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Goal Setting

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Aims and Objectives

ALL students will set themselves and others a goal

ALL students will identify different types of goals

MOST students will be able to explain goal usage and its impact on performance

SOME students will critically analyse the use of goal setting on both team and individual performers

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Activity One

Why should we set goals?

Think of its purpose, value, motivational property and use

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Goal Setting ResearchEnhances performanceImproves performance, winning, enjoymentDifficult, very difficult and moderately difficult goals were preferredExperienced participants were better at developing strategies

Barriers include a lack of time, stress, fatigue, academic pressures and social relationshipsFemales found goals to be more effective than malesGoals were not written down

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Features of Goal Setting

Allows targets to be met

Reduces stress and anxiety

Controls arousal levels

Provides motivation

Improves confidence

Allows attention to be directedSustains effortRegulates effort

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Activity two

Set yourself some goals that relate to both sport and your current education.Once you have set these goals discuss them in your groupFollowing discussion feedback to one person in your group regarding the goals they have set (are they good? can the be achieved? are they measurable? 6

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Types of Goals

Outcome or product goalsPerformance goalsProcess goalsShort – term goalsLong – term goals

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Factors to consider when setting goals

SpecificMeasuredAgreedRealisticTime phasedExcitingRecorded

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Other factors

The difficulty of the goals

Evaluation

Shared decisions

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Why Goal Setting Works

Goals direct attention

Mobilise participants efforts

Prolong participants persistence

Foster development of new learning strategies

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Principles of goal setting

Set specific goalsSet moderately difficult but realistic goalsSet short – term and long – term goalsSet performance and process as well as outcome goals

Set practice and competition goalsRecord goalsDevelop achievement strategiesConsider personality and motivationFoster an individuals goal commitmentProvide goal supportProvide evaluation and feedback

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Designing a Goal – Setting System

Preparation and planning

Education and acquisition

Implementation and Follow - up

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Common Problems in Goal Setting

Convincing participants to set goalsFailing to set specific goalsSetting too many goalsFailing to adjust goalsFailing to set performance/process goalsNot providing follow up and evaluation

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Summary

Setting goals is important because it enhances performance levelsThe types of goals that are set should be discussed with performersProcess goals are more effective than outcome goals aloneGoals must be reviewed consistently to be effective 1

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