2 November-Update

8/3/2019 2 November-Update

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HK AND

MAINLANDA RELATION WITH COMPLEXITY


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Gary Wong


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OUTLINE

INTRODUCTION

A Metaphorical Story, An adopted son and the Reunionafter years of Seperation?

EXAMPLES illustrating the complicated relations

Political

Economic

Social

CONCLUSION


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WHAT IS THE RELATION

BETWEEN THEM?


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A METAPHORICAL

STORY

A Chinese kid was adopted by a Britishfamily?

Years of Separation Upbringing, Parenting, Guardianship in

British, Western Style?

Reunion bringsproblems?


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WHAT PROBLEMS

COMPLICATE THIS

RELATION?

Congruence OR Incongruence?

Convergence OR Divergence?

Independence OR Interdependence?

Getting to know each other? In way way?

Getting along with each other?

How to develop mutual trust?

Emotional link? Any?

Benefiting each other?/Taking advantages of each other?


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FROM A POLITICAL

PERSPECTIVE

One Country, Two Systems - Basic Law & its interpretations

From the past till the present:

(i) 4 June incident

(ii) 1 July 2003 March

(iii) 5-district Referendum

(iv) Chief Executive election

Louise Lam


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ONE COUNTRY, TWO

SYSTEMS

Proposed by Deng Xiaoping, a leader of PRC

Basic Law as a constitutional document of HK


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BASIC LAW

Art 5: The socialist system and policies shall not be practisedin the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and theprevious capitalist system and way of life shall remainunchanged for 50 years

Art 12: The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shallbe a local administrative region of the Peoples Republic of

China, which shall enjoy a high degree of autonomyandcome directly under the Central Peoples Government


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BASIC LAW

The Court of Final Appeal in Hong Kong has the power offinal adjudication

The Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congresshas the power of final interpretationof the Basic Law.


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FOUR INTERPRETATIONS

OF THE BASIC LAW BY

NPCSC

1st: Ng Ka Ling v Director of Immigration in 1999

2nd: Universal suffrage in 2007 & 2008

3rd : The term of the new Chief Executive in 2004

4th : Democratic Republic of Congo v FG HemisphereAssociates LLC in 2011


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1ST INTERPRETATION

CFA ruled that children of parents who have the right ofabode in Hong Kong also have the right of abode,irrespective of whether the parents are permanent residentsat the time of their birth

HK govt sought interpretation of Basic Law on Art 22 & 24

NPCSC overturned the decision of CFA


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POLITICAL & LEGAL

SIGNIFICANCE

The decisions made by CFA are not final

NPCSC has overriding power on CFA

China has controlling power in HK on controversial issues


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2ND INTERPRETATION

Pan-democrats call for double universal suffrage of ChiefExecutive and Legislative Council in 2007 & 2008

NPCSC initiate interpretations of Basic Law Annex I & II bystipulating procedures to change electoral methods

Former CE, Tung Chee Hwa followed the new procedure


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POLITICAL & LEGAL

SIGNIFICANCE

China can amend the Basic Law easily in the name ofinterpretation

China fears democracy in HK is developing too fast & newCE elected by people does not act accordance to Chinas will

China controls the pace of democratization of HK by refusingdouble universal suffrage in 2007 & 2008


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(I) 4 JUNE INCIDENT

In 1989, Hu Yaobang, a party official calling for politicalliberalization died

Protests broke out in many large cities in China

Students gathered in Tiananmen Square in Beijing toencourage continued economic liberalizations & politicalreform

4 June, Peoples Liberation Army used tanks & troops & life

fire to clear the area of protestors

Communist Party banned protests & arrested protestors inChina since then


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POLITICAL

SIGNIFICANCE

Communist Party refused to admit massacre of its peopleuntil now

Sino-British Joint Declaration was signed in 1985, statingsovereignty of HK transferred from Britain to China

HK people feared freedom in HK would be infringed afterhandover to China, causing massive emigration of HK people


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(II) 1 JULY 2003 MARCH

Largest-scaled protest in HK since 1997

HK govt proposed a bill to restrict freedom of HK people &

their rights

Pan-democrats initiated protest & 0.5 million protested forabolition of Basic Law Art 23

HK government shelved laws in view of strong opposition

Opposition of people in HK imposed threat to China


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(III) 5-DISTRICT REFERENDUM

Initiated by Civic Party & League of Social Democrats tooppose to HK govts 2010 constitutional reform package

Referendum was contravening Basic Law

5 LegCo members resigned & were elected backThreat to China for using democratic means to oppose to

govt proposals


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(IV) CHIEF EXECUTIVE

ELECTION

Candidates running for 2017 CE election: Henry Tang & CYLeung

CE was elected by Election Committee of 1200 people,members of Election Committee are not elected by general

public

New CE needs to win the support of HK people AND obtainthe approval of the Central Peoples Government

VS


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REMARKS

Interacting forces between HK & China

Under the framework of One Country, Two Systems

China exerted controlling power over HKHK sought to respond/resist to Chinas

controlling power


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ANECONOMIC

ASPECTELVIS TSE


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MAINLAND AND HONG KONGCLOSER ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIPARRANGEMENT (CEPA)

- Free trade agreementbetween Mainland and HK

- Main text, 6 annexes, 6supplements


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CEPA- opens up huge markets for HK goods &services

- adopts a building block approach

- win-win agreement

To HK: HK businesses to gain greateraccess to the Mainland market

To Mainland: Mainland enterprises toreach out to the global market


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CEPA3 broad areas

-Trade in goods

-Trade in services

-Trade and Investment facilitation


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MAINLAND ENTERPRISE

AND HK

A-share listing

- Mainland companies listed in HK: 42%of all listed companies in HK

- Market capitalization of Mainlandcompanies listed in HK: 57% of all

- HK finance closely related to Mainlandfinancial market


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INDIVIDUAL VISIT SCHEME

- Exit-Entry Permit for Travelling to andfrom Hong Kong and Macao,

- Travelling on individual basis

- More and more cities included in thescheme


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INDIVIDUAL VISIT SCHEME

- A rise in the tourism, thus employment rate:

1. Immediate in the no. of Mainland visitors

Oct 1 ; May 1; New Year Golden Week2. 'positive by-product' to attract overseas

travelers to HK

- A rise in investment:

the authorized saving of renminbi in HK


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MEDICAL AND EDUCATIONAL HUB

- Influx of ppl to enjoy ourmedical and educational

services

- 2009/10 Policy Address: newindustries


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COMPETITION WITH SHANGHAI

- Arouse HKs sense ofcompetition with Shanghai

- More incentive to remain

HKs uniqueness as a worldcity


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Ultimate goal: win-winBUT

Contradiction


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MEDICAL RESOURCES

INSUFFICIENCY

- Too many mothers-to-be fromMainland to give birth here

- Insufficient measures toprevent them coming

- Long-term, using too much ofour public resources


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ZERO-CHARGE TOURIST GROUP

- Zero travelling fee

- Commission from forced-shopping

- Impolite tourist guide

Tourist guide Chuen


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SHOPPING SPREE

- HK products: guaranteed quality

- Food necessities & electronic gadgets

- Huge revenue

- Huge consumption shortage

- Market price - Affect livelihood of HK ppl


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REAL ESTATE- Investment in luxurious residential andcommercial units

- Boost the demand thereby market price

- Developers construct more luxurious flatsand less ordinary flats

- Less HK ppl can afford

WORRY

e.g. Wenzhou tourists


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GREY PRODUCTS

New industry?

Milk powder

Electronic gadgets

By Mainland commuter

By local ppl (including students and elderly)

Poor security, esp. Sheung Shui areas


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Chang Chen


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WHERE DOSE HK IDENTITY COME

FROM?

Cut the connection with mainland

Anxiety and Uncertainty for the future:

Sense of priority brought by rising economyand advanced society

HK Identity: largely the legacy of Chinese

values hybridized with the British imposedrituals and norms.


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TRANSITION AFTER HANDOVER TILL NOW

Survey Data:

Source: Negotiating Local and National Identifications: Hong Kong Identity,

Surveys 1996-2006

The most prominent category: Hongkongers but also

Chinese

Strong desire to be both HongKongers and Chinese,

reflecting dual nature of Hong Kong/Chinese identity.


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Patriotism:

News: Compulsory patriotic education in primary andsecondary school: It stirs up fear of political brainwashingamong the public

Evidence: Misperceptions and Distrust


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Patriotism:

I want to argue that the patriotic educationshould not be blamed for the reasons:

(i) international norm to cultivate citizenslove for the nation

(ii) Loving the nation do not equals to

support the party.



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Segregation/Discrimination: a sense of priority

Capitalism is more advanced

Image of mainlanders: rich but less-cultivated, rude

Issues: Golden week, purchase largeamount of milk powder, pregnant women



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Segregation/Discrimination: a sense of priority

Lack of morality and responsibility, China need deeper

social reform

, a poorgirl little was leftto death on theroad after a hit-and-run by twocars, none of the18 people whopast by helpedher



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HOW TO ACHIEVE A STABLE HK IDENTITY, THUS ASTABLE RELATIONSHIP WITH MAINLAND?

---FROM HK PERSPECTIVE

Adjust HKs position to fit in China: HK identity would

remain strong.

More opportunities than threats: Build mutual trust.

Communicationhelp to eliminate misperceptions:

More mainland student come to study in HK,

exchange to mainland,The 2011-12 Policy Address


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Do not push HK to accept Chinese identity: a

unique HK identity would also benefit China byincreasing its diversity.

Embrace social and political reform: increasethe quality of population by education.

HOW TO ACHIEVE A STABLE HK IDENTITY, THUS A

STABLE RELATIONSHIP WITH MAINLAND?

---FROM MAINLAND PERSPECTIVE


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After the train crash in Wenzhou,

China, please stop your flying pace, wait for yourpeople, wait for your soul, wait for your morality, waitfor your conscience! Dont let the train run out off track,dont let the bridges collapse, dont let the roadsbecome traps, dont let houses become ruins. Walkslowly, allowing every life to have freedom and dignity.

No one should be left behind by our era.Mainland dose exist social problems, which need

our efforts. It would take a long time to increase thequality of the population through education.

HOW TO ACHIEVE A STABLE HK IDENTITY, THUS A

STABLE RELATIONSHIP WITH MAINLAND?

---FROM HK PERSPECTIVE


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Conclusion:

Under the change of both HK

and China, a stable HK identitywould contribute to a healthier

relations with mainland.


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CONCLUSION- CHANGE

AND CONTINUITY

A relation with contradictions and complexity.

Opportunities or challenges?

Path to democracy? Impetus or obstacle?

One Country Two System SAR Hong Kong Province?

50 years no change?


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Hong Kong people rule HK? Autonomy MoreIntervention?

Secured position of Hong Kong? Replaced byShanghai?

HK Chinese, Hong Kongers

Chinese?


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LAST QUESTIONS

Will Hong Kongbe more HongKong?

Will Hong Kong

be moreChina?


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END

Presented By

Louise

Chen Chang

Elvis

Gary

Documents

2 November-Update