3.8 GAW response to the growing need for data and information

Øystein HovChair JSC OPAG EPAC

Norwegian Meteorological InstituteCAS MG WMO Geneva 23-25 May 2013

Satelliteand in situnetworks

Core Services

Core

Services

Downstream

Services

Downstream

Services

Atmosphere/oceanoperationalusers

service outputs(others)

Core information

(atmosphere/ocean incl land and ocean interfaces)

User customizedinformation

(user products)

Real time input information (raw data)

NWP, NOP servicesStructure of Products, Services and Delivery system

R&D

The public

Free data policy. www.yr.no

Service delivery

Distribution of number of extreme events, fatalities, total and insured losses in respect to the different groups of natural perils.

DRR

GAW Information and Services

• Health of the planet• Anchor for satellite observations• We should care more for the 2M that die from

poor AQ every year (30k from extreme events)• Climate mitigation

– Trend analysis of CO2 and other gases and PM including their emissions/cycle components

• Sand and dust storm warning, pollution event warning including SR-information

Moisture, precipitationHeatMomentum

CO2 and other GHGsPM physical and chemical

characterisationHalocarbons and SF6

NOx

NH3

VOCCOSO2

HMPOP

Weather (incremental improvements in NWP)

Radiative forcing - climate response UNFCCC (§ co- benefits and tradeoffs; seasonal to decadal)Air quality – health National /regional regulations §Acid deposition – ecosystems §

Eutrophication – ecosystems , SR, Nr §

BDCVisibility-sand and dust storms, biomass burning, ash, pollen (GAW, WWRP) §Surface ozone – crop loss CLRTAP to global §UV – health and crops Vienna ConventionEmission tracking/trends/inversion §

Water availability and quality §Biodiversity BDC §Agriculture/food §

Fluxes between the Earth’s surface and the atmosphere

Protect life and property, safeguard the environment,contribute to sustainable development, promote long-term observation of met., hydrological, climatological data, incl related environmental data, promote capacity-building, meet international commitments

§ significant gains can be made through WMO contributions

NRT and archived data availability

MACC outline

http://www.gmes-atmosphere.eu/about/

http://www.gmes-atmosphere.eu/d/services/gac/nrt/nrt_fields!Ozone!Surface!108!Global!macc!od!enfo!nrt_fields!2013031500!!/

MACC2 surface ozone forecasts 19 March 2013 1200UTC (+108h)

Meteorologisk Institutt met.no

Contributions from European countries to Arctic pollution (2006) SLCF

met.no/EMEP CTM model calculations with ECMWF met.data

31%

12%

9%

9%6%

2%

18%

4%4%2% 3%

RU NO FI ATL SE GB PL FR NOS DE Rest

Secondary inorganic aerosols:

SO4, NO3, NH4

Primary PM2.5

8%

5%

9%5%4% 2% 2%

4%

19%38%

4%

GIPPS

Urbanization prospects in 2050 Half of world’s population

already lives in urban areas

Between 2011 and 2050 population to increase from 7 to over 9 billion

Urban population to increase from 3.6 to 6.2 billion, 66% of total population

Most urban population growth to occur in the less developed regions

The number of megacities (10 million) is currently 23 and is expected to reach 37 in 2025.

Adapted from United Nations 2012

Percentage of urban population

MEGACITIES

Meteorological data: Private good or public good? • Public good: Is not used up

even if many take part in using it. Not suited for the market

• Private good: Is used up (shoes!). A requirement for a functioning market.

• Positive externalities are lost when public goods are commercialised

• All data (observations and prognosis) owned by MET-Norway are available at zero data price

• Free license arrangement

.hov

www.yr.no, number of unique users per week 2008-2012

Resolution 40 (Cg-XII 1995) WMO policy and practice for the exchange of

meteorological and related data and products with guidelines on relationships in commercial meteorological activities

http://www.wmo.int/pages/about/Resolution40_en.html

• As a fundamental principle WMO commits itself to broadening and enhancing the free and unrestricted international exchange of meteorological and related data and products;– (1) Members shall provide on a free and unrestricted basis essential

data and products which are necessary for the provision of services in support of the protection of life and property and the well-being of all nations,

– (2) Members should also provide the additional data and products which are required to sustain WMO Programmes at the global, regional, and national levels and, further, as agreed, to assist other Members in the provision of meteorological services in their countries.

– (3) Members should provide to the research and education communities, for their non-commercial activities, free and unrestricted access to all data and products exchanged under the auspices of WMO

yr.no: 23 mill forecast downloads per day

• Develop GAW into a three-dimensional network through integration of all kind of observations from surface to space

Main Long-term Objectives

Rationale

Mission

Objectives

Implementation

Strategic Plan for GAW 2008-2015

• Start delivering data in near real time by using WMO GTS/WIS

• Merge all activities from the observation to the users application into coherent data processing chains related to a GAW quality management system

• Support assimilation of the essential climate variables in atmospheric transport and numerical weather prediction models

World Meteorological OrganizationFebruary 24, 2005

GAW World Data Centres

GCOS Data Centres

Global Run-off Data Centre

Global Precip. Climatology Centre

IRI, Hadley Centre, and other climate research centres; Universities;Regional Climate Centres(CIIFEN, etc.)

International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )

Commercial Service

Providers

World Radiation Centre

Regional Instrument Centres

WMO World Data Centres

International Projects (e.g. GMES HALO)

Real-time “push”On-demand “pull”

internet

DCPC

NC/DCPC

NCNC

NC/DCPC

NC

NC

NC

NC

NC

NC

GISC

GISCGISC

SatelliteTwo-Way Systems

Satellite Dissemination(IGDDS, RETIM,

etc)

NC

NC

DCPC

GISC GISC

DCPC

WIS Vision

27-29 April 2011, OPAG-EPAC JSC, Geneva

WDCGG and Other GAW Data CentersData Collection or Production Centres (DCPCs)

Global Information System Centres (GISCs)

Discovery Access and Retrieval Services in WIS

ISO compliant Meta Data format and contents

27-29 April 2011, OPAG-EPAC JSC, Geneva

Two parallel parts:Part A: Further improvements of the GTS for time-critical and operation-critical data for all WMO Programmes

Part B: Extension of services through flexible data discovery, access and retrieval services (DAR) through the Internet – a component of WIGOS for new data sets. Metadata driven.

WIS Implementation Plan

27-29 April 2011, OPAG-EPAC JSC, Geneva

Internet

Functions of the WDCGG and the Data Flow

18

Provision of data

Data submitters Data users

Archived data

WDCGG

Search, visualization

Products/Services

Data validation and reformatting

Metadata

Confirmation

Acceptance of data

Global analysis

WDCGG Data Submission and Dissemination Guide (GAW Report No. 188)

Points in a GAW strategy 2016-2019

• USER DRIVEN PRODUCTS: AQ, deposition, UV, dust incl volcanic ash, climate, NWP incl seasonal weather forecasts, marine input

• TOWARDS “ONE CHAIN”: Research driven and operational observations, model development and application, and services

• CORE GAW ACTIVITY: Doing Good Observations, not only collecting others’

• POLICY FACILITATION: DRR, GIPPS, AQ, CLRTAP, GFCS, IPCC, new global/regional alliances, and FEWER PARALLEL PROCESSES in policies’ underpinning

• DATA STEWARDSHIP. WIS (WIGOS). User-data provider interaction. Interoperability. Free data policy.

• FOSTER COUNTRY CONTRIBUTIONS to research, infrastructure, education, institutional building

• Management structure; community of practise

Thank you for the attention

GAW links to other WMO initiativesFor GFCS – GAW contributes through observations and services related to drivers of climate change (e.g. GHG Bulletin) and applications in various priority areas (e.g. health, agriculture and food security), through the Research and Observations and Monitoring Pillars.

For WIGOS and WIS – purpose is to enhance the interoperability and availability of high-quality observational data as the foundation for new and improved services. GAW is actively involved in the implementation of both WIS and WIGOS providing insights into best practices related to atmospheric composition observations and data and also to derive benefits from more sustainable and better integrated observational networks;

For WWRP Polar Prediction Project – a multi year research initiative to address the growing requirements for improved weather services on time scales from hours to seasonal in the rapidly changing polar regions. The inclusion of atmospheric composition in the modelling and prediction systems is viewed as a necessity. Improved understanding of processes in polar regions are also expected to have advantages to predictive skills in mid-latitudes.

•Some words from the last year document

Considering the observed and projected changes in polar regions, their importance to the global weather and climate system and the emerging needs for new weather and climate services in polar regions, it should be noted that:

GAW is a fundamental programme for building a better understanding of the various feedbacks that occur in polar regions and improving modelling of the weather and climate system;GAW observation activities are coming under increasing threat (especially in polar regions) due to financial pressure exactly at a time when their value is increasing;Models being develop for new environmental services in polar regions require comprehensive atmospheric chemistry and aerosol information at higher special resolution