SOCIAL AND ECONOMICCHANGE MONOGRAPHS

63

www.isec.ac.in

M BalasubramanianM ManjunathO K RemadeviK H VinayKumar Rittu Kakkar R K Singh

Climate Change and Its Impacts on Vulnerable Communities: A Case Study of Karnataka

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGEMONOGRAPH SERIES

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November 2019

ISBN 81-7791-161-9

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Published by:The RegistrarInstitute for Social and Economic ChangeDr VKRV Rao Road, Nagarabhavi P.O., Bangalore - 560 072 Phone: 23215468, 23215519, 23215592E-mail: admn@isec.ac.inWeb: http://www.isec.ac.in

46 Ecology, Climate Change and Coping Mechanisms for Health and Livelihoods in Semi-Arid Tropics of India: A Case of Peri-urban Area of Bengaluru city - K V Raju, S Manasi, Hemalatha B R, S Poornima and K P Rashmi

47 Improving the Delivery of Social Security Benefits in Karnataka: A Review of Application and Submission Procedures of Government Social Security Scheme - D Rajasekhar, K S Manjunath and R Manjula

48 The Population and Development Transition in South India: Evidence and Implications - C M Lakshmana

49 Engendering Local Governance: A Case from Rural Karnataka - N Sivanna, Manjula Bharathy and K G Gayathridevi

50 Adaptation to Climate Variability and Change for Improving Agricultural Productivity and Food Security - Urbans Benywanira and Parmod Kumar

51 Jobs, Commute and Public services in Bengaluru: A Pilot Study from Nagarabhavi - Kala Seetharam Sridhar, S Manasi and K C Smitha

52 Institutions, Governance and Development: A Study of Selected Grama Panchayats in Karnataka - D Rajasekhar, M Devendra Babu and R Manjula

53 Economics of Urban Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of Bangalore - M Balasubramanian

54 Slum Governance in Karnataka: Trends, Issues and Roadmap - S Madheswaran, B P Vani and Sanjiv Kumar

55 Regional Inequality of Urban Growth: A Study in Karnataka - C M Lakshmana

56 Documentation of Success Stories of Food Processing Units in Karnataka - I Maruthi

57 Health Insurance for the Poor and Elderly: Is RSBY the Answer? - Meenakshi Rajeev and B P Vani

58 Pathways to Improving Sanitation Governance - A Review of Best Practices - S Manasi, Nidhi Jamwal, N Latha and K C Smitha

59 The Caste-Embeddedness of Rural Public Health Services: A Study of Karnataka - Sobin George

60 Contemporary Issues in Indian Agriculture - Meenakshi Rajeev

61 The Political Economy of Rent Seeking and Fiasco of Bangalore-Mysore Infrastructure Corridor Project (BMICP) - Krishna Raj and Vinaya Angadi

62 Traders in Food Value Chain: Fisheries Sector in India - Meenakshi Rajeev and Supriya Bhandarkar

INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGEBangalore(ISEC is an ICSSR Research Institute, Government of India and the Grant-in-Aid Institute, Government of Karnataka)2019

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGE MONOGRAPH SERIES

Number 63 November 2019ISBN 81-7791-161-9

Series Editor: Publications In-charge:Sunil Nautiyal S Manasi

© 2019, Copyright ReservedThe Institute for Social and Economic ChangeBangalore

The Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC) is engaged in interdisciplinary research in analytical and applied areas of social sciences, encompassing diverse aspects of change and development. ISEC works with central, state and local governments as well as international agencies by undertaking systematic studies of resource potential, identifying factors influencing growth and examining measures for reducing poverty. The thrust areas of research include state and local economic policies, issues relating to sociological and demographic transition, environmental issues and fiscal, administrative and political decentralization and governance. It pursues fruitful contacts with other institutions and scholars devoted to social science research through collaborative research programmes, seminars, etc.

The Social and Economic Change Monograph Series provides an opportunity for ISEC faculty, visting fellows and PhD scholars to disseminate their ideas and research work. Monographs in the series present empirical analyses and generally deal with wider issues of public policy at a sectoral, regional or national level.

Publication of this Monograph has been made possible through the generous support of Sir Ratan Tata Deferred Endowment Fund.

25. History of Monetary Policy in India since Independence – Ashima Goyal

26. Inequality, Rents and the Long-run Transformation of India – Michael Walton

27. Public Expenditure and Strategies for Sustainable Management of Enviroment and Forest Ecosystems in Karnataka – Sunil Nautiyal, M S Umesh Babu and B P Nayak

28. Has Revival Package Improved Functioning of Short-term Cooperative Credit Societies? - A Case Study of Madhya Pradesh - Veerashekharappa, Meenakshi Rajeev and Manojit Battacharjee

29. Politics of Exclusion: The Case of Panchayats in South India - Anand Inbanathan and N Sivanna

30. Population Growth, Natural Resource Degradation and Environmental Pollution in India - C M Lakshmana

31. Urban Governance and Organisational Restructuring: The Case of Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) - N Sivanna

32. Managing India’s Forests: Village Communities, Panchayati Raj Institutions and the State - P J Dilip Kumar

33. Evaluation of Western Ghats Development Programmes (WGDP) and Policy Recommendations: A Case Study from Karnataka - Sunil Nautiyal, S Manasi and M S Umesh Babu

34. Government Subsidies in Karnataka - K Gayithri (Ed)

35. Green Business for Greening Karnataka: A Study of Coir Industry - Krishna Raj

36. Conservation through Culture in Urban Ecosystems: A Case Study from Bangalore, India - K V Raju, S Manasi, Sunil Nautiyal and K P Rashmi

37. Study on the Production and Profitability of Pulses and Beans in India - A Case Study of Karnataka - Sunil Nautiyal, S Manasi, M S Umesh Babu and K S Rao

38. Financial Inclusion to Livelihood: Entangled to Gain - Veerashekharappa and B P Vani

39. E-waste Management in Urban Cities: A Situation Analysis of Bangalore - S Manasi, N Latha and Bibhu Prasad Nayak

40. Financial Inclusion through SHGs: Understanding Quality and Sustainability of SHGs in Karnataka State - Meenakshi Rajeev, B P Vani and Veerashekharappa

41. Ethnobotany and Medicinal Plants Conservation through Scientific and Technological Interventions - A Case Study from BRTTR, Karnataka - Sunil Nautiyal, N P Varsha, Sravani Mannam and C Rajasekaran

42. Land Policy and Administration in Karnataka - Bhoomi- KAVERI-Mojini Integration - S Manasi, BR Hemalatha, N Sivanna, RG Nadadur and PG Chengappa

43. Land Policy and Administration in Karnataka -Urban Property Ownership Records - The Karnataka Experience - S Manasi, K C Smitha, N Sivanna, P G Chengappa and R G Nadadur

44. Defending the Green Realm: The Forest Conservation Act 1980 of India in Theory and Practice - P J Dilip Kumar

45. Imperatives of Trade Facilitation in the Context of India’s Select Special Economic Zones - Malini L Tantri

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGEMONOGRAPH SERIES

(Please see overleaf)

63SOCIAL AND ECONOMICCHANGE MONOGRAPHS

Climate Change and Its Impacts on Vulnerable Communities: A Case Study of Karnataka

M BalasubramanianM ManjunathO K RemadeviK H VinayKumar Rittu Kakkar R K Singh

Institute for Social and Economic ChangeBangalore(ISEC is an ICSSR Research Institute, Government of India and the Grant-in-Aid Institute, Government of Karnataka)

2019

Foreword

A large proportion of the scheduled caste and scheduled tribe population is socially and economically vulnerable on the one hand and to climate change and related uncertainties that pose challenges to their lives on the other. The degree of damage caused due to climate change is not uniform across various communities for instance, as vulnerability, and adaptation to climate change vary across groups. Socio-economic indicators such as income, family size, education, access to financial resources, farmland and social status of social groups are the vital determining factors of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change. Hence, there is an urgent need to assess the impacts of climate change on the vulnerable groups, considering the fact that rising temperatures and scanty rainfall adversely affect the livelihood options of the poor and vulnerable communities. Further, climate change has adverse impacts such as loss and damage to property, low wages, unemployment and migration. There are studies on climate change at the macro level and its impacts on agricultural sector, biodiversity and forests and fisheries. However, studies of climate change impacts on vulnerable groups are scarce at the local, national and international level. Further, vulnerable communities like Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are isolated with less power, low wealth, less privileges and high insecurity. The aim of this monograph is to assess the impacts of climate change on the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe villages in Karnataka. This study has found that out of the 305 sample households, 65 percent of the households were highly vulnerable and 30 percent of the households were less vulnerable and only 5 percent of the households were moderately vulnerable, in the study villages of Karnataka. About 65 percent of the households needed emergency help to recover from vulnerability to climate change. About 30 percent of the households were in a vulnerable situation but still able to cope with. This study has indicated that in Hyderabad-Karnataka region which is largely under rainfed condition the Yarjanthi village (Raichur district) and the canal irrigated village Boovanahalli (Mandya district) were highly vulnerable followed by ground water irrigated village Gowdathatagadde (Kolar) and heavy rainfall region village Shiriyara (Udupi) which were less vulnerable due to climate change. Overall, the respondents in the four study villages faced unpredictable weather events, water scarcity, and decline in agricultural productivity; farmers in all the study villages were highly dependent on climate sensitive agriculture, forests and fisheries. Rural livelihood projects and program inputs can improve the livelihoods of scheduled caste and scheduled tribes in highly drought prone areas.

November 2019 M G ChandrakanthBengaluru Director