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Mon. Tues. Wed. Thurs. Fri.Week ofOct. 27

Week ofNov. 3

Forest ecology lab – dress for weather

Exam 2no OH

Week ofNov. 10

Independent project analysis

Week ofNov. 17

River ecology lab – dress for weather

LabExam

no OH

T lab switch?

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For exam:- Chaps. 6,7,8,13

- Chap. 14 – only equations and concepts we talked about in class

- Chapter 15 – only through p. 302.

Lab open for counting Lemna every day 10 - 4

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Structure of course

Environmental variability

Organisms

Ecosystems

Populations

Species interactions

Communities

Applied Ecological Issues

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Species interactions

Introduction

Consumer/resources interactions(predation, herbivory, parasitism)

Competition

Mutualism

5

Change in pop. size of one species has an effect on growth rate of other species

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Species interactions

Introduction

Consumer/resources interactions(predation, herbivory, parasitism)

Competition

Mutualism

7

-

+

ResourceConsumer

Consumer/resource interactions

Arrows represent effect on growth rate

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Consumer Resource

Predator Prey

Parasite Host

Herbivore Plant/algae

Detritivore Dead organicmatter

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Consumer form and function tied to their diet

Examples??

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Consumer/resource interactions

1. Predation

2. Herbivory

3. Parasitism

4. Dynamics of C/R interactions

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Given that predators have adaptationsthat allow them to capture prey,

why don’t predators drive their prey extinct?

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13

May 15 May 30 June 15 June 30

100%

0%

Cicad

a mo

rtalityd

ue to

pred

ation

Liv

e ci

cad

as p

er 1

,000

m2

6,000

3,000

0

Periodical cicadas

Decline due to thunderstorm

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-

+

PreyPredator

The predator’spredator

-

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Consumer/resource interactions

1. Predation

2. Herbivory

3. Parasitism

4. Dynamics of C/R interactions

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Given that herbivores have adaptationsthat allow them to exploit resource,

Why don’t herbivores drive plants extinct?

OrWhy is the world green?

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Figure 17.1

Spatial refuge

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Ind

ex o

f co

ne

pro

du

ctio

n Production of populationnot individuals

Cost

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Consumer/resource interactions

1. Predation

2. Herbivory

3. Parasitism

4. Dynamics of C/R interactions

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How is a parasite different from a predator?

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Parasites are incredibly diverse

Examples?

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Parasites on wood mice

On skin – 1 sp. tick. On fur – 12 sp. of mites,

1 sp. tick, 11 sp. fleas, 1 sp. lice. In stomach

– 1 sp. roundworm. In small intestine – 3 sp.

roundworms, 3 sp. flatworms, 2 sp.

flagellates, 1 sp. ciliate, 1 sp. amoeba. In liver

– 1 sp. tapeworm. etc.

47 species not counting bacteria and viruses

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Challenges for a parasite

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Figure 17.14

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tapeworm in a crow

pillbug = intermediate host

tapeworm changes pillbug behavior

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Challenges for a parasite

2. overcoming host defenses

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Consumer/resource interactions

1. Predation

2. Herbivory

3. Parasitism

4. Dynamics of C/R interactions

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Dynamics of consumer/resource interactions

Consumers can reduce resource populations

Examples of cycles

Models of consumer/resource interactions

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Figure 17.18 Effect on growth rate

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Figure 18.3

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