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Cataloging of Electronic Resources: Dublin Core and Other

Metadata Schemes

Kwong Bor Ng (Ph.D.)

Graduate School of Library and Information Studies, Queens College

Email: kbng@qc.edu

Homepage: http://www.qc.edu/~kbng/

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AACR Approach ISBD (ER) AACR2 Ch. 9 Cataloging Electronic

Resources Implementing the revised AACR2 chapter 9

for cataloging electronic resources: http://www.olacinc.org/capc/ch9.ppt

Bibliographic ResourcesFinite Resources Monographs Finite Integrating Resources (AACR2 Ch. 12) Continuing Resources Serials (AACR2 Ch. 12) Continuing Integrating Resources (AACR2 Ch. 12)

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Metadata Approach General Meaning: Data about data In our library world:

Machine understandable structured data (intrinsic and extrinsic) describing various attributes of an Information object for the purposes of bibliographic control and use management, for examples:

VRA (The Visual Resources Association) Core Categories

DC (Dublin Core)Encoded Archival Description (EAD)

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Example: VRA Core Record The following data sets describe a slide of a work of art in

a museum (from http://www.vraweb.org/vracore3.htm)

Record Type = workType = sculptureTitle = Standing BuddhaMeasurements.Dimensions = 64.5 cmMaterial.Medium = bronzeDate.Creation = 5th cent.Location.Current Repository = New Delhi (IND), National

Museum of IndiaLocation.Former Site = Phophnar (IND)Style/Period.Dynasty = Vakataka dynastyStyle/Period = GuptaCulture = IndianSubject = Buddha

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Example: Dublin Core RecordTitle United States Copyright Office: the Library of Congress. Title U.S. Copyright Office home page Identifier http://lcweb.loc.gov/copyright Type Text data Type electronic resource Contributor Library of Congress. Copyright Office. Coverage n-us--- Date 1997-9999 Description Title from title screen Description Offers online access to many copyright-related publications, including copyright

information circulars; application forms for copyright registration; news about the Copyright Office's current activities, with texts of news releases and Congressional testimony; links to U.S. copyright legislation and texts of international copyright treaties, and access to online copyright records cataloged since 1978. Also offers links to other copyright-related web sites.

Description Description based on contents viewed Feb. 13, 2003 Description About copyright -- Search copyright records -- Publications -- Licensing -- How to

register a work -- How to record a document -- Law and policy -- Related links. Language eng Publisher Library of Congress, Publisher Washington, D.C. Relation Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web; Adobe Acrobat reader required to view

and print some documents. Relation http://lcweb.loc.gov/copyright/circs.html Subject. KF2995 .U64 Subject Library of Congress. Copyright Office. Subject Copyright. United States. Subject Copyright. International.

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Four Levels of Understanding Dublin Core

Simple Dublin Core vs Qualified Dublin Core Dublin Core in HTML, and Dublin Core in

XML without DTD (Document Type Definition)

Dublin Core in XML with its own Namespace and DTD

Dublin Core in XML with Schema, in RDF (Resource Description Framework) format

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The Birth of A Standard The Dublin Core Metadata Workshop Series began in

1995, with an invitational workshop which brought together librarians, digital library researchers, content experts, and text-markup experts to promote better discovery standards for electronic resources.

Organized by OCLC and the National Center for Supercomputer Applications (NCSA) to address the problem of providing metadata for network-accessible materials.

The Dublin Core is a 15-element set of descriptors that has emerged from this effort in interdisciplinary and international consensus building.

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Goals

Simplicity of creation and maintenance Commonly understood semantics Conformance to existing and emerging

standards International scope and applicability Extensibility Interoperability among collections and

indexing systems

Content IntellectualProperty

Instantiation

Title Creator DateSubject Publisher FormatDescription Contributor IdentifierType Rights LanguageSourceRelationCoverage

http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/

<html><head><title> Imagine - John Lennon </title><link rel = "schema.DC” href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><meta name = "DC.Title” content =”Imagine"><meta name = "DC.Creator" content =”Lennon, John"><meta name = "DC.Type" content = ”lyric"><meta name = "DC.Date” content = "1971"><meta name = "DC.Format" content = "text/html"><meta name = "DC.Language” content = "en"></head><body><pre>

Imagine there's no heaven It's easy if you tryNo hell below us Above us only skyImagine all the people Living for today . . .Imagine there's no countries It isn't hard to doNothing to kill or die for And no religion tooImagine all the people Living life in peace . . .Imagine no possessions I wonder if you canNo need for greed or hunger A brotherhood of manImagine all the people Sharing all the world . . .You may say I'm a dreamer But I'm not the only oneI hope someday you'll join us And the world will be as one

</pre></body></html>

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Two broad classes of qualifiers

Element Refinement. These qualifiers make the meaning of an element

narrower or more specific. A refined element shares the meaning of the unqualified element, but with a more restricted scope.

Encoding Scheme. These qualifiers identify schemes that aid in the

interpretation of an element value. These schemes include controlled vocabularies and formal notations or parsing rules.

Dublin CoreElement

Refinement(s)EncodingScheme(s)

Title Alternative -

SubjectLCSH MeSHDDC LCCUDC

DescriptionTable Of ContentsAbstract

DateCreated ValidAvailable IssuedModified

DCMI PeriodW3C-DTF

Type -DCMI TypeVocabulary

Extent-Format

Medium IMT

Dublin CoreElement

Refinement(s)EncodingScheme(s)

Identifier - URISource - URI

Language -ISO 639-2RFC 1766

Relation

Is Version Of Has VersionIs Replaced By ReplacesIs Required By RequiresIs Part Of Has PartIs Referenced By ReferencesIs Format Of Has Format

URI

SpatialDCMI PointISO 3166DCMI BoxTGN

Coverage

TemporalDCMI PeriodW3C-DTF

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Title United States Copyright Office • the Library of Congress. Title.alternative U.S. Copyright Office home page Identifier.URI http://lcweb.loc.gov/copyright Type.OCLCg Text data Type.AACR2-gmd electronic resource Contributor.nameCorporate Library of Congress. • Copyright Office. Coverage.spatial.MARC21-gac n-us--- Date.issued.MARC21-Date 1997-9999 Description.note Title from title screen Description.summary Offers online access to many copyright-related publications, including

copyright information circulars; application forms for copyright registration; news about the Copyright Office's current activities, with texts of news releases and Congressional testimony; links to U.S. copyright legislation and texts of international copyright treaties, and access to online copyright records cataloged since 1978. Also offers links to other copyright-related web sites.

Description.note Description based on contents viewed Feb. 13, 2003 Description.tableOfContent About copyright -- Search copyright records -- Publications -- Licensing -

- How to register a work -- How to record a document -- Law and policy -- Related links.

Language eng Publisher Library of Congress, Publisher.place Washington, D.C. Relation.requires Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web; Adobe Acrobat reader

required to view and print some documents. Relation.URI http://lcweb.loc.gov/copyright/circs.html Subject.classLocal.LCC KF2995 • .U64 Subject.nameCorporate.LCSH Library of Congress. • Copyright Office. Subject.topical.LCSH Copyright • United States. Subject.topical.LCSH Copyright, International.

<meta name="DC.Title" content="United States Copyright Office o the Library of Congress."> <meta name="DC.Title.alternative" content="U.S. Copyright Office home page"> <meta name="DC.Coverage.spatial" scheme="MARC21-gac" content="n-us---"> <meta name="DC.Contributor.nameCorporate" content="Library of Congress. o Copyright Office."> <meta name="DC.Publisher" content="Library of Congress,"> <meta name="DC.Publisher.place" content="Washington, D.C. "> <meta name="DC.Date.issued" scheme="MARC21-Date" content="1997-9999"> <meta name="DC.Description.note" content="Title from home page (last viewed June 1, 2000)."><meta name="DC.Description.summary" content="Offers online access to many copyright-related

publications, including copyright information circulars; application forms for copyright registration; news about the Copyright Office's current activities, with texts of news releases and Congressional testimony; links to U.S. copyright legislation and texts of international copyright treaties, and access to online copyright records cataloged since 1978. Also offers links to other copyright-related web sites.">

<meta name="DC.Description.note" content="Description based on contents viewed Feb. 13, 2003"><meta name="DC.Description.tableOfContent" content="About copyright -- Search copyright records --

Publications -- Licensing -- How to register a work -- How to record a document -- Law and policy -- Related links.">

<meta name="DC.Identifier" scheme="URI" content="http://lcweb.loc.gov/copyright"> <meta name="DC.Language" content="eng"> <meta name="DC.Subject.classLocal" scheme="LCC" content="KF2995 o .U64"> <meta name="DC.Subject.nameCorporate" scheme="LCSH" content="Library of Congress. o Copyright

Office."> <meta name="DC.Subject.topical" scheme="LCSH" content="Copyright o United States."> <meta name="DC.Subject.topical" scheme="LCSH" content="Copyright, International."> <meta name="DC.Relation.requires" content="Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web; Adobe

Acrobat reader required to view and print some documents."> <meta name="DC.Relation" scheme="URI" content="http://lcweb.loc.gov/copyright/circs.html"> <meta name="DC.Type" scheme="OCLCg" content="Text data"> <meta name="DC.Type" scheme="AACR2-gmd" content="electronic resource">

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English Element, Local Qualifier

< meta name= "DC.Description. 裝訂 " lang = "zh-tw" content = " 平裝 ">

(Example from Cheng-Juei Wu)

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An example XML document<?xml version="1.0"?><note><to>Love</to><from>KB</from><heading>Hi</heading><body>Don't forget me!</body></note>

Elements and their Content

character content

element

emptyelement

<bibliography>

<paper ID=”00123"> <authors> <author>K.B.Ng</author> <author>……...</author> <author>……...</author> </authors> <fullPaper source=”online"/> <title>Presentation for CEAL</title> …...</paper>

</bibliography>

element content

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Document Type DefinitionDTD defines what tags can go in your document, what tags can contain other tags, the number and sequence of the tags, the attributes your tags can have, and optionally, the values those attributes can have.

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More Examples of Dublin Core in XML with DTD

Please visit my teaching web site:

http://purl.oclc.org/net/teaching/729.html