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From class 2.16 and 2.17Dwight Eisenhower foreign policy and Alliances.Goes with Chapter 16, section 1
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Eisenhower and Alliances
THE COLD WAR IN THE 1950 ’S
What Should You Know
Define the terms associated with Eisenhower’s foreign policy.
What happens with Soviet-U.S. relations after 1955?
What are several Cold War world organizations or alliances?
What does reading the founding documents of these organizations show us about the Cold War? Perfect Summary of the entire Cold
WarAs you watch, jot down 2 familiar concepts that we have discussed already.
Successful General
Worked well with Truman and FDR
America wanted him as President
1952
Augusta National G.C.
Ike is Elected
One of the main issues was Korean War
Eisenhower promised to go to Korea to end the war
Once elected, as promised, he went to Korea in 1952 to revive the stalled peace talks
Cease-fire was not reached until 1953
Eisenhower Foreign Policies
John Foster Dulles – Secretary of State
Wanted to take a further step than just containment
Dulles and Eisenhower wanted to “roll back” communism…get some democracies back
Brinksmanship – through words and actions, going to the brink of war without getting into war
Use of a lot of threats
Massive Retaliation – promise to settle any conflict by using overwhelming force vs. Soviets (nuclear)
CIA – formed in 1947 – revved up in 1950’s under Ike
Eisenhower Doctrine - declared the right of the United States to help, on request, any nation in the Middle East trying to resist armed Communist aggression.
Eisenhower Foreign Policies
Changes in the Soviet Union?
Stalin Dies in 1953 Nikita Khrushchev
U.S. Soviet Relations
U.S. and Soviets met for the first time since end of war1955 summit in Geneva SwitzerlandEisenhower proposes “open skies” treaty – rejected1960 – American U-2 Spy Plane shot down over USSRBadly damaged relations
World Organizations and Alliances
United Nations – founded by 51 countries in 1945
Maintain International security and peaceChina, Soviet Union, U.K., U.S., FranceGeneral Assembly and Security Council
World Organizations and Alliances
NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization1948 and 1949 – Several Western European
Nations plus U.S. and Canada (26 countries today)
Fear of the size of Soviet armyBand together for mutual defense
World Organizations and Alliances
Warsaw Pact – 1955 (1991) Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual
Assistance
Mutual defense treaty agreed to by 8 Soviet bloc countries
Triggered by the 1955 entrance of West Germany into NATO
Soviet Union, Romania, Poland, Hungary, East Germany, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Albania
All Communist governments
Founding Documents
United NationsNorth Atlantic TreatyWarsaw Pact
Homework
Analyze your results from the OGT Test by filling out Student Self-Check and Reflection – This is a graded HW assignment. Everyone must fill out their sheet because no one got a perfect.
Read Chapter 16 Section 2 and Chapter 17 Section 1 – Questions - It will not be counted against you if you don’t do them, but if you want HW points, you may answer the Section 1 assessment questions on page 534. (1 a and b); 2 (a and b); 3 (a and b); 4 (a, b, and c)