2 (1973): 199-209. Cole, Peter. Wobblies on the Waterfront: Interracial Unionism in Progressive-Era Philadelphia (Working Class in American History). Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2007. Dickerson, Dennis C. Out of the Crucible: Black Steelworkers in Western Pennsylvania, 1875–1980. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1986. Gottlieb, Peter. Making Their Own Way: Southern Blacks' Migration to Pittsburgh, 1916–30. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987. Gray, LaGuana. We Just Keep Running the Line: Black Southern Women and the Poultry Processing Industry. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2014. Hodge, Ruth. Guide to African American Resources at the Pennsylvania State Archives. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 2000. Hopkins, LeRoy, and Eric Ledell Smith. The African Americans in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1994. Lynch, Leon. “Black Labor History: An Overview: From a Paper Delivered to the 1979 Spring Conference of the Pennsylvania Labor History Society at Philadelphia.” Pennsylvania Labor History Notes 1, no. 5 (February 1979): 13-20. Miller, Jacquelyn C. “The Wages of Blackness: African American Workers and the Meanings of Race during Philadelphia's 1793 Yellow Fever Epidemic” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 129, no. 4 (2005): 163-194. Obsorne, Christopher M. “Invisible Hands: Slaves, Bound Laborers, and the Development of Western Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 72, no. 1 (2009): 77-99. Reed, Merl E. “Black Workers, Defense Industries, and Federal Agencies in Pennsylvania, 1941-1945.” Labor History 27, no. 3 (Summer 1986): 356-375.

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Ryan, Francis. AFSCME's Philadelphia Story: Municipal Workers and Urban Power in the Twentieth Century. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2010. Trotter, Joe William, Jr. River Jordan: African American Urban Life in the Ohio Valley. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1998. Trotter, Joe William Jr. and Eric Ledell Smith. African Americans in Pennsylvania: Shifting Historical Perspectives. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997. Walker, Joseph E. “Negro Labor in the Charcoal Iron Industry of Southeastern Pennsylvania.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 93, no. 4 (1969): 466-486. Wax, Darold D. “The Demand for Slave Labor in Colonial Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 34, no. 4 (1967): 331-345. Williams, Heather Andrea. American Slavery: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Artisan and Craft Labor

Greenberg, Brian. “Class Conflict and the Demise of the Artisan Order: The Cordwainers’ 1805 Strike and 1806 Conspiracy Trial,” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 2014): 6-11. Howell, Mark D. “A Rural Craftsman in Present-Day Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania Folklife, 40, no. 2 (1990): 86-94.

Biography

Gilfillan, Harriet Woodridge. I Went to Pit College. New York: Viking Press, 1934. Grob, Gerald N. “Terence V. Powderly and the Knights of Labor.” Mid-America, 39 (New Series, 28), no. 1 (January 1958): 39-55. Grossman, Jonathan. William Sylvis, Pioneer of American Labor. New York: Columbia University Press, 1945. Jason, Sonya. Icon of Spring. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1993. Pessen, Edward. “The Ideology of Stephen Simpson, Upperclass Champion of the Early Philadelphia Workingmen’s Movement.” Pennsylvania History, 22 (October 1955): 328-340. McCollester, Charles, ed. Fighter with a Heart: Writings of Charles Owen Rice, Pittsburgh Labor Priest. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996.

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Sylvis, James C. The Life, Speeches, Labors and Essays of William H. Sylvis, Late President of the Iron-moulders’ International Union; and also of the National Labor Union. Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen, and Haffelfinger, 1872. Todes, Charlotte. William H. Sylvis and the National Labor Union. New York: International Publishers, 1942. Wolensky, Kenneth C. The Life of Pennsylvania Governor George M. Leader: Challenging Complacency. Easton: Lehigh University Press, 2011.

Child Labor

Blatz, Perry K. “The All-Too-Youthful Proletarians.” Pennsylvania Heritage, 7, no. 1 (March 1981): 13-16. Flannery, James L. The Glass House Boys of Pittsburgh: Law, Technology and Child Labor. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2009. Goldin, Claudia. “Household and Market Production of Families in a Late Nineteenth Century American City.” Explorations in Economic History 16, no. 2 (April 1979): 111-131. Jensen, Joan M. “Butter Making and Economic Development in Mid-Atlantic America from 1750 to 1850.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture & Society 13, no. 4 (Summer 1988): 813-829. Larner, John William. “The Glass House Boys: Child Labor Conditions in Pittsburgh’s Glass Factories, 1890-1917.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 48, no. 4 (January 1965): 355-364. Speakman, Joseph M. “The Inspector and His Critics: Child Labor Reform in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 69, no. 2 (March 2002): 266-286. Stepenoff, Bonnie. “Keeping It in the Family: Mother Jones and the Pennsylvania Silk Strike of 1900-1901.” Labor History 38, no. 4 (Fall 1997): 432-449.

Coal

Abrams, James, et. al. “Anthracite Mining Unionism and the UMW: An Oral History.” Pennsylvania History 58, no. 4 (1991): 330-337. Aldrich, Mark. “The Perils of Mining Anthracite: Regulation, Technology and Safety, 1870-1945.” Pennsylvania History 64, no. 3 (1997): 361-383.

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Anthracite Bureau of Information, Philadelphia. The Anthracite Strike of 1922: A Chronological Statement of the Communications and Negotiations between the Hard Coal Operators and the United Mine Workers of America. Philadelphia: Anthracite Bureau of Information, [1922]. “The Anthracite Coal Production Control Plan.” University of Pennsylvania Law Review 102, no. 3 (January 1954): 368-394. Arnold, Andy. Fueling the Gilded Age: Railroads, Miners, and Disorder in Pennsylvania Coal Country. New York: New York University Press, 2014. Aurand, Harold W. “The Anthracite Miner: An Occupational Analysis.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 104, no. 4 (1990): 462-473. —. “The Anthracite Strike of 1887-1888.” Pennsylvania History 35, no. 2 (1968): 169-185. —. Coal Cracker Culture: Work and Values in Pennsylvania Anthracite, 1835-1935. Selinsgrove: Susquehanna University Press, 2003. —. “Diversifying the Economy of the Anthracite Regions, 1880-1900. The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 94, no. 1 (1970): 54-61. –—. “Early Mine Workers' Organizations in the Anthracite Region.” Pennsylvania History 58, no. 4 (1991): 298-310. —. “Mine Safety and Social Control in the Anthracite Industry.” Pennsylvania History 52, no. 4 (1985): 227-241. Bartoletti, Susan C. Growing Up in Coal Country. Boston: HMH Books for Young Readers, 1999. Beik, Mildred. The Miners of Windber: The Struggles of New Immigrants for Unionization, 1890s-1930s. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2006. —. "The Significance of the Lattimer Massacre: Who Owns Its History?" Pennsylvania History 69, no. 1 (Winter 2002): 58-70. Bertheaud, Michael A., and Howard M. Pollman. “Exploring the Pennsylvania Energy Trail of History.” Pennsylvania Heritage 35, no. 3 (2009): 22-33. Berthoff, Rowland. “The Social Order of the Anthracite Region, 1825-1902.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 89, no. 3 (1965): 261-291. Billinger, Robert D. Pennsylvania's Coal Industry. Gettysburg: The Pennsylvania Historical Association, 1954. Bimba, Anthony. The Molly Maguires. New York: International Publishers, 1932.

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Black, Brian, and Marcy Ladson. “The Legacy of Extraction: Reading Patterns and Ethics in Pennsylvania's Landscape of Energy.” Pennsylvania History 79, no. 4 (2012): 377-394. Blankenhorn, Heber. The Strike for Union. New York: Arno, 1969. Blatz, Perry K. “The All-Too-Youthful Proletarians.” Pennsylvania Heritage, 7, no. 1 (March 1981): 13-16. —. Democratic Miners: Work and Labor Relations in the Anthracite Coal Industry, 1875-1925. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994. —. Ever Shifting Ground: Work and Labor Relations in the Anthracite Coal Industry, 1868-1903. Ann Arbor, Michigan: UMI Press, 1987. —. “Local Leadership and Local Militancy: The Nanticoke Strike of 1899 and the Roots of Unionization in the Northern Anthracite Field.” Pennsylvania History 58, no. 4 (1991): 278-297. Bodnar, John. Anthracite People: Families, Unions and Work, 1900–1940. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1983. Brisbin, Richard A., Jr. A Strike Like No Other Strike: Law and Resistance during the Pittston Coal Strike of 1989-1990. Morgantown: University of West Virginia Press, 2010. Broehl, Wayne G., Jr. The Molly Maguires. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1964. Coleman, John F. “Cambria County: Coming Full Circle.” Pennsylvania Heritage 12, no. 1 (1986): 12-17. Cooper, Eileen M. “That Magnificent Fight for Unionism: The Somerset County Strike of 1922.” Pennsylvania Heritage 17, no. 4 (1991): 12-17. Cornell, Robert J. The Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 1957. Currá, Thomas M., and Greg Matkosky. Stories from the Mines. Scranton: University of Scranton Press, 2007. Davies, Edward J. “Elite Migration and Urban Growth: The Rise of Wilkes-Barre in the Northern Anthracite Region, 1820-1880.” Pennsylvania History 45, no. 4 (1978): 291-314. Davies, John. “Authority, Community, and Conflict: Rioting and Aftermath in a Late-Nineteenth Century Pennsylvania Coal Town.” Pennsylvania History 66, no. 3 (1999): 339-363. Davis, James F. “Dauphin County: Chocolates, Coal, and a Capital.” Pennsylvania Heritage 11, no. 4 (1985): 16-25.

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Dewees, F. P. The Molly Maguires: The Origin, Growth, and Character of the Organization. New York: Burt Franklin, 1877. DiCiccio, Carmen. Coal and Coke in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1996. Dublin, Thomas. “Life after the Mines Closed.” Pennsylvania Heritage 25, no. 2 (1999): 6-15. —. When the Mines Closed: Stories of Struggles in Hard Times. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998. Dubofsky, Melvyn, and Melvin Dubofsky. "The Lattimer Massacre and the Meaning of Citizenship." Pennsylvania History 69, no. 1 (Winter 2002): 52-57. Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. Department of Research and Education. The Coal Strike in Western Pennsylvania. New York: The Council, 1928. Filippelli, Ronald L. “Diary of a Strike: George Medrick and the Coal Strike of 1927 in Western Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 43, no. 3 (July 1976): 252-266. A Full Account: The Lives and Crimes of the “Molly Maguires.” Philadelphia: [n.p.], 1877. Gilfillan, Harriet Woodridge. I Went to Pit College. New York: Viking Press, 1934. Ginger, Ray. “Company-Sponsored Welfare Plans in the Anthracite Industry before 1900.” Bulletin of the Business Historical Society 27, no. 2 (June 1953): 112-120. Goin, Peter, and Elizabeth Raymond. "Living in Anthracite: Mining Landscape and Sense of Place in Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania." The Public Historian 23, no. 2 (Spring 2001): 29-45. Gowaskie, Joseph M. Folklorist of the Coal Fields: George Korson's Life and Work. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1980. Grant, Philip A., Jr. “The Pennsylvania Congressional Delegation and the Bituminous Coal Acts of 1935 and 1937.” Pennsylvania History 49, no. 2 (1982): 121-131. Greed, Hardy. The Company Town: The Industrial Edens and Satanic Mills that Shaped the American Economy. New York: Basic Books, 2010. Greene, Victor R. “A Study in Slavs, Strikes, and Unions: The Anthracite Strike of 1897.” Pennsylvania History 31, no. 2 (1964): 199-215. —. The Slavic Community on Strike: Immigrant Labor in Pennsylvania Anthracite. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1968.

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Grinde, Donald A., Jr. “The Powder Trust and the Pennsylvania Anthracite Region.” Pennsylvania History 42, no. 3 (1975): 206-219. Grob, Gerald N. “The Molly Maguires,” The Business History Review 39, no. 1 (1965): 134-135. Gutman, Herbert G. “Two Lockouts in Pennsylvania, 1873-1874.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 83, no. 3 (July 1959): 307-326. Hanney, Joseph M. “Schuylkill County: Built on Coal.” Pennsylvania Heritage 11, no. 1 (1985): 10-17. Harris, Howard, and Perry K. Blatz. Keystone of Democracy: A History of Pennsylvania Workers. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1999. Healey, Richard G. The Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Industry, 1860-1902: Economic Cycles, Business Decision Making, and Regional Dynamics. Scranton: University of Scranton Press, 2008. Hoffman, John N. “Pennsylvania’s Bituminous Coal Industry: And Industry Review.” Pennsylvania History 45, no. 4 (1978): 351-363. Howard, Walter T. “The National Miners Union: Communists and Miners in the Pennsylvania Anthracite, 1928-1931.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 125, no. 1/2 (2001): 91-124. Marcus, Irwin, et. al. “The Coal Strike of 1919 in Indiana County.” Pennsylvania History 56, no. 3 (1989): 177-195. —. “Confrontation at Rossiter: The Coal Strike of 1927-1928 and Its Aftermath.” Pennsylvania History 59, no. 4 (1992): 310-326. —. “The Coral Episode of the Coal Strike of 1919.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 114, no. 4 (1990): 543-561. Itter, William A. “Early Labor Troubles in the Schuylkill Anthracite District.” Pennsylvania History 1, no. 1 (1934): 28-37. Janosov, Robert A. “Concrete City: Garden Village of the Anthracite Region.” Pennsylvania Heritage 23, no. 3 (1997): 32-39. Johnson, James P. “Drafting the NRA Code of Fair Competition for the Bituminous Coal Industry.” Journal of American History, 53, no. 3 (December 1966): 521-541. —. “Reorganizing the United Mine Workers of America in Pennsylvania during the New Deal.” Pennsylvania History 37, no. 2 (1970): 117-132.

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Kanarek, Harold K. “The Pennsylvania Anthracite Strike of 1922.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 99, no. 2 (1975): 207-225. Keil, Thomas J., and Wayne M. Usui. “The Family Wage System in Pennsylvania’s Anthracite Region: 1850-1900.” Social Forces, 67, no. 1 (September 1988): 185-207. Kenny, Kevin. Making Sense of the Molly Maguires. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. Knies, Michael J. “Carbon County: Stone Coal in the Switzerland of America.” Pennsylvania Heritage 15, no. 1 (1989): 10-17. Korson, George. Minstrels of the Mine Patch: Songs and Stories of the Anthracite Industry. Hatboro: Folklore Associates, 1964. Kuritz, Hyman. “The Labor Injunction in Pennsylvania, 1891-1931.” Pennsylvania History 29, no. 3 (1962): 306-321. Leslie, Naton. “The Scars of the Molly Maguires.” The North American Review 286, no. 5 (2001): 38-44. Lewis, W. David. “The Early History of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company: A Study in Technological Adaptation.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 96, no. 4 (1972): 424-468. MacGaffey, Janet. Coal Dust on Your Feet: The Rise, Decline, and Restoration of an Anthracite Mining Town. Lewistown: Bucknell University Press/Rowman and Littlefield, 1913. McDonough, Judith. “Worker Solidarity, Judicial Oppression, and Police Repression in the Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania Coal Miner's Strike, 1910-11.” Pennsylvania History 64, no. 3 (1997): 384-406. Merrick, Sister Mary A. A Case in Practical Democracy: Settlement of the Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902. South Bend: University of Notre Dame Library, 1942. Metheny, Karen B. From the Miners' Doublehouse: Archaeology and Landscape in a Pennsylvania Coal Company Town. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2007. Meyerhuber, Carl I. “The Alle-Kiski Coal Wars, 1913-1919.” The Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 63, no. 3 (1980): 197-214. Miller, Donald L., and Richard E. Sharpless. The Kingdom of Coal: Work, Enterprise, and Ethnic Communities in the Mine Fields. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985. Montrie, Chad. To Save the Land and People: A History of Opposition to Surface Coal Mining in Appalachia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.

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Musmanno, Michael Angelo. Black Fury. New York: Curtis Books, 1966. Nash, Michael. Conflict and Accommodation: Coal Miners, Steel Workers, and Socialism, 1890–1920. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1982. O'Malley, Michael J. III. “Jefferson County: Of Wilderness Tamed.” Pennsylvania Heritage 16, no. 1 (1990): 32-37. Orvell, Miles. “Documenting Everyday Life in Pennsylvania during the Great Depression and World War II.” Pennsylvania Heritage 29, no. 4 (2003): 30-37. Palladino, Grace. Another Civil War: Labor, Capital, and the State in the Anthracite Regions of Pennsylvania, 1840-1868. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1990. Parucha, Leonard F. “Bitumen: All Gone with the Wind.” Pennsylvania Heritage 12, no. 4 (1986): 4-9. Percival, Gwendoline E., and Chester J. Kulesa. Illustrating an Anthracite Era: The Photographic Legacy of John Horgan, Jr. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1995. Phelan, Craig. “The Making of a Labor Leader: John Mitchell and the Anthracite Strike of 1900.” Pennsylvania History 63, no. 1 (1996): 53-77. Pinkerton, Allan. The Molly Maguires and the Detectives. New York: G.W. Carleton, 1878. Pinkowski, Edward. John Siney, the Miners' Martyr. Philadelphia: Sunshine Press, 1963. —. “Joseph Battin: Father of the Coal Breaker.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 73, no. 3 (1949): 337-348. —. The Lattimer Massacre. Philadelphia: Sunshine Press, 1967. Powell, H. Benjamin. “Coal and Pennsylvania’s Transportation Policy, 1825-1828.” Pennsylvania History 38, no. 2 (1971): 134-151. —. “Establishing the Anthracite Boomtown of Mauch Chunk, 1814-1825: Selected Documents.” Pennsylvania History 41, no. 3 (1974): 248-262. —. “The Pennsylvania Anthracite Industry, 1769-1976.” Pennsylvania History 47, no. 1 (1980): 3-28. —. Philadelphia's First Fuel Crisis: Jacob Cist and the Developing Market for Pennsylvania Anthracite. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Pressiser, Catherine E. “Pittsburgh’s Commercial and Industrial Development during the Opening Years of the 19th Century.” Pennsylvania History 18, no. 1 (1951): 46-55.

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Rhodes, James Ford. “The Molly Maguires in the Anthracite Region of Pennsylvania.” American Historical Review 15 (April 1910): 547-561. Ricketts, Elizabeth. “The Struggle for Civil Liberties and Unionization in the Coal Fields: The Free Speech Case of Vintondale, Pennsylvania, 1922.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 122, no. 4 (1998): 319-352. Roberts, Peter. The Anthracite Coal Communities: A Study of the Demography, the Social, Educational, and Moral Life of the Anthracite Regions. New York: Macmillan, 1904. —. The Anthracite Coal Industry: A Study of the Economic Conditions and Relations of the Co-operative Forces in the Development of the Anthracite Coal Industry of Pennsylvania. New York: Macmillan, 1901. Salay, David., ed. Hard Coal-Hard Times: Ethnicity and Labor in the Anthracite Region. Scranton: Anthracite Museum Press, 1984. Schlegel, Marvin W. “The Workingmen’s Benevolent Association: First Union of Anthracite Miners.” Pennsylvania History 10, no. 4 (1943): 243-267. Shackel, Paul, and Michael Roller, "The Gilded Age Wasn’t So Gilded in the Anthracite Region of Pennsylvania," International Journal of Historical Archaeology 16 (December 2012): 761-775. Sheppard, Muriel E. Cloud by Day: The Story of Coal and Coke and People. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991. Slavishak, Edward. Bodies of Work: Civic Display and Labor in Industrial Pittsburgh (Body, Commodity, Text). Durham: Duke University Press, 2008. Sperry, J. R. “Rebellion within the Ranks: Pennsylvania Anthracite, John L. Lewis, and the Coal Strikes of 1943.” Pennsylvania History 40, no. 3 (1973): 292-312. Stolarik, Mark. "A Slovak Perspective on the Lattimer Massacre.” Pennsylvania History 69, no. 1 (Winter 2002): 31-41. Storey, Walter J., Jr. “Fayette at the Crossroads.” Pennsylvania Heritage 9, no. 4 (1983): 2-8. Sukle, R. S. Bucket of Blood: The Ragman's War. New York: IUniverse, 2004. Tarr, Joel A. Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. Turner, George. "The Lattimer Massacre: A Perspective from the Ethnic Community." Pennsylvania History 69, no. 1 (Winter 2002): 11-30.

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Valleta, Clement. “‘To Battle for Our Ideas’: Community Ethic and Anthracite Labor, 1920-1940.” Pennsylvania History 58, no. 4 (1991): 311-329. Wallace, Anthony F. C. St. Clair: A Nineteenth-Century Coal Town's Experience with a Disaster-Prone Industry. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1987. Warne, Frank. The Slav Invasion and the Mine Workers: A Study in Immigration. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1904. Warren, Kenneth. Triumphant Capitalism: Henry Clay Frick and the Industrial Transformation of America. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996. —. Wealth, Waste, and Alienation: Growth and Decline in the Connellsville Coke Industry. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2001. Watkinson, James D. “An Exercise in Futility: The Guffey Coal Act of 1935.” Pennsylvania History 54, no. 2 (1987): 103-114. Wesolowsky, Tony. “A Jewel in the Crown of Old King Coal.” Pennsylvania Heritage 22, no. 1 (1996), 30-37. Wolensky, Kenneth. C. “Freedom to Assemble and the Lattimer Massacre.” Legacies. 8, no. 1 (2008): 24-31. Wolensky, Robert P., and Joseph M. Keating. Tragedy at Avondale: The Causes, Consequences, and Legacy of the Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Industry's Most Deadly Mining Disaster, September 6, 1869. Easton: Canal History and Technology Press, 2008. Wolensky, Robert P., and Kenneth C. Wolensky. “Disaster—or Murder?—in the Mines.” Pennsylvania Heritage 24, no. 2 (1998): 4-11. Wolensky, Robert P., Kenneth C. Wolensky, and Nicole H. Wolensky. The Knox Mine Disaster: The Final Years of the Northern Anthracite Industry and the Effort to Rebuild a Regional Economy. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1999. —. Voices of the Knox Mine Disaster: Stories, Remembrances, and Reflections on the Anthracite Coal Industry's Last Major Catastrophe, January 22, 1959. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 2005. Wolensky, Robert P., and William A. Hastie, Sr. Anthracite Labor Wars: Tenancy, Italians, and Organized Crime in the Northern Coalfield of Northeastern Pennsylvania, 1897–1959. Easton: Canal History and Technology Press, 2013. Zehl, Valerie A. “Who Are These Anthracite People?” Pennsylvania Heritage 23, no. 1 (1997): 14-21.

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Zieger, Robert H. “Pennsylvania Coal and Politics: The Anthracite Strike of 1925-1926.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 93, no. 2 (1969): 244-262.

Deindustrialization

Brew, Wayne. "Manayunk; A Place of Waterpower, Textile Industry, Gentrification, and "Hollywood." Pioneer America Society Transactions 34 (October 2011): 1-17. Clark, Paul, et. al. “Deindustrialization: A Panel Discussion [with Comments].” Pennsylvania History 58, no. 3 (1991): 181-211. Dublin, Thomas. “Life After the Mines Closed.” Pennsylvania Heritage 25, no. 2 (1999): 6-15. —. When the Mines Closed: Stories of Struggles in Hard Times. Ithaca: Cornell University Post, 1998. Dublin, Thomas, and Walter Licht. The Face of Decline: The Pennsylvania Anthracite Region in the Twentieth Century. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2005. Eggert, Gerald G. Steelmasters and Labor Reform, 1886–1923. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1981. Gittell, Ross. "The Role of Community Organization in Economic Development: Lessons from the Monongahela Valley." National Civic Review 78, no. 3 (September 1989): 187-196. Harris, Howard, and Perry K. Blatz. Keystone of Democracy: A History of Pennsylvania Workers. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1999. Hathaway, Dale A. Can Workers Have a Voice? The Politics of Deindustrialization in Pittsburgh. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1993. Hinshaw, John. Steel and Steelworkers. Albany: State University of New York Press. 2002. Hinshaw, John, and Judith Modell. Perceiving Racism: Homestead from Depression to Deindustrialization.” Pennsylvania History 63, no. 1 (1996): 17-52. Howell, Mark D. “A Rural Craftsman in Present-Day Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania Folklife, 40, no. 2 (1990): 86-94. Jacobson, Louis. "Labor Mobility and Structural Change in Pittsburgh." Journal of the American Planning Association 53, no. 4 (April 1987): 438. Kitch, Carolyn L. Pennsylvania in Public Memory: Reclaiming the Industrial Past. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2012.

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Marcus, Irwin W. “The Deindustrialization of America: Homestead, a Case Study, 1959-1984.” Pennsylvania History 52, no. 3 (1985): 192-182. McKee, Guian. The Problem of Jobs: Liberalism, Race, and Deindustrialization in Philadelphia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008. Mellon, Steve. After the Smoke Clears: Struggling to Get By in Rustbelt America. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2002. Modell, Judith. A Town without Steel: Envisioning Homestead. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1998. Mohl, Raymond A. “Roy Lubove and American Urban History: A Review Essay on Pittsburgh’s Post-Steel Era.” Pennsylvania History 68, no. 3 (2001): 354-362. Rosenberg, David L. “Pittsburgh in Revolt: Sources and Artifacts of the Struggle against Deindustrialization from the UE/Labor Archives at the University of Pittsburgh.” Pennsylvania History 68, no. 3 (2001): 367-382.

Environment

Magoc, Chris J. "Reflections on the Public Interpretation of Regional Environmental History in Western Pennsylvania." Public Historian 36, no. 3 (2014): 50-69. Sepesy, Christopher. "The Lion in June: The Titusville Flood of 1892." Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 71, no. 2 (1988): 185-188. Stroud, Ellen. “Dirt in the City: Urban Environmental History in the Mid-Atlantic.” Pennsylvania History 79, no. 4 (2012): 428-439. Editor’s Note: A comprehensive bibliography on environmental and conservation history in available on the website of the Pennsylvania Parks and Forests Foundation at www.ppff.org. Several of these bibliographic entries indirectly deal with labor history. Thus, they are not listed here but the reader is referred to the PPFF website.

Farming and Agricultural Labor

Bloom, John. “'The Farmers Didn't Particularly Care for Us': Oral Narrative and the Grass Roots Recovery of African American Migrant Farm Labor History in Central Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 78, no. 4 (2011): 323-354. Bressler, Leo A. “Agriculture among the Germans in Pennsylvania during the Eighteenth Century.” Pennsylvania History 22, no. 2 (1955): 103-133.

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http://www.ppff.org/

Fletcher, Stevenson W. “The Expansion of the Agricultural Frontier.” Pennsylvania History 18, no. 2 (1951): 119-129. —. “The Subsistence Farming Period in Pennsylvania Agriculture, 1640-1840.”Pennsylvania History 14, no. 3 (1947): 185-195. Gapp, F. W., and Hugh W. Alger. “Crops and Chores: Pennsylvania Farm Life in the 1890's.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 85, no. 4 (1961): 367-410. Garcia, Matt. The Triumph and Tragedy of Cesar Chavez and the Farm Worker Movement. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2014. Innes, Stephen. Work and Labor in Early America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988. Jensen, Joan M. “Butter Making and Economic Development in Mid-Atlantic America from 1750 to 1850.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture & Society, 13, no. 4 (Summer 1988): 813-829. Krulikowski, Anne E. “’Farms Don’t Pay’: The Transformation of the Philadelphia Metropolitan Landscape, 1880-1930. Pennsylvania History 72, no. 2 (2005): 193-227. Miller, E. Willard, ed. A Geography of Pennsylvania. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995. Miller, Frederic K. “The Farmer at Work in Colonial Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 3, no. 2 (1936): 115-123. Murphy, Raymond E., and Marion F. Murphy. Pennsylvania Landscapes. 3rd rev. ed. State College: Penns Valley Publishers, 1974. Needles, Samuel H. and Sibilla Masters. “The Governor's Mill, and the Globe Mills, Philadelphia.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 8, no. 3 (1884): 279-299. Thayer, Theodore. “An Eighteenth-Century Farmer and Pioneer: Sylvanus Seely's Early Life in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 35, no. 1 (1968): 45-63. Treese, Lorett. “The Moon Men of Agriculture.” Pennsylvania Heritage 26, no. 2 (2000): 7-13. Weeks, Jim. “A New Race of Farmers: The Labor Rule, the Farmers' High School, and the Origins of The Pennsylvania State University.” Pennsylvania History 62, no. 1 (1995): 5-30. Wittlinger, Carlton O. “Industry Comes to the Frontier.” Pennsylvania History 21, no. 2 (1954): 153-161.

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Glass Industry

Flannery, James L.: The Glass House Boys of Pittsburgh: Law, Technology and Child Labor. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2009. Gillingham, Harrold E. “Pottery, China, and Glass Making in Philadelphia.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 54, no. 2 (1930): 97-129. Larner, John William. “The Glass House Boys: Child Labor Conditions in Pittsburgh’s Glass Factories, 1890-1917.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine, 48, no. 4 (January 1965): 355-364.

Healthcare and Hospitals

Derickson, Alan. Black Lung: Anatomy of a Public Health Disaster. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998.

Clark, Paul F., and Darlene A. Clark. "Union Strategies for Improving Patient Care: The Key to Nurse Unionism." Labor Studies Journal 31, no. 1 (2006): 51-70.

Immigrant Labor

Ashton, Dianne. Jewish Life in Pennsylvania. University Park: The Pennsylvania Historical Association, 1998. Andrews, Theodore. The Polish National Catholic Church. London: SPCK Publishers, 1953. Bell, Thomas. Out of This Furnace: A Novel of Immigrant Labor in America. Boston: Little, Brown, 1941; Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991. Bern, Sister M. Accursia. “Poles in Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1862-1948.” Polish American Studies. VI (1949): 9-13. Biagi, Ernest. The Italians of Philadelphia. New York: Carleton Press, 1967. Bodnar, John E. The Ethnic Experience in Pennsylvania. Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press, 1973. —. An Ethnic Profile of Pennsylvania’s Population. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1973. —. Immigration and Industrialization: Ethnicity in an American Mill Town, 1870-1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977.

19

—. Steelton: Immigration and Industrialization, 1870-1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990. Bodnar, John E. Simon Roder and Michael Weber. Lives of Their Own. Blacks, Italians, and Poles in Pittsburgh, 1920-1960. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982. Borkowski, Joseph. Early Polish Pioneers in the City of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County. Pittsburgh: Pittsburghers Polish Daily Publishing Co., 1948. —. The Role of Pittsburgh’s Polish Falcons in the Organization of the Polish Army in France. Pittsburgh: Polish Falcons of America, 1972. Broehl, Wayne. The Mollie Maguires. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1964.

Burstin, Barbara. After the Holocaust: Immigration of Polish Jews and Christians to Pittsburgh. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989.

Campbell, John. History of the Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick and the Hibernian Society for the Relief of Emigrants from Ireland. Philadelphia: The Hibernian Society, 1892. Clark, Dennis. The Heart’s Own People: A History of the Donegal Association of Philadelphia. Philadelphia: The Donegal Association of Philadelphia, 1988. Clark, Dennis. The Irish in Philadelphia. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1973. Daniels, Roger. "Immigration in the Gilded Age: Change or Continuity?" Magazine of History vol. 13, no. 4 (1999): 21-25. Diner, Hasia R. Roads Taken: The Great Jewish Migration to the New World and the Peddlers Who Forged the Way. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2014. Dunaway, Wayland. The Scotch-Irish in Colonial Pennsylvania. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1944. Feldberg, Michael. The Philadelphia Riots of 1844: A Study in Ethnic Conflict. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1975. Feldman, Jacob. The Jewish Experience in Western Pennsylvania: A History, 1755-1945. Lancaster: The Historical Society of Lancaster, 1986. Friedman, Murray, ed. Jewish Life in Philadelphia: 1830-1940. Philadelphia: ISHI Press, 1983. —. Philadelphia Jewish Life: 1940-1985. Ardmore: Seth Press, 1986. —. When Philadelphia was the Capital of Jewish America. Cranberry: Associated University Press, 1993.

20

Golab, Caroline. “The Polish Experience in Philadelphia,” in John E. Bodnar, ed. The Ethnic Experience in Pennsylvania. Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press, 1973. 39-73. Green, Victor. The Slavic Community on Strike: Immigrant Labor in Pennsylvania Anthracite. Notre Dame, IN.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1968. —. "A Study in Slavs, Strikes, and Unions: The Anthracite Strike of 1897." Pennsylvania History 31, no. 2 (1964): 199-215. Grifo, Richard and Anthony Noto. Italian Presence in Pennsylvania. University Park: The Pennsylvania Historical Association. Magda, Matthew. The Poles in Pennsylvania: The Peoples of Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1986. —. Polish Presence in Pennsylvania. University Park: Pennsylvania Historical Association, 1992. Marcus, Jacob. Early American Jewry. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1951. Miller, Heannette. Voices of Hazleton: A Century of Jewish Life. Hazleton: International Printing Co., 1993. Morias, Henry. The Jews of Philadelphia. Philadelphia: Levytype Press, 1894. Morwaska, Ewa. For Bread with Butter: Life-Worlds of East-Central Europeans in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, 1890-1940. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Stolarik, Mark. "A Slovak Perspective on the Lattimer Massacre.” Pennsylvania History 69, no. 1 (Winter 2002): 31-41. Turner, George. "The Lattimer Massacre: A Perspective from the Ethnic Community." Pennsylvania History 69, no. 1 (Winter 2002): 11-30. Weber, Michael. “East Europeans in Steel Towns: A Comparative Analysis.” Journal of Urban History, 11 (May, 1985), 280-313. Warne, Frank. The Slav Invasion and the Mine Workers: A Study in Immigration. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1904. Washburn, David, ed. The Peoples of Pennsylvania: An Annotated Bibliography of Resource Materials. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1981. Wlodarski, Stephen. The Origin and Growth of the Polish National Catholic Church. Scranton: Polish National Catholic Church, 1974.

21

Wolf, Edwin and Maxwell Whiteman. The History of the Jews of Philadelphia from Colonial Times to the Age of Jackson. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1957.

Industrialization Bernstein, Leonard. “The Working People of Philadelphia from Colonial Times to the General Strike of 1835.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 74 (July 1950): 322-339. Black, Brian. Petrolia: The Landscape of Pennsylvania’s First Oil Boom. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003. —. "Oil Creek as Industrial Apparatus: Re-creating the Industrial Process through the Landscape of Pennsylvania's Oil Boom." Environmental History 3, no. 2 (1998): 210. —. "Petrolia: A Sacrificial Landscape of American Industrialization." Landscape: A Magazine of Human Geography 32, no. 2 (1994): 42- . Bodnar, John E. Immigration and Industrialization: Ethnicity in an American Mill Town, 1870-1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977. —. Steelton: Immigration and Industrialization, 1870-1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990. Castel, Albert. "The Rise and Fall of Pithole." American History Illustrated 16, no. 10 (1982): 12- . Cochran, Thomas C. “Philadelphia: The American Industrial Center, 1750-1850.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 106, no. 3 (1982): 323-340. Eggert, Gerald. Harrisburg Industrializes: The Coming of Factories to an American Community. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1993. Folsom, Burton W. "A Regional Analysis of Urban History: City-Building in the Lackawanna Valley during Early Industrialization." Working Papers from the Regional Economic History Research Center 2, no. 4 (March 1979): 71-100. Gittell, Ross. "The Role of Community Organization in Economic Development: Lessons from the Monongahela Valley." National Civic Review 78, no. 3 (September 1989): 187-196. Glen, Robert. "Industrial Wayfarers: Benjamin Franklin and a Case of Machine Smuggling in the 1780s." Business History 23, no. 3 (1981): 309. Jackson, Sidney L. “Labor, Education, and Politics in the 1830's.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 66, no. 3 (1942): 279-293.

22

Jacobson, Louis. "Labor Mobility and Structural Change in Pittsburgh." Journal of the American Planning Association 53, no. 4 (April 1987): 438. Kitch, Carolyn L. Pennsylvania in Public Memory: Reclaiming the Industrial Past. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2012. McCollester, Charles. The Point of Pittsburgh: Production and Struggle at the Forks of the Ohio. People’s Pittsburgh 250 ed. Pittsburgh: Battle of Homestead Foundation, 2008. Muller, Edward K. "Industrial Suburbs and the Growth of Metropolitan Pittsburgh, 1870-1920.” Journal of Historical Geography 27, no. 1 (January 2001): 58. Patton, Spiro G. “Comparative Advantage and Urban Industrialization: Reading, Allentown and Lancaster in the 19th Century.” Pennsylvania History 50, no. 2 (1983): 148-169. Peskin, Lawrence A. Manufacturing Revolution: The Intellectual Origins of Early American Industry. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 2003. Petshek, Kirk R. "Can Industrial Development Be Systematically Approached?" Land Economics 44, no. 2 (1968): 255. Poole, H. Herbert, Jr., and Robert E. Marion. Jr. "The Lancaster Comb Factory 1824-1906." Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 114, no. 1/2 (2012): 4-23. Reiser, Catherine E. “Pittsburgh’s Commercial and Industrial Development during the Opening Years of the 19th Century.” Pennsylvania History 18, no. 1 (1951): 46-55. Scranton, Philip. “Conceptualizing Pennsylvania’s Industrializations, 1850-1950.” Pennsylvania History 61, no. 1 (1994): 6-17. —. Endless Novelty: Specialty Production and American Industrialization. 1865-1925. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997. Shelton, Cynthia. “Labor and Capital in the Early Period of Manufacturing: The Failure of John Nicholson's Manufacturing Complex, 1793-1797.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 106, no. 3 (1992): 341-364. Stephen P. Rice. Minding the Machine: Languages of Class in Early Industrial America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004. Sullivan, William A. “The Industrial Revolution and the Factory Operative in Pennsylvania.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 78, no. 4 (1954): 476-494.

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United States Commission on Industrial Relations (1912). Final Report and Testimony, Vol. III, “General Industrial Relations and Conditions in Philadelphia,” 2647-2730. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1916. Winpenny, Thomas R. Industrial Progress and Human Welfare: The Rise of the Factory System in 19th Century Lancaster. Washington D.C.: University Press of America, 1982. Wittlinger, Carlton O. “Industry Comes to the Frontier.” Pennsylvania History 21, no. 2 (1954): 153-161.

Iron Bezís-Selfa, John. “Slavery and the Disciplining of Free Labor in the Colonial Mid-Atlantic Iron Industry.” Pennsylvania History 64 (1997): 270-286. Bezís-Selfa, John. Forging America: Ironworkers, Adventurers, and the Industrious Revolution. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2004. Bining, Arthur C. “Early Ironmasters of Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 18, no. 2 (1951): 93-103. —. Pennsylvania Iron Manufacture in the Eighteenth Century. Harrisburg: Publications of the Pennsylvania Historical Commission, Volume IV, 1938. —. Pennsylvania's Iron and Steel Industry. Gettysburg: The Pennsylvania Historical Association, 1954. Cremers, Estelle. Reading Furnace, 1736. Reading: Reading Furnace Press, 1986. Davis, James C. “Growing Up in an Iron Town at the Turn of the Century: A Memoir by John Griffen Pennypacker.” Pennsylvania History 44, no. 3 (1977): 233-248. Ducoff-Barone, Deborah. “Marketing and Manufacturing: A Study of Domestic Cast Iron Articles Produced at Colebrookdale Furnace, Berks County, Pennsylvania, 1735-1751.” Pennsylvania History 50, no. 1 (1983): 20-37. Eggert, Gerald G. Making Iron on the Bald Eagle: Roland Curtin's Iron Works and Workers' Community. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999. Gilbert, Daniel R. “Northampton County: From Frontier Farms to Urban Industries – and Beyond. Pennsylvania Heritage 13, no. 2 (1987): 26-31. Glasgow, Jon. “Innovation of the Frontier of the American Manufacturing Belt.” Pennsylvania History 52, no. 1 (1985): 1-21.

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Harman, J. Paul. “Stone-Stack Smelting Furnaces in Westmoreland County.” Pennsylvania History 19, no. 2 (1952): 185-193. Hinkel, Ethel V. “Montour County: The Little County That Preserved.” Pennsylvania Heritage 12, no. 4 (1986): 32-37. Kennedy, Michael V. “Working Agreements: The Use of Subcontracting in the Pennsylvania Iron Industry 1725-1789.” Pennsylvania History 65, no. 4 (1998): 492-508. Leighow, John C., Jr. “To Forge History for the Future.” Pennsylvania Heritage 29, no. 1 (2003): 30-37. Lewis, W. David. “The Early History of the Lackawanna Iron and Coal Company: A Study in Technological Adaptation.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 96, no. 4 (1972): 424-468. Montgomery, Morton L. “Early Furnaces and Forges of Berks County, Pennsylvania.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 8, no. 1 (1884): 56-81. Nash, Julia. “‘Lacy Iron': Nineteenth-Century American Ornamental Castings and Robert Wood of Philadelphia.” Pennsylvania History 34, no. 3 (1967): 229-239. Paskoff, Paul F. Industrial Evolution: Organization, Structure, and Growth of the Pennsylvania Iron Industry, 1750–1860. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983. Pilling, Ron. “Samuel Yellin: With a Hammer for a Pencil.” Pennsylvania Heritage 13, no. 1 (1987): 4-9. Rees, Jonathan. “Homestead in Context: Andrew Carnegie and the Decline of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers.” Pennsylvania History 64, no. 4 (1997): 509-533. Reiser, Catherine E. “Pittsburgh’s Commercial and Industrial Development during the Opening Years of the 19th Century.” Pennsylvania History 18, no. 1 (1951): 46-55. Santos, Michael. “Between Hegemony and Autonomy: The Skilled Iron Workers’ Search for Identity, 1900-1930.” Labor History 35, no. 3 (Summer 1994): 399-423. Silverman, Sharon H. “A Blast from the Past: Cornwall Iron Furnace.” Pennsylvania Heritage 24, no. 2 (1998): 20-31. Stapleton, Darwin H. “The Diffusion of Anthracite Iron Technology: The Case of Lancaster County.” Pennsylvania History 45, no. 2 (1978): 147-157. Stevens, Sylvester K. “A Century of Industry in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 22, no. 1 (1955): 49-68.

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Trusilo, Sharon. “The Ironworkers' Case for Amalgamation, 1867-1876.” The Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 71, no. 1 (1988): 47-68. Walker, Joseph E. “Negro Labor in the Charcoal Iron Industry of Southeastern Pennsylvania.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 93, no. 4 (1969): 466-486. —. “The End of Colonialism in the Middle Atlantic Iron Industry.” Pennsylvania History 41, no. 1 (1974): 3-26. Weber, Michael P. “Residential and Occupational Patterns of Ethnic Minorities in Nineteenth Century Pittsburgh.” Pennsylvania History 44, no. 4 (1977): 316-334. Yates, W. Ross. “Discovery of the Process for Making Anthracite Iron.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 98, no. 2 (1974): 206-223.

Law and Politics Arnold, Andrew B. “Between the Laws: Informal Definitions of Job and Property Rights in Central Pennsylvania, 1870-1884.” Pennsylvania History 70, no. 1 (2003): 28-54. Belten, Neil. “Charles Owen Rice: Pittsburgh Labor Priest, 1936-1940.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 94, no. 4 (1970): 518-532. Blatz, Perry K. “Industrial Citizenship and Industrial Unionism in Pennsylvania Steel, 1910-42.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 2014): 12-19. Cleland, Hugh G. “The Effects of Radical Groups on the Labor Movement.” Pennsylvania History 26, no. 2 (1959): 119-132. Cupper, Dan. Working in Pennsylvania: A History of the Department of Labor and Industry. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 2000. Davies, Edward J. "State Economic Policy and the Region in Pennsylvania, 1853-1895." Business & Economic History 21 (1992): 280-289. Davin, Eric Leif. “Blue Collar Democracy: Class War and Political Revolution in Western Pennsylvania, 1932-1937. Pennsylvania History 67, no. 2 (2000): 240-297. Dubofsky, Melvyn, and Melvin Dubofsky. "The Lattimer Massacre and the Meaning of Citizenship." Pennsylvania History 69, no. 1 (Winter 2002): 52-57. Fenton, Edwin. “Italians in the Labor Movement.” Pennsylvania History 26, no. 2 (1959): 133-148.

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Flannery, James L.: The Glass House Boys of Pittsburgh: Law, Technology and Child Labor. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2009. Gengarelly, W. Anthony. “Secretary of Labor William B. Wilson and the Red Scare, 1919-1920.” Pennsylvania History 47, no. 4 (1980): 310-330. Harris, Howell J. Bloodless Victories: The Rise and Fall of the Open Shop in Philadelphia Metal Trades, 1890-1940. Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 2001. Hogg, J. Bernard. “Public Reaction to Pinkertonism and the Labor Question.” Pennsylvania History 11, no. 3 (1944): 171-199. Jackson, Sidney L. “Labor, Education, and Politics in the 1830's.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 66, no. 3 (1942): 279-293. Johnson, James P. “Drafting the NRA Code of Fair Competition for the Bituminous Coal Industry.” Journal of American History 53, no. 3 (December 1966): 521-541. Loewenberg, J. Joseph. “Compulsory Arbitration for Police and Fire Fighters in Pennsylvania.” Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 23, no. 3 (April 1970): 367-39. Marcus, Irwin M., et al. “Judge Jonathan Langham and the Use of the Labor Injunction in Indiana County, 1919-1931.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 118, no. 1/2 (1994): 63-85. Mason, Bernard. “Alexander Hamilton and the Report on Manufactures: A Suggestion.” Pennsylvania History 32, no. 3 (1965): 288-294. McKee, Guian. The Problem of Jobs: Liberalism, Race, and Deindustrialization in Philadelphia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008. Miller, Nancy R. “Cornelia Bryce Pinchot and the Struggle for Protective Labor Legislation in Pennsylvania.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 132, no. 1 (2008): 33-64. Powell, H. Benjamin. “Coal and Pennsylvania’s Transportation Policy, 1825-1828.” Pennsylvania History 38, no. 2 (1971): 134-151. Pritchard, Paul W. “William B. Wilson, Master Workman.” Pennsylvania History 12, no. 2 (1945): 81-108. Rice, Charles Owen. Fighter with a Heart: Writings of Charles Owen Rice, Pittsburgh Labor Priest. Edited by Charles J. McCollester. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996. Smith, Eric Ledell, and Kenneth C. Wolensky. “A Novel Public Policy: Pennsylvania’s Fair Employment Practices Act of 1955.” Pennsylvania History 69, no. 4 (2002): 489-523.

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Spencer, Thomas T. “‘Labor Is With Roosevelt’: The Pennsylvania Labor Non-Partisan League and the Election of 1936.” Pennsylvania History 46, no. 1 (1979): 3-16. Sullivan, William A. “A Decade of Labor Strife.” Pennsylvania History 17, no. 1 (1950): 23-38. —. “The Pittsburgh Working Men’s Party.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 34 (September 1951): 151-161. Thomas, William M., and R. A. West, Report of the Case of the Commonwealth vs. John Kehoe et al., Members of the Ancient Order. Pottsville, PA: [n.p.], 1876. Wolensky, Kenneth C. “An Activist Government in Harrisburg.” Pennsylvania Heritage, 34, no. 2 (Spring 2008): 14-24. Wolfinger, James. Philadelphia Divided: Race and Politics in the City of Brotherly Love. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2011. Young, James A. “The Cold War Comes to Erie: Repression and Resistance.” In Fear Itself: Enemies Real and Imagined in American Society, edited by Nancy Lusignan Schultz. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 1999, 33- . —. “The Persecution of Radical UE Leaders at Erie’s GE Plant, 1946-1950,” Journal of Erie Studies 16 (1980).

Life Anderson, David M. "Levittown Is Burning! The 1979 Levittown, Pennsylvania, Gas Line Riot and the Decline of the Blue-Collar American Dream." Labor: Studies In Working Class History of the Americas 2, no. 3 (Fall 2005): 47-65. Aurand, Harold. Coal Cracker Culture: Work and Values in Pennsylvania Anthracite, 1835-1935. Selinsgrove: Susquehanna University Press, 2003. Bernstein, Leonard. “The Working People of Philadelphia from Colonial Times to the General Strike of 1835.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 74 (July 1950): 322-339. Bodnar, John E. Immigration and Industrialization: Ethnicity in an American Mill Town, 1870-1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977. —. Steelton: Immigration and Industrialization, 1870-1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990. —. Workers' World: Kinship, Community, and Protest in an Industrial Society, 1900–1940. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.

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Bodnar, John E., et. al. Lives of Their Own: Blacks, Italians, and Poles in Pittsburgh, 1900-1960. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983. Bonosky, Phillip. Burning Valley. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, c1953. Brew, Wayne. "Manayunk; A Place of Waterpower, Textile Industry, Gentrification, and "Hollywood." Pioneer America Society Transactions 34 (October 2011): 1-17. Brody, David. “The Social Documentary as History.” Labor History 24, no. 3 (Summer 1983): 394-397. A review of Willard Van Dyke's motion picture Valley Town, a social documentary about the impact of the Great Depression on the Pennsylvania steel town of New Castle. Brunot, William K. "The Building of the Lewis and Clark Boat in Pittsburgh." Western Pennsylvania History 92, no. 4 (2009): 22-37. English, Eileen Aiken. "The Life and Legacy of Count Leon: The Man Who Cleft the Harmonie." Communal Societies 33, no. 1 (April 2013): 45-82. Glassberg, Eudice. “Work, Wages, and the Cost of Living, Ethnic Differences and the Poverty Line, Philadelphia, 1880.” Pennsylvania History 46, no. 1 (1979): 17-58. Goldin, Claudia. “Household and Market Production of Families in a Late Nineteenth Century American City.” Explorations in Economic History 16, no. 2 (April 1979): 111-131. Greenberg, Brian. “Class Conflict and the Demise of the Artisan Order: The Cordwainers’ 1805 Strike and 1806 Conspiracy Trial.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 2014): 6-11. Hoffman, Alice M., Tom Juravich, Franklin W. Russell. Sing a Song of Unsung Heroes and Heroines: Stories and Songs of Pennsylvania Labor Pioneers. [University Park]: Department of Labor Studies, Pennsylvania State University, 1986. Keil, Thomas J., and Wayne M. Usui. “The Family Wage System in Pennsylvania’s Anthracite Region: 1850-1900.” Social Forces 67, no. 1 (September 1988): 185-207. Kitch, Carolyn L. Pennsylvania in Public Memory: Reclaiming the Industrial Past. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2012. Koss, Adele Mildred. “Programming at Burroughs and Philco in the 1950s.” IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 25, no. 4 (October-December 2003): 40-50. Laurie, Bruce. Working People of Philadelphia. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1983. Licht, Walter. Getting Work: Philadelphia, 1840-1950. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. Jason, Sonya. Icon of Spring. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1993.

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McClymer, John F. “The Pittsburgh Survey, 1907-1914: Forging an Ideology in the Steel District.” Pennsylvania History 41, no. 2 (1974): 168-186. McCollester, Charles. The Point of Pittsburgh: Production and Struggle at the Forks of the Ohio. People’s Pittsburgh 250 ed. Pittsburgh: Battle of Homestead Foundation, 2008. Morawska, Ewa. For Bread with Butter: The Life-Worlds of East Central Europeans in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, 1890-1940. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Orvell, Miles. “Documenting Everyday Life in Pennsylvania during the Great Depression and World War II.” Pennsylvania Heritage 29, no. 4 (2003): 30-37. Roberts, Peter, The Anthracite Coal Communities: A Study of the Demography, the Social, Educational, and Moral Life of the Anthracite Regions. New York: Macmillan, 1904. Scibilia, Anthony Julius. “Being Prometheus in 1943: Bringing Penicillin to the Working Man.” Pennsylvania History 80, no. 3 (2013): 442-450. Shackel, Paul, and Michael Roller, "The Gilded Age Wasn’t So Gilded in the Anthracite Region of Pennsylvania," International Journal of Historical Archaeology 16 (December 2012): 761-775. Sheppard, Si. "Beyond the New Deal: The Postmaterialist Divide in Pennsylvania Presidential Elections." Forum 11, no. 2 (August 2013): 179-207. Slavishak, Edward. “Civic Physiques: Public Images of Workers in Pittsburgh, 1880-1910.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 127, no. 3 (2003): 309-338. Smith, Billy G. The Lower Sort: Philadelphia's Laboring People, 1750-1800. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994. Sullivan, William A. The Industrial Worker in Pennsylvania, 1800-1840. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1955. —. “Philadelphia Labor during the Jackson Era.” Pennsylvania History 15, no. 4 (1948): 305-320. —. “The Pittsburgh Working Men’s Party.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 34 (September 1951): 151-161. United States Commission on Industrial Relations (1912). Final Report and Testimony, Vol. III, “General Industrial Relations and Conditions in Philadelphia,” 2647-2730. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1916.

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Wood, Gregory. "Habits of Employees": Smoking, Spies, and Shopfloor Culture at Hammermill Paper Company." Journal of Social History 45, no. 1 (Fall 2011): 84-107.

Literature Angelo, Joan Little. Blackwater Hollow, 1900-1929. Monongahela Chronicles, book 1. Edinboro: Xlibris, 2003. —. A More Perfect Union, 1929-1942. Monongahela Chronicles, book 2. Edinboro: Xlibris, 2000. —. Quittin’ Time, 1952-2000. Monongahela Chronicles, book 5. Edinboro: Xlibris, 2005. —. A Steel Valley Saga, 1942-1947. Monongahela Chronicles, book 3. Edinboro: Xlibris, 2004. —. Workin’ God, 1947-1952. Monongahela Chronicles, book 4. Edinboro: Xlibris, 2005. Attaway, William. Blood on the Forge: A Novel. New York: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1941. Bell, Thomas. Out of This Furnace. Boston: Little, Brown, 1941; Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991. Bonosky, Phillip. Burning Valley. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, c1953. Davenport, Marcia. The Valley of Decision. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989. Gilfillan, Harriet Woodridge. I Went to Pit College. New York: Viking Press, 1934. Jason, Sonya. Icon of Spring. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1993. Kenny, Kevin. “The Molly Maguires in Popular Culture,” Journal of American Ethnic History 14, no. 4 (1995): 27-46. Musmanno, Michael Angelo. Black Fury. New York: Curtis Books, 1966. Sheppard, Muriel E. Cloud by Day: The Story of Coal and Coke and People. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991.

Lumber Badendoch, Alex. "Forest County: What Better Name?." Pennsylvania Heritage 12, no. 3 (1986): 32-37.

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Bertheaud, Michael A., and Howard M. Pollman. “Exploring the Pennsylvania Energy Trail of History.” Pennsylvania Heritage 35, no. 3 (2009): 22-33. Currin, Robert K. “Potter County: At the Edge of the Forest.” Pennsylvania Heritage 15, no. 2 (1989): 22-29. Hess, Terry L. “McKean County: Where the Gold is Green.” Pennsylvania Heritage 9, no. 1 (1983): 2-8. Kiffer, Theodore E. “Driving Team in the Big Woods.” Pennsylvania Heritage 9, no. 1 (1983): 13-17. Nushke, Marie K. “Hicks, Fighters, and Clog Dancers: Early Lumber Camps in Freeman Run Valley.” Pennsylvania History 19, no. 4 (1952): 435-451. O'Malley, Michael J., III. “Jefferson County: Of Wilderness Tamed.” Pennsylvania Heritage 16, no. 1 (1990), 32-37. Stevens, S. K. “When Timber was King in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 19, no. 4 (1952): 391-395. Theiss, Lewis E. “Lumbering in Penn’s Woods.” Pennsylvania History 19, no. 4 (1952): 396-412. Unger, Robert W. “Tioga County: A Last Frontier.” Pennsylvania Heritage 7, no. 3 (1981): 2-8. Waddel, Louis M. “Courageous Cumberland County.” Pennsylvania Heritage 17, no. 3 (1991): 4-11. Wheeler, W. Reginald. “N. P. Wheeler: Lumberman, Congressman, Christian.” Pennsylvania History 19, no. 4 (1952): 421-434. Wilhelm, Samuel A. “The Wheeler and Dusenbury Lumber Company of Forest and Warren Counties.” Pennsylvania History 19, no. 4 (1952): 413-420.

Movies, Multimedia, and Videos Bethlehem Steel: The People Who Built America. Production of Lehigh Valley PBS; Jeff Chirico, producer and writer. [Bethlehem, Pa.]: Lehigh Valley PBS, c2003. 1 videodisc: sd., col. with b&w sequences; 4 3/4 in. [Blood, Sweat & Steel]. [A Two-Act Play of Mill Town Life in Mon Valley.] [Collaboration between the Penn State McKeesport Theatre Arts Department and the Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area.]. [McKeesport: Pennsylvania State University McKeesport Campus, 2005]. 1 videocassette: sd., col.; 1/2 in.

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Born of Fire: How Pittsburgh Built a Nation. A Bill Mosher Production in Partnership with the Westmoreland Museum of American Art in Association with the NewLanders. [Greensburg, PA]: Westmoreland Museum of American Art, c2006. 1 videodisc (56 min.): sd., col. with b&w sequences; 4 3/4 in. Brody, David. “The Social Documentary as History.” Labor History 24, no. 3 (Summer 1983): 394-397. A review of Willard Van Dyke's motion picture Valley Town, a social documentary about the impact of the Great Depression on the Pennsylvania steel town of New Castle. The Business of America. Directed by L. Adelman, L. Daressa, and B. Schmiechen. San Francisco, CA: California Newsreel, c1983. 1 film reel (43 min.): sd., col.; 16 mm.; 1 videocassette (43 min.): sd., col.; 1/2 in. The Columbus Legacy: The Germans -- Pennsylvania Socialists. [University Park]: Pennsylvania State University Audio-Visual Services, c1991. 1 videocassette (9 min.): sd., col.; 1/2 in. Fire in the Hole!: A Coal Miner's Tale. Producer, Editor, Len Smith; Director, Hal Wounderly. [S.l.]: Time-Warner Cable Productions, c1997. 1 videocassette (53 min.): sd., col. with b&w sequences; 1/2 in. Inside an American Factory: Films of the Westinghouse Works, 1904. Films of the Westinghouse Works, 1904; Produced by the American Mutoscope and Biograph Company from April 13 to May 16, 1904, Photographed by G.W. (Billy) Bitzer. [Washington, D.C.]: Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division, Library of Congress, 1999. Labor-Management Relations in Steel: Conflict or Cooperation. University Park: Pennsylvania State University, Audio-Visual Services, c1984. 1 videocassette (26 min.): sd., col.; 1/2 in. The Lilly Story [in 5 parts]. [Coal Mining Catholic Immigrant Residents of Lilly, Pennsylvania, Confronted Ku Klux Klan Invasion]. A Pennsylvania Labor History Society video. Published on Apr 4, 2013. http://palaborhistory.org/movies2.php McGettigan, Joan. "Working for the ‘The Company’: Managing Philadelphia Movie Theatres in the 1930s-1940s." Pennsylvania History 74, no. 2 (Spring 2007): 194-215. McKees Rocks Pressed Steel Car Strike Historical Marker – August 22, 2009. A Pennsylvania Labor History Society video. http://palaborhistory.org/movies2.php The Molly Maguires. A Tamm Production, Produced by Martin Ritt and Walter Bernstein; written by Walter Bernstein; directed by Martin Ritt. Hollywood, CA: Paramount Home Video, [1990], c1969, 1 videocassette (123 min.): sd., col.; 1/2 in.; [n.p.]: Paramount Pictures Corp., [2013?]; [Burbank, Calif.]: Distributed by Warner Home Video, c2013. 1 videodisc (124 min.): sound, color; 4 3/4 in.

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http://palaborhistory.org/movies2.php


The River Ran Red. [Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892]. Produced and directed by Steffi Domike, Nicole Fauteux; written by Nicole Fauteux. Produced in association with WQED/Pittsburgh. [Pittsburgh, Pa.]: WQED Productions, c1993, 1 videocassette (58 min.): sd., col. with b&w sequences; 1/2 in.; Culver City, CA: Zenger Video, c1993. 1 videodisc (58 min.): sd., col. with b&w sequences; 4 3/4 in. Slavishak, Edward, and Robert Brent Toplin. Ten Days That Unexpectedly Changed America: The Homestead Strike. Journal of American History 93, no. 3 (December 2006): 975-976. A review of Ten Days that Unexpectedly Changed America: The Homestead Strike, Rory Kennedy, producer and director. History Channel, 2006. Distributed by A&E Home Video, South Burlington, Vermont. Sokol, Lee. Labor Cartoons. [ca. 1975-1980]. 104 cartoons: ink, pencil, blue pencil, white out; 31 x 23 cm and smaller. In the Historical Collections and Labor Archives, University Libraries, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania. The Turnaround. [Story of the Homestead Strike of 1892]. University Park: Pennsylvania State University, Audio-Visual Services, c1976. 1 videocassette (28 min.): sd., col.; 1/2 in. USW, the Fighting Spirit. [S.l.: s.n., n.d.]. http://palaborhistory.org/movies2.php; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5CtBOSKscU

Music Bjelopera, Jerome P. "White Collars and Blackface: Race and Leisure among Clerical and Sales Workers in Early Twentieth-Century Philadelphia." Pennsylvania Magazine of History & Biography 126, no. 3 (2002): 471-490. Feeney, Anne. Dump the Bosses off Your Back. A. Feeney, 2008, compact disc. —. 500 Days. DN Striker Relief Fund, 1996, compact disc. —. Have You Been to Jail for Justice? Super 88 Records, 2000, compact disc. —. Heartland. Super 88 Records, 1994, compact disc. —. Heartland: Anne Feeney Live. Super 88 Records, 1994, cassette. —. If I Can’t Dance. A. Feeney, 2006, compact disc. —. Look to the Left. Super 88 Records, 1991, compact disc. —. There’s a Whole Lot More of Us Than They Think. A. Feeney, 1990, cassette. —. Union Maid. A. Feeney, 2003, compact disc.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5CtBOSKscU

Green, Archie. “A Discography of American Coal Miners’ Songs.” Labor History 2, no. 1 (Winter 1961): 101-115. Hoffman, Alice M., Tom Juravich, Franklin W. Russell. Sing a Song of Unsung Heroes and Heroines: Stories and Songs of Pennsylvania Labor Pioneers. [University Park]: Department of Labor Studies, Pennsylvania State University, 1986. Juravich, Tom. Altar of the Bottom Line. Finnegan, 2007, compact disc. —. Rising Again. UAW Records, 1982, 33 1/3 rpm. —. Songs from the Film Out of Darkness: The Mine Workers’ Story. Flying Fish, 1991, cassette. —. "Workers and Unions in Country Music: A Look at Some Recent Releases." Labor Studies Journal 13, no. 2 (1988): 51. —. A World to Win. Flying Fish, 1989, cassette. Korson, George G. Coal Dust on the Fiddle: Songs and Stories of the Bituminous Industry. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1943. —., ed. Songs and Ballads of the Anthracite Miner. New York: Hitchcock, 1926. Rome, Harold. Pins and Needles: 25 Anniversary Edition of the Hit Musical Revue. [New York]: Columbia Masterworks, [1962], 1 sound disc. Originally produced by the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, November 27, 1937. Stout, Mike. Heroes of History. American Blue Collar Records, 2005, compact disc. —. Point of Pittsburgh. American Blue Collar Records, 2008, compact disc. —. Soldiers of Solidarity. American Blue Collar Records, 2006, compact disc. —. War and Resistance. American Blue Collar Records, 2003, compact disc. —. Working Class Reminiscing and Vision. American Blue Collar Records, 1996, cassette. —. Working Infinity Love from the Bottom. American Blue Collar Records, 2001, compact disc.

Office Work Cross, Gary, and Peter Shergold. “‘We Think We Are of the Oppressed.’” Labor History 28, no. 1 (Winter 1987): 22-53.

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Spreng, Francis. "The Birth of the Pittsburgh Stock Exchange." Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 58, no. 1 (1975): 69-80.

Oil Badendoch, Alex. “Forest County: What Better Name?” Pennsylvania Heritage 12, no. 3 (1986): 32-37. Bertheaud, Michael A., and Howard M. Pollman. “Exploring the Pennsylvania Energy Trail of History.” Pennsylvania Heritage 35, no. 3 (2009): 22-33. Black, Brian. “Oil Creek as Industrial Apparatus: Re-creating the Industrial Process through the Landscape of Pennsylvania's Oil Boom.” Environmental History 3, no. 2 (1998): 210. Black, Brian. “Petrolia: A Sacrificial Landscape of American Industrialization.” Landscape: A Magazine of Human Geography 32, no. 2 (1994): 42. —. “Recasting the Unalterable Order of Nature: Photography and the First Oil Boom.” Pennsylvania History 64, no. 2 (1997): 275-299. —. “‘A Triumph of Individualism’: The Rule of Capture and the Ethic of Extraction in Pennsylvania’s Oil Boom.” Pennsylvania History 66, no. 4 (1999): 448-471. Black, Brian, and Marcy Ladson. “The Legacy of Extraction: Reading Patterns and Ethics in Pennsylvania's Landscape of Energy.” Pennsylvania History 79, no. 4 (2012): 377-394. Buell, Frederick. “A Short History of Oil Cultures: Or, the Marriage of Catastrophe and Exuberance.” Journal of American Studies 46, no. 2 (2012): 273-293. Daum, Arnold R. “Petroleum in Search of an Industry.” Pennsylvania History 26, no. 1 (1959): 21-34. DiLisio, James E. “The World Petroleum Industry: It All Started in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania Heritage 9, no. 3 (1983): 18-22. Healey, Richard G. “Risk and Behavioral Regional Investment: A Case Study of Speculation in the Nineteenth-Century Oil Industry of Pennsylvania.” Historical Geography 35 (2007): 214-240. Helfman, Harold M. “Twenty-Nine Hectic Days: Public Opinion and the Oil War of 1872.” Pennsylvania History 17, no. 2 (1950): 121-138. Jakle, John A. “Petrolia: The Landscape of America's First Oil Boom.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History & Biography 125, no. 4 (2001): 428-429.

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Litchfield, Carter, et al. The Bethlehem Oil Mill 1745–1934: German Technology in Early Pennsylvania. Kemblesville: Olearius Editions, 1984. Loose, John W. W. “Lancaster Countians Invest in Oil, 1864-1865.” Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 89, no. 1 (1985): 8-13. Lucier, Paul. “Petroleum: What Is It Good For?” American Heritage of Invention & Technology 7, no. 2 (1991): 56-63. Meier, Hugo A. “The History and Development of the Petroleum Industry in Warren County, Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 51, no. 3 (1984): 255-256. Michener, Carolee K., and Michael J. O'Malley, III. “The Last Frontier: Venango County – Indians, Oil, Ghost Towns.” Pennsylvania Heritage 10, no. 2 (1984): 32-37. Miller, Ernest C. “The Fountain and Hequembourg Flowing Oil Wells.” Pennsylvania History 12, no. 3 (1945): 194-199. —. “A Guide to the Early History of Pennsylvania Petroleum.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 52, no. 4 (1969): 363-385. —. “John Wilkes Booth and the Land of Oil.” Pennsylvania Heritage 7, no. 3 (1981): 9-12. —. “Oil Mining in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 13, no. 3 (1946): 194-200. —. “Pennsylvania’s Petroleum Industry.” Pennsylvania History 49, no. 3 (1982): 201-217. Miller, Ernest C., and T. K. Stratton. “Oildom’s Photographic Historian.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 55, no. 1 (1972): 1-54. Ockershausen, Jane. “The Valley That Changed the World: Visiting the Drake Well Museum.” Pennsylvania Heritage 21, no. 3 (1995): 12-19. Pease, Elaine Kelly. “Oil Fever: Letters by Timothy W. Kelly from the Pennsylvania Oil Fields.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 70, no. 3 (1987): 211-229. Reiser, Catherine E. “Pittsburgh’s Commercial and Industrial Development during the Opening Years of the 19th Century.” Pennsylvania History 18, no. 1 (1951): 46-55. Sabin, Paul. “‘A Dive into Nature’s Great Grab-bag’: Nature, Gender, and Capitalism in the Early Pennsylvania Oil Industry.” Pennsylvania History 66, no. 4 (1999): 472-505. “The Shooting Stars of Drake Well.” Pennsylvania Heritage 35, no. 3 (2009): 34-39. Stevenson, James B., and Kristin R. Woolever. “Pithole City, Boom Town Turned Ghost Town: An Interview with James B. Stevenson.” Pennsylvania Heritage 10, no. 3 (1984): 4-11.

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Sulman, A. Michael. “The Short Happy Life of Petroleum in Pittsburgh.” Pennsylvania History 33, no. 1 (1966): 50-69. Tarr, Joel A. “Changing Fuel Use Behavior and Energy Transitions: The Pittsburgh Smoke Control Movement, 1940-1950.” Journal of Social History 14, no. 4 (1981): 561-580. Wolensky, Kenneth C. “Barbara T. Zolli on ‘A Drop of Oil.’” Pennsylvania Heritage 35, no. 2 (2009): 6-13. Yergin, Daniel. “Drake's Rock Oil.” American Heritage 59, no. 4 (2010): 50-51. Zavacky, Michael J. “The History and Development of the Petroleum Industry in Warren County, Pennsylvania.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 67, no. 2 (1984): 164-167.

Public Sector Estey Martin “Early Closing Employer-Organized Origin of the Retail Labor Movement.” Labor History 13, no. 4 (1972): 560. Kimmel, S. D. "Sentimental Police." Early American Studies, An Interdisciplinary Journal 3, no. 1 (2005): 164-226. Loewenberg, J. Joseph. “Compulsory Arbitration for Police and Fire Fighters in Pennsylvania.” Industrial & Labor Relations Review 23, no. 3 (April 1970): 367-39. Reed, Merl E. “Black Workers, Defense Industries, and Federal Agencies in Pennsylvania, 1941-1945.” Labor History 27, no. 3 (Summer 1986): 356-375. Ryan, Francis. AFSCME's Philadelphia Story: Municipal Workers and Urban Power in the Twentieth Century. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2010. Ryan, Francis. Organizing the Keystone State: AFSCME and the Campaign for Commonwealth Workers in Pennsylvania.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 2014): 26-31. Shelton, Jon. “Against the Public: The Pittsburgh Teachers Strike of 1975-1976 and the Crisis of the Labor-Liberal Coalition. (cover story)." Labor: Studies In Working Class History of the Americas 10, no. 2 (2013): 55-75. Wilkens, Mark. "Making the City Work: Municipal Employees and Their Managers in New York City and Philadelphia, 1880-1940." S.l.: n.p., 2005.

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Railroad and Locomotives (See also Transportation)

Aldrich, Mark. “Public Relations and Technology: The 'Standard Railroad of the World' and the Crisis in Railroad Safety, 1897-1916.” Pennsylvania History 74, no. 1 (2007): 74-104. Alexander, James, Jr. “Where History & Magic Converge: The Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania Heritage 21, no. 4 (1995): 29-37. Barrett, Ross. "Picturing a Crude Past: Primitivism, Public Art, and Corporate Oil Promotion in the United States." Journal of American Studies 46, no. 2 (2012): 395-422. Brown, John K. The Baldwin Locomotive Works, 1831-1915: A Study in American Industrial Practice. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995. Coleman, John F. “Cambria County: Coming Full Circle.” Pennsylvania Heritage 12, no. 1 (1986): 12-17. Davis, Colin J. Power at Odds: The 1922 National Railroad Shopmen's Strike. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997. Eggert, Gerald G. “Teetering on the Brink of Rebellion?” Pennsylvania Heritage 18, no. 3 (1992): 4-9. Farmerie, Samuel A. “The Call of Clarion.” Pennsylvania Heritage 11, no. 2 (1985): 32-37. Gensheimer, Lisa. “The Lady and the Titan.” Pennsylvania Heritage 28, no. 2 (2002): 6-11. Guiler, Thomas A. and Lee M. Penyak. “Braceros and Bureaucracy: Mexican Guest Workers on the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad during the 1940s.” Pennsylvania History 76, no. 4 (2009): 422-469. Heath, Andrew. “The Public Interest of the Private City: The Pennsylvania Railroad, Urban Space, and Philadelphia's Economic Elite, 1846-1877.” Pennsylvania History 79, no. 2 (2012): 177-208. Henwood, James N. J., and John G. Muncie. Laurel Line: An Anthracite Region Railway. Glendale, CA: Interurban Press, 1986. O'Malley, Michael J., III. “Wayne County: A History Deep and Clear.” Pennsylvania Heritage 14, no. 3 (1988): 10-15. Orvell, Miles. “Documenting Everyday Life in Pennsylvania during the Great Depression and World War II.” Pennsylvania Heritage 29, no. 4 (2003): 30-37.

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Powers, Tom. "The Powers Run Insurrection: The Entrepreneur vs. the Railroad." Western Pennsylvania History 90, no. 2 (2007): 26-35. Saunders, Ivan W. “Geared Iron Horses in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 32, no. 4 (1965): 355-365. Scranton, Philip. Endless Novelty: Specialty Production and American Industrialization. 1865-1925. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997. Stromquist, Shelton. “The 1877 Railroad Strikes: A Social History Perspective: Paper Presented at the Fourth Annual Meeting of the Pennsylvania Labor History Society, Reading, Pa., October 14, 1977.” Pennsylvania Labor History Notes 1, no. 4 (June 1978): 9-17. Treese, Lorett. “'Your Future Depends on Yourself': Asa Packer as the Self-Made Man.” Pennsylvania Heritage 24, no. 4 (1998): 32-39. Van Horne, John C. “'The Greatest Highway to the West': Photographer William H. Rau Documents the Pennsylvania Railroad.” Pennsylvania Heritage 22, no. 4 (1996): 4-13. White, John H. “Almost on the Right Track: The Densmore Tank Car.” Pennsylvania Heritage 11, no. 3 (1985): 12-17.

Restaurants, Diners, and Fast-Food Franchises "The Arcadíans of Vlácho-Kerasia." Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 110, no. 3/4 (2008): 107-116. Butko, Brian A. “Seen Any Good Diners Lately?” Pittsburgh History 73, no. 3 (1990): 99-114. Silcox, Harry C. South Philadelphia: Mummers, Memories, and the Melrose Diner. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996.

Slavery, Servitude, and Prison Labor Herrick, Cheesman A. White Servitude in Pennsylvania: Indentured and Redemption Labor in Colony and Commonwealth. Philadelphia: McVey, 1926.

Steel

Apelt, Brian. The Corporation: A Centennial Biography of United States Steel Corporations, 1901-2001. Pittsburgh: Cathedral Publishing, University of Pittsburgh, 2001.

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Asher, Robert. “Painful Memories: The Historical Consciousness of Steelworkers and the Steel Strike of 1919.” Pennsylvania History 45, no. 1 (1978): 61-86. Behum, Frank A., Sr. 30 Years under the Beam: Bethlehem Steel Exposed As Told by Those Who Worked There. Savannah: Continental Shelf Publishing, 2010. Bell, Thomas. Out of This Furnace: A Novel of Immigrant Labor in America. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991. Belten, Neil. “Charles Owen Rice: Pittsburgh Labor Priest, 1936-1940.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 94, no. 4 (1970): 518-532. Bining, Arthur C. Pennsylvania's Iron and Steel Industry. Gettysburg: Pennsylvania Historical Association, 1954. Blatz, Perry K. “Industrial Citizenship and Industrial Unionism in Pennsylvania Steel, 1910-42.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 2014): 12-19. Bodnar, John E. Immigration and Industrialization: Ethnicity in an American Mill Town, 1870-1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977. —. Steelton: Immigration and Industrialization, 1870-1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990. Brody, David. “The Social Documentary as History.” Labor History 24, no. 3 (Summer 1983): 394-397. A review of Willard Van Dyke's motion picture Valley Town, a social documentary about the impact of the Great Depression on the Pennsylvania steel town of New Castle. Burgoyne, Arthur G. The Homestead Strike of 1892. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1979. Cohen, Steven R. “Steelworkers Rethink the Homestead Strike of 1892.” Pennsylvania History 48, no. 2 (1981): 155-177. Coleman, John F. “Cambria County: Coming Full Circle.” Pennsylvania Heritage 12, no. 1 (1986): 12-17. Davin, Eric Leif. “Blue Collar Democracy: Class War and Political Revolution in Western Pennsylvania, 1932-1937. Pennsylvania History 67, no. 2 (2000): 240-297. Demarest, David P. "The River Ran Red": Homestead 1892. Pittsburgh and London: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1992. Dickerson, Dennis C. Out of the Crucible: Black Steelworkers in Western Pennsylvania, 1875–1980. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1986.

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Dublin, Thomas, and Walter Licht. The Face of Decline: The Pennsylvania Anthracite Region in the Twentieth Century. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2005. Eggert, Gerald G. Steelmasters and Labor Reform, 1886–1923. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1981. Frantz, John B. Homestead: The Households of a Mill Town. Pittsburgh: University Center for International Studies of the University of Pittsburgh, 1974. Gilbert, Daniel R. “Northampton County: From Frontier Farms to Urban Industries – and Beyond. Pennsylvania Heritage 13, no. 2 (1987): 26-31. Glasgow, Jon. “Innovation of the Frontier of the American Manufacturing Belt.” Pennsylvania History 52, no. 1 (1985): 1-21. Hinshaw, John. Steel and Steelworkers: Race and Class Struggle in Twentieth-Century Pittsburgh. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2002. Hinshaw, John, and Judith Modell. Perceiving Racism: Homestead from Depression to Deindustrialization.” Pennsylvania History 63, no. 1 (1996): 17-52. Ingham, John N. “A Strike in the Progressive Era: McKees Rocks, 1909.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 90, no. 3 (1966): 353-377. Kleinberg, S. J. The Shadow of the Mills: Working-Class Families in Pittsburgh, 1870–1907. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989. Krass, Peter. Carnegie. Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Krause, Paul. The Battle for Homestead, 1880-1892: Politics, Culture, and Steel. Pittsburgh and London: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1992. Magda, Matthew S. Monessen: Industrial Boomtown and Steel Community, 1898-1980. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1985. Marcus, Irwin W. “The Deindustrialization of America: Homestead, a Case Study, 1959-1984.” Pennsylvania History 52, no. 3 (1985): 192-182. —. “An Experiment in Reindustrialization: The Tri-State Conference on Steel and the Creation of the Steel Valley Authority.” Pennsylvania History 54, no. 3 (1987): 179-196. —. “The Johnstown Steel Strike of 1919: The Struggle for Unionism and Civil Liberties.” Pennsylvania History 63, no. 1 (1996): 96-118. Marcus, Irwin M., et al. “Change and Continuity: Steel Workers in Homestead, Pennsylvania, 1889-1895.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 111, no. 1 (1987): 61-75.

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Marsh, John L. “Captain Fred, Co. I, and the Workers of Homestead.” Pennsylvania History 46, no. 4 (1979): 291-311. Martin, Louis C. “Tin Plate Towns, 1890-1910: Local Labor Movements and Workers' Responses to the Crisis in the Steelworkers' Union.” Pennsylvania History 74, no. 4 (2007): 492-528. McClymer, John F. “The Pittsburgh Survey, 1907-1914: Forging an Ideology in the Steel District.” Pennsylvania History 41, no. 2 (1974): 168-186. McHugh, Jeanne. Alexander Holley and the Makers of Steel. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980. McPherson, Donald S. “The ‘Little Steel’ Strike of 1937 in Johnstown, Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 39, no. 2 (1972): 219-238. Meyerhuber, Carl I. “Black Valley: Pennsylvania's Alle-Kiski and the Great Strike of 1919.” The Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 62, no. 3 (1979): 251-265. Misa, Thomas. A Nation of Steel: The Making of Modern America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995. Modell, Judith. A Town without Steel: Envisioning Homestead. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1998. Moore, E. E. “Pittsburgh and the Steel Industry.” Pennsylvania History 26, no. 1 (1959): 54-68. Mosher, Anne E. Capital’s Utopia: Vandergrift, Pennsylvania, 1855-1916. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 2004. Nash, Michael. Conflict and Accommodation: Coal Miners, Steel Workers, and Socialism, 1890–1920. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1982. Nelson, Daniel. “Taylorism and the Workers of Bethlehem Steel, 1898-1901.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 101, no. 4 (1977): 487-505. Orvell, Miles. “Documenting Everyday Life in Pennsylvania during the Great Depression and World War II.” Pennsylvania Heritage 29, no. 4 (2003): 30-37. Rees, Jonathan. “Giving with One Hand and Taking Away with the Other: The Failure of Welfare Capitalism at United States Steel, 1901-1937.” Labor’s Heritage 9 (1997): 20-57. Rees, Jonathan. “Homestead in Context: Andrew Carnegie and the Decline of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers.” Pennsylvania History 64, no. 4 (1997): 509-533.

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Rees, Jonathan. Managing the Mills: Labor Policy in the American Steel Industry during the Nonunion Era. Lanham: University Press of America, 2003. Reutter, Mark. Sparrows Point: Making Steel—the Rise and Ruin of American Industrial Might. New York: Summit Books, 1988. Rose, James D. Duquesne and the Rise of Steel Unionism. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2001. Santos, Michael. “Between Hegemony and Autonomy: The Skilled Iron Workers’ Search for Identity, 1900-1930.” Labor History 35, no. 3 (Summer 1994): 399-423. Scranton, Philip. “Many Cities, Many Hills: Production, Space, and Diversity in Pennsylvania's Urban History.” Pennsylvania History 59, no. 1 (1992): 29-37. Serene, Frank H. “1919: Organization and Dashed Hopes: Paper Presented at the Third Annual Meeting of the Pennsylvania Labor History Society, Pittsburgh, Pa., November 12, 1976.” Pennsylvania Labor History Notes 1, no. 3 (December 1976): 11-16. Slavishak, Edward, and Robert Brent Toplin. Ten Days That Unexpectedly Changed America: The Homestead Strike. Journal of American History 93, no. 3 (December 2006): 975-976. A review of Ten Days that Unexpectedly Changed America: The Homestead Strike, Rory Kennedy, producer and director. History Channel, 2006. Distributed by A&E Home Video, South Burlington, Vermont. Stolarik, M. Mark. “Slovak-Americans in the Great Steel Strike.” Pennsylvania History 64, no. 3 (1997): 407-418. Strohmeyer, John. Crisis in Bethlehem: Big Steel’s Struggle to Survive. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1994. Swetnam, George. “Labor-Management Relations in Pennsylvania's Steel Industry, 1800-1959.” The Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 62, no. 4 (1979): 321-332. Tarr, Joel A. Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. Rice, Charles Owen. Fighter with a Heart: Writings of Charles Owen Rice, Pittsburgh Labor Priest. Edited by Charles J. McCollester. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996. United States Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Investigation of the Employment of Pinkerton Detectives in Connection with the Labor Troubles at Homestead, Pennsylvania. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1892. Warren, Kenneth. Bethlehem Steel: Builder and Arsenal of America. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2008.

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Warren, Kenneth. Big Steel: The First Century of the United States Steel Corporation, 1901-2001. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2008. Weber, Michael P. “Residential and Occupational Patterns of Ethnic Minorities in Nineteenth Century Pittsburgh.” Pennsylvania History 44, no. 4 (1977): 316-334. Yates, W. Ross. Bethlehem of Pennsylvania: The Golden Years 1841–1920. Bethlehem: Bethlehem Book Committee, 1976.

Strikes and Protests

Anderson, David M. "Levittown Is Burning! The 1979 Levittown, Pennsylvania, Gas Line Riot and the Decline of the Blue-Collar American Dream." Labor: Studies In Working Class History of the Americas 2, no. 3 (Fall 2005): 47-65. Arnold, Andrew B. “Between the Laws: Informal Definitions of Job and Property Rights in Central Pennsylvania, 1870-1884.” Pennsylvania History 70, no. 1 (2003): 28-54. Asher, Robert. “Painful Memories: The Historical Consciousness of Steelworkers and the Steel Strike of 1919.” Pennsylvania History 45, no. 1 (1978): 61-86. Aurand, Harold W. “The Anthracite Strike of 1887-1888.” Pennsylvania History 35, no. 2 (1968): 169-185. —., ed. “The Lattimer Massacre of 1897.” Special Issue, Pennsylvania History 69, no. 1 (2002). Bernstein, Leonard. “The Working People of Philadelphia from Colonial Times to the General Strike of 1835.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 74 (July 1950): 322-339. Bimba, Anthony. The Molly Maguires. New York: International Publishers, 1932. Blankenhorn, Heber. The Strike for Union. New York: Arno, 1969. Blatz, Perry K. “The All-Too-Youthful Proletarians.” Pennsylvania Heritage 7, no. 1 (March 1981): 13-16. Brisbin, Richard A., Jr. A Strike like No Other Strike: Law and Resistance during the Pittston Coal Strike of 1989-1990. Morgantown: University of West Virginia Press, 2010. Burgoyne, Arthur G. The Homestead Strike of 1892. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1979.

45

Bussel, Robert, and Amy Bischof. “‘Everybody’s Town’: Defending the Social Contract in Hershey, Pennsylvania.” Labor: Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas 1, no. 2 (2004): 27-40. Blackman, John L., Jr. “The Seizure of the Reading Railroad in 1864.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 111, no. 1 (1987): 49-60. Cohen, Steven R. “Steelworkers Rethink the Homestead Strike of 1892.” Pennsylvania History 48, no. 2 (1981): 155-177. Coleman, J. Walter. The Molly Maguire Riots. New York: Arno & The New York Times, 1969. Cooper, Eileen M. “That Magnificent Fight for Unionism: The Somerset County Strike of 1922.” Pennsylvania Heritage 17, no. 4 (1991): 12-17. Cornell, Robert J. The Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 1957. Davis, Colin J. Power at Odds: The 1922 National Railroad Shopmen's Strike. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997. Dewees, F. P. The Molly Maguires: The Origin, Growth, and Character of the Organization. New York: Burt Franklin, 1877. Eggert, Gerald G. “Teetering on the Brink of Rebellion?” Pennsylvania Heritage 18, no. 3 (1992). Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. Department of Research and Education. The Coal Strike in Western Pennsylvania. New York: The Council, 1928. Filippelli, Ronald L. “Diary of a Strike: George Medrick and the Coal Strike of 1927 in Western Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 43, no. 3 (1976). A Full Account: The Lives and Crimes of the “Molly Maguires.” Philadelphia: [n.p.], 1877. Greenberg, Brian. “Class Conflict and the Demise of the Artisan Order: The Cordwainers’ 1805 Strike and 1806 Conspiracy Trial.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 2014): 6-11. Greene, Victor R. The Slavic Community on Strike: Immigrant Labor in Pennsylvania Anthracite. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1968. —. “A Study in Slavs, Strikes, and Unions: The Anthracite Strike of 1897.” Pennsylvania History 31, no. 2 (1964): 199-215. Gutman, Herbert G. “Two Lockouts in Pennsylvania, 1873-1874.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 83, no. 3 (July 1959): 307-326.

46

Hogg, J. Bernard. “Public Reaction to Pinkertonism and the Labor Question.” Pennsylvania History 11, no. 3 (1944): 171-199. Howard, Walter T. “’Radicals Not Wanted’: Communists and the 1929 Wilkes-Barre Silk Mill Strikes.” Pennsylvania History 69, no. 3 (2002): 342-366. Ingham, John N. “A Strike in the Progressive Era: McKees Rocks, 1909.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 90, no. 3 (1966): 353-377. Irwin Marcus, et. al. “The Coral Episode of the Coal Strike of 1919.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 114, no. 4 (1990): 543-561. Kanarek, Harold K. “The Pennsylvania Anthracite Strike of 1922.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 99, no. 2 (1975): 207-225. Kimball, J. L., and Ken Fones-Wolf. “Notes and Documents: Mass Strikes, Corporate Strategies: The Baldwin Locomotive Works and the Philadelphia General Strike of 1910.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 110, no. 3 (1986): 447-457. Kornacki, Julianne. "Revealing Division: The Philadelphia Shirtwaist Strike, the Jewish Community, and Republican Machine Politics, 1909-1910." Pennsylvania History 80, no. 3 (2013): 364-400. Marcus, Irwin M. “The Johnstown Steel Strike of 1919: The Struggle for Unionism and Civil Liberties.” Pennsylvania History 63, no. 1 (1996): 96-118. Marcus, Irwin, et. al. “The Coal Strike of 1919 in Indiana County.” Pennsylvania History 56, no. 3 (1989): 177-195. Marcus, Irwin M., et. al. “Confrontation at Rossiter: The Coal Strike of 1927-1928 and Its Aftermath.” Pennsylvania History 59, no. 4 (1992): 310-326. Martin, Louis C. “Tin Plate Towns, 1890-1910: Local Labor Movements and Workers' Responses to the Crisis in the Steelworkers' Union.” Pennsylvania History 74, 4 (2007): 492-528. McDonough, Judith. “Worker Solidarity, Judicial Oppression, and Police Repression in the Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania Coal Miner's Strike, 1910-11.” Pennsylvania History 64, no. 3 (1997): 384-406. McPherson, Donald S. “The ‘Little Steel’ Strike of 1937 in Johnstown, Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 39, no. 2 (1972): 219-238. Merrick, Sister Mary A. A Case in Practical Democracy: Settlement of the Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902. South Bend: University of Notre Dame Library, 1942.

47

Meyerhuber, Carl I. “Black Valley: Pennsylvania's Alle-Kiski and the Great Strike of 1919.” The Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 62, no. 3 (1979): 251-265. Olson, Craig A. "Strikes, Strike Penalties, and Arbitration in Six States." Industrial & Labor Relations Review 39, no. 4 (1986): 539. Pinkerton, Allan. The Molly Maguires and the Detectives. New York: G.W. Carleton, 1878. Pope, James G. “The Western Pennsylvania Coal Strike of 1933, Part I: Lawmaking from Below and the Revival of the United Mine Workers.” Labor History 44, no. 1 (2003): 15-48. Pope James G. “The Western Pennsylvania Coal Strike of 1933, Part II: Lawmaking from Above and the Demise of Democracy in the United Mine Workers.” Labor History 44, no. 2 (2003): 235-264. Rhodes, James Ford. “The Molly Maguires in the Anthracite Region of Pennsylvania.” American Historical Review 15 (April 1910): 547-561. Serene, Frank H. “1919: Organization and Dashed Hopes: Paper Presented at the Third Annual Meeting of the Pennsylvania Labor History Society, Pittsburgh, Pa., November 12, 1976.” Pennsylvania Labor History Notes 1, no. 3 (December 1976): 11-16. Sidorick, Daniel. “‘The ‘Girl Army’: The Philadelphia Shirtwaist Strike of 1909-1910.” Pennsylvania History 71, no. 3 (2004): 323-369. Slavishak, Edward, and Robert Brent Toplin. Ten Days That Unexpectedly Changed America: The Homestead Strike. Journal of American History 93, no. 3 (December 2006): 975-976. A review of Ten Days that Unexpectedly Changed America: The Homestead Strike, Rory Kennedy, producer and director. History Channel, 2006. Distributed by A&E Home Video, South Burlington, Vermont. Sperry, J. R. “Rebellion within the Ranks: Pennsylvania Anthracite, John L. Lewis, and the Coal Strikes of 1943.” Pennsylvania History 40, no. 3 (1973): 292-312. Stepenoff, Bonnie. “Keeping It in the Family: Mother Jones and the Pennsylvania Silk Strike of 1900-1901.” Labor History 38, no. 4 (Fall 1997): 432-449. Sterba, Christopher M. “Family, Work, and Nation: Hazleton, Pennsylvania, and the 1934 General Strike in Textiles.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 120, no. 1/2 (1996): 3-35. Stolarik, M. Mark. “Slovak-Americans in the Great Steel Strike.” Pennsylvania History 64, no 3 (1997): 407-418.

48

Stromquist, Shelton. “The 1877 Railroad Strikes: A Social History Perspective: Paper Presented at the Fourth Annual Meeting of the Pennsylvania Labor History Society, Reading, Pa., October 14, 1977.” Pennsylvania Labor History Notes 1, no. 4 (June 1978): 9-17. Sukle, R. S. Bucket of Blood: The Ragman's War. New York: IUniverse, 2004. United States Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Investigation of the Employment of Pinkerton Detectives in Connection with the Labor Troubles at Homestead, Pennsylvania. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1892. Wolfinger, James. Philadelphia Divided: Race and Politics in the City of Brotherly Love. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2011. Young, James A. “Bitter Pill in Chocolate Town: The Hershey Sit-down Strike in 1937.” Pennsylvania Labor History Journal 27, December 2005. Zieger, Robert H. “Pennsylvania Coal and Politics: The Anthracite Strike of 1925-1926.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 93, no. 2 (1969): 244-262.

Textiles

Arbuckle, Robert D. “John Nicholson and the Attempt to Promote Pennsylvania Industry in the 1790s.” Pennsylvania History 42, no. 2 (1975): 98-114. Brew, Wayne. "Manayunk; A Place of Waterpower, Textile Industry, Gentrification, and "Hollywood." Pioneer America Society Transactions 34 (October 2011): 1-17. Cochran, Thomas C. “Philadelphia: The American Industrial Center, 1750-1850.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 106, no. 3 (1982): 323-340. "The Early Silk Industry of Lancaster County." Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 100, no. 4 (1998): 411-424. Fine, Lisa M. "Their Fathers' Daughters: Silk Mill Workers in Northeastern Pennsylvania, 1880-1960." Labor History 41, no. 3 (2000): 365-366. Glover, Frederick J. “Philadelphia Merchants and the Yorkshire Blanket Trade, 1820-1860.” Pennsylvania History 28, no. 2 (1961): 121-141. Greed, Hardy. The Company Town: The Industrial Edens and Satanic Mills that Shaped the American Economy. New York: Basic Books, 2010. Hall, Elizabeth A. “If Looms Could Speak.” Pennsylvania Heritage 32, no. 3 (2006): 26-29.

49

Holleran, Philip M. “Explaining the Decline of Child Labor in Pennsylvania Silk Mills, 1899-1919.” Pennsylvania History 63, no. 1 (1996): 78-95. Hood, Adrienne D. The Weaver's Craft: Cloth, Commerce, and Industry in Early Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003. Howard, Walter T. “’Radicals Not Wanted’: Communists and the 1929 Wilkes-Barre Silk Mill Strikes.” Pennsylvania History 69, no. 3 (2002): 342-366. Kleinberg, S. J. “Children's and Mothers' Wage Labor in Three Eastern U. S. Cities, 1880-1920.” Social Science History 29, no. 1 (2005): 45-76. Kornacki, Julianne. "Revealing Division: The Philadelphia Shirtwaist Strike, the Jewish Community, and Republican Machine Politics, 1909-1910." Pennsylvania History 80, 3 (2013): 364-400. Kring, Hilda Adam. "Gertrude Rapp: Harmony Society Hostess." Pennsylvania Folklife 34, no. 3 (1985): 139-143. Lapisardi, Emily. "Harmony Society Silk: A Celebration of Aesthetics, Craftsmanship, and Ideology." Communal Societies 26, no. 1 (2006): 27-35. Lauver, Fred J. “All in the Family: The Riches in Woolrich.” Pennsylvania Heritage 29, no. 1 (2003): 12-21. McConaghy, Mary. “The Whitaker Mill, 1813-1843: A Case Study of Workers, Technology and Community in Early Industrial Philadelphia.” Pennsylvania History 51, no. 1 (1984): 30-63. McFarland, C. K. “Crusade for Child Laborers: ‘Mother’ Jones and the March of the Mill Children.” Pennsylvania History 38, no. 3 (1971): 283-296. O'Malley, Michael J. III. “Wayne County: A History Deep and Clear.” Pennsylvania Heritage 14, no. 3 (1988): 10-15. Pessen, Edward. “Thomas Brothers, Anti-Capitalist Employer.” Pennsylvania History 24, no. 4 (1957): 321-330. Reibel, Daniel B., and Rachel P. Maines. “Unlikely Capitalists: Harmonists as Textile Manufacturers.” Pennsylvania Heritage 10, no. 2 (1984): 18-25. Scranton, Philip. Endless Novelty: Specialty Production and American Industrialization. 1865-1925. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997. —. Figured Tapestry: Production, Markets, and Power in Philadelphia Textiles, 1885-1941. Cambridge, England; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

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—. “An Immigrant Family & Industrial Enterprise: Seville Schofield & the Philadelphia Textile Manufacture, 1845-1900.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 106, no. 3 (1982): 365-392. —. “Large Firms and Industrial Restructuring: The Philadelphia Region, 1900-1980.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 116, no. 4 (1992): 419-465. —. Proprietary Capitalism: The Textile Manufacture at Philadelphia, 1800-1885. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984. —. Work Sights: Industrial Philadelphia, 1890–1950. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1986. Shelton, Cynthia J. The Mills of Manayunk: Industrialization and Social Conflict in the Philadelphia Region, 1787–1837. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986. Sidorick, Daniel. “The ‘Girl Army’: The Philadelphia Shirtwaist Strike of 1909-1910.” Pennsylvania History 71, no. 3 (2004): 323-369. Silcox, Harry C. “Henry Disston's Model Industrial Community: Nineteenth-Century Paternalism in Tacony, Philadelphia.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 114, no. 4 (1990): 483-515. Stepenoff, Bonnie. “Child Labor in Pennsylvania's Silk Mills: Protest and Change, 1900-1910.” Pennsylvania History 59, no. 2 (1992): 101-121. —. “Keeping It in the Family: Mother Jones and the Pennsylvania Silk Strike of 1900-1901.” Labor History, 38, no. 4 (Fall 1997): 432-449. Sterba, Christopher M. “Family, Work, and Nation: Hazleton, Pennsylvania, and the 1934 General Strike in Textiles.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 120, no. 1/2 (1996): 3-35. Stevens, Sylvester K. “A Century of Industry in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 22, no. 1 (1955): 49-68. Tabachnick, Alan D. “Two Gentlemen of Vision.” Pennsylvania Heritage 17, no. 3 (1991): 12-17. Waddel, Louis M. “Courageous Cumberland County.” Pennsylvania Heritage 17, no. 3 (1991): 4-11. Wolensky, Kenneth C. “Unity House: A Workers' Shangri-La.” Pennsylvania Heritage 24, no. 3 (1998): 20-29.

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Wolensky, Robert P. “Organizing Ladies’ Garment Workers in Northeastern Pennsylvania: Min Matheson and the ILGWU.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 1914): 20-25.

Transportation (See also Railroads and Locomotives) Biles, David. “Circles and Cycles—Working the Monongahela River Towboats: A Personal Portrait.” Pennsylvania Heritage 28, no. 1 (2002): 6-11. Brew, Wayne. "Manayunk; A Place of Waterpower, Textile Industry, Gentrification, and "Hollywood." Pioneer America Society Transactions 34 (October 2011): 1-17. Bruggeman, Seth C. “Pennsylvania Boatbuilding: Charting a State Tradition.” Pennsylvania History 65, no. 2 (1998): 170-189. Brunot, William K. "The Building of the Lewis and Clark Boat in Pittsburgh." Western Pennsylvania History 92, no. 4 (2009): 22-37. Corbalis, Ryan P. "For Lancaster's True Trolley Park, Look West." Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 113, no. 1 (Spring 2011): 8-27. Gilbert, John. “Life on the Lehigh Canal.” Pennsylvania Heritage 24, no. 2 (1998): 12-19. Heinrech, Thomas R. Ships for the Seven Seas: Philadelphia Shipbuilding in the Era of Industrial Capitalism. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997. Hessen, Robert. “Charles Schwab and the Shipbuilding Crisis of 1918.” Pennsylvania History 38, no. 4 (1971): 389-399. Snyder, Rod. “Erie Maritime Museum: A New Museum Opens a Window to History.” Pennsylvania Heritage 24, no. 4 (1998): 12-23.

Unions and the Labor Movement

Abrams, James, et. al. “Anthracite Mining Unionism and the UMW: An Oral History.” Pennsylvania History 58, no. 4 (1991): 330-337. Arky, Louis H. “The Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations and the Formation of the Philadelphia Workingmen's Movement.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 76, no. 2 (1952): 142-176. Anthracite Bureau of Information, Philadelphia. The Anthracite Strike of 1922: A Chronological Statement of the Communications and Negotiations between the Hard Coal Operators and the United Mine Workers of America. Philadelphia: Anthracite Bureau of Information, [1922?].

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Beik, Mildred. The Miners of Windber: The Struggles of New Immigrants for Unionization, 1890s-1930s. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2006. Belten, Neil. “Charles Owen Rice: Pittsburgh Labor Priest, 1936-1940.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 94, no. 4 (1970): 518-532. Blankenhorn, Heber. The Strike for Union. New York: Arno, 1969. Blatz, Perry K. “Industrial Citizenship and Industrial Unionism in Pennsylvania Steel, 1910-42.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 2014): 12-19. Blatz, Perry K. “Local Leadership and Local Militancy: The Nanticoke Strike of 1899 and the Roots of Unionization in the Northern Anthracite Field.” Pennsylvania History 58, no. 4 (1991): 278-297. Bonosky, Phillip. Burning Valley. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, c1953. Cale, Edgar B. The Organization of Labor in Philadelphia, 1850-1870. Philadelphia: the Author, 1940. Clark, Paul F. "Organizing the Organizers: Professional Staff Unionism in the American Labor Movement." Industrial & Labor Relations Review 42, no. 4 (1989): 584-599. Clark, Paul F., and Darlene A. Clark. "Union Strategies for Improving Patient Care: The Key to Nurse Unionism." Labor Studies Journal 31, no. 1 (2006): 51-70. Cole, Peter. Wobblies on the Waterfront: Interracial Unionism in Progressive-Era Philadelphia (Working Class in American History). Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2007. Cooper, Eileen M. “To Organize the Unorganized.” Pennsylvania Heritage 15, no. 1 (1989): 32-37. Davin, Eric Leif. “Blue Collar Democracy: Class War and Political Revolution in Western Pennsylvania, 1932-1937. Pennsylvania History 67, no. 2 (2000): 240-297. Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. Department of Research and Education. The Coal Strike in Western Pennsylvania. New York: The Council, 1928. Fones-Wolf, Elizabeth. “Industrial Unionism and Labor Movement Culture in Depression-Era Philadelphia.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 109, no. 1 (1985): 3-26. Fones-Wolf, Ken. Trade Union Gospel: Christianity and Labor in Industrial Philadelphia, 1865-1915. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1989. Gilfillan, Harriet Woodridge. I Went to Pit College. New York: Viking Press, 1934.

53

Greenberg, Brian. “Class Conflict and the Demise of the Artisan Order: The Cordwainers’ 1805 Strike and 1806 Conspiracy Trial.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 2014): 6-11. Greene, Victor. "A Study in Slavs, Strikes, and Unions: The Anthracite Strike of 1897." Pennsylvania History 31, no. 2 (1964): 199-215. Grob, Gerald N. “Terence V. Powderly and the Knights of Labor.” Mid-America 39 (New Series, 28), no. 1 (January 1958): 39-55. Grossman, Jonathan. William Sylvis, Pioneer of American Labor. New York: Columbia University Press, 1945. Harris, Howard, and Perry K. Blatz. Keystone of Democracy: A History of Pennsylvania Workers. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1999. Heineman, Kenneth J. “A Catholic New Deal: Religion and Labor in 1930s Pittsburgh.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 118, no. 4 (1994): 363-394. Hoffman, Alice M., Tom Juravich, Franklin W. Russell. Sing a Song of Unsung Heroes and Heroines: Stories and Songs of Pennsylvania Labor Pioneers. [University Park]: Department of Labor Studies, Pennsylvania State University, 1986. Howard, Walter T. “The National Miners Union: Communists and Miners in the Pennsylvania Anthracite, 1928-1931.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 125, no. 1/2 (2001): 91-124. James, Alfred P. “The First Convention of the American Federation of Labor, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, November 15th-18th, 1881: A Study in Contemporary Local Newspapers as a Source.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 6, no. 4 (October 1923): 201-233; Vol. 7, no. 1 (January 1924): 29-56; Vol. 7, no. 2 (April 1924): 106-120. Johnson, James P. “Reorganizing the United Mine Workers of America in Pennsylvania during the New Deal.” Pennsylvania History 37, no. 2 (1970): 117-132. Kimeldorf, Howard. Battling for American Labor: Wobblies, Craft Workers, and the Making of the Union Movement. Oakland: University of California Press, 1999. Kuritz, Hyman. “The Labor Injunction in Pennsylvania, 1891-1931.” Pennsylvania History 29, no. 3 (1962): 306-321. Loewenberg, J. Joseph. “Compulsory Arbitration for Police and Fire Fighters in Pennsylvania.” Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 23, no. 3 (April 1970): 367-39. Lynch, Leon. “Black Labor History: An Overview: From a Paper Delivered to the 1979 Spring Conference of the Pennsylvania Labor History Society at Philadelphia.” Pennsylvania Labor History Notes 1, no. 5 (February 1979): 13-20.

54

Martin, Louis C. “Tin Plate Towns, 1890-1910: Local Labor Movements and Workers' Responses to the Crisis in the Steelworkers' Union.” Pennsylvania History 74, no. 4 (2007): 492-528. McCollester, Charles. The Point of Pittsburgh: Production and Struggle at the Forks of the Ohio. People’s Pittsburgh 250 ed. Pittsburgh: Battle of Homestead Foundation, 2008. Merrick, Sister Mary A. A Case in Practical Democracy: Settlement of the Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902. South Bend, IN: University of Notre Dame Library, 1942. Meyerhuber, Carl I., Jr. “Organizing Alcoa: The Aluminum Workers’ Union in Pennsylvania’s Allegheny Valley, 1900-1971.” Pennsylvania History 48, no. 3 (1981): 195-219. Meyerhuber, Carl I. Less Than Forever: The Rise and Decline of Union Solidarity in Western Pennsylvania, 1914-1948. Selinsgrove: Susquehanna University Press, 1987. Pessen, Edward. “The Ideology of Stephen Simpson, Upperclass Champion of the Early Philadelphia Workingmen’s Movement.” Pennsylvania History 22 (October 1955): 328-340. Phelan, Craig. Grand Master Workman: Terrence Powderly and the Knights of Labor. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2000. Pinkerton, Allan. The Molly Maguires and the Detectives. New York: G.W. Carleton, 1878. Pinkowski, Edward. John Siney, the Miners' Martyr. Philadelphia: Sunshine Press, 1963. Rice, Charles Owen. Fighter with a Heart: Writings of Charles Owen Rice, Pittsburgh Labor Priest. Edited by Charles J. McCollester. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1996. Ricketts, Elizabeth. “The Struggle for Civil Liberties and Unionization in the Coal Fields: The Free Speech Case of Vintondale, Pennsylvania, 1922.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 122, no. 4 (1998): 319-352. Roberts, Peter. The Anthracite Coal Industry: A Study of the Economic Conditions and Relations of the Co-operative Forces in the Development of the Anthracite Coal Industry of Pennsylvania. New York: Macmillan, 1901. Rose, James D. Duquesne and the Rise of Steel Unionism. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2001. Ryan, Francis. AFSCME's Philadelphia Story: Municipal Workers and Urban Power in the Twentieth Century. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2010. Ryan, Francis. Organizing the Keystone State: AFSCME and the Campaign for Commonwealth Workers in Pennsylvania.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 2014): 26-31.

55

Santos, Michael. “Between Hegemony and Autonomy: The Skilled Iron Workers’ Search for Identity, 1900-1930.” Labor History, 35, no. 3 (Summer 1994): 399-423. Schlegel, Marvin W. “The Workingmen’s Benevolent Association: First Union of Anthracite Miners.” Pennsylvania History 10, no. 4 (1943): 243-267. Serene, Frank H. “1919: Organization and Dashed Hopes: Paper Presented at the Third Annual Meeting of the Pennsylvania Labor History Society, Pittsburgh, Pa., November 12, 1976.” Pennsylvania Labor History Notes 1, no. 3 (December 1976): 11-16. Spencer, Thomas T. “Labor is With Roosevelt:” The Pennsylvania Labor Non-Partisan League and the Election of 1936.” Pennsylvania History 46, no. 1 (1979): 3-16. Sukle, R. S. Bucket of Blood: The Ragman's War. New York: IUniverse, 2004. Sullivan, William A. “A Decade of Labor Strife.” Pennsylvania History 17, no. 1 (1950): 23-38. Sylvis, James C. The Life, Speeches, Labors and Essays of William H. Sylvis, Late President of the Iron-moulders’ International Union; and also of the National Labor Union. Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen, and Haffelfinger, 1872. Todes, Charlotte. William H. Sylvis and the National Labor Union. New York: International Publishers, 1942. Trusilo, Sharon. “The Ironworkers' Case for Amalgamation, 1867-1876.” The Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 71, no. 1 (1988): 47-68. United States Commission on Industrial Relations (1912). Final Report and Testimony, Vol. III, “General Industrial Relations and Conditions in Philadelphia,” 2647-2730. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1916. United States Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Investigation of the Employment of Pinkerton Detectives in Connection with the Labor Troubles at Homestead, Pennsylvania. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1892. Wolensky, Kenneth C. “Unity House: A Workers' Shangri-La.” Pennsylvania Heritage 24, no. 3 (1998): 20-29. Wolensky, Robert P. “Organizing Ladies’ Garment Workers in Northeastern Pennsylvania: Min Matheson and the ILGWU.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 1914): 20-25. Young, James A. “Bitter Pill in Chocolate Town: The Hershey Sit-down Strike in 1937.” Pennsylvania Labor History Journal 27, December 2005.

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Young, James A. “The Cold War Comes to Erie: Repression and Resistance.” In Fear Itself: Enemies Real and Imagined in American Society, edited by Nancy Lusignan Schultz, 267-284. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 1999. Young, James A. “The First Fifty Years of UE 506,” in UE 506 50th Anniversary. Erie: UERMWA, 1987. Young, James A. “The Persecution of Radical UE Leaders at Erie’s GE Plant, 1946-1950,” Journal of Erie Studies, 16 (1980): [n.p.]. Young, James A. “Twenty-five Years of ‘Fightin’ 506’ in Erie,” Journal of Erie Studies 40 (2011): [n.p.].

Visual Arts Barrett, Ross. "Picturing a Crude Past: Primitivism, Public Art, and Corporate Oil Promotion in the United States." Journal of American Studies 46, no. 2 (2012): 395-422. Black, Brian. "Recasting the Unalterable Order of Nature: Photography and the First Oil Boom." Pennsylvania History 64, no. 2 (1997): 275-299. Goley, Mary Anne. "John White Alexander's Industrial Lunettes for the Pennsylvania State Capitol: The Unfinished Story." IA 34, no. 1/2 (2008): 41-57.

Women’s Labor Clark, Paul F., and Darlene A. Clark. "Union Strategies for Improving Patient Care: The Key to Nurse Unionism." Labor Studies Journal 31, no. 1 (2006): 51-70. Cooper, Eileen M. “That Magnificent Fight for Unionism: The Somerset County Strike of 1922.” Pennsylvania Heritage 17, no. 4 (1991): 12-17. Cross, Gary, and Peter Shergold. “‘We Think We Are of the Oppressed.’” Labor History 28, no. 1 (Winter 1987): 22-53. Fine, Lisa M. "Their Fathers' Daughters: Silk Mill Workers in Northeastern Pennsylvania, 1880-1960." Labor History 41, no. 3 (2000): 365-366. Freeman, Sabina S. “The Northwest's Vintners.” Pennsylvania Heritage 14, no. 2 (1988): 4-9. Greenwald, Maurine. “Women and Pennsylvania Working-Class History.” Pennsylvania History 63, no. 1 (1996): 5-16. Hall, Elizabeth A. “If Looms Could Speak.” Pennsylvania Heritage 32, no. 3 (2006): 26-29.

57

Howard, Walter T. “’Radicals Not Wanted’: Communists and the 1929 Wilkes-Barre Silk Mill Strikes.” Pennsylvania History 69, no. 3 (2002): 342-366. Jensen, Joan M. “Butter Making and Economic Development in Mid-Atlantic America from 1750 to 1850.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture & Society 13, no. 4 (Summer 1988): 813-829. Jepsen, Thomas C. “The Forgotten Revolution.” Pennsylvania Heritage 30, no. 3 (2004): 16-23. Koss, Adele Mildred. “Programming at Burroughs and Philco in the 1950s.” IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 25, no. 4 (October-December 2003): 40-50. Krupnik, Dorothy V. “Women Go to Work!” Pennsylvania Heritage 11, no. 1 (1985): 4-9. Leighhow, Susan R. “Joanna Furnace Workers: 1881-1925.” Pennsylvania Heritage 8, no. 4 (1982): 13-16. Orvell, Miles. “Documenting Everyday Life in Pennsylvania during the Great Depression and World War II.” Pennsylvania Heritage 29, no. 4 (2003): 30-37. Sidorick, Daniel. “The ‘Girl Army’: The Philadelphia Shirtwaist Strike of 1909-1910.” Pennsylvania History 71, no. 3 (2004): 323-369. Stepenoff, Bonnie. “Keeping It in the Family: Mother Jones and the Pennsylvania Silk Strike of 1900-1901.” Labor History 38, no. 4 (Fall 1997): 432-449. Weaver, Karol K. “‘She Knew All the Old Remedies’: Medical Caregiving and the Neighborhood Women of the Anthracite Coal Region of Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 71, no. 4 (2004): 421-444. Wolensky, Kenneth C., Robert P. and Nicole H. “Fighting for the Union Label: The Women’s Garment Industry and the ILGWU in Pennsylvania.” University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002. Wolensky, Robert P. “Organizing Ladies’ Garment Workers in Northeastern Pennsylvania: Min Matheson and the ILGWU.” Legacies 14, no. 1 (Spring 1914): 20-25. Wolensky, Robert P. and Kenneth C. Wolensky. “Min Matheson and the ILGWU in the Northern Anthracite Region, 1944-1963.” Pennsylvania History 60, no. 4 (1993): 455-474.

Other

Adams, Thomas J., and Steve Striffler. Working in the Big Easy: The History and Politics of Labor in New Orleans. Lafayette: Louisiana University at Lafayette Press, 2014.

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Websites Pennsylvania Historical Association www.pha.org Pennsylvania Labor History Society www.palaborhistory.org Pittsburgh & Western Pennsylvania Labor Legacy www.library.pitt.edu/labor_legacy/index.html Stories from PA History: Labor’s Struggle to Organize www.explorepahistory.com/story.php?storyld=1-9-22

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http://www.pha.org/

http://www.palaborhistory.org/

http://www.library.pitt.edu/labor_legacy/index.html

http://www.explorepahistory.com/story.php?storyld=1-9-22