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5 Minute Check10/26/15
1. Explain what each plate boundary does.
Today’s Standard:3.5 - The student will use evidence to explain that the earth’s lithosphere is composed of many plates rather than one continuous piece.3.6 - The student will explain why earthquakes, mountain building, and volcanic eruptions often occur at the boundaries between plates.4.1 - The student will describe the geologic processes that are responsible for the Great Basin region, Lake Tahoe, the Sierra Nevada Mountains, earthquakes in Nevada, Spring Mountain Range, Red Rock Canyon, and Valley of Fire.4.3 - The student will describe how landforms are the result of a combination of constructive and destructive processes.
Plate Tectonics Vocabulary Fault: a crack or fracture in the Earth’s crust
along which movement, dislocation and overlaps of plates occur.
Plate Boundary: Where two or more plates meet
Today we are going to take the clicker Quiz
Wiz Name the boundary
A.Divergent Boundaries Oceanic / Oceanic Continental / Continental
B.Convergent Boundaries Oceanic / Continental Oceanic / Oceanic Continental / Continental
C.Transform Fault Boundary
2
2
3
3
San Andreas Fault
San Andreas Fault
5
5
Pacific Plate
Philippine Plate
8
8
9
9
Name this movie
In the Great Rift Valley?
Name this movie
In the Great Rift Valley?
Name this movie
In the Great Rift Valley?
Today we are going to fill in the “L” part of the KWL of what you have learned about our planet
Put together your notebook1. Geology Notes2. Examples of heat transfer3. Layers foldable4. Layers of the planet notes5. Plate tectonic theory6. How everything is connected
Finish “Our Dynamic Planet”
Unit 4Constructive/Destructive
Forces
Let’s fill in the K and the W
Today we will start our next notebook
Why are our plate boundaries moving?
Closing
5 Minute Check10/27/15
1. What do you think causes an earthquake?
2. When do you think Nevada had it’s last earthquake?
3. What do you think is a constructive vs. a destructive force?
Today’s Standard:3.5 - The student will use evidence to explain that the earth’s lithosphere is composed of many plates rather than one continuous piece.3.6 - The student will explain why earthquakes, mountain building, and volcanic eruptions often occur at the boundaries between plates.4.1 - The student will describe the geologic processes that are responsible for the Great Basin region, Lake Tahoe, the Sierra Nevada Mountains, earthquakes in Nevada, Spring Mountain Range, Red Rock Canyon, and Valley of Fire.4.3 - The student will describe how landforms are the result of a combination of constructive and destructive processes.
Yesterday we turned in our Unit 3 notebook, if you were absent you need to turn that in, make sure you fill in the “L”
We also started the Unit 4 notebook, make sure you fill in the K and the W
Taking Care of business
Date Title Page #
10/27/15 Constructive vs. Destructive Forces 1
Unit 4 Constructive and Destructive Forces
Video review
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mkm-vqkOyUM&list=UUJjstNDkwktHyvUdtcBfb2g
Today we are starting our next topic “Constructive and Destructive
Forces”
Constructive VS. DestructiveForces
Constructive Force Destructive ForceA process that raises or builds up the surface features of the Earth.
A process that lowers or tears down the surface features of the Earth.
What are Constructive and Destructive
Forces?
Constructive Force Destructive ForceA process that raises or builds up the surface features of the Earth.
A process that lowers or tears down the surface features of the Earth.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=JrBaiPN6AW8
Intro video to earthquakes
What is an earthquake? An earthquake is the result of a sudden
release of energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic waves.
Locatin' the Shakin' Focus: the place on the Earth’s crust where
the pressure was released.
Epicenter: the spot on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus.
A fault is a rock fracture where the two sides have been displaced relative to each other.
An earthquake is what happens when these two blocks of the earth, seemingly stuck together, suddenly slip past one another. The surface where they slip is called the fault or fault plane.
The slip causes a sudden shaking or vibration in the Earth due to the sudden release of energy from within the Earth.
Let’s try an example, listen as I snap my fingers
Faults – Snap your fingers
Let’s look at some where these key actions occur.
What are faults?
Closing
5 Minute Check10/28/14
1. What is the difference between a constructive and a destructive force?
2. What is a fault?
3. What is the epicenter?
4. What is the focus?Today’s Standard:3.5 - The student will use evidence to explain that the earth’s lithosphere is composed of many plates rather than one continuous piece.3.6 - The student will explain why earthquakes, mountain building, and volcanic eruptions often occur at the boundaries between plates.4.1 - The student will describe the geologic processes that are responsible for the Great Basin region, Lake Tahoe, the Sierra Nevada Mountains, earthquakes in Nevada, Spring Mountain Range, Red Rock Canyon, and Valley of Fire.4.3 - The student will describe how landforms are the result of a combination of constructive and destructive processes.
Date Title Page #
10/27/15 Constructive vs. Destructive Forces 1
10/28/15 Types of Faults 2
Unit 4 Constructive and Destructive Forces
I am going to demo what each of the faults looks like on land
We are going to make a foldable for each of the types of faults.
Faults
47
What is an earthquake?
Watch Bill Nye the Science Guy –Earth Quakes◦ Answer questions while watching video
◦ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1eot6wMAyMU
What are the three types of faults?
Closing
5 Minute Check10/28/15
1. What are the three types of faults we learned about yesterday?
2. Tell the direction the fault moves
3. Tell whether or not we loose or gain crust
Today’s Standard:3.5 - The student will use evidence to explain that the earth’s lithosphere is composed of many plates rather than one continuous piece.3.6 - The student will explain why earthquakes, mountain building, and volcanic eruptions often occur at the boundaries between plates.4.1 - The student will describe the geologic processes that are responsible for the Great Basin region, Lake Tahoe, the Sierra Nevada Mountains, earthquakes in Nevada, Spring Mountain Range, Red Rock Canyon, and Valley of Fire.4.3 - The student will describe how landforms are the result of a combination of constructive and destructive processes.
Natural Vibrations of the ground caused by:1. movement along gigantic fractures in Earth’s
crustA. Transform plate boundary B. At a fault
2. volcanic eruptions.
Let’s review What is an Earthquake?
Let’s look at some of the destruction an earthquake
can cause
Many buildings in Charleston,
South Carolina, were damaged or destroyed by the large earthquake
that occurred August 31, 1886.
Picture from the United States Geological Service www.usgs.gov
San Francisco, California, Earthquake April 18, 1906. East side of Howard Street near Seventeenth Street. All houses shifted toward the left. The tall house dropped from its south foundation wall and leaned against its neighbor. 1906.
Picture from USGS.GOV
Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com
San Fernando, California, Earthquake February 1971. Collapsed overpass connecting Foothill Boulevard and the Golden State Freeway. Feb 10, 1971.
Photo by R.E. Wallace, USGS.
www.usgs.gov
What causes an earthquake? Earthquakes are the
Earth's natural means of releasing stress.
Due to the constant motion of the Earth’ plates, this put stress on the edges of the plates.
To relieve this stress, the rocks tend to bend, compress, or stretch.
An aerial view of the San Andreas fault in the Carrizo Plain, Central California. Picture from www.usgs.gov
Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 56
Faults If the force is great enough, the rocks will break.
An earthquake is the vibrations produced by the breaking of rock.
Most earthquakes occur near plate boundaries.
The Hanshin expressway in Kobe, Japan collapsed due to an earthquake in 1995.Picture from http://www.ce.washington.edu/~liquefaction/html/quakes/kobe/kobe.html
A fault is a break in a rock across which there is observable movement.
Faults get classified according to the kind of motion that occurs on them.◦ There are 3 kinds of faults
Let’s review what a fault is
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Normal Fault
Rock above the fault surface moves downward in relation to rock below the fault surface.
More crust is formed and gets bigger
Normal Fault - more crust made
Normal Faults
Normal Fault
Normal Fault
Pyramid Lake in Nevada
Normal Faults
Lake Tahoe is the largest alpine lake in North America and at 501 meters depth, it is the second deepest. Due to this depth and the faults within the lake, research suggests earthquake-triggered tsunamis could be 10 m high.
Normal Fault
Lake Tahoe is 2,000,000 years old and was created at a normal fault. Here a block of land being downthrown producing a valley with a distinct scarp mountains on each side.
This section of the normal fault was produced by the earthquake of October 28, 1983, at Borah Peak, Idaho.
Normal Fault
This fault near Hebgen Lake, Montana, after the magnitude 7.1 earthquake of August 18, 1959, shows a dip-slip movement of 5.5 to 6.0 m.
Normal Fault
Normal Fault the Copper
Canyon Turtleback fault in Death Valley. Turtlebacks are smooth, curved surfaces, which form north to northwestward-plunging elongate domes on the east side of Death Valley.
Normal Fault
From this angle it appears as if these layered rocks along the shore in Baja California exhibit a classic normal fault.
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Reverse Fault
Reverse faults result from compression forces that squeeze rock.
If rock breaks from forces pushing from opposite directions, rock above a reverse fault surface is forced up and over the rock below the fault surface.
Reverse Fault- we lose crust
Reverse Faults
Reverse Fault
Reverse Fault
Reverse FaultsA reverse fault in Proterozoic rocks along the Grinnell Glacier trail in Glacier National Park
Reverse FaultsExamining a thrust fault exposure in Sun Canyon, Montana, south of Glacier National Park
Reverse Faults
The Keystone Thrust near Las Vegas, NV has pushed the older gray limestone layers over the younger yellow and red Mesozoic layers
Reverse Faults
High angle fault separating Franciscan chert from graywacke at the Presidio, San Francisco, CA
Reverse Faults
Reverse fault in the Providence Mountains of the Mojave National Scenic Preserve of California
Free powerpoint template: www.brainybetty.com 77
Strike-slip Fault
At a strike-slip fault, rocks on either side of the fault are moving past each other without much upward or downward movement.
The San Andreas Fault is the boundary between two of Earth’s plates that are moving sideways past each other.
Strike-Slip FaultsWe don’t gain or loose crust
Rows in the cultivated field west of El Progresso, Guatemala, deformed by the earthquake of February 4, 1976.
Strike-Slip Faults
This tree was killed by movement along a strike-slip fault through its center, during the same Guatemala earthquake
San Andreas in California
Strike-Slip Faults
Along the San Andreas fault in Carrizo Plains National Monument.
Strike-Slip Faults
What are our three types of faults? And tell me one fact about each fault.
Closing
