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Tracking the Internet into the 21st Century

Vint Cerf

November 2007

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Internet Evangelist

at Work

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Internet - Global Statistics

(approx. 3.6 Billion Telephone Terminations including 2.5 B mobiles and 1 Billion PCs [Comp. Industries Assoc.])

22.5 Million Hosts (Bellcore June 1997)

50 Million Users (NUA Jul 1997)

489 Million Hosts

(ISC July 2007)

1,244 Million Users(InternetWorldStats.com,

Sept 30,2007)

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Regional Internet Statistics

Region Internet Population

% penetration

Asia 459.5 Mil. 12.4 %

Europe 337.9 Mil. 41.7 %

North Am. 234.8 Mil. 70.2 %

LATAM/C 115.8 Mil. 20.8 %

Mid-East 33.5 Mil. 17.3 %

Oceania 19.0 Mil. 55.2 %

Africa 44.0 Mil. 4.7 %

TOTAL 1,244 Mil. 18.9 %

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360#3

UCSBPDP10

940

#2SRI

#4UTAH

#1UCLA

Sigma7

The Original ARPANET

Dec 1969

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First Three-Network Test of Internet

November 22, 1977

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Internet 1999

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Technology Shapers

• Internet uses any communication service (IP on everything!)

• IP carries anything digital

• End/End Principle (neutrality and user freedom)

• Radio supplies mobility

• Fiber/Cable/DSL supplies speed

• Broadband (choice, symmetry)

• IPv6 supplies address space • (IPv4 runout in 2011)

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Socio-Economic Effects of Internet

•Information Consumers are becoming Producers – Blogging, YouTube/Google Video, Personal Web Pages

•Innovation at the edge (e.g. wikipedia)

•Social Networking (Linked in, My Space, Facebook, Orkut…)

•Gameplaying (Second Life, World of Warcraft…)

•New Business Models– eBay, Amazon, Dell, Google, Yahoo!,MSN, AOL, iTunes, VOIP…

•Internet can transport and display print, video, audio media

•Internet permits group interaction (not only mass one-way medium)

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IPTV

• Streaming and Downloading – iPOD and vPOD behaviors?

• Mixing of all media as IP packets

• Ancillary information access

– Downloaded texts, programs, videos, audio, captions

– Advertising material

• Screen Control (icons, widgets)

• Multiple streams to multiple displays (beauty of packet switching)

• Online interaction while viewing

– Group commentary

– Advertising and product information

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Mobility and Mobiles

• 2.5 Billion Mobiles and counting

• Innovative interface challenge

• Text/Web Access

• Payment systems

• Access to Web searching

• Navigation systems– GPS, Galileo, Google Earth/Maps,…

• Geo-location based services

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Internet-enabled Devices

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Internet-enabled Devices

Programmable – Java, Python, etc.

Examples:

• WebTV, Personal Digital Assistants, Mobiles,Video games, Picture Frames, Washing Machines, Surf Board!

• Refrigerator (and the bathroom scales)

• Automobiles (Japan, Germany)

• Internet-enabled wine corks (also note new quantum theory of wine: Schrödinger’s wine bottle)

• Internet-enabled socks (clothing)

• Universal Remote Controls

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Recent and Coming events

• Introduction of Internationalized Top Level Domains

– See idn.icann.org for current testing

• Introduction of new generic and cc TLDs in 2008

• Introduction of IPv6 (root zone, elsewhere)

• Introduction of DNSSEC (.se, .bg, .br, .pr, …)

• Internet Annual Meeting (Los Angeles, Oct 29-Nov 2, 2007)

• Internet Governance Forum (Rio de Janeiro, Nov 12-15, 2007)

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InterPlaNetary Internet

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Interplanetary Internet:“InterPlaNet” (IPN)

•Planetary internets

•Interplanetary Gateways

•Interplanetary Long-Haul Protocol

•Delayed Binding of Identifiers

•Email-like behavior

•TDRSS and NASA in-space routing

•Delay and Disruption Tolerant Protocols– Tactical Mobile applications (DARPA)

– Civilian Mobile applications (SameNet!)

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•End-to-end information flow across the solar system

•Layered architecture for evolvability and interoperability

•IP-like protocol suite tailored to operate over long round trip light times

•Integrated communications and navigation services