ANATOMY OF EAR

ANATOMY OF EARdr. Ika WaraztutyDepartement of Anatomi-HistologyFaculty of MedicineSyiah Kuala University

1

AURIS EXTERNAAuricula : Daun Telinga

Meatus acusticus externus: Liang Telinga

AURICULA (PINNA)Auricula cartilago, except lobeCollects soundHelps in sound localizationMost efficient in directing high frequency sounds to the eardrum

Outer Ear Hearing DisordersDown SyndromeEars small and low setFetal Alcohol SyndromeDeformed earsDiGeorge syndromeLow set ears

8External Auditory Canal = Meatus Acusticus Externus (MAE)

S shapedLined with cerumen glandsOuter 1/3rd cartilage; inner 2/3rds mastoid boneIncreases sound pressure at the tympanic membrane by as much as 5-6 dB (due to acoustic resonance)

KELAINAN

AURIS MEDIA

Membran TympaniRuangan-ruangan:Cavum tympaniRecessus tympanicusAnthrum mastoideumOssicula auditiva:MaleusIncus stapesTuba auditivaMiddle Ear Muscles

12Tympanic Membrane

Thin membraneForms boundary between outer and middle earVibrates in response to soundChanges acoustical energy into mechanical energy

KELAINAN

17The Ossicular ChainA: MalleusB: IncusC: StapesOssicles are smallest bones in the bodyFootplate of stapes enters oval window of the cochlea

Middle Ear MusclesTensor tympaniAttached to malleusInnervated by V, trigeminal nerveStapediusAttached to stapesInnervated by VII, facial nerveMiddle Ear Muscle Function:Help maintain ossicles in proper positionProtect inner ear from excessive sound levels When ear exposed to sound levels above 70 dB, the muscles contract, decreasing amount of energy transferred to inner ear This protective reflex termed "acoustic reflex"

19Eustachian Tube

Lined with mucous membrane; connects middle ear to back of the throat (nasopharynx)Equalizes air pressureNormally closed except during yawning or swallowingNot a part of the hearing process

AURIS INTERNA

Inner EarAuditory

VestibularVestibular semicircular canals utricle and sacculeCochlear

AURIS INTERNALABIRINTUS MEMBRANOSAVESTIBULUM (bagian tengah labirin osseus)KOKLEA (RUMAH SIPUT)KANALIS SEMISIRKULARIS.Tda : KSS superior , inferior et posterior, dan lateralis.UTRIKULUSSAKULUSDUCTUS SEMISIRKULARISDUCTUS KOKLEARIS

23COCHLEACochlea - Snail-shaped organ with a series of fluid-filled tunnels; converts mechanical energy into electrical energy

CochleaWithin the cochlea are three canals:Scala Vestibuli Scala TympaniScala Media

Ductus 2,5 lingkaranStruktur kokhlea

Membran basal terdapat sel rambut dengan stereosiliaMembran tectorial diatas sel rambutGetaran suara menyebabkan sel rambut bergerak dan menyentuh membrana tectorial menyebabkan transduksi

Organ Korti

Organ of Corti

Kompleks vestibulumKompleks vestibulum

VestibulumSacculusUtriculusStatic equilibriumTiga semicircular canals dengan ampullae (mutually perpendicular)Linear acceleration

Orientasi perpendicularAnteriorPosteriorLateralMasing2 punya ampullaCrista ampullaris bends

Canalis semisirkularis

GETARAN SUARA GELOMBANG SUARATELINGA LUARMEMBRANA TIMPANI BERGETARINKUS, STAPEDIUS, MALEUS BERGETAR (GELOMBANG SUARA DI AMPLIFIKASI (DIKUATKAN)FENESTRA VESTIBULUM CAIRAN PERILIMFE ENDOLIMFE - UJUNG2 SARAF DLM ORGAN KORTI SSP INTERPRETASI BUNYI ATAU SUARAPROSES PENDENGARAN

JARAS PENDENGARAN

COCHLEA (CAB. N-VII)N.COCHLEARISPADA BGN MEDULLA

COLLICULUS INFERIOR PDARAH YANG BERLAWANANKE THALAMUS CORTEKS AUDITORY

Pinna & MAE 1/3 luar: n.Mandibularis (N V/3), n.Auricularis mayor, minor, cab.n.X, cab.n.IXMAE 2/3 dalam : n.FacialTuba Auditiva : plexus thympanicus dari n.VII & IXM.Stensor Tympani : n.Mandibularis (N V/3), M.Stapedius :n. FacialisINERVASI

Telinga luar : cab.Auriculo temporal a.temporalisTelinga tengah dan dalam : a,Maxillaris ext, a.labirinthys cab.a.cerebelarisVASKULARISASI