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A brief history of ATM

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1903-1925: First powered flights

First Air

Traffic

Controller ?

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1903-1925: First aerodromes

(Bucharest)

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1903-1925: Early wireless

communications

1910

The world's first radio signal between an aircraft and theground takes place in the United States

1917

First air-to-ground and ground-to-air radio communications byAT&T engineers at LangleyField in Virginia (US).

1901First radio signal across the

Atlantic by G. Marconi

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1920 French-Romanian Air Navigation Companyis founded in Paris, one of the first in the world.1st intercontinental routes.

1919 Dutch KLM worlds oldest continuously operated airtransport company. First air route Amsterdam to London

1903-1925: First airlines

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1903-1925: Mid-air collision

The first mid-air collision ofairliners took place on 7 April1922 over Picardie, France.

The collision in fog of theBritish aircraft flying Croydon-Paris with only mail on board

with the French aircraft flyingthree passengers Paris-Croydon resulted in sevendeaths.

Measures: Carriage of radio

Defined set of routes to befollowed visually

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1st

NOTAM

Minor collision between arrival and

departure at Croydon resulted in aNotice to Airmen (NOTAM) from theDepartment of Civil Aviation.

Pilots to obtain order of priority andawait signal (flag) from thecontroller to take off.

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1st

Advisory Service

Jimmy Jeffs (Croydon)

First advisory service1st flight progress displayMap with pinsMoved on pilot reports and ownestimatesLabels with callsign and altitudesLater holder of ATC Licence No.1 inUK

NOTAM 109/1924:When the aircraft is visible from the control tower , permission todepart will be given from the tower

Introduction of Q code and 1st Standard Departure Routes (noise

abetment)

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1930-1940

1930s: Bonfires are replaced by thousands of rotatinglight beacons, forming the Transcontinental LightedAirway.

Mid 1930s: Radio Beacons emitting radio waves toonboard receivers begin replacing the light beacons.

1933: US introduces Instrument Flight Rules

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1940s: During World War II, radar technology firstdeveloped by the British is refined.

WW-II 1940-1945

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Post WWII

1950s: Radars are widely deployed to control U.S.

commercial traffic; planes continue to fly along fixed

air corridors.

1952: 1st airways in Europe (The Netherlands)

1953: Surveillance radar at Schiphol (10->25

arrivals/hour)

1959: 1st

raw display radar forterminal area in Australia

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The 60s Beginning of the Jet era

Planes begin carrying radar beacons, calledtransponders, identifying planes and making radar moreefficient.

1962: 1st Secondary Surveillance Radar in Europe

(France)

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The modern times 1970s: Air traffic control remains based on radars and

corridors, but the system becomes increasinglycomputerized.

2000s: Plans emerge to replace radars some stilllocated on the same sites as early bonfires with a

satellite-guided system. 2020s: The decade by which the FAA hopes to have the

satellite system, called NextGen, fully operational in theUS

2015-2030: SESAR deployment in Europe