1500-1650

Henry Tudor defeats Richard III and assumes the throne as King Henry VII. (1485)

During his reign, exploratory expeditions penetrated North America and established English claims to the land.

When Henry VII died, his son Henry became king. (1509)

Skilled athleteDashingly handsomePossessed a magnetic personalityExcellent dancerSkilled musicianSpoke French, Italian, and educated in LatinLoyal subjectsDefied the Roman Catholic Church Womanizer

Second Wife of Henry VIIIMother to Queen Elizabeth 1Henry VIII divorced his first wife to marry

Ann, thus defying the Catholic Church and making England a Protestant country.

Ann could never produce a male heir for Henry.

Ann was accused of adultery and beheaded.

Edward VI, Henry’s only son , became king.Mother: Jane Seymour, Henry’s third wifeEdward died in 1553

Took the throne after EdwardWas CatholicDaughter of Henry’s 1st wife, Catherine of

AragonCalled “Bloody Mary” due to various raids

held against ProtestantsFell ill and died on November 17, 1558.

Unwanted daughter of Henry and Anne Boleyn Ascended to the throne in 1558Ruled triumphantly for 50 yearsBrilliant scholarHeadstrongExercised absolute monarchy, while remaining

sensitive to public opinion, and respectful of the forms of Parliamentary Government.

Religion: middle of the road Protestant High church: which was similar to Roman Catholic Church Low church: Protestants

Never married, known as “Virgin Queen”Always left the possibility of marriage open to

make the public happyFor 25 years, privately funded pirate raids on

the Spanish fleet while publicly apologizing to Spain for the unlawful acts of these sea dogs

Eventually English destroyed Spanish Armada, which established Elizabeth as the leader of the strongest nation in Europe

In the movie trailer, look for the following…

The depiction of Elizabeth as the powerful leader she in fact was

Her loss for love through Sir Raleigh, (this was one of the many)

The conflict and victory with SpainMary of Scots, (the very pale looking lady),

who was sentenced to death because she was thought to have ordered the assassination of the queen

FamilyMany parents were forced to remarry due to the

death of spouses.About 34.4% of deaths were children ten and

under(Wrightson 105).Daily Life

Work until sun up to sun downNot much trash, everything was reused or given to

animals to eat.Everyone had a job, even the pets. For example,

cats helped limit the vermin population and dogs helped herd sheep.

Baths were rare, because without modern plumbing, one would have to carry well water to his or her house.

Homes did not have bathrooms, instead, people used outhouses during the day. At night, people relied on chamber pots (large ceramic bowls or wooden buckets with covers).

In only well managed urban areas, were there designated gutters or ditches to dispose of such waste.

At times, if a residence was located several stories from the ground, one would just dump his or her chamber pots outside the window. Sometimes, the contents would fall on a misfortunate passerby.

Between December 1592 and December 1593 around 11,000 of the 200,000 in London died of the plague.

Other illnesses included influenza, and measles.

Even though Romeo and Juliet were married at a young age, the average age for marriage during the Renaissance was very similar to today’s age(McDonald 268).

Marriages among the wealthy were often arranged to help better the family.

However the average young adult chose his or her own spouse.

Divorce was not an option. Between childhood and adulthood most individuals were

servants (all families, except extremely poor, had servants).

Besides servants, some young men took on apprenticeships.