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8/9/2019 200906 Why_ PM_ and_a_BA
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Why Does a Project Need a ProjectManager and a Business Analyst?
Similarities, Differences, and How They Work Together
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Presentation Agenda
Why Does a Project Need a PM and a BA? Role of the Project Manager
Role of the Business Analyst
Skills Comparison Similarities
Differences
Working Together
When One Person is Both
How to Achieve Specialized PM and BA Roles
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Why Does a Project Need a PM
and a BA?
The role of the Project Manager (PM) andBusiness Analyst (BA) is critical to a project.Each role provides specialized capabilities
that can make the difference between aproject that succeeds and one that struggles.
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Why Does a Project Need a PM
and a BA?
The PM and BA each play distinct, criticalroles on a project
Both have a common ultimate goal, but
focus on different aspects to achieve it It is difficult to wear both hats effectively on
the same project
The roles often intersect but also diverge
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Role of the Project Manager
Usually the 1st person assigned to the project
Responsible for planning the project and ensuring theteam follows the plan
Manages changes, handles problems, keeps theproject moving
Manages people, money, risk
Chief communicator of good or bad news to theBusiness Sponsors and IT Management
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Role of the Business Analyst
Usually assigned to the project after it has started
Responsible for bridging the gap between theBusiness and IT
Learn the business inside and out
Essentially the architect of effective business systems Job title, definition and responsibilities viewedinconsistently across the industry
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Skills Comparison - Similarities
Project Manager
Strong communicationskills
Understanding of theSDLC
Negotiation/consensus building
Strong interpersonal and
client management skills
Business Analyst
Strong communicationskills
Understanding of theSDLC
Negotiation/consensus building
Strong interpersonal and
client management skills
P M B A
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Skills Comparison - Differences
Project Manager
Must see the bigpicture for the project
Directs project team
Helps people (projectteam) get things done
Ensures the product isdelivered on time,
within budget
Business Analyst
Detail-oriented
Listens to people (SMEs)
Helps SMEs describe howand why they perform tasks
Ensures the product is builtright according to the
requirements
P M
B A
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Skills Comparison - Differences
Project Manager
Removes issuebarriers
Manages projectchange control
Manages the WorkBreakdown Structure(WBS)
Management skills
Business Analyst
Identifies businessissues
Manages requirementschange requests
Performs requirementsrelated tasks in theWBS
Investigative skills
P M
B A
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How do a PM and a BA Work
Together?
Fundamentally, the PM manages projectresources(people, money) and the BAmanages the business stakeholders
The BA reports to the PM on a project These two roles have significant overlap of
responsibilities in certain areas
Excellent PMs and BAs will work hand-in-handto make the most of each others strengths
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How do a PM and a BA Work
Together?
Areas of overlapping responsibilities Project scope definition
Project statement of purpose
Project objectives
Project business risks
Client relationship
Communication with SMEs and technical team
Review of requirements, designs and plans
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How do a PM and a BA Work
Together?
Areas of clear delineation of responsibilities Business Analyst
Gathering, documenting and reviewing businessrequirements from SMEs
Translating business requirements into functional system
specifications to be developed by the technical team Testing the solution, training SMEs on the new system anddocumenting new procedures
Project Manager Plan and organize projects determining scope,
deliverables, milestones, schedule, resources Manage project scope, risk, issue, communication, quality
and cost Interact, collaborate, and negotiate with all project
stakeholders and business partners/clients
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InitiationRequirements
Design &
ImplementationPlanning
Construction QA Implementation Closure
The Execution of a Project
BA
PM
SDLC
How do a PM and a BA Work
Together?
Scope Budget Team
PIR Planning Execution & Control
DocumentRequirements
SystemCheckout
Scope Design Testing &
TrainingStrategies
Test CaseCreation
Test UAT Train
PIR
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Examples of Cooperation
(Dynamic Duos)
Strong PM, Weak BA Result = Requirements are rushed, some
may be missed, rework needed late in theprocess, schedule and budget suffers
Weak PM, Strong BA
Result = Too much time developingrequirements, project falls behindschedule, scope creep often occurs
Weak PM, Weak BA Result = Project failure!
Strong PM, Strong BA Result = Success, great balance between
thorough requirements-gathering and movingforward
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What if One Person has to do
Both Jobs?
Common on small projects
Common when the organization is short-staffed
Common where there is a lack of understanding of theBA role
Common where the expectation is that businessanalysis is just another task a PM performs
Why this happens
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What if One Person has to do
Both Jobs?
Difficult to manage both roles concurrently Skills/traits needed to execute PM and BA tasks are
different
Requirements may be missed Schedule may be affected
Further complicated when layered with other unrelatedproject responsibilities
Negative domino effect on project budget and quality ofproduct
Impact
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What if One Person has to do
Both Jobs?
Heighten awareness regarding conflicting roles
Make Management and Team aware of conflictingresponsibilities and challenges associated with them
Seek help in managing the schedule
Seek help to gather and document the requirements
Try to minimize involvement on other concurrentprojects
Helpful Tips
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How to Achieve Specialized PM
and BA Roles
Promote career progression and skill development Project management and business analysis training
Soft skills education
BA certification program (IIBA)
PM certification program (PMI) Conference attendance
Project Summit / Business Analyst World collaborative USconference for PMs and BAs gaining traction in recent years
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How to Achieve Specialized PM
and BA Roles
Promote career progression and skill development If you are a manager, help your company recognize
the importance of these roles Give these roles the appropriate job titles and descriptions
Provide distinct career paths
Distinguish levels and evaluation criteria to reach the next level Ensure that the individual has the right skill set for the level ofresponsibility
Provide training and cross-training
Train management on the importance of distinct roles andresponsibilities
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IIBA Gaining Recognition in the
Business Analysis Arena
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The BABOK
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Summary
All projects need business analysis andproject management
PM and BA roles intersect and supporteach other
Skills are similar and different
Cooperation results in project success
Some people wear two hats
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Questions and Answers