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10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel
BAM2013 Conference Managing to Make a Difference
10th - 12th September 2013 - Liverpool, UK
Why Storytelling Helps Develop Personal Development Goals in Cross-Cultural Environments
Dr Peter Sharp
Regent’s University [email protected]
0207 487 7725
Dr Ursula Schinzel
United Business Institutes UBI 00352.621.322.543
[email protected] www.ursula-schinzel.com
BAM2013 Conference Managing to Make a Difference
10th - 12th September 2013 - Liverpool, UK
Why Storytelling Helps Develop Personal Development Goals in Cross-Cultural Environments
Dr Peter Sharp
Regent’s University [email protected]
0207 487 7725
Dr Ursula Schinzel
United Business Institutes UBI 00352.621.322.543
[email protected] www.ursula-schinzel.com
1
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel
IntroductionIntroduction Research FocusResearch Focus Literature ReviewLiterature Review MethodologyMethodology Presentation of Primary Data Presentation of Primary Data
(Quantitative and Qualitative)(Quantitative and Qualitative) Discussion and ConclusionDiscussion and Conclusion
Outline of PresentationOutline of Presentation
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10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel
IntroductionIntroduction
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World in recession but at same time huge World in recession but at same time huge numbers finding new work (Bolles 2011)numbers finding new work (Bolles 2011)
Understanding ourselves and devising suitable Understanding ourselves and devising suitable personal development plans is critical for people personal development plans is critical for people from all nations.from all nations.
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel
Introduction (ctd)Introduction (ctd)Previous research shows that Previous research shows that storytelling helps devise suitable storytelling helps devise suitable personal development plans (PDP) personal development plans (PDP) (e.g. Sharp 2011)(e.g. Sharp 2011)
This research focuses on a question This research focuses on a question that takes this research furtherthat takes this research further
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10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 5
Why does Storytelling Help Develop Personal Development Goals in Cross-Cultural Environments?
Research Focus
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 6
The LIFE TechniqueThe LIFE TechniqueFigure 1 Four Stages of the LIFE Technique
(developed from Sharp 2011)
Stage 1 Tell Personal Story
Stage 2 Prioritise Skills
Stage 3 Create Flower Profile
Stage 4 Draft Profile Statement
Uneven edge indicates subjective nature of this process for participants
Uneven lines indicate written work and revision done by
participants
Literature Review
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 7
Literature Review: focus
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel
Literature ReviewLiterature Review: : Storytelling in OrganisationsStorytelling in Organisations
Wide range of uses in and outside Wide range of uses in and outside organisations including communicating organisations including communicating complex ideas, problem-solving, decision-complex ideas, problem-solving, decision-making, planning, stating organisation norms, making, planning, stating organisation norms, values and culture (e.g. Boyce 1996, Gill 2001, values and culture (e.g. Boyce 1996, Gill 2001, Denning 2002, Boje 2008) and developing Denning 2002, Boje 2008) and developing personal profiles (e.g. Sharp 2011)personal profiles (e.g. Sharp 2011)
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10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel
Personal Planning Profiling Techniques using Storytelling
Individual’s Viewpoint
Organisation’s Needs
Time to Conduct Technique
Lifetime?
5 hours
20 mins
Personal Storytelling (Clare 2003)
CPD / personal coaching (e.g. Eales-White 2002)
Career Counselling (e.g. Baruch 1999)
Career Development Workshops (e.g. Stevens 1996)
LIFE (Sharp 2011)
STAR stories (Salpeter 2008)
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel
Storytelling and Cross-Cultural Storytelling and Cross-Cultural EnvironmentsEnvironments
Culture: collective programming of the mind…Culture: collective programming of the mind…through influence of family, neighbourhood, through influence of family, neighbourhood, school, youth groups, workplace and living school, youth groups, workplace and living community (Hofstede community (Hofstede et al. et al. 2010)2010)
Wide variety of issues / theory relating to Wide variety of issues / theory relating to culture that impact human resource culture that impact human resource managementmanagement
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Storytelling may be one way to address some Storytelling may be one way to address some of these challenges in the area of personal of these challenges in the area of personal development planningdevelopment planning
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel
Why Storytelling may Help Why Storytelling may Help address challenges regarding address challenges regarding
culture and PDP in Organisationsculture and PDP in Organisations
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Solve problems and foster Solve problems and foster ambitions (Denning 2000)ambitions (Denning 2000)
Communicating quickly Communicating quickly (e.g. Denning 2001)(e.g. Denning 2001)
Sharing ideas / values / help learn Sharing ideas / values / help learn (Kahumba 2012; Davidson 2004)(Kahumba 2012; Davidson 2004)
Can generate commitment Can generate commitment (Hansen and Kahnweiler 1993)(Hansen and Kahnweiler 1993)
Marketing, persuade, Marketing, persuade, motivate and inspire motivate and inspire
(Salmon 2007)(Salmon 2007)
Personal impact and Personal impact and remembered (Sharp 2011)remembered (Sharp 2011)
Inspire innovation Inspire innovation and job satisfaction and job satisfaction
(Denning 2010)(Denning 2010)
Share complex meaning, engage Share complex meaning, engage emotions, capture tacit knowledge emotions, capture tacit knowledge (Scholz 2003; James and Minnis (Scholz 2003; James and Minnis
2004; Snowden 2000a)2004; Snowden 2000a)
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 12
MethodologyMethodology
• LIFE technique implementedLIFE technique implemented• 5 workshops with international postgraduate students over 3 years5 workshops with international postgraduate students over 3 years• Each workshop included more than 10 participantsEach workshop included more than 10 participants• Total 112 participants from over 17 nationsTotal 112 participants from over 17 nations• Each participant asked to complete questionnaireEach participant asked to complete questionnaire
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 13
• 42 participants were asked the 42 participants were asked the additional question belowadditional question below
• One aspect of the LIFE project is the One aspect of the LIFE project is the use of personal stories to reflect on use of personal stories to reflect on individuals’ lives and help plan individuals’ lives and help plan ahead. Why do you think personal ahead. Why do you think personal stories help develop effective LIFE stories help develop effective LIFE development goals?development goals?
Methodology ctd
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 14
RowStage 1
Telling StoryLikert Scale 1 Strongly Agree2 Agree3 Disagree4 Strongly Disagree
Q1. I found it helpful for planning my future
Q2. I found this easy to do
1 Total 1 24 [24]* 30 [30]
2 Total 2 64 [128] 53.5** [107]
3 Total 3 15 [45] 19.5 [58.5]
4 Total 4 4 [16] 6 [24]
5 Neither 5 [12.5] 4 [10]
6 No Response 0 0
7 Total Completed 112 112
8 Total Score (aggregate) 233.5 229.5
9 Average Likert Score 2.08 2.05
ResultsResults Quantitative Data : First stage Quantitative Data : First stage of LIFE Techniqueof LIFE Technique
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 15
Past helping plan futurePast helping plan future
Realise yourself and your Realise yourself and your situationsituation
Authentic and relate Authentic and relate to usto us
Thinking, learning and Thinking, learning and developingdeveloping
Past Past makes us makes us
and guides and guides future (7)future (7)
Past helps Past helps set goalsset goals BenchmarksBenchmarks
Realise successes, Realise successes, fortune, abilities (4)fortune, abilities (4)
Identify personal values, strengths, Identify personal values, strengths, experiences, desires, needs, interestsexperiences, desires, needs, interests
Awareness, know about selfAwareness, know about selfIdentify why Identify why
here nowhere now
Confidence, Confidence, motivationmotivation
Thinking and Thinking and Learning (5)Learning (5) Helps Develop Helps Develop
usus
Grasp new ideasGrasp new ideas
Patterns Qualitative Data Why Personal Patterns Qualitative Data Why Personal Stories Help Personal DevelopmentStories Help Personal Development
ExampleExample Relates to Relates to usus
Real / Real / AuthenticAuthentic
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 16
Table 3 Patterns from Primary Data of Why Personal Table 3 Patterns from Primary Data of Why Personal Stories Help Personal Development Stories Help Personal Development
Categories that Summarise Why Storytelling Helps - Grouped into Broad Categories in Bold Italic
Identity Numbers of Participants Nationalities
Past Helping Plan Future
Past makes us and Guides Future 10, 14, 15, 25, 27, 28, 29 Thai, Thai, Thai, Kazakh, Indian, British, British
Helps set goals 26, 30, 35 Indian, Indian, Norwegian
Benchmarks 12 Russian
Realise About Yourself and Situation
Realise successes, fortune and abilities 6, 8, 24, 29 Indian, Canadian/Lebanese, Indian, British
Identify personal values, strengths, experiences, desires, needs, interests
7, 30, 37 Indonesian, Indian, Indian
Awareness / know about self 2, 14 Serbian, Thai
Identify why we are here now 35 Norwegian
Confidence, motivation 22, 27, 40 Thai, Indian, Russian
Thinking, Learning and Developing
Thinking and Learning 4, 5, 23, 29, 39 Nigerian, Indian, Italian, British, Turkish
Helps develop us 20 Thai
Grasp new ideas 27 Indian
Authentic and Relates to Us
Example 21, 40 Thai, Russian
Relates to us 13, 27 Taiwanese, Indian
Real / Authentic 12 Russian
Compare with others 8 Canadian/ Lebanese
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 17
Conclusion
Why do personal stories help develop effective life Why do personal stories help develop effective life development goals in cross cultural environments?development goals in cross cultural environments?
The assumption The assumption
The assumption that storytelling The assumption that storytelling does does help help develop effective life development develop effective life development goals for people of different nationalities goals for people of different nationalities was confirmed.was confirmed.
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 18
Conclusion ctdWhy do personal stories help develop effective life Why do personal stories help develop effective life
development goals in cross cultural environments?development goals in cross cultural environments?
Why?Why?
Reasons vary:Reasons vary:
We identify 4 main categories of reasons. We identify 4 main categories of reasons.
Stories help:Stories help:1.1. understand the past which helps plan the future;understand the past which helps plan the future;
2.2. realise more about oneself and current situation;realise more about oneself and current situation;
3.3. think, learn and develop and;think, learn and develop and;
4.4. they are authentic and relate to people.they are authentic and relate to people.
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel
ReferencesReferences Baruch 1999Baruch 1999 Boje 2008Boje 2008 Bolles 2011Bolles 2011 Boyce 1996Boyce 1996 Clare 2003Clare 2003 Davidson 2004Davidson 2004 Denning 2000, 2001, 2002, 2010Denning 2000, 2001, 2002, 2010 Eales-White 2002Eales-White 2002 Gill 2001Gill 2001 Hansen and Kahnweiler 1993Hansen and Kahnweiler 1993 Hofstede, Minkov, Hofstede 2010Hofstede, Minkov, Hofstede 2010 James and Minnis 2004James and Minnis 2004 Kahumba 2012Kahumba 2012 Salmon 2007Salmon 2007 Salpeter 2008Salpeter 2008 Scholz 2003Scholz 2003 Sharp 2011Sharp 2011 Snowden 2000aSnowden 2000a Stevens 1996Stevens 1996
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For full details of references please see For full details of references please see our paperour paper
10-12 September 2013BAM Liverpool Dr Peter Sharp, Dr Ursula Schinzel 20
Thank you for listening…do you
have any questions?Dr Peter Sharp
Regent’s College London0207 487 [email protected]
Dr Ursula Schinzel [email protected]
