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Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Network Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Network UpdateUpdate

Pat Vaca, Air Pollution SpecialistPat Vaca, Air Pollution Specialist4-12-20114-12-2011

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BackgroundBackground The California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 The California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006

(AB32) requires ARB to report and verify GHG emissions (AB32) requires ARB to report and verify GHG emissions inventoryinventory

Validation of the inventory is crucial to realizing goals of Validation of the inventory is crucial to realizing goals of AB32AB32

Using “top-down” approach (e.g., based on ambient Using “top-down” approach (e.g., based on ambient monitoring and inverse dispersion modeling) to estimate monitoring and inverse dispersion modeling) to estimate inventory gives 30% higher results than “bottom up” (e.g., inventory gives 30% higher results than “bottom up” (e.g., based on emission factors x gallons of gas combusted) based on emission factors x gallons of gas combusted) approach approach

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Primary:Primary:– Establish a pilot network of six GHG monitoring stationsEstablish a pilot network of six GHG monitoring stations– Provide high temporal and spatial resolution of CHProvide high temporal and spatial resolution of CH44, ,

COCO22, and CO, and CO– Evaluate if inverse dispersion modeling can be used to

improve methane inventory

Secondary:Secondary:– Long term monitoring may be used to evaluate the Long term monitoring may be used to evaluate the

effectiveness of new control measureseffectiveness of new control measures– Additional gasses may be added in the futureAdditional gasses may be added in the future

Objectives Objectives

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Pilot NetworkPilot Network

Each Monitoring site includes the following Each Monitoring site includes the following measurements:measurements:– Methane (CHMethane (CH44), Carbon Dioxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO22) by cavity ring-) by cavity ring-

down spectroscopydown spectroscopy– Trace Carbon Monoxide (CO) by Gas-Filter Correlation Trace Carbon Monoxide (CO) by Gas-Filter Correlation

(GFC) with IR absorption(GFC) with IR absorption– Meteorological Instruments (WS, WD, AT, RH)Meteorological Instruments (WS, WD, AT, RH)

12 months of data will be collected 12 months of data will be collected RD will issue recommendations as to the RD will issue recommendations as to the

expansion, relocation, and/or decommission of expansion, relocation, and/or decommission of network at end of initial 12 month periodnetwork at end of initial 12 month period

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Network Deployment ScheduleNetwork Deployment Schedule

Arvin (ARB) – 5/4/10 Arvin (ARB) – 5/4/10 Mt. Wilson Observatory (ARB) – 5/18/10Mt. Wilson Observatory (ARB) – 5/18/10 Madera (SJAPCD) – 6/30/10Madera (SJAPCD) – 6/30/10 Tranquillity (SJAPCD) – 8/17/10Tranquillity (SJAPCD) – 8/17/10 Sutter Buttes (ARB) – April 2011Sutter Buttes (ARB) – April 2011 Tuscan Butte (ARB) – Lease under negotiationTuscan Butte (ARB) – Lease under negotiation

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Data AnalysisData Analysis

Data Client – ARB Research DivisionData Client – ARB Research Division– RD responsible for determining if the data:RD responsible for determining if the data:

Are sufficient for inverse modeling needsAre sufficient for inverse modeling needs Can be used to develop gridded methane emissions inventoryCan be used to develop gridded methane emissions inventory Can be used to verify ARB methane emission inventoryCan be used to verify ARB methane emission inventory

Data StreamsData Streams– Analog outputs to data logger. Data are uploaded hourly to Analog outputs to data logger. Data are uploaded hourly to

AQDASII, validated and uploaded to AQSAQDASII, validated and uploaded to AQS– Digital results stored onboard instruments, uploaded by field staff, Digital results stored onboard instruments, uploaded by field staff,

transferred to RD monthly (minute averages and diagnostic transferred to RD monthly (minute averages and diagnostic parameters for CO, sub-minute results for CHparameters for CO, sub-minute results for CH44))

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Results ExampleResults Example

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Results (cont)Results (cont)

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Field OperationsField Operations

QA/QCQA/QC Precision checks analyzed daily (every 11-hours for methane, every 23 Precision checks analyzed daily (every 11-hours for methane, every 23

hours for TCO) by direct injection from gas bottle at near ambient hours for TCO) by direct injection from gas bottle at near ambient concentrationconcentration– 10 minute analysis, average of last five minutes used10 minute analysis, average of last five minutes used

– Field calibrations performed every six monthsField calibrations performed every six months

– High accuracy standard diluted for TCOHigh accuracy standard diluted for TCO

– NOAA custom blend used for methane, carbon dioxideNOAA custom blend used for methane, carbon dioxide

– Direct injection from bottles, concentrations bracket ambient concentrationDirect injection from bottles, concentrations bracket ambient concentration

Weekly maintenance by field staffWeekly maintenance by field staff– Changing inlet filters, checking instrument diagnostic parametersChanging inlet filters, checking instrument diagnostic parameters

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Precision Checks (methane)Precision Checks (methane)Tranquillity

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Network DevelopmentsNetwork Developments

First batch of methane data delivered to Marc Fischer from First batch of methane data delivered to Marc Fischer from LBL to conduct inverse modelingLBL to conduct inverse modeling

Based upon specifications of gas filter correlation (IR Based upon specifications of gas filter correlation (IR absorption), RD has decided to replace analyzers with absorption), RD has decided to replace analyzers with higher precision/accuracy laser-based instrumentationhigher precision/accuracy laser-based instrumentation

Mt. Wilson observatory site scheduled shut down at the Mt. Wilson observatory site scheduled shut down at the end of Aprilend of April

Mt. Wilson monitoring will continue at NASA-JPL laboratoryMt. Wilson monitoring will continue at NASA-JPL laboratory

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Acknowledgement:Acknowledgement: Ying Hsu, ARB Research DivisionYing Hsu, ARB Research Division

Contact Info: Patrick VacaContact Info: Patrick Vaca

pvaca@arb.ca.govpvaca@arb.ca.gov

916 324-1146916 324-1146