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Section 3.1• Describe Internet hardware and software• Explain Internet protocols• Compare intranets, extranets, and the Internet
Section 3.2• Identify URL components• Compare Web browsers• Use search engines
Online Basics
YOU WILL LEARN TO…
3 Online Basics
Section 3.3• Describe Web development applications and
hardware
• Describe connectivity components
• Insert external hyperlinks
Section 3.4• Explain how to download files responsibly
• Summarize copyright and fair use laws
• Cite digital sources
• Evaluate online information
YOU WILL LEARN TO…
Section
3.1 The InternetFocus on Reading
Main Ideas
Protocols allow computers to communicate. People often use the Internet to communicate with other users. Intranets and extranets are networks that are protected from unauthorized access.
Key Terms
Internet service provider (ISP)protocolTransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)intranetextranet
pp. 66-70
Section
In 1969, the U.S. government developed a network of computers called ARPANET, which became the Internet.
The first graphical-user interface (GUI) browser was created in 1990. It allowed users to view graphic, audio, and video files located on the Internet.
Origins of the Internet
3.1 The Internetpp. 66-70
Section
3.1 The InternetHow the Internet Works
Internet hardware and software allow you to access files from other computers and servers
You must be connected to a communication line, such as a telephone line or cable connection, to access an Internet Internet service providerservice provider.
Internet service provider (ISP) A business that provides a network to customers that they use to access the Internet. (p. 67)
pp. 66-70
Section
3.1 The InternetHow the Internet Works
There are several Internet protocolsprotocols:
• Transmission Control Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol/Internet Protocol Protocol (TCP/IP)(TCP/IP)
• Hypertext Transfer Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)Protocol (HTTP)
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• Telnet
• Gopher
• WAIS
protocol A set of rules and procedures that specify how data are formatted and transmitted between computer systems. (p. 68)
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Basic Internet protocol that contains the specific information that allows computers to identify each other and exchange data. (p. 68)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Used to transfer files from a Web server to a Web browser. (p. 68)
pp. 66-70
Section
Types of Internet Communication
• Listserv
• FTP Site
• Newsgroups or Forums
• Chat Rooms
• Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
• Instant Messaging (IM)
• Online Gaming
Internet Resources
3.1 The Internetpp. 66-70
Section
3.1 The InternetIntranets and Extranets
There is no technical difference between the Internet, intranetsintranets, and extranetsxtranets.
The differences lie in the ways these networks are used, who owns them, and who is allowed to access them.
intranet A LAN or WAN that is designed to make it easy to share information within an organization, such as a business or a school. (p. 70)
extranet A type of network that can be accessed by outside or remote users who are authorized to use the network. (p. 70)
pp. 66-70
Section
3.1 The Internetpp. 66-70pp. 66-70
True/False You must be connected to a communication line, such as a telephone line or cable connection, to access an Internet Service Provider.
True. In order to access an ISP, you must be connected to a communication line, such as a telephone line or cable connection.
Section Assessment
Section
3.2 The WebFocus on Reading
Main Ideas
A URL is an address that identifies a specific Web page. Web browsers have varying capabilities. Search engines help locate sites containing specific information. Users should carefully evaluate all information found online.
Key Terms
uniform resource locator (URL)
domain name
domain name extension
accessibility option
search engine
keyword
Boolean search
pp. 71-77
Section
3.2 The WebUniform Resource Locators (URLs)
HTTP requires that Web page URLs URLs be in a standard format that browsers know how to interpret. Most URLs consist of four main parts
uniform resource locator (URL) A unique address that enables a browser to locate specific page files on the Web. (p. 71)
pp. 71-77
http://www.mcgraw-hill.com/about/history.html
Protocol
Address
Directory Path
Retrieved File
Section
3.2 The WebUniform Resource Locators
The address of the Web page includes the domain domain namename. The domain name includes a domain name domain name extensionextension.
domain name Part of a URL that identifies the entity (such as a university, individual, or business) that sponsors the Web site.
(p. 72)
domain name extension Part of the URL that tells users what type of organization uses the address. (p. 72)
pp. 71-77
http://www.mcgraw-hill.com/about/history.html
Domain name extension
Section
3.2 The WebUsing a Web Browser
Web browsers are used to request, retrieve, and view Web pages. Different Web browsers interpret and display HTML differently.
Many browsers include accessibility optionsaccessibility options for differently abled individuals. For example, most browsers let users increase the size of text on the screen.
accessibility option A feature that allows differently abled individuals to access and use Web pages. (p. 73)
pp. 71-77
Section
3.2 The WebLocating Information Online
Search tools like search search enginesengines and Web directories can help you locate what you are looking for on the Internet.
A Web directory is a search tool that catalogs Web sites (not pages) by topic or category.
search engine An application that locates information about Web pages and then stores this information in searchable databases that you can access from your browser. (p. 75)
pp. 71-77
Section
3.2 The WebLocating Information Online
To use a search engine, you make a search query. KeywordKeyword and Boolean Boolean searchessearches are two types of queries.
keyword An important word related to the specific topic you are trying to locate. (p. 76)
Boolean search A type of search that combines keywords in specific ways to locate specific pages. (p. 76)
pp. 71-77
Section
• Activity 3A – Preview a Web Page (p. 74)
• Activity 3B – Perform a Boolean Search (p. 76)
3.2 The Webpp. 71-77
Section
3.2 The Web
Summarize What is a URL?
A. An address that identifies a
specific Web page.
B. A type of browser
C. A type of protocol
D. A type of network that can be
accessed by remote users.
A. An address that identifies a specific Web page.
pp. 71-77
Section Assessment
Section
3.3 Web Site Development ToolsFocus on Reading
Main Ideas
The hardware and software needed to develop a Web site depends on the site’s size and complexity. You must have access to a Web server to publish a site. External links let users move between sites.
Key Terms
text editor
Web site development application
WYSIWYG
Web hosting service
external hyperlink
pp. 78-82
Section
3.3 Web Site Development ToolsSoftware Needs
The software tools used to create Web sites can be divided into two categories:
• Text editorsText editors
• Web site development Web site development applications applications
Dreamweaver is a Web site development application that uses a WYSIWYGWYSIWYG interface.
text editor An application used to enter and edit the HTML code in a Web page. (p. 78)
Web site development application Sophisticated application package that some Web developers use to create Web sites. (p. 78)
WYSIWYG Applications that allow you to create Web pages so that what you see on the screen is very similar to the appearance of the final page; stands for “what you see is what you get.” (p. 78)
pp. 78-82
Section
The Web designer’s toolbox should include applications for creating and modifying graphics, video, and audio.
Web Page Component Applications
3.3 Web Site Development Toolspp. 78-82
Section
Most Web developers use these input and output devices:
• High-resolution monitors• Color printers• Scanners• Digital cameras• Camcorders• Microphones• Speakers
Hardware and Connectivity Needs
3.3 Web Site Development Toolspp. 78-82
Section
3.3 Web Site Development ToolsHardware and Connectivity Needs
When you publish a Web site, you must copy the site’s files from your local hard drive or network to a Web server.
Many people use a Web Web hosting servicehosting service to gain access to a Web server.
Web hosting service Service that sells Web server space, usually for a monthly fee. (p. 80)
pp. 78-82
Section
3.3 Web Site Development ToolsLinking to Online Resources
Hyperlinks make it easy to access the Web’s varied resources.
External hyperlinksExternal hyperlinks are used to connect a Web page to a page on a different Web site.
external hyperlink A hyperlink that takes a user to a page on a different Web site. (p. 81)
pp. 78-82
Section
• Activity 3C – Insert External Hyperlinks (p. 81)
3.3 Web Site Development Toolspp. 78-82
Section
3.3 Web Site Development Tools
True/False A Web site development application is an application used to enter and edit HTML code in a Web page.
False. A text editor is an application used to enter and edit the HTML code in a Web page.
pp. 78-82
Section Assessment
Section
3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal IssuesFocus on Reading
Main Ideas
Ethical, social, and legal guidelines govern the use of online resources. Users must respect copyright law and trademark rules when using digital resources and cite their sources whenever possible.
Key Terms
Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)
Internet Use Agreement
Netiquette
commercial software
shareware
freeware
copyright
trademark
pp. 84-88
Section
The Internet offers many benefits to society, but it has also created many new legal and ethical issues.
The Internet and Society
3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issuespp. 84-88
Section
3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal IssuesThe Internet and Society
There are formal and informal rules that online users must follow:
• Acceptable Use Policy Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)(AUP)• Internet Use AgreementInternet Use Agreement• NetiquetteNetiquette• Privacy protection
Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) Used by organizations such as schools and businesses to regulate online use; also called Internet Use Agreement. (p. 84)
Netiquette General guidelines that have developed over the years to guide Internet interactions. (p. 85)
pp. 84-88
Section
3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal IssuesProtected Information and the Web
Laws govern what you can legally download from Web sites and how you can use these files.
Most software can be categorized as commercial softwarecommercial software, sharewareshareware, or freewarefreeware.
commercial software Software that is developed and distributed with the intention of making a profit. (p. 85)
shareware Copyrighted software that an author allows to be freely distributed. (p. 85)
freeware Software that can be freely copied and used for any legal purpose.
(p. 85)
pp. 84-88
Section
3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal IssuesProtected Information and the Web
Copyrights exist to protect creators of original work. A copyrightcopyright may be attached to creative works on the Web.
A copyright notice typically includes the copyright symbol © followed by the year and the copyright holder’s name.
copyright A law that asserts that only the copyright’s owner has the right to sell his or her work or to allow someone else to sell it. (p. 86)
pp. 84-88
Section
3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal IssuesProtected Information and the Web
A trademark is another important type of intellectual property.
A registered trademark is represented by one of these trademark symbols:
•®•™
trademark A name, symbol, or other feature that identifies a product with a specific owner. (p. 86)
pp. 84-88
Section
When you use information from a Web site, you must cite this information.• Author’s name (last name first)
• Title of the article or Web page (in quotes)
• Complete title of the Web site (underlined)
• Date of Internet publication or copyright date
• Name of the organization
• Date you visited the site
• Site’s URL (in angle brackets)
Montoya, Chris. “Citing Sources.” Fairlawn Library Information. May 10, 2007. Fairlawn University. July 8, 2007 <www.flu.edu/library>.
Protected Information and the Web
3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issuespp. 84-88
Section
• Activity 3D – Add a Copyright Notice (p. 86)
3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issuespp. 84-88
Section
3.4 Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Identify A(n) ________ is a name, symbol, or other feature that identifies a product with a specific owner.
A. copyright
B. trademark
C. citation
D. Internet Use Agreement
B. trademark
pp. 84-88
Section Assessment
3
Chapter Review
Name In the URL http://www.firstgov.gov/ the part of the address “.gov” is referred to as the ______________.
A. domain name extension
B. address
C. directory path
D. domain name
A. domain name extension
Online Basics
3
Chapter Review
Evaluate What advantages does a WYSIWYG Web development application have over a text editor?
In a WYSIWYG application, you can see what the page will look like as you work on it. With a text editor, you have to key in all of the HTML coding before you can check how it will look.
Online Basics
3 Online Basics
Chapter Resources
For more resources on this chapter, go to the Introduction to Web Design Using Dreamweaver Web site at WebDesignDW.glencoe.com.
