00_wcdma Ran Basic Principle Issue1.0

8/12/2019 00_wcdma Ran Basic Principle Issue1.0

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/00wcdma-ran-basic-principle-issue10 1/39

HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

www.huawei.com

Internal

WCDMA RAN Basic Principle

ISSUE1.0



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 2All rights reserved

Chapter 1 Radio Transmission EnvironmentCha

pter 1 Radio Transmission Environment

Chapter 2 CDMA FundamentalChapter 2 CDMA Fundamental

Chapter !er"orman#e Enhan#ement MethodsChapter !er"orman#e Enhan#ement Methods

Chapter $ %CDMA FDD ModeChapter $ %CDMA FDD Mode



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page All rights reserved

Tra""i# #hannels& di""erent

users are assi'ned uni(ue

#ode and transmitted over

the same "re(uen#) *and+

"or e,ample+ %CDMA and

CDMA2000

Tra""i# #hannels& di""erent "re(uen#) *ands

are allo#ated to di""erent users+"or e,ample+

AM!S and TACS

Tra""i# #hannels& di""erent time slots

are allo#ated to di""erent users+ "or

e,ample+ DAM!S and -SM

F r e ( u

e n # )

T i m e

!oer

F r e ( u

e n # )

T i m e

!oer

F r e ( u

e n # )

T i m e

!oer

FDMA

TDMA

CDMA

U s e r

U s e r

U s e r

U s e r

U s e r

U s e r

Multiple Access Technology



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page !All rights reserved

The highway to WCDMA…..

-SM/00

-SM100

!CS1/00

ED-E%CDMA

2- -

-!RS

/.*ps 113.2*ps 04.2*ps 2M*ps 5 5

2.3-



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page "All rights reserved

A rede WCDMA……

SMS s)stem

SGSN

CGBG

GGSN

GPRS Backbone

MSC/VLR GMSC

HLR/AUC

SS7

PSTN

ISDN

BTS CDMARNC

NodeB

RNC

UEUE(ME + USIM)

UEUE(ME + USIM)

OSSOSSOMC

RRU



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page #All rights reserved

Multi-path eniron!ent e""ect signal trans!ission

Si'nal in the transmitter

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

d

Si'nal in the re#eiver


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/00wcdma-ran-basic-principle-issue10 7/39HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page $All rights reserved

#ading

Distan#e6m7

Re#eived !oer6d8m7

10 20 0

920

9$0

90

Slo "adin'

Fast "adin'


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/00wcdma-ran-basic-principle-issue10 8/39HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page %All rights reserved

#re$uency %election o" #ading

Narrow&and

%yste!

Narrow&and

%yste!

Fadin'

Transmit Si'nal Re#eived Si'nal" "

!6"7 !6"7

Fadin'

Transmit Si'nal Re#eived Si'nal" "

!6"7 !6"7

Broad&and

%yste!

Broad&and

%yste!



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page &All rights reserved

Chapter 1 Radio Transmission EnvironmentChapter 1 Radio Transmission Environment






HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page '(All rights reserved


2.1 Multiple A##ess Te#hnolo') and Duple, Te#hnolo')2.1 Multiple A##ess Te#hnolo') and Duple, Te#hnolo')

2.2 CDMA !rin#iple and RAE Re#eiver 2.2 CDMA !rin#iple and RAE Re#eiver



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page ''All rights reserved

Multiple Access Technology and Duple' Technology

Duple' technology

Ti!e diision duple' (TDD)

#re$uency diision duple' (#DD)

Multiple access technology

#re$uency diision !ultiple access (#DMA)

Ti!e diision !ultiple access (TDMA)

Code diision !ultiple access (CDMA)



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page '2All rights reserved

Characteristics o" CDMA %yste!

*igh %pectral +""iciency

#re$uency !ultiple' coe""icient is ,

so"t capacity

uality

Coerage

Capacity

nter"erence

%el"-inter"erence syste!

A /+ trans!ission power is inter"erence "or another /+



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 'All rights reserved


2.1 Multiple A##ess Te#hnolo') and Duple, Te#hnolo')2.1 Multiple A##ess Te#hnolo') and Duple, Te#hnolo')

2.2 CDMA !rin#iple and RAE Re#eiver 2.2 CDMA !rin#iple and RAE Re#eiver



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page '!All rights reserved

Sour#e

#odin'Channel#odin'

Spreadin' Modulation

Sour#e

de#odin'

Channel

de#odin'Despreadin' Demodulation

Radio #hannelRadio #hannel

Processing Procedure o" CDMA %yste!



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page '"All rights reserved

%preading

Despreading

Chip

%y!&ol

Data

%preading code

%preading signal

0Data1code

Data

0%preading1code

,

-,

,

-,

,

-,

,-,

,

-,

%preading code

%preading and Despreading (D%-CDMA)

Spreading Gain



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page '#All rights reserved

Desired signal

2ther user3s signal

Desired spreading

signal

%preading code

Data a"ter

despreading

2ther spreading

signal

2ther signal a"ter

integration

,

-,

,

-,

,

-,

4

-4

,

-,

4

-4

Data a"ter integration

2ther signal a"ter

despreading

%preading and Despreading (D%-CDMA)



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page '$All rights reserved

correlation Correlation is a !easure o" si!ilarity o" &etween any two code se$uence

Cross-correlation is related to the !ulti-users inter"erence characteristic.

+5AMP6+7

1 1 91 1

1 1 1 191 1 91 1

:ero #orrelation

;rtho'onal si'nals

91 1 91 1

91 1 91 1

1 1 1 1

1 #orrelation

Identi#al si'nals

<1

0

91

<1 0

91

<1

0

91

<1

0

91



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page '%All rights reserved

28%#9Walsh

Creating the orthogonal codeCreating the orthogonal codesequencessequences

SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = $

Cch:,:; 0 617

Cch:<:; 0 (,:,)

Cch:<:, 0 (,:-,)

Cch:=:; 0(,:,:,:,)

Cch:=:, 0 (,:,:-,:-,)

Cch:=:< 0 (,:-,:,:-,)

Cch:=:> 0 (,:-,:-,:,)



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page '&All rights reserved

Auto-correlation

Auto-correlation is related to the !ulti-path inter"erence characteristic.

Dela) time se(uen#e

#orrelation

0 91 91 91 1 1 91 1 1

1 91 91 1 1 91 1 91 91>4

2 91 1 1 91 1 91 91 91>4

1 1 91 1 91 91 91 91>4

$ 1 91 1 91 91 91 1 91>4

3 91 1 91 91 91 1 1 91>4

1 91 91 91 1 1 91 91>4Dela) time6#hip7

Correlation

1

Example: -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1 Example: -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1





HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 2'All rights reserved

%pectru! Analysis o" %preading 9 Despreading

Spreadin' #ode

Spreadin' #ode

Si'nal

Com*ination

?arro*and si'nal

"

!6"7

8road*and si'nal

!6"7

"

?oise

!6"7

"

?oise<8road*and si'nal

!6"7

"

Re#overed si'nal

!6"7

"




Principle o" RA@+ Receier

Re#eive set

Correlator 1

Correlator 2

Correlator

Sear#her

#orrelator

Cal#ulate the

time dela) and

si'nal stren'th

Com*iner The

#om*ined

si'nal

tt

s6t7 s6t7

RAE re#eiver help to over#ome on the multi9path "adin' and enhan#e the re#eive

per"orman#e o" the s)stem




%tructure o" RA@+ Receier

@

@ I

Com*iner

I

Mat#hed

Filter

!hase

Rotator

Channel

estimator

Dela)

E(ualiBer

I

!ath 1

!ath 2

!ath

Input si'nal

Correlator

Code

'enerators



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 2!All rights reserved

Adantages o" CDMA

RA@+ receier is adopted

The ti!e diersity e""ect generated &y channelcoherence ti!e is e""iciently used.

"re$uency diersity

Wide&and "re$uency spectru!

*igher inter"erence tolerance and security per"or!ance 6ow signal trans!ission power

?reat "le'i&ility in carrying !ultiple serices with largelydi""erent &it rate and o% re$uire!ent.

Di""erent spreading "actor (%#) "or di""erent serices with

di""erent data rates *igh spectral e""iciency

All users can share the sa!e "re$uency spectru!si!ultaneously.

%upporting so"t handoer and so"ter handoer.



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 2"All rights reserved









HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 2$All rights reserved

AMC 6Adaptive Modulation Codin'7 *ased on Channel ualit) Feed*a#

Adust data rate to co!pensate channel conditions

?ood channel condition *igher rate

Bad channel condition 6ower rate

Adust the coding rate to co!pensate channel conditions

?ood channel condition >=

Bad channel condition ,>

Adust the !odulation sche!e to co!pensate channel conditions

?ood channel condition ,EAM

Bad channel condition P%@ Channel ualit) Feed*a# 6CI7

/+ !easures the channel $uality (%NR) reports (eery <!s or !ore cycle) to Node-B

Node-B choose !odulation and &locF siGe: data rate pri!arily &ased on C

AMC 6Adaptive Modulation Codin'7 *ased on Channel ualit) Feed*a#

Adust data rate to co!pensate channel conditions

?ood channel condition *igher rate

Bad channel condition 6ower rate

Adust the coding rate to co!pensate channel conditions

?ood channel condition >=

Bad channel condition ,>

Adust the !odulation sche!e to co!pensate channel conditions

?ood channel condition ,EAM

Bad channel condition P%@ Channel ualit) Feed*a# 6CI7

/+ !easures the channel $uality (%NR) reports (eery <!s or !ore cycle) to Node-B

Node-B choose !odulation and &locF siGe: data rate pri!arily &ased on C

*%DPA @ey Techni$ues - AMC

*igh data rate

6ow data rate



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 2%All rights reserved

*%DPA @ey Techni$ues - *AR

Conventional AR

Receied Trans!itted &locFs are decoded ChecFed "or CRC errors on decoded &locFs

" errors

Hdiscard the error &olcFs

HRe$uest the tras!itter "orretrans!ission

Conventional AR

Receied Trans!itted &locFs are decoded

ChecFed "or CRC errors on decoded &locFs

" errors

Hdiscard the error &olcFs

HRe$uest the tras!itter "orretrans!ission

)*rid AR

Receied Trans!itted &locFs are decoded ChecFed "or CRC errors on decoded &locFs

" errors

H%tore the erroneous &locF without discarding

HRe$uest the tras!itter "or retrans!ission

HCo!&ine the receied re-tras!ission withpreiously receied trasn!isison

)*rid AR

Receied Trans!itted &locFs are decoded

ChecFed "or CRC errors on decoded &locFs

" errors

H%tore the erroneous &locF without discarding

HRe$uest the tras!itter "or retrans!ission

HCo!&ine the receied re-tras!ission withpreiously receied trasn!isison

*AR with %o"t Co!&ining

NodeB NodeB

UEUE Packe!"#Packe!"# N N

Packe! "Packe! " Packe! "Packe! "

Packe! "Packe! "

Packe!"#Packe!"#

+AA

Packe!$Packe!$

Transmitter

Re#eiver



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 2&All rights reserved

*%DPA @ey Techni$ues - #ast scheduling

S#heduler ma) *e *ased on

CDM: TDM Channel condition

A!ount o" data waiting in the $ueue (delay)

#airness (satis"ied users)

Cell throughput: etc

S#heduler ma) *e *ased on

CDM: TDM Channel condition

A!ount o" data waiting in the $ueue (delay)

#airness (satis"ied users)

Cell throughput: etc

%cheduling

deter!ines

which user

shall &e

trans!itted.

%cheduling

deter!ines

which user

shall &e

trans!itted.



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page (All rights reserved

*%DPA @ey Techni$ues CDM and TDM

ChanneliBation #odes allo#ated

"or S9DSC transmission

#odes 6e,ample7SF=1S%&'

User 1 User 2 User User $

TTI

Shared

#hanneliBation

#odes

10 ms

20 ms

$0 ms

0 ms

Earlier releases

2 ms

Rel 5 (HS-DSCH)

Isu&-"ra!esJ (<KE; chips)



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page 'All rights reserved

*%DPA @ey Techni$ues ,EAM

*%DPA Modulation

P@%

,EAM




ntroduction to Diersity Techni$ue

Diersity techni$ue is used to o&tain

uncorrelated signals "or co!&ining

Reduce the e""ects o" "ading

"ast "ading caused &y !ulti-path

%low "ading caused &y shadowing

!proe the relia&ility o" co!!unication

ncrease the coerage and capacity

Macroscopic diersity

%o"t handoer and so"ter handoer

Reduce large-scale "ading

Microscopic diersity



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page All rights reserved

Microscopic Diersity

Ti!e diersity

RaFe Receier: BlocF interleaing

#re$uency diersity

The user signal is distri&uted on the whole

&andwidth "re$uency spectru!

%pace diersity

Receie diersity

Trans!it diersity

PolariGation diersity

8ertical polariGation

*oriGontal polariGation



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page !All rights reserved

Basic Co!&ining Methods

Ma'i!al-Ratio Co!&iner

The !ulti-path signals are weighted

proportional to their signal %NR and then

su!!ed.

+$ual-?ain Co!&iner

+$ual-gain co!&ining is si!ilar to !a'i!al-

ratio co!&ining: &ut there is no atte!pt to

weight the signal &e"ore addition.

%election Co!&iner

Choose the signal with the highest

instantaneous $uality: so the output $uality is

e$ual to that o" the &est inco!ing signal.



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page "All rights reserved

%!art Antenna

Reduce inter"erence

ncrease coerage and capacity

%anted si'nal

inter"eren#e



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page #All rights reserved

%!art Antenna

;mni antenna Dire#tional antenna Smart antenna



HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page $All rights reserved







HUAWEI TEC HNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Page %All rights reserved

Characteristics o" WCDMA #DD

Channel &andwidth7 KM*G

Chip rate7 >.4=Mcps

#ra!e length7 ,;!s

8oice coding7 AMR (Adaptie Multi-Rate)

/plinF and downlinF !odulation7 P%@P%@ (RLL)

Coherence de!odulation aided with pilot

#ast closed loop power control7 ,K;;*G

*andoer7 so"thard handoer

%upport synchronous and asynchronous NodeB operation

Co!pati&le with ?%M-MAP core networF

%upport open loop and closed loop trans!it diersity !ode



www.huawei.co!

ThanF ou

Documents

00_wcdma Ran Basic Principle Issue1.0