1984Background Information on the

Author and the Book

Who wrote 1984?

George Orwell

The Author – George Orwell

Born in 1903 in India, grew up in England

After school at Eton, joined civil service

Was a sergeant in the police force in Burma

Saw British imperialism first-hand in India (He was appalled at the oppression he witnessed.)

Chose to live among the lower classes for one year

Became a socialist, moved to Spain, was kicked out by Communist Party

In 1945 wrote Animal Farm, a political satire

1984 was later published in 1949

He considered himself a democratic socialist and was critical of communism

He hated intellectuals, lying, cruelty, political authority, and totalitarianism

He strongly opposed Stalin and Hitler – was very outspoken during WWII

Orwell’s Political Views

The political concept that the citizen should be totally subject to an absolute state authority

A system or condition of society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the state (USSR)

A system of government in which a single authoritarian party controls state-owned means of production (Nazi)

What was going on in the world at the

time? (1940’s)

So what is the book about?

And why is there an eye on the cover?

Warning!!!!!!!!!! A novel of

psychological terror that warns us about a future where the government controls everything and individual rights are taken away

The novel was a response to Totalitarian governments (Stalin, Hitler, Mussolini, etc.)

Warning!!!!!!!!!! Of what could happen in the future

based on the atrocities and dictators that gained power in WWII

The rise of totalitarian governments The use of science and technology

to regulate or brainwash society The distortion of truth through

rhetoric The restriction of individual

freedoms

Is it real? The world of 1984 is a

negative utopia – a dystopia

The main character, Winston Smith, tries to rebel against society

He begins his rebellion with the simple act of writing in his journal – which is illegal

a perfect society gone wrong

What is the world of 1984 Like? All citizens are

monitored by telescreens which are present in all homes and workplaces

The government is represented by Big Brother, a figure who “Sees everything”

More… Laws are enforced

by the Thought Police, who arrest and “vaporize” anyone who even thinks disruptive thoughts

History is constantly rewritten so that the predictions of Big Brother will never be wrong

Citizens are constantly asked to show their allegiance by engaging in rallies and meetings to support Big Brother

Hatred for the enemies of Big Brother is encouraged through the use of propaganda

The society of Oceania is constantly at war with other countries --- or so Big Brother says.

A few terms from 1984

Doublethink – the ability to believe two contradictory things at the same time

Newspeak – the language of Oceania

Ingsoc – Oceania’s form of government

Thought crime – thinking anti-party thoughts

Inner Party/Outer party – those closest to Big Brother and those on the outside

Proles – the lower classes who live in a separate part of the city

Themes

Alienation Love Individuality/Freedom

of Thought and Speech

Governmental Control Appearance vs.

Reality