03_Neighbour_GC.pdf

8/10/2019 03_Neighbour_GC.pdf

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3G RANOP RU20

Soc Classification level

1 Nokia Siemens Networks /

Module 3 Air interface and neighbour optimization


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Course Content

KPI overview

Performance monitoring

Air interface and neighbour optimizationCapacity & traffic optimization

Paging and inter-RNC optimization




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Module Objectives

At the end of the module you will be

able to:Describe the main measurementelements/parameters to optimize neighbour cells,



for neighbour list optimization

Match counters with KPI to tune the overall NWperformance

Know how neighbours & RF optimization can bedone with tool Optimizer 2.0


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Air interface improvement potentials (QoS)

Propagation Delay

Neighbour optimization methods

Adjacency based measurementsNetAct tools (optimiser)

Content




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Content


- RNC database structure

- 3G mobility interworking to LTE within RU20

- Ec/Io versus RSCP (discussed under adjacency based measurements)

- Little i (cell overlap by Tx power, discussed under adjacency based measurements)

- UL RTWP and DL TCP

- Code power improvement for initial access and active set update

- HSPA quality



- AMR features

Propagation Delay


Adjacency based measurementsNetAct tools (optimiser)


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WBTS

RNCWSMLC

COCO

FMCS

HOPG

HOPI

HOPS

IUR

HOPL

2 New Parameter Objects:

HOPL (max 10 x, templates)

ADJL (max 8 x)

LTELTE -- HOHO

RNC database structure with LTE objects RU20 (1/2)

7 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / AA / 08_2009


WCEL

FMCI

FMCG

WLCSE

CMOB

ADJS

ADJI

ADJG

WANE

WSG

One-to-one

One-to-many

IUCS

IUPS

ADJL

ADJD

ADJL newADJL new

HOPL newHOPL new

Indicates LTEIndicates LTE

LTELTE --NeighboursNeighbours


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RNC = Radio Network Controller

WBTS = WCDMA Base Station

IUPS, IUCS, IUR have been introduced to simplify management

IPNB relates to optional feature IP-based Iub for Flexi

TQM relates to optional feature Iub Transport QoS

WRAB parameters are used by Admission Control

IPQM relates to IP transport on Iu

RNC database structure with LTE objects RU20 (2/2)

8 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / AA / 08_2009


WCEL = WCDMA Cell ADJ = Adjacency for WCDMA cell

ADJS = intra-frequency adjacency

ADJI = inter-frequency adjacency

ADJG = inter-system adjacency

ADJL = LTE adjacency (new)ADJL = LTE adjacency (new)

ADJD = detected adjacency

HOP = Handover Path

HOPS, HOPI, HOPG, HOPL (new)HOPL (new)

FMC = Frequency Measurement Control

FMCS, FMCI, FMCG

COCO = Radio Network Connection Configuration

CMOB = Congestion Management OBject

WANE = WCDMA Authorized Network

WSG = WCDMA subscriber group

WLCSE = WCDMA Location service entity

WSMLC = WCDMA Serving Mobile Location Center

IPNB = IP NodeB

IPQM = IP transmission QoS

TQM = Transmission Quality Management

WRAB = WCEL RAB parameters


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3G mobility interworking to LTE within RU20 (1/5)

PSTN

LTE Interworking feature provides 3G support for:

- cell reselection from 3G to LTE

- PS inter-system handover from LTE to 3G



GGSNRNCNode B

eNode B(incl. RRM)

aGW:Access

Gateway

IMS

Internet

Intranets

E-UTRA

E-UTRAN

RU20 RNWParameters

HSPA/LTE cell selectionHSPA/LTE cell selection

HOHO


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Three types of transition between 3G and LTE are supported by the RU20LTE interworking feature

Cell re-selection 3G to LTE in RRC idle

Cell re-selection 3G to LTE in Cell/URA_PCH

HO LTE to 3G, but NOT HO 3G to LTE in Cell_DCH

GSM Connected

Supported byfeature

3G LTE GSM




Handover

CELL_PCH

URA_PCH

CELL_DCH

UTRA_Idle

E-UTRA

RRC_CONNECTED

E-UTRA

RRC_IDLE

GSM_Idle/GPRS

Packet_Idle

GPRS Packet

transfer mode

_

Handover

Reselection Reselection

Reselection

Connection

establishment/release

Connection


Connection


CCO,

Reselection

CCO with

optional

NACC

CELL_FACH

CCO, Reselection

Supported byfeature

No measurementwithin FACH

OccasionalMM by othervendors


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New RU20 RNW Parameter Objects HOPL and ADJL

WCDMA System Information Block 19 (SIB 19) Informs UE about parameters controlling interworking to

LTE

new




RSRP = LTE counterpart of CPICH RSCP RSRQ = RSRP / RSSI = LTE counterpart of CPICH Ec/Io Reference signal

received power(RSRP)

Reference signalreceived quality(RSRQ)


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LTE Interworking feature provides 3G support for:

cell reselection from 3G to LTE

PS inter-system handover from LTE to 3G

Feature implementation is based upon 3GPP release 8

Cell re-selection from 3G to LTE is applicable to UE which are in RRC Idlemode, CELL_PCH and URA_PCH




3G, LTE and GSM cells can be prioritized with 8 distinct absolute priorities In RRC Idle, URA_PCH and Cell_PCH states, UE camping on WCDMA will

periodically measure all higher priority RAT cells

measure lower priority RAT cells when 3G quality falls below a threshold

NSN RL10 LTE system provides support for LTE to 3G inter-RAT handover


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Idle mode cell reselection from a WCDMA cell to LTE cell

Idle mode situationIdle mode situation

Priority for cell layers &Priority for cell layers &




Operator can control reselection for the UEs by applying higher priority to LTE

ec no og esec no og es


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Common Measurements for cell load

C-NBAP - RADIO RESOURCE MEASUREMENT REPORT

Dedicated Measurements for RLpower for active users in Cell_DCH

D-NBAP - DEDICATED MEASUREMENT REPORT

BTS load measurements



IuB

C - NBAP

D - NBAP

Node B RNC


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UL performance (1/7)

Intermodulation

LRT UnloadedRT(2%) and

noise risenoise rise

(dB)(dB)

I own cellI own cell

PrxOffset

PrxTarget

I other cellsI other cells

High interference level due tointermodulation limits realtraffic load and thus serviceand throughput in the cell per

user It limits also coverage area of

cell

PrxNoiseWCEL: -130..-50; 0.1; -105 dBm



LNRT UnloadedNRT(1%)Sum (3%)Sum (3%)

loadload

Thermal noise + noise figureThermal noise + noise figure

60 %60 %3%3% 25 % 25 % 30 %30 %

PrxNoiseAutotuningWCEL: 0 (Off) / 1 (On)


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PrxTarget [dB] + PrxOffset [dB]

Noise Rise [dB]

Overloaded area

UL (RTWP)

Decrease

adjacentcellinterference

Causes of IMP on ULCauses of IMP on UL Satellite dish (DTH) CATV Radio transmission Wireless cameras MHA/TMA non linearity

Other cell interference


High little i Low little i



Prx Target [dB]

OWN cell load () [0..1]

FeasibleLoad Area

More total capacity

*IMP = Inter-modulation products


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Noise rise and little i

Noise Risei-factor

Maximum

throughputDCH

Throughput thresholds calculated from new,configurable Prx thresholds

Decreaseinterferencedue to cell

overlap

UL performance (3/7) PrxLoadMarginDCH; WCEL; 0 .. 30; 0.1;2dBdefault: 2 dB: equals 37% own cell load



Own Cell Load Factor (throughput)

PrxOffset

Minimumthroughput

DCH

PrxLoadMarginDCH

PrxLoadMarginMaxDCH

PrxTarget

PrxLoadMarginMaxDCH

WCEL; 0 .. 30; 0.1;0dB = off


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Good cellGood cell

In generalIn general the RTWP remains lowthe RTWP remains lowduring most of the time. There areduring most of the time. There areonly few short term conditions ofonly few short term conditions of

high UL interference.high UL interference.





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Bad cellBad cell effected by electronic screeneffected by electronic screen

High RTWP in spite of low TCPHigh RTWP in spite of low TCP -->> no or limited traffic in the cellno or limited traffic in the cell

RTWP (per NBAP RRI)

High average RTWP in spite of lowaverage TCP (low DL traffic)

Sometimes extreme UL




TCP (per NBAP RRI) as % of maximum power

no se r se n s ce


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RTWP (per NBAP RRI)


Bad cellBad cell effected by electronic screeneffected by electronic screen

High RTWP during most of the timeHigh RTWP during most of the time



Time


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RTWP (per NBAP RRI)


Wrong RTWP reporting due to false commissioningWrong RTWP reporting due to false commissioning

RTWP (reported) = RTWP (measured at antenna connector)

+ feeder loss (commissioned)

MHA gain (commissioned)



BTS indicates RTWP = -112 dB = no signal

But there is very high traffic in the cell

TCP (per NBAP RRI)

As % of maximum power

Check the following commissioning parameters

MHA in use

Cable lossDetails in chapter 5 sl. 9-11


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total transmitted power Ptx Total area 2 [dBm]

Overloaded area for 20 W

Ptx Target [dBm] + PtxOffset [dB]

Marginal Load Area 1

41dBm

43 dBm

40 dBm

46 dBm

Overloaded area for 40 W

Marginal Load Area 2

total transmitted power Ptx Total area 1 [dBm]

DL performance (1/3)



load ()

ore eas e

load andcoverage withmore PwR

but much more

interference inreceived part

More visible capacity and coverage, but more inter cell interferenceMore visible capacity and coverage, but more inter cell interference

Causes of DL interference:Causes of DL interference:

Too much common Ch PwR User down link service allocation

TX IMP (3rd order) CPICH over shooting

CCCH

37.5 dBm

FixedPwR.

capacity

Decrease power to

perform more capacityby less neighbour

interference in RSSIpart

max,_

_

BTStx

totaltx

DLP

P=

max,_

_

BTStx

totaltx

DLP

P=More coverage

*IMP = Inter-modulation products


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In general the TCP increases in theIn general the TCP increases in theafternoon, and sometimes goes up toafternoon, and sometimes goes up toalmost 100% of the maximum poweralmost 100% of the maximum power

DL performance (2/3)

TCP (per NBAP RRI)

As % of maximum power



Time


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Ec/I0 (per call setup)

Red = RT

Green = NRT

DL performance (3/3)With increasing TCP the Ec/Io quality of theWith increasing TCP the Ec/Io quality of the

cell goes down. So low Ec/Io of this cell iscell goes down. So low Ec/Io of this cell ismainly a consequence of high DL load.mainly a consequence of high DL load.



Trend towards lower EC/I0 with increasing TCP

(own cell interference)

TCP as % of maximum power

(per call setup)


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Code power improvement (1/2)

Idea:Better QoS within cell area, without change request for SHO window setting/upgradeApplicable for areas with more request of SHO state/probability (high mobility)

Expected improvement: RT/speech improvement

More total capacity Not for NRT service



coverage/coverage/

CPICH areaCPICH area

QoS at cell edge andQoS at cell edge andaddition more coverage byaddition more coverage byextending of CPICH area,extending of CPICH area,but due to more PwRbut due to more PwRdistribution at cell edgedistribution at cell edge --less # of usersless # of users -- lower totallower total

capacitycapacity


26/121

Code Power allocation within initial access & ASU

Initial Code Power of the first Radio LinkInitial Code Power of the first Radio Link

Bitmap RN4.0 - Bit 8 options

Initial Code Power of a SHO BranchInitial Code Power of a SHO Branch

Code power improvement (2/2)



Bitmap RN4.0 - Bit 2 options

Target:

MML Bit 8: Improvement of initial CDR,MML Bit 2: CSSR improvement within SHO more QoS


27/121


28/121

When the RL is established (RRC connection setup) the following equation is used todefined the initial DL power

= tx_totalCPICHtx,_0

1PP

RP

E

NE

initxc

b

RU10 implementation

Code power for initial access (2/6)



The determination of the transmission power requires knowledge about several parametervalues:

planned Eb/Noof the connection (EbNo RM + EbNo Cell)

signal-to-interference ratio per chip of the CPICH ( ) measured by the UE

W is the chip rate, Ris bit rate, Ptx_total is measured by the base station (and reportedback to the RNC in Radio Resource Indication)

Ptx_CPICHis the CPICH power (determined by PtxPrimaryCPICH)

is the orthogonality factor (WRAB: DLOrthog: 0 .. 1; 0.01; 0.5)

0

IEc

0


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R = 64 kbit/s service with required DL Eb/No: 4.5dB = 2.82

PtxCPICH: 33dBm = 2 W

= 0.5,

Ptx_total = 37dBm = 5.011 W

Ec/Io (measured by UE) = -10dB = 0.1

Code power for initial access (3/6)RU10 implementation



Ptx_init = 2.82*64/3840 (1/0.1 2W - 0.5 5.011W) = 822.5 mW (29.15 dBm)

mWWW

schip

bpsowerInitialDLP 822)011,5*5.02*

1.0

1(*

/3840000

64000*82.2==


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Initial Code Power of the first Radio Link - Bitmap RN4.0 - Bit 8 option a

MML BusinessMML Business -- Bit 8 option a),Bit 8 option a),It is all about a 8 bit parameter in PRFILEIt is all about a 8 bit parameter in PRFILE

Option a)CPICH Ec/No value, which UE hasreported for the target cell, is useddirectly in defining the initial code

power, e.g -10 dB CPICH.

Option a) not modified = 0 dB

No influence of HO but PwR

distributionPwR

(dBm)




reported from UE

RSSI

coverage

sensitivity

Ec/No

RRC

setup

29.15dBm29.15dBmTxPwPTxPwP DCHDCH

-10 dB33 dBm33 dBm

TxPwPTxPwP CPICHCPICH

-10 dB


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Initial Code Power of the first Radio Link - Bitmap RN4.0 - Bit 8 option b

MML BusinessMML Business -- Bit 8 option b),Bit 8 option b),It is all about a 8 bit parameter in PRFILEIt is all about a 8 bit parameter in PRFILE

reported from UE

This feature will increase DCHTx PwR and make coverage

bigger (only for initial access)

PwR

(dBm)




ar w more up o se ar w more up o se

Ec/Io

RRC setupInitial report from UE

-6 dB offset

Increase of initial TXPwR of DCH+6.46 dB more up+6.46 dB more up

6 dB subtracted frommeasured CPICH Ec/Io

Option b)6 dB is subtracted from the measured CPICHEc/No value, which UE has reported, for increasingthe initial code power value. This is the originalimplementation in RU10 and RAS06.

3642 mW/822mW= 4 times more

PwR for DL RL(DCH)

RSSI

More coverage for service

sensitivity

Ec/No

-6 dBEc/Io

29.15dBm29.15dBm

TxPwPTxPwP DCHDCH

35.61dBm - 29.15dBm = 6.46 dB

RRC setup

35.61 TxPwP35.61 TxPwPDCHDCH


32/121



= 0.5,


Ec/Io (measured by UE + modified by RNC) = -10dB - 6dB= -16dB = 0.025

reported from UE

Initial Code Power of the first Radio Link - Bitmap RN4.0 - Bit 8 option b




Ptx_init = 2.82*64/3840 (1/0.025 2W - 0.5 5.011W) = 3642 mW (35.61 dBm)

WWW

schip

bpsowerInitialDLP 642.3)011,5*5.02*

025.0

1(*

/3840000

64000*82.2==


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Initial Code Power of a SHO Branch RN4.0 - Bit 2 options

Initial code power of soft handover branch (1/5)

The aim is to keep the code powers of the radio links equal

In In

each cell of the active set.



DL transmit power allocation happens in the following way:

Measured EcNo of AS cell and target cells are available in CRNC

CPICH Ec/No of the best cell is not present in the CRNC


34/121

Initial Code Power of a SHO Branch RN4.0 - Bit 2 options


Option a)Option a)

(Measured EcNo of AS cell and target cells are available in CRNC)

6 dB is added to the highest CPICH Ec/No value, which UE has reported forthe target cell and the active set cells in defining the initial code power value,so that the value equals to -6 dB of the RL specific maximum value at most.


34 Nokia Siemens Networks

.

Option b)Option b)

(Measured EcNo of AS cell and target cells are available in CRNC)

Highest CPICH Ec/No value, which UE has reported for the target cell and the

active set cells, is used directly in defining the initial code power value so thatthe value equals to -6 dB of the RL specific maximum value at most.

(This is the original RU10 implementation.)


35/121

It is all about bit 2a parameter in PRFILEIt is all about bit 2a parameter in PRFILE

Initial Code Power of a SHO Branch RN4.0 - Bit 2 option a)

PwR(dBm)

Option a)If measured Ec/No of AS cell and target cells areavailable in RNC, than 6 dB is addedthan 6 dB is added to the highestCPICH Ec/No value, which UE has re orted for the

Ec/No = MIN(Ec/No + 6 dB, 0)

Less required Ec/Io or QoS forSHO branch less powerneeded. This feature will increase

-

RLPwR config.RLPwR config.

-- not used for add Window changenot used for add Window change




SHO E1Areport from UE

RSSI

CPICH RSCP

coverage

Target cell

target cell and the active set cells in defining the initial

code power value so that the value "equals" to -- 6 dB of6 dB ofthe RL specific maximum PwRthe RL specific maximum PwR.

. -risk on radio link failure (DCH)

Ec/No Ec/Io

6 dB offsetTarget cell

SHO E1Areport from UE

117.5 mW/ 822.5 mW =Only 15% PwR for RL

(DCH) needed ,improves capacity

RSCP DCHDCH

offsetoffset of 8.45of 8.45dB for DCHdB for DCHwithin ASwithin AS

+6 dB+6 dBEc/Io upEc/Io up

sensitivity

29.15 dBm - 20.70 dBm= 8.45 dB


36/121



= 0.5,


Ec/Io (measured by UE + modified by RNC) = -10dB + 6dB= - 4dB = 0.4

reported from UE

Initial Code Power of a SHO Branch RN4.0 - Bit 2 option a)




Ptx_init = 2.82*64/3840 (1/0.4 2W - 0.5 5.011W) = 117.5 mW (20.70 dBm)

mWWWschip

bpsowerInitialDLP 5.117)011,5*5.02*

4.0

1(*

/3840000

64000*82.2==


37/121

Initial Code Power of a SHO Branch RN4.0 - Bit 2 option b)

It is all about a bit 2 parameter in PRFILEIt is all about a bit 2 parameter in PRFILE

This feature works correctThis feature works correctwith MML Bit 2b, no offsetwith MML Bit 2b, no offset

for initial RRC RL setupfor initial RRC RL setup

Option b)If UE measured Ec/No of AS cell and targetcells in CRNC, highest CPICH Ec/No value isused in the initial code ower.




RSCP CPICH(dBm)

RSSI

RSCP DCHDCH

coverage

Target cell

Initial SHO report from UE

PwR (dBm)

Ec/No

Used directly indefining the initial

code power value -

Feature deactivated

No additional offset is in use !

No offsetNo offset forforDCH within ASDCH within AS

C d ll i (1/2)


38/121

MML example:MML example:

Bit 2

Less PwR for RL improvesquick forcing of HO to newtarget cell, and decrease totalPwR of each RL and increasetotal cell capacity - but due to

Code power allocation summary (1/2)



CPICH areaCPICH area

effectively gain for capacity

New shortterm service

area for DCHOne or two links

SHOThreshold

area

This solution is "eating" for set up of first RL high power. In case of low SHO probability - toomuch reserved PwR for RL set up at cell edge, this PwR is missing for NRT service on cellcentre; (NRT services needs more PwR)

C d ll ti (2/2)


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Bit 8

No change

Change here

Code power allocation summary (2/2)Parameter settings and conclusion



Bit 2

No change

Change here

HSDPA Quality (1/8)


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HSDPA Quality (1/8)

Inner loop PC

DL DCH

UE calculates SIR valuesand compares BLER

Power

commandup/down

HS-DSCH RL-Adaptation/AMCDCH

RL PwR

PC

R99

BLER-targetRNC/via DCHRRC signalling

HS-SCCH

R99 power control and HSDPA link adaptation



Iub

UE sends CQI values toW-BTS (based onevaluation of CPICH Ec/Iovalues

HSDPA

target values from RNC

via DPCCH (DL). UE usedautonomic CRC check &BER for DPDCHestimation & PC feedback

via DPCCH (UL)

R99

DPCCH (PC)

HS-DPCCHOuter loop

link adaptation(correction of CQI,

internal - NACK/ACK,

HSDPA packet,HARQ)

CQI/TBS

(inner loop)

HSDPAAMC

Resourcemanagement:

RNC dynamic

code allocation,Dynamic powerallocation

BLER adaptation/at AC

HSDPA/R99

BLER target adjustableBLER target adjustableonly for R99only for R99

HSPA hard codedHSPA hard coded

HSDPA Quality (2/8)


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HSDPA Channels

HS-PDSCHHigh-Speed Physical DL Shared Channel


HS-SCCHShared Control Channel for HS-DSCH


HS-DPCCH -

HS-DPCCHDedicated Physical Control Channel (UL) for HS-DSCH





HS-DPCCH -


HSDPA Quality (2/8)



Fast power control in dependence onCQI Feedback of UE

Fast power control parallel to DPCCHwith offset for CQI ACK/NACK

associated DCHDedicated Channel




HSDPA Quality (3/8)


42/121

Link adaptation on HS-PDSCH

Link adaptation algorithm UE monitors Ec/Io and learns about HS-PDSCH

transmission power (PHS-PDSCH SIG )

UE converts Ec/Io to CQI measured based on

internal algorithm UE reports CQI every 4 ms (NSN solution)

Node B corrects reported CQI measured to CQIcompensated based on

- - --

HSDPA Quality (3/8)



Number of ACK and NACK

Node B decides about transport block size fornext sub-frame

Modulation

Coding rate

Number of codes

-High-Speed Physical DL Shared ChannelHigh-Speed Physical DL Shared Channel














Iub

HSDPA Quality (4/8)


43/121

CQI inner loop benchmark

new Es/Ionew Es/Io

BandwidthBandwidth

CQICQI

RSSIRSSIPwRPwR

HSHS

DSCHDSCH

Es/IoEs/Io

HSDPA connection re-transmission originatesfrom: MAC-hs layer between UE and Node B(HARQ)

AMC (QPSK/16 QAM, & convolution) - no PC

HSDPA Quality (4/8)



Link adaptations

QPSK

16 QAM

HSDPA Quality (5/8)


44/121

CQI outer loop benchmark with HARQ

HARQHARQretransmission stepsretransmission steps

Es/NoEs/No

MoreMoreretransmissionsretransmissions

Outer loop link adaptation

ACK received transmission ofa packet

NACK/ACK receivedtransmission of a packet

HSDPA Quality (5/8)



convolutionNET 3 retransmissions3 retransmissions

Incremental redundancy = more Gp (processing gain)

Es/NoEs/No

HSHS

DSCHDSCH

GpGp

RSSIRSSI

convolutionNET

Es/NoEs/No

HSHS

DSCHDSCH

RSSIRSSI

convolutionNET

HSHS

DSCHDSCH

RSSIRSSI

less BLERless BLER

RLC layer between UE andRNC

TCP layer between UE andapplication server

HSDPA Quality (6/8)


45/121

CQIMEASURED = 3233 bits per TB (117 K)e.g. PHS-PDSCH SIG = 37 dBm

CQI compensation makes it difficult to map reported CQI from UE log filesinto expected HSDPA transport block size

=

CQI benchmark with compensation

HSDPA Quality (6/8)



e.g. PHS-PDSCH TRUE = 40 dBm

X = (40 37) dB = 3 dBCQICOMPENSATED = 3 + 3 = 6461 bits per TB (230 K)

in high-speed downlink packet access,

an indicator of the relative instantaneouschannel quality that is calculated usingthe transmission time interval andinstantaneous and relative channelthroughput

HSDPA Quality (7/8)


46/121

--

Automatic PwR management

process no individual

improvement possible

CQI based power control on HS-SCCH

HSDPA Quality (7/8)

















Iub

Outer loop PCInner loop PC

HSDPA Quality (8/8)


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6.00%

8.00%

10.00%

12.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

120.00%

CQI Class CQI cdf

CQI 27 is10.8 Mbps atBLER 10%

9.8 MbpsCQI 28 is11.7 Mbps atBLER 10%10.7 Mbps

Most typical

CQI= 22

DPA* improved

CQI benchmark example

HSDPA Quality (8/8)



Look at CQI distribution- better throughput with higher CQI

0.00%

2.00%

.

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion

-Class

0

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion

-Class

1

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion

-Class

2

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion

-Class

3

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion

-Class

4

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion

-Class

5

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion

-Class

6

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion

-Class

7

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion-Class

8

Repo

rtedCQ

IDistribu

tion

-Class

9

Repo

rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

10

Repo

rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

11

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

12

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

13

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

14

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

15

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution-Class

16

Repo

rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

17

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

20

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

21

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

22

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rtedCQ

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ribution

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

25

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rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

26

Repo

rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

27

Repo

rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

28

Repo

rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

29

Repo

rtedCQ

IDist

ribution

-Class

30

0.00%

20.00%

.

6W->12W) CQI by 3dB

*DPA = Dynamic Power Allocation

HSUPA Quality (1/3)


48/121

Comparing ofSIR target /SIR measured

in W-BTS

For R99/R6

AGCH, RGCH (PwR ratio)

Fast Link adaptation

HSUPA (DL)

R99

UE calculates SIRtarget & BLER/BERfor DCH (OLPC)

R99and E-DCH(OLPC)targets/differences

HSUPA

E-AGCH/E-RGCH isrelative to PtxCPICH!

AGCH, RGCH ->

E-TFC selection

HSUPA link adaptation and power control

SU Qua ty ( /3)



Fast Link adaptation (UL)

Happy bits, E-DPCCH

Scheduling info E-DPDCH

HSUPA (UL)

IubInner loop PC

Outer loop PCDPCCH (R99)

SIR measured

E-DPCCH (R6)

SIR measured

Resourcemanagement:

RNC dynamiccode allocation,Dynamic powerallocation

BLER adaptation/at AC

HSUPA/R99

BLER (defined by RNC)

(frame protocol) SIRtarget send to W-BTS

SIR TARGET min/max for R99 adjustable onlySIR TARGET min/max for R99 adjustable only

HSUPA Quality (2/3)


49/121

SchedulingGrants

E-AGCH

Absolute Grant: E-RNTI & max. power ratio E-DPDCH/DPCCH

E-RGCHRelative Grant: UP / HOLD / DOWN

E-DPCCH - -

Node B

Scheduling Request

Scheduling information (MAC-e) or happy bit (E-DPCCH)

SchedulingGrants

E-AGCH

Absolute Grant: E-RNTI & max. power ratio E-DPDCH/DPCCH

E-RGCHRelative Grant: UP / HOLD / DOWN

E-DPCCH - -

Node B

Scheduling Request

Scheduling information (MAC-e) or happy bit (E-DPCCH)

y ( )

HSUPA Channels



UE

, ,

E-DPDCHUser data & CRC

E-HICHACK/NACK

UE

, ,

E-DPDCHUser data & CRC

E-HICHACK/NACK

UE determines gain factor ed,k based on maximum Aedgiven by service grant and selected E-TFC

HSUPA Quality (3/3)


50/121

HSUPA benchmark (link adaptation)

Fast Link Adaptation

new C/Inew C/I

RTWPRTWP

AGHAGH

RGHRGH

PwRPwR

EE--DCHDCH

C/IC/I

OLP SIR target R99/R6OLP SIR target R99/R6

Change of SIR target basedon difference current BLERrelated to target BLER

new SIR targetnew SIR target

PwRPwR

Outer Loop PC

y ( )



E-DPDCHked = c* AedE-DPDCHked = c* Aed

e.g. from 26 to27 for RGCH

Transmissionpower offset ofthe E-AGCH/E-RGCH is relativeto PtxCPICH!

BandwidthBandwidth

BandwidthBandwidth

RTWPRTWPEE--DCHDCH

Comparing ofSIR target /SIR measuredin W-BTS

For R99/R6

DPCCH (R99)

SIR measured

E-DPCCH (R6)

SIR measured

AMR features (1/3)


51/121

( )

Coverage enhancement

Definition:

Procedure for the AMR speechcodec that is used to select the

most appropriate speech andchannel codec mode to apply ata given time.

PwRPwR(dBm)(dBm)

Receved powerReceved power

DCHDCH

RSSIRSSI



With strong codec moreprocessing will improvecoverage area.

distancedistance

Min sensitivity AMR

Min sensitivity no AMR

Coverage improvement

due to more processing


52/121

AMR features (3/3)


53/121

Quality improvement

QoS class Radio Access Bearer

Speech AMR 12.2

AMR (12.2, 7.95, 5.90, 4.75)

AMR (5.90, 4.75)

AMR-WB (12.65, 8.85, 6.6)

CS Conversational CS C DCH:64/DCH:64

New:

AMR related to load -standard Codec

4.75 / 5.9 / 7.95 / 12.2 andenhanced 6.6 / 8.85 /



QoS class Radio Access Bearer

PS Interactive / Background

PS I/B DCH/DCHPS I/B DCH(16,64,128,384)/DL:HS-DSCH

PS I/B UL:E-DCH/DL:HS-DSCH

PS Streaming PS S DCH(8,16,32,64,128)/DCH(8,16,32,64,128,256)

PS S DCH(16,64,128)/DL:HS-DSCH

PS S UL:E-DCH/DL:HS-DSCH

CS Streaming

CS S DCH(14.4)/DCH(14.4)

CS S DCH(57.6)/DCH(57.6)

Different criterion atAdmission Control for

CS speech and PSstreaming (StreamingLoad = Semi-controllable load)

.

Air interface and neighbour optimization


54/121


ImprovementImprovement

accomplishedaccomplished



Content


55/121


Propagation Delay


Adjacency based measurements

NetAct tools (optimiser)



Propagation delay counters (1/3)


56/121

Range 60 km (this is fixed in RAS06)

bin 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

from(m) 0 234 468 936 1170 1638 2106 3042 3978 4914 6084 7020 7956 10062 14976 19890 25038 29952 34866 40014 50076

PROP_DELAY (from) 0 1 2 4 5 7 9 13 17 21 26 30 34 43 64 85 107 128 149 171 214

to(m) 234 468 936 1170 1638 2106 3042 3978 4914 6084 7020 7956 10062 14976 19890 25038 29952 34866 40014 50076 infinite

PROP_DELAY (to) 0 1 3 4 6 8 12 16 20 25 29 33 42 63 84 106 127 148 170 213

bin size(m) 234 234 468 234 468 468 936 936 936 1170 936 936 2106 4914 4914 5148 4914 4914 5148 10062

1 PD step at Iub =1 PD step at Iub =

PRACH delay classes

For PRACHDelayRange = 60 km



Remember !Remember !

Multipath delays due tomultipath propagation (1 s 300 m path difference).Components with delay

separation more than 1 chip(0.260 s = 78 m) can beseparated and combined.

Via interface Iub PD isgiven with 3 chip resolutiononly.

78 m x 3 = 234 m distance78 m x 3 = 234 m distance

Distance (PD with 3 chipresolution)

P-RACH

PRACH propagation delay statistics is presented

using a distribution consisting of 21 countersM1006C128-M1006C148.



57/121

One of the counters is updated by value 1 when the UEsends RRC Connection Request or RRC Cell Update.

Each counter covers one or more PROP_DELAY values

and the mapping of measured values to counters can becontrolled by WCEL parameter PRACHDelayRangethat

defines five different mapping tables for various cell sizes(5, 10, 20, 60 and 180 km)



M1006C128 the number of propagation delay values reported by BTS in which thedelay is in class 0 range

Classes from 0 to 20

Estimating of UE BTS distancesbased on PRACHpropagationdelay

Class 2seenext slide (from468 to 936 m)



58/121

300000

400000

500000

600000

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

120.00%

average

PRACH example, RNC level, 2 weeks data

Main Distance 468-936 m



0

100000

200000

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_0

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_1

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_2

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_3

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_4

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_5

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_6

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_7

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_8

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_9

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_10

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_11

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_12

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_13

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_14

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_15

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_16

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_17

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_18

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_19

PRAC

H_DE

LAY_

CLAS

S_20

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

Propagation delay analysis RT versus NRT


59/121

It should be verified, whethercells showing distant accesshave fragmented dominanceoutside the intended cell area

(introduced e.g. by reflectiondue to the hilly terrain).

Furthermore it should be

RT/NRT services monitored at Iub



proved, whether with a higher

setting of the open loop powercontrol parameter PRACHRequired Received C/I(default = -25 dB, e.g. shift to -20 dB) unwanted distant accesswill be avoided.

TOOearly

Access

1 chip approx. 78 m120 chips approx. 936 m

Propagation delay analysis user mobility and cell overlap (1/2)


60/121

Worst cell during late afternoon

Average little i = 8.2

Impact of cell performance



Most access requests at cell edge

Check PRACH settings, not only strongestinterferers

Propagation delay / 3 chips

Propagation delay analysis user mobility and cell overlap (2/2)


61/121



Now most access requestsclose to Node B

Take into account mobilityof the UEs Worst cell much better in the morning

Average little i = 1.5

Propagation delay / 3 chips



62/121

Propagation Delay



DelayDelay

improvedimproved

Air interface and neighbor optimization


63/121


Propagation Delay


- Neighbour evaluation- Cell matrix structure

- Cell overshooting

-

Soc Classification level63 Nokia Siemens Networks /

- Combined neighbour lists



Neighbour evaluation (1/2)


64/121

Adjacency Based Measurements

Each cell has its own neighbouring cell list initiallydefined by radio network planning. This is a list of thoseneighbouring cells to which handover can be made.

The results of neighbour cell measurements can be used

to optimise those lists. The benefits of optimised lists arebetter call quality and shorter handover delays.

RNC

Serving

BTS

UEs


missing from actual definitionmissing from actual definition

Locate and delete unused adjacenciesLocate and delete unused adjacencies

Identify and optimise badly performingIdentify and optimise badly performingadjacenciesadjacencies

Neighbour evaluation (2/2)


65/121

First evaluate Ec/Io and little i ofFirst evaluate Ec/Io and little i ofserving cell due to overlap withserving cell due to overlap withnearby cellsnearby cells

Then check neighbour list to detectThen check neighbour list to detectstrong nearby cells not defined asstrong nearby cells not defined asadjacencies yetadjacencies yet


Neighbour candidatesNeighbour candidates

-- # SC of CPICH canditates (visable)

- Ec/Io, RSCP- Propagation delay (distance)- # of reportings- Intra/inter Node B relations

own

other

powerRxTotalpowerRxTotali____

ceinterferencellownceinterferencellother

==

Cell matrix structure (1/2)


66/121

ExampleExample,153 from total 163 event

1A reports indicate ADJSC 25The average additionwindow offset is only 1.24


e a r x repor s ow a acen cee a r x repor s ow a acen ceproperties in particular serving cell:properties in particular serving cell:

N (number) - Serving cell visibility =Number of 1a reports indicating serving cell

ADJ DL SC DL SC of adjacent cell ADJ N (number) - Adjacent cell visibility =

Number of 1a reports indicating adjacent cell

ADJ WIN_E1A - Average adjacent cellwindow offset (dB)

ADJ i - Adjacent cell Little i * visibility INTRA - Adjacent cell is from same site asserving cell

dB, recommended

parameter setting is 4 dB-too late access to thiscell-too much overlap withthis cell

Visibility =

Number of reportsindicating neighbour n /

Total number of reports

Cell matrix structure (2/2)


67/121

Frequently reported

But not very strong

Very strong

But fortunately veryseldom reported

Very seldom reported

AND very weak

Remove from neighbor list


Check e.g. for localreflection

Frequently reportedAND very strong

Check downtilt of neighbors

Check overshooting of neighbors

Check user distribution in server

Check SHO performance in server

Cell overshooting (1/2)

Low cell quality due to distant interferer overshooting problem


68/121

Low cell quality due to distant interferer overshooting problem

CPICH


Identify and optimise badly performing adjacenciesIdentify and optimise badly performing adjacencies

Too much Interference power from cell out of the clusterToo much Interference power from cell out of the cluster

(LOS / low path loss problem)(LOS / low path loss problem)

Cell overshooting (2/2)

Example


69/121

Example

Number of RRC connection setups in cell 12671

Extremely distantaccess because ofstreet can on effect


Cell overlap and impact for RT/NRT traffic (1/2)


70/121

0.60.6

0.250.25

00

0.50.5

Little i values indicates grade ofcell power overlap.

More overlap -> less throughputper cell

0.750.751.51.5

510 kbps (I = 1.5) /850 kbps (i = 0.75)= 67% more throughput


Two times better little i2/3 more speed per cell !

850 Kbps850 Kbps

510 Kbps510 Kbps

Little i = 1,Little i = 1,ThroughputThroughput

710 Kbps710 Kbps

1150 Kbps, e.g little i 0.61150 Kbps, e.g little i 0.6

Cell overlap and impact for RT/NRT traffic (2/2)


71/121

Example of DL/ULdistribution of differentservices with fixed littlei value

From number of trunks-> CE equivalent


3 users a 384 k =3 users a 384 k =1200 Kbps1200 Kbps

Dashed lines = ULSolid lines = DL

Combined neighbour lists (1/2)Neighbour list combination procedure-


72/121

Active Set may contain cells, which are not necessary adjacencies with each other.

The list of cells to be measured is send by the RNC in a MEASUREMENT CONTROLmessage and is changed at every Active Set Update. The RNC then combinesthe Neighbour lists according to the following rules:

1. Active set cells are included

2. Nei hbour cells which are common to three active set cells are included

SHO/ISHO to undefined neighbour possible


3. Neighbours which are common to the controlling cell and a second active setcell are included. (cell, other than the controlling cell, which has the highestCPICH Ec/Io)

4. Neighbour cells which are common to two active set cells are included

5. Neighbour cells which are defined for only one active set cell are included

6. Neighbours which are defined only for the second ranked cell are included7. Neighbours which are defined only for the third ranked cell are included

If the total number of cells to be measured exceeds the maximum value of 32 during any step thenhandover control stops the Neighbour list generation

Combined neighbour lists (2/2)


73/121

Because of the combination explained inthe previous slide, it is possible to measure

handover activity between 2 cells which donot have an adjacency defined betweenthem.

Neighboured1

23 4

5

Neighboured1

23 4

5


-adjacencies exist between cells 2-6 and 6-7, but not between 2-7. Activity ismeasured when the lists of cells 2 and 6are combined and 7 can be added, while 2is still the best cell in the Active Set. The

same effect applies for Inter-System listcombining

Not neighboured

6

7

89

UE path

Not neighboured

6

7

89

UE path

Air interface and neighbour optimizationNeighbour optimization methods


74/121


I found my new

neighbour but he is stillless strong than me!

Content



75/121


Propagation Delay



- Advanced measurement methods for adjacencies and adjacent cell interference

- Filters and SHO window analysis



Advanced measurement methods


76/121

SHO + DSR measurements RSCP over Ec/Io analysis

Little i distribution and service detection SHO/HHO share


SHO + DSR measurements (1/2)


77/121

Also non-neighbours can be measured with DSR. Both - incoming andongoing interference levels can be studied with certain cell pairs.

Interference information is based on UE measurements where the

signal strength and quality of every Primary Scrambling code isreported to RNC.


non-neighbour

Detected set measurements are notcoming from undefined neighbours(based on ICSU logs)

It is possible to see WCDMA internalinternalinterference situationinterference situation of certain cellwhich is caused by other WCDMAcaused by other WCDMA cells(in terms of distance, RSCP and Ec/Io).

SHO + DSR measurements (see also tool optimizer)

SHO + DSR measurements (2/2)


78/121

The analysis shows for example the number of measured adjacencies withnumber of reports (SHO + DSR measurements) and if it is neighbour or not.

If there is lot of reports from non-neighbour cell it would make sense to add itto the neighbour, at least if the distance is reasonable and if the RSCP levels

are high. This will mean that the cell could be interferer, especially if there isnot much SHOs (low SHO share %) to that cell (even with SHO combination).

DSR resultfrom no


neighbour

RSCP,EcNocriteria

Ec/Io versus RSCP in DL

Ec/Io over RSCP analysis (1/3)


79/121

PwRPwR

(dBm)(dBm)

Ec/Io over RSCP will decreaseEc/Io over RSCP will decreaseover the entire area of the cellover the entire area of the cell

Break pointBreak pointto initiate HO eventsto initiate HO eventsEc/IoEc/Io

RSSIRSSI


distancedistance

Ec/Io

Ec/Io

RSCPRSCP

RSCPRSCP

RNC level



80/121

-80

-70

(SHOarea) Good coverage and qualityGood coverage, but bad quality

(interference problem with high

optimization demand)

Each point in diagram indicates average performance of a cell


-110

-100

-90

-11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6

Average Ec/Io (SHO area)

AverageRS

C

Bad coverage and quality

(coverage problem with

high optimisation demand)

Bad coverage, but good quality

(coverage problem with

low optimisation demand)


Cell level


81/121

EC/I0 per call

RT calls (red)

Each point in diagram indicates single measurement report


RSCP per callTypical breakpoint around RSCP = -100 dBm

NRT calls (green)

little i = cell overlap by Tx power

Little i distribution and service detection (1/8)


82/121

Rx power

E /I cell centre

i = 0.3 i = 1.0


WBTS 1

EC/I0 cell edge

WBTS 2



83/121

Other to own cell interferenceOther to own cell interference

ratio (i) in each cell:ratio (i) in each cell:

Little i shows stable and goodinterference situations with low overlap

Ratio of neighbour cell interferenceto own cell interference, measured in initial cellInitial cell interference detection

within each cell


o power rom ne g or ce s.

Quality is good in case of values lessthen following values:Macro cells 0.6Micro cell 0.2

CELL A

CELL B

CELL C

RNC level



84/121

Performance duringmorning at RNC level

Number of cells versus average little i


Performance duringlate afternoon

Average little i within example area typicallyaround 1

In general too much overlap between the cells

Overall statistic looks stable in dependence ontime


RNC level


85/121

The cell level interference performanceis very unstable (high little i derivation)

Little i varies in the average by 1!

Main reason is mobilit of the users

--11 +1+1

Approx. 90 % # of cellsApprox. 90 % # of cells

(confidence interval)(confidence interval)

Number of cells versus CHANGE of average little I during the course of the day


(see discussion under propagation

delay)


RNC level


86/121

2

3

S)

Speech (CS) services within

cells are situated in most casesin areas of higher interferencelevel

Each point in diagram indicates average performance of a cellLittle i for CS services versus little I for PS services


0

1

0 1 2 3

Average little i (PS)

Averagelittlei(C

Conclusion:Conclusion:

Cell shrinking effect moreeffecting in PS services !

For PS services in most

cases less interferencethan for CS ones


RNC level

N b f ll SHO b bili f CS / PS i


87/121

SHO overhead: again impact of cell shrinking

More effecting in PS services !Cells starts decreasing of coverage

Number of cells versus SHO probability for CS / PS services



Geographical distribution of little i within a small network


88/121


High little i values between neighboring sites and neighboring sectors only

In most areas good performance


Geographical distribution of the SCATTER of little i within a small network


89/121



Strong scatter especially in areas with high building density

Very low scatter in open areas

Example shows high LNF impacts

Causes

CPICH pollution

high power consumption

alternating / temporary IMP

SHO/HHO share provides distribution of HO attempts from the source cell

SHO/HHO share (1/2)


90/121

Useful detect neighbour relations which has exceptional amount of attempts

It is possible to get the total number of outgoing HO attempts from the AutodefHOmeasurements by taking a sum over all the adjacencies reported for a

source cell

SHO HO Share (M1013 AutoDef SHO)



IFHO HO Share (M1014 AutoDef IFHO)

ISHO HO Share (M1015 AutoDef ISHO)

)_____(______

)_____(*100903___

ATTSHOFREQINTRAADJSHOcellthefromadjaalloverSum

ATTSHOFREQINTRAADJSHOsumaRNCShareSHO =

)_____(______

)_____(*100904___

ATTHHOFREQINTERADJHHOcellthefromadjaalloverSum

ATTHHOFREQINTERADJHHOsumaRNCShareIFHO =

)_____(______

)_____(*100905___

ATTHHOSYSINTERADJHOcellthefromadjaalloverSum

ATTHHOSYSINTERADJHOsumaRNCShareISHO =

SHO/HHO share (2/2)


91/121

The SHO/HHO success rate per adjacency can be calculated by using formulas below

Can be used to detect badly performing neighbours

SHO Success per Adjacency (M1013 AutoDef SHO)

)_____(

)_____(*100900_____

ATTSHOFREQINTRAADJSHOsum

COMPLSHOFREQINTRAADJSHOsumaRNCADJSpersuccessSHO =



IFHO Success per Adjacency (M1014 AutoDef IFHO)

ISHO Success per Adjacency (M1015 AutoDef ISHO)

)_____(

)_____(*100901_____

ATTHHOFREQINTERADJHHOsum

COMPHHOFREQINTERADJHHOsumaRNCADJIpersuccessIFHO =

)_____(

)_____(*100902_____

ATTHHOSYSINTERADJHOsum

COMPLHHOSYSINTERADJHOsumaRNCADJGpersuccessISHO =

SHO ping-pong

Filters and SHO window analysis (1/7)


92/121

In some cells (= best active cell)we detect the following:

many active set updates during an

ongoing call !

Check:



Signalling performance

CPICH pollution Layer 3 filtering coefficient SHO Ping-Pong

Number of cells

Too late event 1A reporting

Reference PAR

4 dB addition window



93/121

Number of cells

RT calls (red)

NRT calls (green)

Check:

Layer 3 filtering

Addition time



Average EC/I0 difference: Serving cell best neighbor

Initial event 1a report is transmitted, the best adjacent cell is compared with the server

Often this offset is already much lower (stronger neighbor impact) than according theaddition window recommendations especially for NRT calls!

This means too late access with new neighbor ship (active set update)!

Too late event 1B reporting

Number of cells



94/121

u be o ce s

RT calls (red)

NRT calls (green)

Check:

Layer 3 filtering



First event 1b report is transmitted, the best active cell is compared with the worst one

Often this offset is already much bigger than according the drop windowrecommendations!

This means too late drop of the worst active cell (active set update)!

Average EC/I0 difference: Best active cell worst active cellReference PAR

6 dB drop window

Consequences of too late event 1A trigger:Consequences of too late event 1A trigger:

RRC connection might be released, as due to too late E1A RRC release margin might be exceeded!



95/121

g , g g If RRC release margin is not applied, call might drop nevertheless due to high adjacent cell interference, as

neighbor already dominates, which is still not active

Solution:Solution:

Shift Ec/Io filter coefficient e.g. down from 600ms to 400 ms Low addition window size < 4 dB reduces SHO area > coverage gaps are produced because of too small

overlap area between the cells



CELL ANeighbour then new serving

CELL BServing

Ec/Io

Ec/Io

Too late trigger from cell B to cell AToo late trigger from cell B to cell A

Strong dominance area(quality, RSCP)

SHO areaSHO area

RRC Release Margin, due to too high

interference area (NSN default: neighbour 2.5till 3.5 dB stronger then serving cell)

+ 3 dB

Drop of Ec/Io quality because of too late event 1A triggering



96/121

lowlowInterferenceInterference

Neighbor cell up to 18dB stronger than serving cell !!Neighbor cell up to 18dB stronger than serving cell !!

Release margin

E1A tri ered in time



Event 1A window size versus Ec/Io quality within individual cellEvent 1A window size versus Ec/Io quality within individual cell

Too late E1A triggerToo small SHO area

Release margin or very low quality will drop UE

HighHigh

InterferenceInterference

Enough overlap between cells

Acceptable quality

EcNoFilterCoefficient (FMCS)EcNoFilterCoefficient (FMCS)

Filter coefficient improvement

EcNoAveragingWindow (FMCS)EcNoAveragingWindow (FMCS)

EcNoAveragingWindowaveraging by RNCHOPS ; 1..32; 1; 8



97/121

EcNoFilterCoefficient (FMCS)EcNoFilterCoefficient (FMCS)

Defines the filtering period for intraDefines the filtering period for intra--frequency CPICH Ec/Io measurements usedfrequency CPICH Ec/Io measurements usedby UE (default = 600ms)by UE (default = 600ms)

Filter response

0t 1 3 5 7 9

11

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

27

29

31

33

Filter response

0

t 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3

EcNoAveragingWindow (FMCS)EcNoAveragingWindow (FMCS)

Defines the number of event triggered or periodic intraDefines the number of event triggered or periodic intrafrequency measurement reports used by RNC to calculatefrequency measurement reports used by RNC to calculateaveraged CPICH Ec/Io (default = 8 Measurements)averaged CPICH Ec/Io (default = 8 Measurements)



-12

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

Measurements

Value,

dB Measured

Filtered, k = 3

Filtered, k = 5

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

Measurements

Value,

dB Measured

Filtered, k = 3

Filtered, k = 5

Delay of fast changes

EcNoFilterCoefficientfiltering by UE

FMCS; 0.2..1.6; 0.2; 0.6 s

LOS

Non LOS = strong LNF

Filter coefficient improvement

No SHO initiated due to too strong filter setting and too long filtering period



98/121

g g g g p Shift Ec/Io filter coefficient from 600 ms to 400 ms

Shortens filter coefficient averaging and evaluation of Ec/Io values

Will respect better strong LNF impacts by more alternating of Ec/Io within short period

Less good Ec/Io reports within serving cell will force quicker initiating of SHO therefore SHO area will

be increased But too low filter period produced very unstable Ec/Io values

Will increase probability of ping pong at drop window (SHO area decrease)






99/121



less CPICHmeasurements per day

can improve my personal

performance moreefficient

Content


Propagation Delay


100/121

p g y




- Adjacency based measurement counters



- Automated adjacency optimization

- Example: SHO success at RNC border

Adjacency Based Measurements Counters

NetAct tool (Optimiser 2.0)


101/121

j y

M1013 Autodef SHO

M1013C0 Number of Intra Frequency SHO attempts Counter is Updated when SRNC starts a Branch Addition or Branch Replacement procedure.

M1013C1 Number of completed Intra Frequency SHO Counter is updated when SRNC successfully ends the Branch Addition or Branch Replacement

procedure.



M1014C0 Number of Inter Frequency HHO attempts

Counter is updated when SRNC starts inter-frequency HHO M1014C1 Number of completed Inter Frequency HHO

Counter is updated when SRNC successfully ends inter-frequency HHO

M1015 Autodef ISHO

M1015C0 Number of Inter System HHO attempts

Counter is updated when SRNC starts inter-system HHO

M1015C1 Number of completed Inter System HHO Counter is update when SRNC receives RANAP:IU RELEASE COMMAND from core network after

successful Inter System HHO

For each measurements (SHO, IFHOand ISHO) Statistic show:Adjacency Based Measurements Counters



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and ISHO) Statistic show:

# of HO attempts

# of HO completed (successful)

to source and target cell objects

Measurement is carried out in SRNC

HO completion is consideredsuccessful if the SRNC during the

Adjacency Based Measurements Counters



any errors (errors in the source RNCside or failure messages fromRRC/Iu/Iur/Iub interfaces)

Object identifiers for M1013 and M1014

Source-RNC/Source-CID

Target-RNC/Target-CID

MCC/MNC

Object identifiers for M1015 (ISHO)

Source-RNC/Source-CID

GSM-LAC/GSM-CID

MCC/MNC


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Automated Adjacency Optimisation for 3G in Optimizer 2.0



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Creating new adjacencies


A fast way to identify missing intra-frequencyadjacencies


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adjacencies

Interference measurements colleted fromRNC

New adjacencies can be created based onthat statistics



lists

for other adjacency types Optimizer creates adjacency candidates

Candidates are downloaded to network andmeasured

Statistics collected directly from RNC Cell pair Ec/No difference

Successful BSIC verifications & BSIC verificationtime

Final adjacency list is generated


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How to create Missing ADJx based on PM data-1

1. Select area from the map

and start the ADJ Optimization tool



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p



2. Select ADJG, ADJS and ADJW types


3 S l t i ht ti f l



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3. Select right actions from rules,

common Deletion and

Creation tabs



How to create Missing ADJx based on PM data-36. Save plan from here with

any name



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5. Start from here



4. Purpose is to search all ADJS and ADJG newneighbours which are within certain max distance like

1-5 km in urban area and 4-10 km outside urban area.After that only those will be selected which have

enough SHO/ISHO attempts.




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7. List all new neighbors



How to create Missing ADJx based on PM data-5 8. Select the whole week

or one day for PM data analysis



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10. Update the list of

9. Select the right profile tobrowser (ADJG, ADJS)



e g ours rom ere

11. Sort according to

the PM attempts

How to create Missing ADJx based on PM data-612. See the ADJ on top of the map



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13. Provision the selected neighbors to the network



Note ! These neighbors are defined only for one way direction.See next slides how to make those bi-directionally (Refreshactual operation with RAC)


14. Open the CM data exchange

under the main window



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under the main window

15. Select refresh actual and wait

Until the data is updated



16. Open the adjacency optimization without selecting any

tabs from Deletion or Creation, just to find just created one way ADJx


17. Save the plan and list the planned elements



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18. You can see now the ADJx neigbours which

can now provisioned to the network



Creating ADJx based on DSR measurements (ICSU)



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Detected set measurements are not coming fromundefined neighbours (based on ICSU logs)

Aim is to find source of interference

cell having many DSR results but no SHO



Solutions

Add found cell to the neighbour

Down tilt to decrease the interference

DSR measurements are suitable also for ADJGneighbours

DSR activation

Creating ADJx based on DSR measurements (ICSU)



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When DSR is not activated, UE monitors only cells in its NCL (either read fromBCCH or sent from RNC in SHO case).

When DSR IS activated, UE scans ALL scrambling codes in same frequencyband and if cells are found that fulfil certain criteria, UE reports this/thesecell(s) as detected cells.



criteria for detection is that UE has to be able to detect if Ec/N0 is greater than-18 (or -20???) dB

for a DSR to be triggered, detected cell/s must fulfill "normal" HO criteria, i.e.for example, are within the reported range relative to P-CPICH of strongest AScell.

Details of activation :MML command that is sent to RNC that sets some flag

active and RNC orders UE to measure and report. It can be done by HITmacro, but Optimizer is not (supposed to) using them but same commandsthat are in HIT macros are sent directly to RNC.

SHO Success Ratio RNC2 border with RNC3 Data before parameter change

SHO success at RNC border


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SHO success at RNC border

SHO Success Ratio RNC2 border with RNC3 Data after parameter change


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N t d t h l t


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Net doctor can help most

More sports Less smoking, asks



e c op m zer

Ec/No for Admission ControlThe cell specific Ec/NoAC could be derived from the reported Ec/NoUE using the formula:

Ec/NoAC = MAX (Ec/NoUE delta, -24dBm)

Where delta is:


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Where delta is:

6 dB if the bit 8 of the PRFILE parameter 007:0283 is set to 0

0dB if the bit 8 of the PRFILE parameter 007:0283 is set to 1

Ptx,init



PRFILE parameters

PRFILE = General Parameter File

The system has a group of features which are not included in the basic software ofthe network element delivery

The customer may decide to include them in the software


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The customer may decide to include them in the software

All info about controlling these features is included in PRFILE

One has to keep track of the PRFILE changes since every software upgrade willreturn the default values



Parameter 007:0283 RN_40_MAINT_013

RNC Maintenance reservation

/

Documents

03_Neighbour_GC.pdf