2009 Water Sector Status Report

8/9/2019 2009 Water Sector Status Report

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UnitedRepublicofTanzania

MINISTRYOFWATERANDIRRIGATION

WATERSECTORSTATUSREPORT2009

DaresSalaam,September2009


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WaterSectorStatusReport2009 i

September2009

WATERSECTORSTATUSREPORT2009

DaresSalaam,September2009

CoverPhoto:InaugurationCeremonyofKahama-ShinyangaWaterSupplyProjectatKahamaTownbyHon.PresidentoftheUnitedRepublicofTanzaniaonMay2nd

,2009.


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WaterSectorStatusReport2009 ii

September2009

StatementbytheMinister

TanzaniasDevelopmentVision2025aimsto eliminateabjectpovertyand attainahigh

qualityoflifeforallTanzaniansby2025.Specificallyforthewatersector,theVision2025includesa targetof universalaccess to safewaterin urban areasand90%coveragein

rural areas.Toachieve these targets, therulingparty isempowering local government,capacitatingcommunities,enablingtheprivatesectorandusingabroad-basedapproach

tomobilizefinancialresources,knowledge,skillsandexperienceaswellascommitments.

TheGovernmentscommitmenttothewatersector,andthepriorityit isgiven,isclearly

outlinedinthe2005-2010CCMManifesto.TheWaterSectorDevelopmentProgrammehasbeeninitiatedtostrengtheninstitutionsforintegratedwaterresourcesmanagementand

toimproveaccesstoandthedeliveryofsustainablewatersupplyandsanitationservices.

In line with the Governments decentralisation policy, the responsibility for service

deliveryinthewatersectorhasbeendevolvedtoBasinWaterOffices,UrbanWaterSupplyand Sewerage Authorities and Local Government Authorities. Devolved implementingofficesandauthoritiesarefarbetterplaced,byvirtueofgeographicalproximitytotheir

clients,tobetterunderstandtheirneedsaswellasthelocalconditions.Toincreasesectorefficiency,theroleofthecentralgovernmentistomakepolicy,facilitateandregulate.

Thelong-termsustainabilityofwaterresourcesandwaterandsanitationservicesrequire

comprehensive legal, regulatoryand institutional frameworks that enhance thegeneral

publicandotherstakeholdersabilitytocontributeeffectivelytowardstheachievementofthesectordevelopmentgoals.TheWaterResourcesManagementActNo.11(2009)and

theWaterSupplyandSanitationActNo.12(2009),enactedbytheNationalAssemblyon

April28th, 2009and assented by the President onMay 12th, 2009, came into effect on

August1st.Thenewlegislationsupportsthemeaningfulachievementoftheshort,medium

andlong-termdevelopmentgoalsofthesectorinlinewiththeNationalWaterPolicyandtheNationalWaterSectorDevelopmentStrategy

Theimportanceofwaterandsanitationshouldnotbeunderstated.Cleanwater,inclose

proximitytothehomefreesuptimeformoreproductivepursuitsthathasimplicationsfor

thebroadereconomic,aswellassocial,development.Thedailyneedtocollectwaterfromlongdistances,particularlybygirls,deniesyouthaccesstoeducation,therebyconstraining

the long-term development of the Nation. On the other hand, reducing morbidity by

improvingwaterandsanitationservicesandhygienepracticehasanimmediateeffectonindividual productivity. Indeed, water touches on almost every area of national

developmentanditisthereforerightlyatthefrontofthefightonpoverty.

It is my hope that everybody can contribute effectively and efficiently in this area of

nationaldevelopmentwithin the framework thathas nowbeenput inplace. I stronglybelievethattogetherwecanrealisethefullpotentialofourcountryswaterresourcesand

itspeopleinfightingpoverty.

WaterisLifeandSanitationisHumanity

Hon.ProfMarkJ.Mwandosya(MP)

MinisterforWaterandIrrigation


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WaterSectorStatusReport2009 iv

September2009

ExecutiveSummary

Thisreportprovidesastatusofthewaterresourcesandwatersupplyandsanitationsub-

sectors,resultingfromacomprehensiveassessmentofimplementationoverthelastfiscal

year.Thereportfocusesontheneedtoscaleuptheimplementationoftheprogram,andituses information from progress reports and studies to arrive at conclusions and

recommendations.

The first part of this report describes the water and sanitation sector development

framework,summarisesthesituationwithregardtotheJointSectorReviewUndertakingsandreviewsoutcomesfromtheinvestmentsmadeundertheWaterSectorDevelopment

Program.ThenewlegalframeworkthatcameintoeffectonAugust1st,2009isanalysedin

detailandabibliographywith(ontheCDversion)linkstotherelevantdocumentsisalso

includedthesamedocumentscanalsobedownloadedfromtheMinistryswebsite.

Monitoringandlearningis centraltoensuring highefficiencyandeffectivenessand the

Ministryisintheprocessofstrengtheningthisareasothatanalysiscanbeusedtoinform

the implementing entities onnew (or improved)methods and approaches. The WaterSectorDevelopmentProgramisoneofthelargestwatersectorprogramsinAfricanot

justintermsofitsonebilliondollarbudget(overthe5yearsperiodfrom2007to2012)

butalsointhenumberofimplementingentities.Collectingandcompilingdataaswellas

trackingprogressfromsuchalargenumberofdecentralisedentitiesiscomplexandforthisreasontheMinistryofWaterandIrrigationisputtinginplaceamodernManagement

InformationSystem(MIS)thatwillbeusedtogeneraterollingworkplansandcashflow

demandsonthebasisofcontractuallyboundimplementationandpaymentschedules.The

MISwillupdatereportsquarterlyforperiodscoveringthefollowingthreeyears.Thesame

system will automatically generate intermediate financial reports and will be used toidentifygood(andpoor)performanceasmeasuredagainstagreedverifiableindicators.

The status of the sub-sector components (Water ResourcesManagement;RuralWater

Supply and Sanitation and UrbanWater Supply and Sewerage) demonstrates that the

strengths and weakness of each is remarkably different. Progress inWater ResourcesManagement component has fallen shortof the plannedoutcomesdue to the fact that

integratedwater resourcesmanagement isboth complexanda newapproachtomany

stakeholdersinTanzania.Theprivatesectorwereunabletorespondtotherequestsforproposalsandalthoughtheseinitialdifficultieshavebeenlargelyovercome,theMinistry

is finalizing a twinning agreement thatwill support all sub-sector actorswith relevantexperienceintheareaofintegratedwaterresourcesmanagement.

Progress in the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation component has been delayed byproblems in the procurement process outside the control of the Ministry, however

contractsforthepreparationoftechnicaldesignsforwaterschemesin1,320villagesthat

willbenefitupto4millionpeopleoverthenextthreeyearsarenowbeingimplemented.

TheUrbanWaterSupplyandSeweragecomponenthasinitiatedvariousworks,howeverit

facesthechallengeofprocuringmanycontractsforregional,districtandsmalltownurbanwaterutilitiesandnationalprojectswithinashorttimeframe.


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WaterSectorStatusReport2009 v

September2009

The Institutional DevelopmentandCapacityBuildingcomponent has, todate, providedimportant logistic support to theMinistry,Local GovernmentAuthorities,UrbanWater

SupplyandSewerageAuthoritiesandBasinWaterOfficesintermsofofficerehabilitation

and construction, IT equipment and motor vehicles as well as funding for essentialservices and programmanagement support. With this infrastructure now in place the

component will move onto strengthening human resources capacity that will addressidentifiedhumanresourcescapacityconstraintsinthewatersectorinordertogohandin

handwiththepacedemandedbythecommittedfinancialresources.

Onceconstructionoftheplanned1,320villagewaterschemesbeginsinthefirsthalfof

2010thescaleofworkswillbeunprecedentedandtheMinistryhaveidentifiedseveraloperationalimplementationissues,suchashugefinancialrequirementsandsustainability

ofschemesthatwillneedtobeaddressediftheplannedactivitiesaretobeimplemented

smoothly.Appropriateresponsestotheseissuesarebeingfinalisedandshouldbereadyforrolloutanddisseminationtoallimplementingentitiesearlyin2010.TheUrbanWater

Supply andSewerage Authorities,also faces a numberofmanagement andoperationalissues,suchasaffordabilityandsustainabilityofwatersupplyandsewerageservices.

DevelopmentPartnersmakeasubstantialcontributiontothesectorintermsoffinancial

contributions aswell as in technical assistance and participation in thematicworkinggroupsandotherforathatpromotedevelopmentofthesector.Whilesignificantfundsare

nowchannelledthroughthewaterbasketorthroughmajorearmarkedprojects,thereare

neverthelessasignificantnumberofactorswhosupportthesectorindependently.MoWI

willcontinuetoensurethattheseactorsarefullyengagedintheharmonizationprocessin

orderthattheysupportandbenefitfromthelearningsystemsbeingputinplace.

InadditiontotheoperationalissuesfacingthefourWSDPcomponents,thesectorisalso

facing a number of challengesat the strategic level. After two yearsof implementationmanylessonshavebeenlearntand theseneed tobeincorporatedinto theremaining3yearsofthefirstphaseofWSDP.Intermsofplanning,itappearsthat,amovefromproject

basedplanningtooutcomeandresultsbasedplanningwouldprovideanincreasedfocus

onperformance.FinancingofthesectorbytheGovernmentandDevelopmentPartnersare

unlikelytomeetallfuturerequirementsofthesector.Therefore,thereisneedtoquickly

identifysomeinnovativesolutions.

Asperacceptedpractice,theMinistryofWaterandIrrigationroutinelycalculateswaterandsanitationcoverageratesbyequatinginfrastructureinvestmentrecordstoapotential

numberofbeneficiaries.Althoughthismethodologycapturesdataand informationfrom

the whole country, the household budget survey carried out in 2007 by the National

BureauofStatisticsindicateslowercoverageresultscomparedtotheroutinedata(40.8%inruralareascomparedto57.1%forroutinedata).Thesurveycalculatesservicelevels

fromsampledareasusingdataandinformationcollectedfromhouseholds.Comparingthe

twomethodsishowevernotveryusefulsincetheyessentiallymeasuredifferentthings.

Themainpointhereisthatpeopleshouldbelinkedtoimprovedwatersources.Theon-goingwaterpointmappingexercise isveryimportant,becauseitwillaccuratelyrecord

whoisaccessingwater(withindefinedlevelsofservice)andfromwhichsource.


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WaterSectorStatusReport2009 vi

September2009

TableofContents

StatementbytheMinister................................................................................................................ ii

StatementbythePermanentSecretary ..................................................................................... iii

ExecutiveSummary........................................................................................................................... iv

Acronyms.............................................................................................................................................vii

1 OverviewoftheDevelopmentFramework......................................................................... 1

1.1 AboutThisReport 1

1.2 EnablingandFacilitatingDevelopment 21.3 LegalFramework 31.4 Stakeholders 41.5 TheWaterSectorDevelopmentProgram 61.6 MonitoringandLearning 7

2 JointWaterSectorReviewUndertakings2008................................................................. 9

3 Performance................................................................................................................................11

3.1 WaterResourcesManagementandDevelopment 11

3.2 RuralWaterSupplyandSanitation 133.3 UrbanWaterSupplyandSewerage 153.4 InstitutionalDevelopmentandCapacityBuilding 183.5 PerformanceIndicators 19

4 Inputs.............................................................................................................................................22

4.1 MinistryofWaterandIrrigation 224.2 BasinWaterOffices 224.3 LocalGovernmentAuthorities 224.4 UrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthorities 224.5 ThePrivateSector 23

4.6 DevelopmentPartners 23

5 Organisation................................................................................................................................25

5.1 WaterSectorCoordination 255.2 PromotingImprovedHygienePracticeandHouseholdSanitation 255.3 ProcurementofGoods,ServicesandWorks 255.4 SafeguardsManagement 26

6 PlanningandReporting .......................................................................................................... 27

6.1 ManagementInformationSystem 276.2 FormatsforProgramPlanning 286.3 FormatsforProgressReporting 28


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WaterSectorStatusReport2009 1

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1 OverviewoftheDevelopmentFramework1.1 AboutThisReportPurposeThis report provides a status of the water resources and water supply and sanitation sub-

sectors,resultingfromacomprehensiveassessmentofimplementationoverthelastfiscalyear.

Inadditiontoprovidinganassessmentofthewaterandsanitationsector,thereportoutlines

strategic options and alternative approaches that can support informed choices for guiding

planningandbudgeting.Italsoreviewsthecurrentsituationinordertosupportandfacilitatethe joint engagement of stakeholders in constructive dialogueprocesses towardsa common

agendaforthecontinueddevelopmentofthewaterandsanitationsector.Thefocusofthereport

is onthe need to scaleup the implementationof the program,and ituses information from

progressreportsandstudiestoarriveatitsconclusionsandrecommendations.

MethodologyExtensive consultations at all levels and the active participation of stakeholders in thematic

workinggroupmeetingsprovidethecontextforthepresentreportandthebasisfortheanalysis

presented herein.The insightsandopinionsof those consulted havebeen drawn together toofferstrategicsuggestionsforchangeinordertoenhanceandacceleratetheimplementationof

theWaterSectorDevelopmentProgram(WSDP)asitentersitsthirdyear.Primarydatainthisreportisdrawnfromofficialreportsandcomplementedwithinformationfromothersources.

Structure

ThisWaterSectorStatusReportisdividedin9sections:

Section 1:Overviewof the DevelopmentFramework summarises the nationalpolicy and

strategy,theinstitutionalandlegalframeworksandmonitoringapproachthatunderpinWSDP.

Section2:JointWaterSectorReviewUndertakings2008describestheprogressvis--visthe

agreedJWSRundertakingsoverthefirsttwoyearsofWSDPimplementation.

Section3:Performanceprovidesabriefassessmentofthestatusofeachcomponentandraises

importantcomponentspecificissuesthatneedtobeaddressedintheshorttomediumterm.

Section 4: Inputs summarises the levelofeffort fromcentral and localgovernmentand thecontributionsfromcommercialisedauthorities,theprivatesectoranddevelopmentpartners.

Section5:Organisation concernstheWSDPmanagementwithregardtotheadministration,

procurementandcoordinationarrangementsandthedemarcationofrolesandresponsibilities.

Section6:PlanningandReporting outlinestheneedfortheManagementInformationSystemthatisbeingputinplacetogeneraterollingworkplansandcashflowandexpenditurereports.

Section7:Challengesidentifiesissuesconsideredtobecriticaltoassurethatobjectivesaremetandproposessolutionsthatcanbeusedtoaddresstheseinaneffectiveandefficientmanner.

Section 8:Budgets summarises the budget and expenditureperformance for the fiscal year

(FY)2008/2009andprovidesanoverviewoftheFY2009/2010WSDPbudget.

Section9:Bibliographyprovideslinkstosourcesofinformationreferencedinthisreport.


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Scope

Thiswatersectorstatusreportaddressesthechallengesandissuesfacingthedevelopmentof

thesectorandforthisreasontheemphasisofthereportareonanalysisandstrategicoptions.

The report is prepared for key water sector stakeholders with knowledge of the sector inTanzania.Forthisreasonitdoesnotincludethefullvolumeof informationthatisavailablein

otherreports.AbibliographyisincludedandthereaderisreferredtotheWSDPFY2008/2009annualreportforacomprehensivenarrativeonprogressineachofthefourcomponents.

Thisreporthasbeenpreparedtosupportthedeliberationsofthe4thJointWaterSectorReview,

totakeplaceonOctober1stand2nd,2009followedbytheWSDPreviewmission.Fromthese

events,theexpectationisthattheundertakingsforFY2009/2010willprovideWSDPwithaninformedstrategicdirectionandguidanceonoperationalissuesthatneedtobeaddressed.

1.2 EnablingandFacilitatingDevelopmentPolicies

TheNationalWaterPolicy(NAWAPO)of2002includesreformelementsofdevolution,poverty

alleviation, andpublic service reforms. It influences nationalpolicy instruments that address

issuesofpovertyandeconomicdevelopment,andincorporatewatersectorreformsasoneoftheseveralrelatedcomponentstopovertyreductionandeconomicgrowth.

KeymacropoliciessuchastheNationalDevelopmentVision2025setthestageforthePoverty

ReductionStrategy andthe RuralDevelopmentPolicy thatwere then supportedby theLocalGovernment and Public Sector Reforms. The National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of

Poverty orMKUKUTA (Mkakati waKukuza Uchumi naKupunguzaUmasikini Tanzania) sets

operational goals and puts policy in a functional framework, which in the water sector is

embodiedintheNationalWaterSectorDevelopmentStrategy(NWSDS)of2006.

StrategicApproach

NAWAPOsetsoutthefuturedirectionforthewatersectorinachievingsustainabledevelopment

andmanagementoftheNationswaterresourcesforeconomy-widebenefitsandanincreasein

theavailability ofwater supplyandsanitation services.Water resources aspectsofNAWAPOhave implications for all water using sectors of the economy, such as agriculture, energy,

industry,livestock,mining,environment,tourismandfisheriesaswellasfordomesticuse.

The development of both surface and ground water resources should conform to basin or

catchment water resources development and management plans. NAWAPO embodies theprinciplethatbasinsshouldbetheplanningandmanagementunitsofwaterresourcesrather

than regions, and the principles of decentralisation and devolution ofwater supply service

managementtothelowestappropriatelevel.Themainlevelsofwaterresourcesmanagementplanningarenational,basin,catchment,sub-catchmentandwateruserassociations.

TheMinistryofWaterandIrrigation(MoWI)hasrestructureditsinstitutionstobecompatible

withtherequirementsofthedecentralisationandreformpoliciesthroughmeasuresthatarein

linewiththeNAWAPO,takingintoaccountprovisionsoftheLocalGovernmentReformPolicy.TheNWSDShasbeendevelopedtosupportre-alignmentofthewaterrelatedaspectsofother

key sector policies (for example, energy, irrigation, industry, mining and environment) with

NAWAPO, and focus on specific roles of various actors through clearly defining roles and

responsibilitiesandhencetheremovalofduplicationsandomissions.Further,theinstitutional

frameworkunderscoresseparationofservicedeliveryandregulationtoensurefairplayamongthevariousactorsandsectors.


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The NWSDS prioritises timely and appropriate interventions to address the water sector

challenges intheprocessofachievingall the targetsnarratedin theMKUKUTAby 2010,theMillennium Development Goals by 2015, and contribute towards achieving the Tanzania

DevelopmentVisionTargetsby2025.FurthermoreNWSDS leads toreshapingand increasing

sectorfinancingthroughasmoothandmanageableinstitutionalarrangement.TheNWSDSsetsoutthestrategyforNAWAPOimplementationandinturnguidedtheformulationoftheWSDP.

1.3 LegalFrameworkNAWAPO embodies theprinciple thatwater basins shouldbe theplanningandmanagement

units for water resources rather than political boundaries of region and districts and the

principlesofdecentralizationanddevolutionofwatersupplyanddemandmanagementtothe

lowest appropriate levels. The provision of water supply and sanitation services howevercontinuestobeorganisedaroundadministrativeboundaries.

TheNationalWaterSectorDevelopmentStrategydefinesanimplementationframeworkofthe

policy restructuring of the institutions to be compatible with requirements of Tanzanias

decentralizationbytakingintoaccounttheprovisionoftheLocalGovernmentReformPolicy.

TogiveeffecttoNAWAPOandNWSDS,theWaterResourcesManagementActNo11of2009andtheWaterSupplyandSanitationActNo12of2009wereenactedbytheNationalAssemblyon

April28th, 2009and assentedbythe President onMay 12th, 2009. This legislationcameintooperationonAugust1st,2009.ThisnewwaterlegislationrepealedtheWaterUtilisation(Control

andRegulation)Act,Cap331andtheWaterworksAct,Cap272respectivelyandhastherefore

substantiallyimpactedontheprevailinglegalandinstitutionalframework.

The Water Resources Management Act No 11 (2009) provides the institutional and legalframework for themanagementand developmentofwaterresources from the lowest to the

highestlevel.ThemainchangesbroughtaboutbythisActareto:

EstablishtheNationalWaterBoard(NWB)asanadvisoryboardtotheMinisterof

Water and Irrigation on all matters relating to multi-sector coordination in

integratedwaterresourcesplanningandmanagementaswellas theresolutionof

nationalandinternationalwaterconflicts.NWBreplacestheCentralWaterBoardthathadnosuchmandatedroles.

Statutorily establish the office of the Director of WaterResources with roles to

coordinatetheactivitiesof basinwaterboards;conductnationalwaterresources

management planning and implementation of strategy; oversee water basin

planningandmanagement;and integrate inter-sectorcoordinationandplanning

aspectsthathaveanimpactonwaterresources. EstablishBasinWaterBoard(s)ascorporatebodieswiththepowertosueandtobe

sued-previouslyBasinWaterBoardshadnosuchpowers.

Establish Catchment and Sub-Catchment Water Committees to coordinate and

harmonize catchment/sub-catchment integrated water resource management

plansandtoperformotherfunctionsasdelegatedbyBasinWaterBoard(s).

RegisterWaterUserAssociation(s)atthewaterbasininsteadofMinistrylevel.

TheActalsocontainsprovisionsonthepreparationofaNationalIntegratedWaterResources

ManagementPlan,damsafetyandmanagementandontrans-boundarywaters.Suchprovisionswerenotprovidedforintherepealedlaw.


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ThemainchangesbroughtbytheWaterSupplyandSanitationActNo.12(2009)include:

Clear provisions on the responsibilities of the Minister responsible for local

government,responsibilitiesoftheregionalsecretariatandfunctionsofLGAs.

EstablishmentofaNationalWaterInvestmentFundtoprovideinvestmentsupportforwater service provision andmanagement of catchments areas servingwater

supplyabstractions.

Established Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities may be declared as

Commercial Urban Water Supply and Sewerage Authorities depending oncommercialviability.

ClusteringofWaterSupplyandSanitationAuthoritiesforefficiencyandcommercial

viabilityisintroduced

BoardmembersofWater Supply andSanitation Authoritiesoperating atdistrict

and township level will be appointed by the Minister responsible for Local

Government,insteadoftheMinisterresponsibleforWater.

Provisionsonregulationofwatersupplyandsanitationservices.

LocalGovernmentAuthoritieswillberesponsiblefortheregistrationofCommunity

OwnedWaterSupplyOrganizations.Communityownedorganisationsarerequired

tocomplyfullywiththeprovisionsoftheWaterSupplyandSanitationActNo12of2009.VillageWaterCommitteespreviouslyregisteredbytheMinistryofWaterand

IrrigationwillbecomeCommunityOwnedWaterSupplyOrganizations.

1.4 StakeholdersKey stakeholders in thewater sector include: national government; regional administration;

local government authorities; urban water supply and sewerage authorities; developmentpartners; theprivatesector;non-governmentorganisations;andcommunityorganisations.To

ensure effective institutionalised linkages between stakeholders, the NAWAPO and NWSDS

prescribenewrolesfordifferentplayersinthewaterresourcesmanagementandwatersupply

andsanitationservices.EnactmentoftheWaterResourcesManagementActNo.11of2009andtheWaterSupplyandSanitation ActNo.12of2009 hasempowered different institutionsto

implementtheirmandatedroles,accordingtotheNAWAPOandtheNWSDS.Thisgiveswayto

harmonization and synchronisation of other sector laws and regulations to reduce

contradictionsandduplications.

Therolesandresponsibilitiesofwatersectorstakeholdersinthenewparadigmareasfollows:

CentralGovernment

The Central Governments role is to formulate policy and guidelines and coordinate overallsectorregulation.Implementationmanagementandexecutivefunctionsaredecentralisedtothe

lowestappropriatelevels(autonomousentitieshavebeenestablishedtomanagewatersupply

andsewerage servicesinurbanareas andcommunityorganisations havebeenestablished toown and manage rural water supply schemes) and responsibility for regulation has been

separatedfromtheallocationandprioritisationofcapitalinvestmentfunds.

TheMinistryofWaterandIrrigationguidestheEnergyandWaterUtilitiesRegulatoryAuthority

(EWURA)ontheformulationof technicalguidelines,provisionofstandardsandlicensing.TheMinistryofWater andIrrigation also secures funds forsector finance;monitors performance

againstplans;andprovidesoverallqualityassurance.


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EndorsementoftheNWSDSandenactmentofnewlegislationhasprovidedfortheformationof

theNationalWaterBoard.TheNWBisamulti-sectorandmulti-skilledentitythatadvisestheMinisterresponsibleforWateronintegratedinter-sectorplanning,coordinationofwaterbasin

planning and management, inter-sector/inter-basin conflicts, investment priorities and

financingpatterns.TheroleofMoWIistocarryoutco-ordination,monitoringandevaluationaswellasformulatetechnicalstandardsandwaterresourcemanagementguidelines.TheMinistry

alsoco-ordinatestrans-boundarywaterissues,ensuresdamsafetyandsupervises,monitorsandevaluates Basin Water Boards as well as the development of water resources. The interim

NationalWaterBoardsatforthefirsttimeinMay2009.TheroleoftheNationalEnvironmental

Management Council (NEMC) is to provide oversight on issues pertaining to environmental

safeguardsincludingstrategicandnon-strategicenvironmentalimpactassessments.

OtherlineMinistrieswithresponsibilityforwaterandsanitationsectorrelatedissues,include:

MinistryofFinanceandEconomicAffairs,isresponsiblefortheoverallplanningandbudgeting

incontextofthebudgetprocessandtheMediumTermExpenditureFramework

Prime Ministers Office Regional Administration and Local Government (PMO-RALG),coordinatesplanningbyLocalGovernmentAuthorities(LGAs)throughRegionalSecretariats

MinistryofEducationandVocationalTraining(MoEVT),is responsible forhygieneeducation

andtheprovisionofsanitationinschools

MinistryofHealthandSocialWelfare,isresponsibleforpromotinghygieneandsanitation

Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Ministry of Livestock Development, Ministry of

IndustryandTradeandMinistryof EnergyandMinerals,areallinvolvedin theuse ofwater

resourcesanditsefficientuseforirrigation,industrialuseandpowergenerationrespectively

Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism and Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human

Settlementareinvolvedintheprotectionofwaterresources.

Ministry of Community Development, Gender and Children, is responsible for gender

mainstreamingandcoordinationandsensitizationofsocialdevelopmentissues.

LocalGovernment

LocalGovernmentAuthoritiesareresponsiblefor theplanningandmanagementof theirrural

water and sanitation plans, as well as for the procurement, financing, management andmonitoringofcontractors,consultantsandotherlocal serviceproviders.LGAsarerequiredto

establish an enabling environment for community and private sector participation in theprovision of water and sanitation services. Councils are represented on water resourcesmanagementboardsandcommitteestoensurethepresenceofanelectedvoiceofthepeople

duringcoredecisionmakingregardingwaterresourcesconservation,management,allocation,

developmentandutilisation.LGAsareresponsibleforregulationofruralwatersupplyservices.

TheEnergyandWaterUtilitiesRegulatoryAuthority

EWURAismandatedtolicenseandregulateCommercialisedUrbanWaterSupplyandSewerage

Authorities (UWSSA) and has developed performance indicators to measure financial and

servicedeliveryoutcomes.EWURAalsomonitorsserviceperformanceandapprovestariffs.TheroleofEWURAiscomplementedbyaConsumerConsultativeCouncil,comprisinglocalofficials

andconsumersrepresentatives,mandatedtomonitorservicequalityandtheinterestsofusers.


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CommercialisedUrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthorities

These authorities, mandated to prepare and develop a business plan, based on commercial

principles,toprovideurbanwatersupplyandsewerageservices,arelicensedandregulatedby

EWURA. As legal autonomous entities, the UWSSAs are responsible and accountable for the

protection,maintenanceanddevelopmentoftheinfrastructureassetsplacedunderitscustody.

WaterConsumerandUserAssociations

WaterConsumerAssociations(Vikundivya HudumayaMaji) arelegalentitiesestablishedby

communitiestoown,manage,operateandmaintaindrinkingwatersupplyservices.TheWCAis

requiredtoprovideaffordableservicesonfulloperationandmaintenancecostrecoverybasis.

WaterUserAssociations(VikundivyaWatumiajiMaji)arelegalentitiesestablishedbytheusers

ofwater resources within a specified area tomanage the allocation ofwater resources and

resolveconflictsamongstwateruserswithinthatarea.

DevelopmentPartners

DevelopmentPartners, comprisemulti-lateraland bi-lateral financingand grant agenciesand

internationalNGOs,supportMoWI,otherwatersectoractorsandcommunitygroupstodevelopwatersectorinitiatives.DevelopmentPartners(DPs)arealsosupportThematicWorkingGroups

(TWG)andintheWaterSectorWorkingGroup(WSWG)meeting.

CivilSocietyOrganisations

CivilSocietyOrganisationsparticipatein thewater sector,workingin partnershipwithother

stakeholders,tocontributeinthedevelopmentandimplementationofsectorpolicies,strategies,

standardsandguidelines.Theyalsoparticipateinsectormonitoringthroughfieldvisits,reviews

anddialoguemeetings.ThroughTAWASANETtheyarepreparinganEquityMonitoringStrategyandSectorEquityReportanddisseminatingtheCapacityDevelopmentFrameworkGuidelines.

ThePrivateSector

TheprivatesectorisactivelyparticipatingwithLGAsandBasinWaterOfficestoprovidevariousservices,includingsupplyofequipment,technicalconsultanciesandtheconstructionofworks.

1.5 TheWaterSectorDevelopmentProgramThedevelopmentobjectiveoftheMinistryofWaterandIrrigationistostrengthenwatersector

institutionsinordertoimproveaccesstowatersupplyandsanitationservicesandtoensurean

integratedwaterresourcesmanagementapproach.TheMinistryisalsoresponsibleforcreatinganenablingenvironmentandregulatoryframeworkthatharnesstheeffortsofcivilsociety,non-

governmentorganisationsandinternationaldevelopmentpartners.

Toensureacoordinatedandharmonizedapproachtoinvestmentplanningandimplementation

theMinistryhasembarkedonalong-termWaterSectorDevelopmentProgramusingaSector

Wide Approach toPlanning - a framework where financial resources for capital investment,

frombothGovernmentandDPs,areprovidedinsupportofjointlyagreedstrategiesandplans,

undertheleadershipoftheGovernment.FY2009/2010isthe3rdyearofWSDPimplementation.

MoWI, on behalf of the Government, is responsible for the implementation of WSDP, which

comprises four components,namely:WaterResourcesManagement;RuralWaterSupplyand

Sanitation; UrbanWater Supply and Sanitation; and Institutional Development and Capacity

Building.ThecomponentwiseobjectivesofWSDPareasfollows:


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Component1:WaterResourcesManagement

Theobjectiveofthiscomponentistodevelopasoundwaterresourcesmanagementframework

inallnineriverandlakebasinsandtopromotegoodgovernanceofwaterresourcesthroughout

thecountrythroughtheactiveparticipationofallstakeholdersatalllevels.Thiswillbeachieved

by:improvingwaterresourcesmonitoringnetworks,introducingwaterresourcesmanagementassessments and enforcing regulations; improving water quality management and pollutioncontrol;andprotectingwatersources,aswellasoptimizingwaterresourcesallocations.

Component2:RuralWaterSupplyandSanitation

Theobjectiveofthiscomponentistoimprovethequalityandquantityofdrinkingwaterandsanitationservicesfortheruralpopulationsustainedthrough improveddistrictlevelcapacity,

effectivelocalwateruserentities,privatesectorparticipationandgoodhygieneandsanitation

practicesanchoredincomprehensivedistrictwatersupplyandsanitationplans.

Component3:UrbanWaterSupplyandSanitation

Theobjectiveofthiscomponentistheexecutionofutilitybusinessplanstoexpandthedeliveryofwatersupplyandsewerage servicesthroughimprovementofutilityoperations inregionalanddistrictcapitals,aswellassmalltownsandnationalwaterschemes.

Component4:InstitutionalDevelopmentandCapacityBuilding

Theobjectiveofthiscomponentistostrengthenwatersectorinstitutionsandsectorcapacitybuildingtoprovideeffectiveadministrativesupportforenvisagedprogrammeimplementation

throughtraining,improvementofofficepremises,provisionofofficeequipment,transportand

MIS.Crosscuttingissues,suchasgendermainstreaming,HIV/AIDSandgoodgovernance,are

developedandimplementedwithintheambitofthiscomponent.

1.6 MonitoringandLearningInstitutionalFramework

Any implementation process needs to be responsive to the planned activities, outputs andoutcomes that ultimately define success or failure in meeting targets and objectives. The

successful implementation ofWSDP therefore requires timely and accurate feedback so that

appropriateinterventionscanbemade.Acontinuousmonitoringprocessallowsthe sectorto

learnsothatitcanfocusonwhatworkswhilealsoidentifyingunforeseenopportunities.

TheMinistryofWaterandIrrigationisresponsibleforthecoordinationof themonitoringand

learningprocesseswithinWSDP.Thisisbeingdonethroughthecompilationofprogressreports

receivedfromtheimplementingentitiesthathavereceivedguidanceonreportwritingskillsand

progress monitoring. MoWI also conduct field-monitoring visits to validate the informationreceived. In the last fiscal year thesevisits coveredall 21mainland regions,all UrbanWater

SupplyandSewerageAuthorities,allmunicipalitiesandcitycouncils,allwaterbasinofficesand

88outof104districts.Teamsvisited288ruralprojects,19urbanprojectsandobservedvariousstages ofprogressonactivities under the 9waterbasinoffices, including the preparation of

businessplansforwaterbasinoffices.Theinformationcollectedisreflectedinprogressreports.

ThemonitoringcapacityoftheMinistryofWaterandIrrigationisbeingstrengthenedtodeliver

the expected outputs and ensure the sustainability of monitoring activities. The policy

framework acknowledges that data collection is a prime responsibility of implementingagencies,suchasLGAs,UWSSAsandBWOs.Dataisanalyzedateachleveloftheimplementing

agencyandisstoredintheMinistryssubsectordatabases.


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September2009

Theinstitutionalarrangements thatguidemonitoringactivitiesarebeingreviewed toprovide

sufficientlinkageswithothermonitoringsystems;suchasPMO-RALG,EWURA,BasinDatabases,Urban and Rural Water Supply Databases, strategic studies such as the Public Expenditure

Review andsurveysundertheNationalBureauofStatistics (NBS).Operationally,emphasisis

placedongeneratingrelevantdata thatmeets theinformationneedsofdifferentstakeholdersanddisseminationisdonetostimulateeffectiveuseinplanninganddecision-making.

TheministryofWaterandIrrigation,togetherwiththeMinistriesofHealth,EducationandPMO-RALG,areworkingtogethertoimprovethemonitoringofsanitationservicesandhygieneissues.

SocialAccountabilityandCommunityParticipatoryMonitoring

Social accountabilitymechanisms, throughparticipatorymonitoring andevaluation activities,are very important to ensure that the observations of monitoring reports reflect the actual

weaknesses and challenges identified. The issue of developing scorecards and measures to

address client satisfaction are being reviewed. In aneffort to raise social accountability and

governance,participatorymonitoringatthecommunityleveltoenhancethevoiceofpeoplein

decision-makingprocessesisbeingpreparedforuseduringthenextroundofmonitoring.

ComprehensiveReviewoftheWaterSectorMonitoringFramework

MostwatersectordataisobtainedfromroutinedatacollectionbyUWSSAs,LGAsandBWOsthat

isreported toEWURA,PMO-RALGandMoWIrespectively.Datacollected throughcensusand

surveysconductedfromtimetotimeundertheNBSarealsoperiodicallymadeavailable.Since

these two sources of data use different indicators, they have consequently been producingdifferentresults.ThereportedruralwatersupplycoverageusingroutinedatabyMoWIin2007

was57.1%whilethesampledsurveyresultbyNBSduringthesameyearwas40.8%.

Suchdiscrepancieshaveconfusedstakeholderswhoquestionthecorrectness,consistencyand

reliability of routine data collection. The quest to reduce such discrepancies has led to thedecisiontoconductacomprehensivereviewofthewatersector-monitoringframeworkaimedat

harmonizing the tools so as to improve both data quality and accuracy. The activity is now

underwayandthedraftreportwillbediscussedatthefourthJWSR.

UpdatedResultsMonitoringFramework

The results monitoring framework has been updated. The smartness of the performance

indicatorshasbeensharpened toensurethattheyprovidecluesorevidencethatmarkshowclose or how far the sector is in meeting the desired targets. The indicators provide an

operationaldescriptiononhowto characterizeachievementof thegoal,purpose,outputsand

activities,intermsofquantity,qualityandtime.Theupdatedframeworkshowsbaselinevalues

recordedin2006,currentstatusandplannedtargets.Thefrequencyandresponsibilityfordata

collectionandthemeansofverificationaredescribedinthemonitoringprotocol.

WaterSectorPerformanceAssessmentFramework

The Water Sector Performance Assessment Framework has been prepared jointly between

MoWI and DPs. The framework is in linewith the guidingnote fromtheMoFEA,whichwasagreed by national stakeholders in 2006, and is divided into 3 parts: (1) compliance with

commitmentsinplanning,budgeting,reallocation,absorptioncapacityandfunding;(2)progress

on sector indicators and (3) progress on joint dialogueprocesses, including how TWGs, the

WaterSectorWorkingGroup(WSWG)andtheJWSRmeetingsareplannedandheld.


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September2009

2 JointWaterSectorReviewUndertakings2008Undertaking1: WSDPFY2009/2010budgetpreparationinformedbysector

performancemonitoringdata,includingequitydata

TheFY2009/2010budgetwasprepared according totheFY2007/2008sectorperformance

report and the 2008watersector equity report asa result the ruralwatersub-sectorwas

allocatedadequateresourcesinFY2009/2010.

Undertaking2: EnsureFY2009/2010budgetreflectsallGoTandDPscommitments;and

theFY2008/2009supplementarybudgetcapturesallDPscommitments.

GoTandDPsfirmeduptheircommitmentsontimeandthesearereflectedintheFY2009/2010

budget.MoFEAincreasedtheceilingfromTZS36.5milliontoTZS50.5Million.

Undertaking3: Developacomprehensiveregularlyupdatedannualprocurementplan

ProcurementplansofWSDPimplementingagencieswereconsolidatedbyMoWIinApril2009

andupdatedintheWSDPannualprocurementplaninJuly2009.

Undertaking4: Conductastudyintoequitableresourceallocation

GovernmentisreviewingtheguidelinesonresourcesallocationtoLGAstoensureapro-poor

focusandthatareaswithlimitedwatersupplyservicesareconsidered.MoWIandPMO-RALG

aredevelopingguidelinesforLGAsreadytouseforplanningoftheFY2010/2011budget.

Undertaking5: ReviewproceduresforWSDPfinancingandreportingmodalitiesto

removeobstaclesinflowoffunds

MoWIhavecontractedaconsultanttoworkontheundertaking.

Undertaking6: Strictcompliancewithrequirementandprocessesdeterminedinthe

WSDPMoUusingcommonimplementationarrangement(waterbasket)

MoUhasbeencirculatedtoimplementingagencies,whichareinstructedtoadheretoit.MOWIis

makingclosefollowupandcontinuouslymonitoringcompliance

Undertaking7: TimelypreparationoftheJWSR2009,includingsubmissionofthewater

sectorstatusreportinAugust2009

ThereportwasfinalisedinSeptember2008priortotheJWSRonOctober1stand2nd,2009.

Undertaking8: Asingleharmonizeddatabasewithreliablebaselinetobeestablishedby

March2009andprovidingdatabynextJWSR

Asingleharmonizeddatabasewithreliablebaselinedatahasbeenestablishedandisinuse.Also

the sector performance monitoring data (new definitions) have been fed into MKUKUTA

monitoring. Process is on-going to hire a consultant to prepare agreed framework for

harmonisedruralwatersupplydatabase.TheagreedframeworkanddefinitionswillbeappliedinMoWIreportingaftercompletionoftheharmonizationforruralwatersupplydatabase.The

water pointmappingexercisehasbeencompleted in55districtsandtheremaining districts

shouldbecompletedearlyin2010.


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September2009

Undertaking9: Informationonbudgets,disbursements,plansandexpenditureis

accessibleatalllevelsandinauser-friendlyformat

SomeinformationisavailableontheMOWIwebsite.EducationInformationandCommunication

UnitinMoWIwillensurethatinfutureallinformationshouldbedisseminatedonthewebsite.

Undertaking10:Conductafullreviewofmonitoringframeworkandinformationsystems

WaterAidwas contracted in July 2009 toconducta full reviewofmonitoring frameworkandsystemstoensureconsistencyofdefinitionandaccuracyofdata, includingdataonsanitation,

water resources management and water supply services. The draft report will be ready in

September2009.TAWASANETiscarryingoutindependentequitymonitoringandreportingand

thedraftreportwillbepresentedtothenextJWSRonOctober1 stand2nd,2009.

Undertaking11:EstablishMoUforsanitationwithdefinedrolesandresponsibilities

AnAgreementamongPMO-RALG,MoHSW,MoWI,MoEVTfortheIntegratedImplementationofSanitation andHygieneActivities in theMainlandoftheUnitedRepublicof Tanzaniawillbe

signedduringthenextsanitationweek(fromNovember14thto19th,2009).TheMoUdefinesthe

dialoguemechanism, themodalitiesofWSDPfinancing, the compositionof the TWGand theaspects of HIV/AIDS in the question of sanitation and hygiene. A household sanitation and

hygieneTWGwillbeformedandco-chairedbyPMO-RALGandMoWI.TORforaconsultantto

carry out a situation and impact analysis has been finalised. MoWI, through HIV/AIDScoordinator,ispreparingarequestforfundsthatwerepreviouslyomittedintheFY2009/2010

budget, for consideration during the mid-term budget review. Sanitation guidelines will be

submitted to theNationalSteering Committee forSanitation andHygiene inNovember2009

followinganinternalreviewintheMinistryofWaterandIrrigation.

Undertaking12:InitiateparticipatoryIWRMplanningprocesses

Procurementofconsultants topreparethe IWRMplansfor thefirsttwoprioritybasins(Rufiji

andInternalDrainageBasins)areatanadvancedstage(Section3.1).

Undertaking13:TheCapacityDevelopmentPlanshouldbeoperationalbyApril09

MoWIdivisionsarefinalizingtheirCDplansandtheseshouldbereadybeforemidyearreview,

to be included in the FY 2009/2010 budget. Meanwhile, short-term training plans will be

finalisedintimeforthemid-yearreview,alsotobeincludedintheFY2009/2010budget.

Undertaking14:Developamechanismforconductingresearch/sharingresearchfindings

Researchareashavebeenidentifiedinthefollowingproblematicareas:

Sanitation

WaterSupplies,forimprovedpublichealth

WaterUseConservationandTechnologies

WaterResourcesManagement-Social,PoliticalandEconomicIssues,

EcologicalWaterRequirements

PromotionofBetterUseofPrecipitation

WaterResourcesManagementPolicyandLegalIssues

OnedraftproposalonWaterQualitywassubmitted,whileotherdepartmentsarenowpreparingproposalstobesharedwithTWGs.Afterconsolidationandprioritizationofresearchproposals,abudgetwillbepreparedforimplementationincollaborationwithhigherlearningInstitutions.


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September2009

3 Performance3.1 WaterResourcesManagementandDevelopmentBasinWaterOfficesStrengtheningofBasinWaterOffices(BWO)tomoreeffectivelycarryouttheirregulatoryand

planningrolesissupportedbyWSDP.Aspartofwaterresourcesregulationatotalof352water

rights have been granted by the nine BWOs out of the planned 412 while 2,459 water

users/abstractions were inspected during this time.Water use conflicts in some basins is a

commonproblem,25outof27wateruseconflictsreportedwereresolved.

TheconstructionandrehabilitationofthewaterresourcesdepartmentandBWObuildingsand

laboratories and equipment of various kinds is on going. Two contracts for the design and

supervisionofrehabilitation,constructionofnewofficefacilitiesandassociatedexternalworks

forZone1(Rufiji,Ruvuma,LakeNyasaandLakeRukwa)andZone2(PanganiandWami/Ruvu)

BWOs and laboratories were signed in February 2009. The contract for Zone 3 (InternalDrainage,LakeTanganyikaandLakeVictoria)BWOswassignedonJuly17th,2009.

ToremovethebottlenecksthattheBasinWaterOfficeshadinprocurement,inFebruary2009,

thePermanentSecretaryMinistryofWaterandIrrigationgrantedauthorityto thefourlarger

BasinWater Offices (Pangani, Rufiji, Lake Victoria and Wami/Ruvu) to set up Basin TenderBoardsandProcurementManagementUnits.ThisisinaccordancewiththePublicProcurement

Act2004.TheseBasinWaterOfficeshaveestablishedtheirBoardsandProcurementUnitsandhaveconductedprocurementtrainingtotheBoardMembersandtheprocurementstaff.

Following Parliamentary approval of the Water Resources Management Act No: 11 in April

2009,preparationofthe41waterresourcesregulationsison-going.TheActprovidesthelegal

foundationsfortheregulatoryroleandresponsibilitiesoftheBasinWaterOffices.

IntegratedWaterResourcesManagementPlans

Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) plans provide a rational basis for the

managementanddevelopmentofthewaterresourcesineachbasinformulti-sectorneedsinthe

medium tolong term.The preparation ofbasin IWRMplansrepresentsakey element intheproposedapproachbeingsupportedbyWSDP.

Inadditiontotheproblemswiththeprocurementprocessperse,theoriginalTORtoprepare

IWRMplansweretoowideinscopeinrelationtothetimeallocatedtoproducetheexpected

outputsandthis,togetherwiththegenerallackofexperienceofthelocalconsultingsectorwith

IWRM(as say comparedto the skills and experience available in the drinkingwatersector),contributedtoapoorresponsetotherequestforproposalsandthesubsequentneedtoretender

withmodifiedTOR. Procurement ofconsultants to prepare the IWRMplans for the first twoprioritybasins (Rufiji and InternalDrainage Basins) are now atanadvancedstage- the No

ObjectionforthetechnicalproposalsfromtheWorldBankforthesetwocontractswasobtained

onSeptember2nd,2009.TORforthesecondandthirdprioritybasinshasbeenprepared.

IWRMisposingnewchallengestothewatersector,asitrequiresamulti-sectorapproachratherthan the traditional single sector perspective. New areas of management such aswater law,

economics of water resources, limnology, environmental flow assessments, and conflict-

resolution and negotiation skills in trans-boundarywaters are needed.MoWI and the BWOs

presentlydonothavetheseskillsandthenon-responsivetechnicalassistanceassignmentfor

strengtheninghumanresourcesinIWRMisbeingpursuedasamatterofpriority.


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September2009

PriorityInvestments

TheDepartmentofWaterResources(DWR), togetherwiththeBWOs, have finalised priority

investment selection criteria that were used by the Interim National Water Board at its

inauguralmeetingonMay,19th,2009toapprove24outofthe47submittedprojects.

WaterResourcesMonitoringandAssessment

The collection of basic hydrological, hydro-geological, climate and rainfall data from the

operationalhydrometricandhydro-meteorologicalstationsisregularlybeingdonebyallBWOs.

Surveys of some hydrological monitoring stations, including inspection of cross sectional

surveysofrivergaugingstationshasalsobeencarriedout.Thesurveysshowthatmanystationsarenotfunctioningproperlyduetolackofmaintenanceandvandalism.Inaddition,therating

curvesofmanyriver-gaugingstationsareoutdatedandneedrecalibration.

Toimprovethequalityofdatacollection,inspectionof164hydrometricstations,rehabilitation

of 44 hydrometric stations and the construction of 11 new hydrometric stations has beencompleted in Rufiji, Wami/Ruvu, Pangani, Ruvuma, IDB, Lake Nyasa, Lake Rukwa and Lake

Victoria Basins. Inaddition, 591 abstractions and 3,300 vulnerablewatersources have been

identifiedinallbasinsandatotalof127geophysicalsurveyswereconducted.Mlalakuwasub-catchmentandMakutuporasub-catchmenthavebeendemarcatedandprotectedinWami/Ruvu.

ReliableandaccuratedatacollectioniscentraltoIWRMandindecision-makingprocesseson

waterdevelopment.Unfortunatelydata(anditsanalysis)isexpensiveandthebenefitsarenot

immediately beneficial, nevertheless climate change aswellasmanmade interventionshavenegativeconsequencesthatneedtobeeffectivelyaddressedtomitigatepotentialimpacts.

WaterQualityManagement

Environmentalprotection,includingwaterqualitymonitoringforcompliance,iscarriedoutby

theBWOs.About3,380watersampleswerecollectedandanalyzedtoassessthewaterqualityfromvarioussourcesandresultsshowedthat96.6%ofsampleswereofgoodqualityforhuman

consumption.WaterpollutioncontrolwasalsoundertakenwherebytheMinistrycontinuedto

assessthequalityofsewageeffluentbeforebeingdischargedtowaterbodies.Over250samples

were collected fromwastewater treatment plants in Arusha, Morogoro, Dodoma and IringamunicipalitiesandDaresSalaamandMwanzaCitiesforanalysis,theresultsshowedthat88%of

thesampleswereoftherequiredstandardsofeffluentpriortodischarge.

Minesandindustriesarealsoinspectedforeffluentdischargecompliance.Atotalof9minesand

19Industrialwastewaterworkswereinspectedforcompliance.Itwasobservedthat,allmines

hadundertakentheEnvironmentalImpactAssessmentandalsothattheyusetheEnvironmental

ManagementPlan to administer their environmental obligations.However, itwasnoted that

mostoftheEnvironmentalManagementPlansareoutdatedandneedtobereviewed.Sincemostindustrieswereestablishedbefore theenactmentof theEnvironmentalManagementActCap

191, they have been instructed toundertake theirown environmental auditing exercise and

ensureself-wastewaterqualitymonitoringandreportingtotherespectiveBasinWaterOffices.

TherecentpollutionincidentattheBarrickNorthMinesisawakeupcallforallBWOsandallenvironmentalprotectionagenciestobevigilantinenforcingtheWaterResourcesManagement

ActNo.11of2009andtheEnvironmentalManagementActCap191of2004.TheLakeVictoria

WBOisnowmonitoringwaterqualityparametersattheMineonweeklybasiswhiletheMineis

submittingdataonwaterqualitytotheBWOonadailybasisforqualitycontrol.


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September2009

3.2 RuralWaterSupplyandSanitationMKUKUTAtargetsfor2010are:toincreaseaccesstocleanandsafewaterinruralareasfrom

53%in2003to65%;toensurethat100%ofschoolshaveadequatesanitaryfacilities;andtopromotehouseholdsanitationsothat95%ofpeoplehaveaccesstobasicsanitation.

ImplementationoftheruralwaterandsanitationcomponentofWSDPinitiallyfocussedonthe

rehabilitation/constructionofsmall-scaleprojects ineachLGAthatcouldbefinanced through

the Local Government Capital Development Grant. These quick-win projects were eitherlargelyalreadydesignedor justneededsimplerehabilitationworksto improveexistingwater

supplyinfrastructureandservices.Assuch,verylittletechnicalpreparationwasrequiredandit

waspossibletoincreaseaccesstocleanandsafewaterfrom55.7%to57.1%inaperiodoftwo

years.Withthesuccessfulcompletionofout-standingprojectsandtheexecutionofworkswhererehabilitationwaspossible,theWSDPhasbeguntofocusonnewprojectsinvillagesthatdonot

haveawatersupplyorthathavehadbutwhichcannotbeviablyrehabilitated.

Following aprolongedperiod forthe procurementof consultancyservicesineachof the132

LGAs,contractsarefinallyintheprocessofbeingsignedforthedetaileddesignandpreparation

of tender documents for 10 villagewaterschemes ineachdistrict. These1,320schemes areexpected tobenefitupto4millionpeople,therebyraisingservice coveragelevelsbyat least

10%acrossthecountryandintheprocessexceedingtheMKUKUTAtarget.

Theexerciseregardingthedetaileddesignandpreparationoftenderdocumentsisexpectedto

takearound6months.ThetechnicalconsultantswillthereafterassisttheLGAstotenderforthe

constructionoftheengineeringworksunderNationalCompetitiveBidding(withpostapproval)

shouldtakeafurther2to3months.Thusmostworkswillbeinanidealpositiontobeginatthe

endoftheforthcomingwetseason(MarchtoMay2010).Contractsforconstructionsupervisionaretentativelyawardedtothefirmpreparingthedetaileddesign,subjecttogoodperformance.

Althoughdetailedcostestimatesarenotyetknown,itisestimatedthattheplannedconstruction

workswillrequireaninvestmentofaroundUSD400million(assuminganaveragepercapita

costofUSD100)overaperiodof2yearsbeginninginthelastquarterofFY2009/2010.Oncethisbatchof1,320schemesisunderway,thenextphaseforinvestmentswillbedesignedonthe

basisofthedistrictwaterplanscurrentlybeingpreparedbythesameconsultantsundertaking

theon-goingdesignwork. In thisway it isexpected that thehiatus experiencedbetweenthe

completionofthequick-winsprogramandthestartoftheworksontheimplementationof1,320schemescanbeavoidedinthefutureimplementationofWSDP.

The sanitation and hygiene sub-component of WSDP focuses on promoting sanitation and

hygieneandmakinguseof existingandpromising approaches forhouseholdandcommunity

sanitationaswellasschoolbasedactivities.AttheLGAlevel,fundsareprovidedtotrainartisanstoimproveexistinglatrines,usingappropriatelocaltechnologyandonthemarketingofservices

tocommunitymembers,ratherthanfocusingonlyontheconstructionofdemonstrationlatrines.

During the first 2 years of implementation of WSDP a total of 1,531,909 people have beensensitizedonsanitationandhygieneissues(in112reportingLGAs)resultingintheconstruction

of1,762improvedlatrines.Sanitationclubshavebeenformedin289schoolsandhandwashing

campaignsandcompetitions(basedon thegeneralcleanliness of theschoolswithrefusepit,

latrine cleanliness, surroundings whereby visible sanitation messages and hand washing

facilitieswereplaced)havebeenundertaken.Theseresultssuggestthatthereisanurgentneedtomake household sanitationmarketing moreeffective. In the case of school sanitation, the

initial resultsof theWASHmappingexercisesuggeststhat thesituationis unacceptablewith

almost70%ofschoolsnothavingadequatetoiletfacilities.Withoutaccesstowaterorlatrinesinschoolsitissimplynotpossibletobegintoeducatechildrenongoodhygienepractice.


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September2009

Criticalissuesintheruralwaterandsanitationsector,thatneedtobeaddressedintheshortto

mediumterm,include:

1 QualityAssuranceofTechnicalDesigns :withtheawardingof132technical

assistancecontractstomorethan30firmsatacostofUSD65millionthereis

anurgentneedtoputinplaceamechanismtoqualityassuretheoutputs.

2 SharingInnovation:contractingover30differentconsultantstoprepare132

districtplansprovidesasignificantopportunityforinnovationinthedesignof

ruralwaterschemesandfornewapproachestobe identifiedtheseneedto

bedisseminatedsothattheymaybeadoptedbyLGAs.MoWIwillfacilitatetheexchangeofinformationbetweenLGAsandbetweentheconsultingfirms.

3 Standardisation:thereisanurgentneedtoassurethatcontractorsarenotallowedtointroducewaterpumps,electricalandmechanicalequipmentand

machinerythatdoesnotalreadyhaveprovenservicebackupinTanzania.The

specificationsforworksshouldbeclearonthispointandMoWIwillensure

thatconsultantsareincomplianceonthispoint.

4 WaterPointMapping:theon-goingwaterpointmappingexerciseneedstobecompletedandreportingprotocolsdevelopedtoensurethattheLGAsare

regularly updating them. The GIS/MIS that can be derived from this data

needstoformthebasisforthedistrictwaterplanscurrentlybeingelaborated.

5 ConsolidationofDistrictPlans :thepreparationofdistrictruralwaterplans

foreachofthe132districtsinthecountryprovideanopportunitytoestablish

anationaldatabasethatcansubsequentlyprovidebaselinedataforanationalperformancemonitoringandmanagementinformationsystem.

6 AssuringFinancingforWorksonaMassiveScale:oncedesignsareinplace

andcontractsforworkshavebeensignedthereisadangerthatthecashflowdemandmay exceed supply. Itis vital that thisdoesnot occurto avoidde-

mobilization,finesandpaymentofsupervisionserviceswhileimplementation

isparalyzed.TheMISdescribedinSection6.1willbeusedforthispurpose.

7 Assuring Sufficient Construction Capacity: the implementation of 1,320

ruralwaterschemeswillrequiremanyskilledandsemi-skilledprofessionalsthatmay not beavailable insufficientnumbers.To avoidsuchbottlenecks,

trainingcoursestocapacitateconstructionworkersneedfunding.Thiswould

alsoassurethattherequiredskillsarealsoavailableatdistrictlevelforthe

regularoperationandmaintenanceoftheschemesoncethesearecomplete.

8 Capacity Building of Community Leaders: to perform their tasks and

functions,astheownersoftheirwaterscheme,shouldinclude,asaminimum,traininginmanagementandaccountingskills toensureasmoothtransition

oncetheschemesarehandedovertothecommunity.

9 OutsourcingModelfortheManagementofO&M :forvillagesthatchooseto

outsourcethemanagement,revenuecollection,operationandmaintenanceof

theirschemetotheprivatesector,standardcontractsandamethodologyfor

tariffsettingandcontractperformancemanagementneedstobeputinplace.

10 PerformanceMonitoring:inadditiontothemonitoringofquantitativedata

throughtheinformationsystemtobeestablishedonthebasisofthenational

ruralwaterdatabase(point5above),thereisaneedforMoWItoputinplace

a qualitative (process) monitoring system to capture levels of satisfaction,opinionsaswellasinnovationarisingfromthedevelopmentprocess.


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September2009

3.3 UrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageUrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthorities(UWSSAs)havebeenestablishedinaccordancewiththeWaterworksActNo.8(1997)in19majorurbancentres.InadditiontheDaresSalaam

Waterand SanitationAuthority (DAWASA) was establishedunder waterworks Act No. 20 of2001 tosupply water to Dar esSalaam and partsofPwani region, including BagamoyoandKibahatownships.Theauthoritiesaregradedunderthreecategories:

Category A authorities cover all the O&M costs of water supply and sewerage,

includingstaffwages,costofpowerandsomecontributionstoinvestment;

CategoryBauthoritiesmeettheirO&Mcosts,includingcostsharingofpower(asperMoUwitheachauthority)andfullsalariesforthepermanentemployees;

CategoryCauthoritiesmeet theirO&McostsbutrequireGovernmentsupportinpayingforpowersupplyandthesalariesofthepermanentemployees.

InMay2009MoWIapprovedareportonthePerformanceofUWSSAs,preparedbyM/SDonConsultLimited.DetailedinformationwithregardtotheperformanceofUWSSAscanbefound

in this document and it is not repeated herein. Improvements in technical performance,

especially in the areas related to water production, water quality, service coverage, water

meteringandinthereductionofunaccountedforwater(UfW),areobserved.Tables3.1,3.2and3.3provideasnapshotoftheperformanceofall20authorities.

Criticalissuesintheurbanwaterandseweragesectorthatneedtobeaddressedintheshortto

mediumterminclude:

1 OperatingRatios: the practiceofdistorting breakeven points by including

incomeoutsideofanauthoritiesownsourceswithintheiroperatingrevenue

shouldbeeliminated.2 Water Quality Testing: in addition to the current practice of authorities

checking the water quality at the point of water production/treatment,

independent water testing should be introduced at the pointof delivery toconsumersasacountercheckingmechanism.

3 WaterMeterRepairandReplacement:witharapidaccelerationintheuseofmeteredconnectionsanadequateresponsewithregardtothedualproblem

ofmeterrepairandthecostofeventualreplacementneedstobeputinplace.

4 Staff Productivity: formost authorities this is


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September2009

7 BusinessPlanning :althoughitisa licensingrequirementtohaveabusiness

plan,theseareinpracticerarelyusedasaplanningtooltoguideanUWSSAonits strategic planning options or investment planning. Business planning

guidelineshavethereforebeenpreparedwithaviewtoenhancethequalityof

theexistingbusinessplans.8 Regulation: EWURA currently face a number of challenges and logistical

problemsinregulatingover100smalltownsauthorities,includingavailability

of accepted regulatory tools and the receipt of inaccurate and inconsistent

operational information. Baseline information is however now availablethrougharapidassessmentstudyundertakenaspartoftheclusteringstudy.

9 Sewerage: innovativeapproachesto theexpansionandfinancingof servicesneedtobeidentifiedandtestediftheMKUKUTAtargetof30%coverageby

mid-2010istobeachievedevenwithinthenext5to10years.

WhileCategoryAauthoritieswillmost likelymeet theMKUKUTA targetof90%population

coverageby 2010, itis unlikelyhoweverthatCategory B and C authoritieswillmeet this

targetifprojectsunderWSDParenotcompletedtimely.

Theperformanceofdistrictand small townswater authorities isnotaddressed in thiswater

sectorstatusreport.Moreinformationontheseauthoritiesandontheclusteringprocesscanbe

foundinthereportsoftheon-goingclusteringstudy.ClusteringisalsodiscussedinSection7.3.

Table3.1UrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthoritiesVitalStatistics

UWSSA DrinkingWater

Production

(m3/day)

DrinkingWater

Productionvs.

Demand(%)

Distribution

Network(Km)

Staffper1000

Water

Connections

LengthofSewer

Network(Km)

AccesstoSewer

Connections%

Arusha 48,700 85 259 6.4 43 7

Babati 3,840 69 32 16.0 0 0

Bukoba 9,190 88 77 11.7 0 0

DaresSalaam 273,000 61 1,496 6.3 188 4

Dodoma 37,000 86 214 7.4 55 13

Iringa 15,700 83 153 9.0 26 13

Kigoma 17,910 31 193 10.0 0 0

Lindi 1,380 26 111 19.0 0 0

Mbeya 32,000 90 371 8.7 47 5

Morogoro 30,000 81 318 8.0 30 15

Moshi 28,640 94 285 9.0 45 45

Mtwara 9,080 44 184 8.0 0 0

Musoma 17,380 45 112 10.5 0 0

Mwanza 42,000 72 298 9.7 28 8

Shinyanga 13,100 61 195 9.0 0 0

Singida 5,720 58 86 15.0 0 0

Songea 11,910 75 220 11.0 36 1.4

Sumbawanga 2,190 42 87 9.2 0 0.0

Tabora 17,450 70 230 8.3 19 3.8

Tanga 42,000 98 454 6.0 34 9.1

Source:MajiInformationSystemDatabase


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September2009

3.4 InstitutionalDevelopmentandCapacityBuildingTheproperfunctioningofanorganizationdependsonhavinginplacetherightpolicies,effective

strategiesandrobustorganizationstructuresaswellasaregulatedlegalframework.Specifically

withregardtotheperformanceofanorganization,themainissuestobeconsideredincludethecreationofanenablingenvironmentinwhichcapacitatedindividualswithclearjobdescriptions

canworkwithinagreedoperationalguidelinesandprocedurestodeliverresults.Theobjective

oftheInstitutionalDevelopmentandCapacityBuildingcomponentofWSDPistoensurethatall

stakeholdersareabletoperformtheirdutiesunhinderedbyavoidableexternalities.

TheNationalWaterPolicy,NationalWaterSectorDevelopmentStrategy, theWaterResources

ManagementActNo.11of2009andtheWaterSupplyandSanitationActNo.12of2009arein

placeandconsideredrelevant andappropriate instrumentsin supportingtheimplementation

framework.Furthermore,theorganizationalstructureofthesectorislargelysupportivetonewdevelopments;themainexceptionistheon-goingprocessofclusteringofthe100+urbanwater

utilities indistrict and small towns. This section focuses therefore, on the status of capacity

constraintswithinthekeysectorinstitutions.

MinistryofWaterandIrrigation

Allprofessionalstaff inMoWIhasa jobdescription.Building capacityisabasic aspectunder

WSDPinordertoenhanceimplementationefficiencyandtraining,asatooltoimpartnewskillsandknowledge,hasbeenofferedintheMinistryinvariouswaysincluding:longandshort-term

courses,seminarsandonthejobtraininginareassuchasprocurement.Acapacitydevelopment

framework has been developed and approved. The implementation of this framework will

overcomethecapacityconstraintsinMoWIaswellasotherkeyactorsinthewatersector.

Afunctionalandequippedworkingenvironmentisapre-requisiteforperformance.WSDPhas

therefore committed resources to ensure that it is possible to work effectively. Access totransportisoftenanotherconstrainttogettingthejobdoneandagainWSDPhas investedin

thisarea.Unfortunately,delaysin theprocurementprocesshavecausedlatedeliveryofmany

goodshowevermostitemswillbedeliveredbyDecember2009.

BasinWaterOffices

TheproposedorganizationstructureforBasinWaterOfficeshasnotyetbeenapprovedandjob

descriptions are not inplace. Onthe other handall BWOshave theirbusinessplan inplace.These plans provide a framework for the BWOs to be able to operate their activities in a

businesslikemanner.Thereiscurrentlyagapof234staffacrossthenineBWOs.AllnineBWOs

areallintheprocessofidentifyingtheirtrainingprogram.

UrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthorities

Jobdescriptionsforstaff intheauthoritiesareinplaceandoperational.On-goingprofessional

trainingforstaffinUWSSAscoverentrepreneurship,businessplanning,corporategovernance,customercare,labourlaw,customerbilling,accountingandIFRS,marketingandfinancefornon

financialstaff.Institutionalstrengtheningandcapacitybuildinginterventionsin62UWSSAsand

6NationalProjects has begun through the ACP-EU/GTZWaterFacilityCapacityBuilding for

RegionalandDistrictUrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthoritiesinTanzania.

RehabilitationofofficesandConstructionofnewofficeshasbeendelayedbecauseof theslow

procedurestoobtainlandtitledeeds.ProcurementofITandofficeequipmenthasbeendelayed

duetodelaysintheprocurementprocess.


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September2009

EnergyandWaterUtilitiesRegulatoryAuthority

TheorganizationstructureofEWURAis inplacewithafullyfunctionalBoardofDirectors.Job

descriptions for all existing posts are in place. The quality of service guidelines and annual

reportguidelinesareinplace,howeverbusinessplanguidelinesandtheclientservicecharter

guidelinesarenotinplace.ThetrainingprogramforEWURAisinplace.EWURAofficesinDaresSalaamareadequatehowevertheproposaltoestablishzoneofficesinArusha,Mwanza,Mbeya,TaboraandDodomahasnotyetbeeninitiated.

WaterDevelopmentandManagementInstitute

The former Water Resources Institute has been converted into the Water Development andManagement Institute under the Government Agency Development Programme vide

GovernmentOrder138ofAugust2008.MoWIissupportingtheWDMIinaddressingsomeofits

immediateoperationalchallenges,suchas thefillingof fourkeyposts(ChiefExecutiveOfficer,

DirectorofAdministrationandFinance,DirectorofResearchandtheDirectorofStudies)andinstrengtheningitsoperationalpoliciesandprocedures.

TheprojectonHumanResourcesandOrganisationalDevelopmentinthewatersector,which

willbuildandimprovethestatusandcapacityoftheWDMI,isbeingimplementedbyMoWIincollaborationwiththeEU-ACPWaterFacility.Theobjectivesoftheprojectaretoupdatemarket

needs,identifytrainingpotentialsandopportunitiesandtoestablishtheWDMIasacompetitive

autonomoustraininginstitution.

DrillingandDamConstructionAgency

Thestrategic plan andthe clientservice charterarein placehowevertheprocessto develop

businessplan(toservethecommercialpurposeoftheagency)andthetrainingprogramareon

going. Three senior posts (Chief Executive Officer, Technical SupportManager and BusinessSupportManager)areintheprocessofrecruitment.Procurementofvehiclesandequipmentis

atanadvancedstage.

RegionalAdministrativeSecretariats

RegionalAdministrativeSecretariatsareempoweredbytherevisedregionaladministrativeAct2007tooversee,superviseandsupportLGAs.Jobdescriptionsforwatersectorpersonnelarein

placeandarebeingusedforimplementationofWSDP.Operationalguidelinesforfacilitationand

consultation services are in placeand are beingused for supervisionand monitoringof theimplementationofsubprojectforruralwatersupply.ThemainchallengefacingtheRegional

Secretariatsistheinadequatenumberofstaffforeffectivemonitoringandsupervision.

LocalGovernmentAuthorities

The Local Government Laws and the NationalWater Sector Development Strategy give theenablingenvironmentforLGAstoprovidewatersupplyandsanitationservices.By June,2009

thereare156engineersemployedcomparedtotherequired460.The182technicianscurrently

inplacefallswellshortoftherequired1125.TheGovernmentisspearheadingtheprocessoftrainingandrecruitmentofthesepersonneltofillthegapsinLGAs.

3.5 PerformanceIndicatorsTables3.4through3.8reportonprogresswithregardtotheagreedperformanceindicatorsfor

thewaterandsanitationsector.


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September2009

Table3.4:KeySectorOutcomeIndicators

Baseline2006 Actual2007 Actual2008 Target2012SN OutcomeIndicator

Nos. % Nos. % Nos. % Nos. %

1 BWOsimplementinganapproved

integratedwaterbasinmanagementplan

2 22 2 22 2 22 6 67

2A Populationwithaccesstoimprovedrural

watersupply

17,700,000 56 18,800,000 57A 19,700,000 58 65

2B Populationwithaccesstoimprovedurban

watersupply

4,973,763 78 5,324,190 80 6,437,663 83 90

3 Householdconnectionstopipedwater

service(inurbanareas)

199,106 78 203,962 80 386,168 83 90

4A SewerageConnections 13,649 29,662 35,645 30

4B Populationwithaccesstoimproved

sanitation

14,500,000 50 15,950,000 55 74

4C Populationwithaccesstobasicsanitation 26,390,000 91 23,780,000 82 95NoteA:TheNationalBureauofStatisticsHouseholdBudgetSurvey(2007)indicatedanactualcoverageof41%

Table3.5:Component1WaterResourcesManagement(BasinLevel)

SN Indicator Unit Baseline

2006

Actual

2007

Actual

2008

Actual

2009

Target

2012

1.1 NationalWaterBoardoperational Yes/No No No No Yes Yes

1.2 BWOthatarefullystaffed Nos. 2 2 3 9

1.3 BasinswithanAnnualStatisticalBook % 22 22 22

1.4 BasinswithIWRMDevelopmentand

ManagementPlans

Nos. 0 0 0 9

1.5 Sub-catchmentcommitteesoperational Nos. 21 24 27 100%

1.6 WUAsestablishedandoperational Nos. 208 260 361 100%

1.7 BWOsthatadoptnationalsustainable

financingoptionsforIWRM.

Nos. 0 0 0 9

1.8 Watershedsgazettedasprotectedareas. Nos. 8 8 18 45

1.9 Groundwaterrechargeareaslegally

gazettedasprotectedareas

Nos. 0 0 4

(identified)

25

1.10 Smallholderirrigationschemeswith

improvedwateruseefficiency

Nos.

(%)

1454

(8%)

1495

(8.4%)

1544

(8.5%)

2726

(15%)

1.11 BWOsgranting,monitoringandenforcing

waterrightsandpollutioncontrol.

Nos. 2 3 3 9

Table3.6:Component2RuralWaterSupply


2006

Actual

2007

Actual

2008

Actual

2009

Target

2012

2.1A Newcommunitywaterpointsconstructed Nos. 2,427 2,949 3,751 37,400

2.1B Rehabilitatedcommunitywaterpoints Nos. 670 711 1,123 4,500

2.2 Watercommitteeslegallyregistered Nos. 11 14 42 65 TBD

2.3 DistrictswithDWSTs % 100 100 100 100 100%

2.4 Districtswithfully-staffedDWEsOffice Nos. 10 12 15 100%

2.5 DistrictswithWSSPlans % 0 0 0 NoteA 100%

NoteA-WSSPlanswillbepreparedthroughconsultancycontractsforalldistrictsduringFY2009/2010


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September2009

Table3.7:Component3UrbanWaterSupplyandSewerage


2006

Actual

2007

Actual

2008

Actual

2009

Target

2012

3.1 Coveragewithpotable,reliablewater Nos. 4,973,763

(78%)

5,324,190

(80%)

6,437,663

(83%)

90%

3.2A Newwaterpoints Nos. 1,197 1,656 1844 TBD

3.2B Rehabilitatedwaterpoints Nos. TBD

3.3A Meteredhouseholdwaterconnections Nos. 162,611 169,252 331,163 TBD

3.3B NonMeteredpipedhouseholdwater

connectionsinUWSSAs

Nos. 26,495 34,710 55,005 TBD

3.4 Averagehoursofwatersupplyperday Hours 17 17 18 TBD

3.5 Operatingcostcoverageratioinutilities % 0.95% 1.07% 0.92% TBD

3.6 Nonrevenue-water % 36.1 37.5 37.4 TBD

3.7 Sewerconnections Nos.

(%)

14,046

(17%)

16,060

(17%)

35,645

(18%)

30%

3.8 SchoolLatrinesretrofittedwithslabs Nos.

(%)

TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD

3.9 Householdlatrinesretrofittedwithslabs Nos. TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD

Table3.8:Component4InstitutionalStrengtheningandCapacityBuilding


2006

Actual

2007

Actual

2008

Actual

2009

Target

2012

4.1 WSWG/ThematicWorkingGroupsoperational Yes/No No Yes Yes Yes

4.2 RWSSfundstransferredthroughLGCDGsystem % 45% 80% 82% 100%

4.3 MoWIdevelopsandimplementnationalMIS Yes/No No No No Yes

4.4 Strengthenedprivatesectorcompanies,NGOs,

CBOs,andinstitutionscontributingtosector

Nos. 0 1 1 TBD


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September2009

4 Inputs4.1 MinistryofWaterandIrrigationTheMinistryofWaterandIrrigationcomprises7divisionsand6unitswith1,785posts.TheplaninFY2009/2010istorecruit125personstofillallthecurrentvacantpositions.

4.2 BasinWaterOfficesStaffingcapacityremainsakeychallengewithintheBWOs.InFY2008/2009anadditional48

staffwererecruited however fromTable4.1 it is clearthateven the plannedadditional 234

personstobehiredinFY2009/2010willstillleavetheBWOsunder-staffed.

Table4.1:BasinWaterOfficesActualStaffingLevelsAgainstRequirements

StaffCategory

Professionals Technicians

Hydrology

Technicians

Hydrogeology

Technicians

WaterQuality

Technicians

Works

SupportStaff

BasinWaterOffice

Actual Vacant Actual Vacant Actual Vacant Actual Vacant Actual Vacant Actual Vacant

BWOInternalDrainage 3 9 5 6 7 3 6 0 4 0 4 10

BWOLakeNyasa 3 9 3 10 3 10 2 6 6 0 31 10

BWOLakeRukwa 5 10 4 14 3 14 4 14 1 12 19 32

BWOLakeTanganyika 3 8 7 7 6 6 0 0 4 0 17 33

BWOLakeVictoria 12 18 22 5 14 6 17 4 2 0 12 13

BWOPangani 8 8 19 5 11 2 8 4 32 0 41 89

BWORufiji 4 19 23 83 13 20 0 7 10 0 33 122

BWORuvuma 5 13 5 6 8 3 2 10 0 3 15 33

BWOWami/Ruvu 8 7 12 4 5 7 0 6 5 3 11 29

Total 51 101 100 140 70 71 39 51 64 18 183 371

Source:DivisionofWaterResources,MoWI

4.3 LocalGovernmentAuthoritiesThenumberofwatersectorstaffintheLGAsisabout30%oftherequired(Table4.2).MoWIand

PMO-RALGaremakingeffortstoaddresstheshortfallinFY2009/2010.Thisisaconcerngiven

theon-goingprogramtobuildwaterschemesin1,320villages.

Table4.2:WaterTechnicalStaffatLGALevel(MinimumRequirements)

Technicalfield RequiredStaff HiredStaff Shortage

Water/CivilEngineers 396 107 289

Mechanical/ElectricalEngineers 132 0 132

EnvironmentalEngineers 132 30 102

CommunityDevelopmentOfficers 132 11 121

Water/CivilTechnicians 1125 182 943

Mechanical/ElectricalTechnicians 132 0 132

LaboratoryTechnician 132 0 132

AssistantTechniciansinallwaterrelatedfields 1349 329 1020

Total 3530 659 2871

Source:MajiInformationSystemDatabase(August2009)

4.4 UrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthoritiesCategoryAandBUWSSAsdonotrelyonsubsidiestopaysalariesandemploystaffinresponse

to demand to improve productivity: thereby creating the possibility for better employmentpackagesthatsupportfurtherproductivityincreases.SupportforCategoryCUWSSAs,toeither

lowerstafflevelsorincreaserevenuesisneededtogetthemontoaviablecommercialbasis.


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September2009

Inadditiontothe19regionalUWSSAs,thereare107authoritieswithregisteredwaterboards.

Thestaffingconsequences,arisingfromincorporatingthese107authoritiesintothe19regionalUWSSAsaredescribedinthedraftfeasibilityreportonclustering.

4.5

ThePrivateSectorTheNationalWaterPolicystipulatesthattotheextentpossible;works,servicesandgoodsareto

beprocuredfromandundertakenthroughcontractualarrangementsbytheprivatesector.The

institutional framework and water legislation also identify the private sector as activeparticipantsintheimplementationofWSDP.Beyondtheobviousengagementofcontractors(for

works)andtheprocurementofconsultantsfordesignandsupervisionservices,theGovernment

hasbeenengagingtheprivatesectortodevelopanddelivercapacitybuildingactivities;andto

supportcommunitiestomanagetheirwaterschemes

4.6 DevelopmentPartnersTheWaterSectorreceivesfinancialsupportfromDevelopmentPartnersthroughgeneralbudget

support,thewatersectorbasket,earmarkedfundsanddirectandindirecttechnicalassistance.Thesectoralsoreceivedfinancialassistancefromlocalandinternationalreligiousinstitutions,

CBOs,NGOsandCSOs.Box4.1providesalistoftheorganisationscurrentlysupportingthewatersector.SnapshotsforsomeoftheseorganisationsareprovidedinBoxes4.2to4.9.

Box4.1:OrganisationsSupportingtheWaterSector

AfricanDevelopmentBank AfricanMedicalResearchFoundation

AfricanReliefCommitteeofKuwait AgenceFranaisedeDeveloppement(AFD)

AnglicanChurch AssociationCooperationRuralAfrica

BelgianTechnicalCooperation CARITAS

CatholicAgencyforOverseasAidandDevelopment CatholicChurch

CentralMondialitaSivillioppoReciproco ClintonHIVAidsInitiative

ConcernTanzania DepartmentforInternationalDevelopment(DFID)

DeutscheGesellschaftfrTechnischeZusammenarbeit(GTZ) DistrictAgriculturalDevelopmentSupport

EngineerswithoutBorders EuropeanUnion

FarmAfrica InternationalFundforAgriculturalDevelopment

InternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN) JapanInternationalCooperationAgency(JICA)

KoreaInternationalCooperationAgency LayVolunteersInternationalAssociation

KreditanstaltfrWiederaufbau(KfW) LutheranChurch

PlanInternational SNVNetherlandsDevelopmentOrganisation

SouthKoreaEmbassy SouthernHighlandsParticipatoryOrganization

TanzaniaSocialActionFund Tanzania/JapanFoodAidCounterpartFundTheWorldBank UNCHS(Habitat)

UNICEF UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme

UnitedNationsHighCommissionforRefugees WahamasishajiwaMaji,MaendeleonaAfya

WaterAid WorldIslamicPropagatorandHumanitarianServices

WorldVision WorldWideFundforNature

Box4.2:AgenceFranaisedeDeveloppement(AFD)

AFDcurrentlysupportthefinancingoftwomajorurbanprojectswithacombinedbudgetofEUR13million.AFDisin

thefinalstagesofpreparingitsnewfinancingtothewatersectorthroughthebasketfundtosupporttheWSDP.This

supportwillbeintheformofaconcessionalloanofEUR30millionwithaEUR500,000grantfortechnicalassistance

intheareaofsectorperformancemonitoring.


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September2009

Box4.3:DeutscheGesellschaftfrTechnischeZusammenarbeitGmbH(GTZ)

TheGTZprogram(incooperationwithKfWandDED)willrununtil2015atacostofEUR15millionandisactive

withinfourbroadthematicareas:

1.Institutionalandlegalreforms.

2.RegulationofcommerciallyoperatedUrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthorities.3.Improvementofwatersupplyandsanitaryprovisioninlow-incomeurbanareas.

4.CapacitybuildingforUrbanWaterSupplyandSewerageAuthorities(throughEUcombinedfinancing).

Box4.4:JapanInternationalCooperationAgency(JICA)

JICAson-goingapprovedprojectsinTanzaniainclude:

1.TheStudyonRuralWaterSupplyinTaboraRegion.

2.TheProjectforWaterSupplyDevelopmentaroundtheMetropolitanAreaofDaresSalaam.

3.TheProjectforRuralWaterSupplyinMwanzaandMaraRegions.

4.TheRuralWaterSupplyandSanitationCapacityDevelopmentProject.

5.TheProjectforWaterResourcesManagementCapacityDevelopmentinWami/RuvuBasin.

JICAprovidestechnicalassistancetoBWOstostrengthentheirregulatoryandmonitoringcapacity.

Box4.5:KreditanstaltfrWiederaufbau(KfW)

KfWprovideco-financingtocommercialwatersupplyandsewerageauthoritiesthrougharegionalcentresprogram

(Iringa,MbeyaandMwanza)andaseventownsupgradingprogram.Through3earmarkedprojectsinthecommunity

watersupplyandsanitationsector,KfWprovidesEUR23millionforinvestmentsandtechnicalassistance.KfWisa

majorcontributortothewaterbasket(EUR57millionovertheperiod20072012)andisalsomandatedbythe

NetherlandsGovernmenttomanageafurtherEUR50millionovertheperiod20092012.

Box4.6:SNVNetherlandsDevelopmentOrganisation

SNVisfundedbytheNetherlandsGovernmentandprovidescapacitydevelopmenttoclientswithafocuson:

1.Improvingthefunctionalityofexistingwaterpoints(throughwaterpointmapping,incollaborationwithWaterAid)

2.Supporttoschoolwater,sanitationandhygieneactivities(incollaborationwithUnicefandWaterAid)

3.CapacitybuildinginIWRMinPanganiandWami/Ruvubasins(incollaborationwithIUCN)

Box4.7:UNICEF

UNICEFprovidessectorsupporttofacilitatelinkagesbetweenthefourkeyministriesinthewatersectorandother

actorsactiveinthewatersectorinareassuchas:schoolWASH;nationaladvocacyforsanitationandhygieneevents;

emergencyWASH;andhouseholdwatertreatment.UNICEFisalsosupporting:theprocessfordevelopmentof the

NationalSanitationandHygienePolicy;theinter-ministerialagreementforsanitationandhygiene;thedevelopment

ofadraftstrategicplanforSchoolWASHandtheNationalSteeringCommitteeforSanitationandHygiene.UNICEF

alsomanagesfundsfortheimplementationofactivitiesundertakenthroughLGAsandthroughNGOpartners.

Box4.8:WaterAid

WaterAidhasbeen inTanzania since1983andworkswithawiderangeoflocalpartnerorganisations including

churchgroups,municipalanddistrictcouncils,localdevelopmentorganisationsandtheprivatesectortoreachthose

communitiesmostinneed. In2008theTanzaniaWaterandSanitationCivilSocietyNetwork(TAWASANET)was

formedwithWaterAid'ssupporttoinfluencecommitmentstowaterandsanitation..

Box4.9:WorldBankWaterandSanitationProgram

TheWater & Sanitation Program (WSP) isassisting the government inpromoting ruralhygiene and sanitation

improvementsnationallyandinincreasingWSSservicestotheurbanpoor.WSPisalsoprovidingindepthtechnical

assistance to10 learning districts in the preparation and use ofWSDP sanitation and hygiene budgets and the

implementation of sanitation marketing activities such as community lead total sanitation, promotion of latrine

upgrading,masontrainingandhandwashingwithsoap.


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September2009

5 Organisation5.1 WaterSectorCoordinationWSDP coordination is undertaken through four thematic working groups on: planning andfinance;performancemonitoring;sanitation andhygiene;andcapacitybuilding.MoWI chairs

thegroupsandmembersincludestafffromtheconcernedMoWIdivisionsandunitsaswellas

representatives from the development partners with relevant experience for each group. InordertomaketheTWGsmoreeffective,MoWIintendstoholdmonthlyratherthanbi-monthly

meetingson everylastFridayofthemonth.The agenda foreachTWGwillbedefinedin the

previousmonthlymeeting,timeboundoutputswillbeagreedandreportedonamonthlybasis,

MinutesfromTWGmeetingswillbecirculatedthedayfollowingthemeetingandconsolidated

minutesforallfourTWGswillbefinalisedwithin5workingdays.

TheWaterSectorWorkingGroup(WSWG)willcontinuetomeetquarterly(onthethirdMonday

of each quarter) in order that progress reports and intermediate financial reports can bepresentedforthepreviousquarter.Toreflectthedecision-makingforumoftheWSWG,MoWI

intendstorestructurethegrouptoenhancetheeffectivenessofdecision-making.

5.2 PromotingImprovedHygienePracticeandHouseholdSanitationAtthecommunityanddistrictlevel,theDistrictWaterandSanitationTeamareresponsiblefor

theimplementationofsanitation.AtthecentralleveltheMinistryofHealthandSocialWelfareistheleadMinistrybutthereareotheractorswhoalsocollaboratetocontributetothesettargets.

MoWI,MoHSWandotherpartnerscontinuetomakeeffortstoalignandharmonizesanitation

and hygiene promotion. The Agreement AmongPMO-RALG, MoHSW,MoWI,MoEVT for the

Integrated ImplementationofSanitationandHygieneActivities in theMainlandof theUnitedRepublic of Tanzania will provide a framework to facilitate inter-Ministerial coordination,

cooperationandharmonizationintheimplementationofsanitationandhygieneactivities.The

developmentofaNationalSanitationandHygienePolicywillprovideabasisforaction.

National agencies through steering committees are also preparing sanitation promotionmaterialsforuseatLGAlevel.KeyadvocacyeventssuchasGlobalHandWashingDayandWorld

ToiletDay,tobemarkedinOctoberandNovember2009,areplanned/executedincollaboration.

5.3 ProcurementofGoods,ServicesandWorksBottlenecksintheprocurementprocesshavebeencitedthroughoutthisstatusreportandhave

delayedmostoftheplannedactivitieswiththeresultthatexpenditureoverthefirsttwoyearsof

WSDP implementationhasbeensignificantlyless thanplanned.With hindsightattempting toprocure132priorreviewconsultancycontractsthrough132LGAs(unfamiliarwithWorldBank

procurementprocedures)toaninternationalbestpracticestandardwasperhapstooambitious.Howevertheimplementingpartnershave learntvaluableexperience andit isexpected there

willbeimprovementinthenextroundsofprocurement.

Ontheotherhandquitesignificantdelayswerecausedinobtainingth

Documents

2009 Water Sector Status Report