View
217
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad PricingThe Dutch ApproachThe Dutch Approach
Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General Rijkswaterstaat
Transport Research Centre
Leo van den BergSenior Consultant
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachIndexIndex
• History• MobiMiles - Reference model• MobiMiles - Implementation• MobiMiles - Organisation• MobiMiles - Status• Conclusion
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachIndexIndex
• History• MobiMiles - Reference model• MobiMiles - Implementation• MobiMiles - Organisation• MobiMiles - Status• Conclusion
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachHistory-ContextHistory-Context
• More than 8 million motor vehicles (6,5 million private cars)
• Vehicle growth > 4%• 1 car per 2 inhabitants• Speeds during rush-hour
< 60 km/hourBetween 60 and
80> 80 km/hour
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachHistory-ContextHistory-Context
Pre-tripChoice TrafficOn-trip
ChoiceMonitoringTravel
Demand
TravelInformation
TrafficInformation
Traffic Flow Control
DemandManagement
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachHistory-InvestigationHistory-Investigation
• Research focused on fully automatic ¨Toll driving¨ with free flowing traffic. This means toll gates and:– DSRC (vehicle roadside communication)– On-board unit– Smart card ¨on the spot¨ payment– Fully automatic enforcement– Error: < 1 * 10-6
• Technology driven project. Other issues (legislation, economic effects, policy issues, social impact etc.) were left out.
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachHistory-Field trialsHistory-Field trials
• Based on a basic specification a Request for Proposal was commissioned. Test should give answers for:– Detection of the vehicle– Localization of the vehicle– Automatic financial transaction– Digital picture
Result: Road Pricing was feasible but new technology was needed.
But how to cope with decreasing social acceptance of toll driving?
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMilesMobiMiles
• Existing project was expensive and based on the traditional Design and Build of the Ministry.
• The popularity for alternative forms of payment increased: variable kilometre charging, a fairer form of charging depending on time and location.
• The Minister requested short term ¨technology scouting¨ for kilometre charging
– How should we implement it?– With what technology?– How can we have a short term field trial?
MobiMiles concept was launched!
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachIndexIndex
• History• MobiMiles - Reference model• MobiMiles - Implementation• MobiMiles - Organisation• MobiMiles - Status• Conclusion
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Model requirementsMobiMiles – Model requirements
1. Mobimiles must variabilise and differentiate the costs of road use.
2. Mobimiles must comply with the most stringent privacy requirements and expectations.
3. Mobimiles must be reliable and enforceable4. Mobimiles must establish a link between demand for
and availability of the road infrastructure.5. Mobimiles must be introduced in a manner attractive to
the user.6. Mobimiles must be based on a solid architecture.
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Reference model MobiMiles – Reference model
NetworkLocationServices
NetworkVerification
Services
NetworkRegion
Services
NetworkPaymentServices
TrustedWallet
PositionInformation
Account
StatusRequest
Road typeInformation
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Reference modelMobiMiles – Reference model
• The reference model has 5 main components:– Cost calculation (Trusted Wallet)– Charge distribution (Network Region Services)– Location determination of the vehicle (Network
Location Services)– Payment (Network Payment Services)– Enforcement (Network Verification Services)
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachIndexIndex
• History• MobiMiles - Reference model• MobiMiles - Implementation• MobiMiles - Organisation• MobiMiles - Status• Conclusion
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Implementation Cost calculationMobiMiles – Implementation Cost calculation
• Trusted Wallet takes care of:– Adding and deducting the MobiMiles– Storage function– Identification (user to MobiMiles)– Monitoring integrity
• Trusted Wallet could be:– Chipknip (existing bankcard)– SIM card (as used in mobile phone)– New chipcard (such as the mobility pass)
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Implementation Charge distributionMobiMiles – Implementation Charge distribution
• Road network broken down in road sections• Every section has its own charge code• Each charge code implies a cost level• Charge code can change over time• Some sections could have a ¨negative¨ charge code:
The user ¨earns¨ points.
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Implementation Charge distributionMobiMiles – Implementation Charge distribution
06:0007:0008:00
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Implementation EnforcementMobiMiles – Implementation Enforcement
• System must be highly fraud resistance!– How to detect falsification of data– How to detect evasion
• The greater the profit from participating in the system, the less will be the urge to act fraudulently!
• Random unexpected interaction with the system is needed to detect fraud!
¨Digital enforcement¨
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Implementation EnforcementMobiMiles – Implementation Enforcement
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Scenario 1MobiMiles – Scenario 1
GPS module
DSRC
SMARTCARD
SMARTCARDSIM CARDPosition
InformationAccount
StatusRequest
Road typeInformation
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMobiMiles – Scenario 2MobiMiles – Scenario 2
GPS module
DSRC
GSM/GPRS/UMTS
GSM/GPRS/UMTS
SIM CARDPosition
InformationAccount
StatusRequest
Road typeInformation
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachIndexIndex
• History• MobiMiles - Reference model• MobiMiles - Implementation• MobiMiles - Organisation• MobiMiles - Status• Conclusion
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMoviMiles – OrganisationMoviMiles – Organisation
Serviceoperator
TaxOffice
ServiceprovidersService
providersServiceproviders
ServiceprovidersService
providersServicerequester
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMoviMiles – Organisation B2C ServicesMoviMiles – Organisation B2C Services
• Business to Customer– Travel and Traffic information– Ticket reservation– Tourist information– Parking information and reservation– Internet– Gaming– Etc.
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachIndexIndex
• History• MobiMiles - Reference model• MobiMiles - Implementation• MobiMiles - Organisation• MobiMiles - Status• Conclusion
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachMoviMiles – StatusMoviMiles – Status
• Completely changed political climate in the Netherlands– Increase of ¨service level¨ of existing infrastructure
(improve public transport, more new roads)– No implementation of MobiMiles in this governmental
period.
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachIndexIndex
• History• MobiMiles - Reference model• MobiMiles - Implementation• MobiMiles - Organisation• MobiMiles - Status• Conclusion
00Ministry of Transport, Water Management and Public WorksDirectorate-General RijkswaterstaatTransport Research Centre
Road Pricing SeminarValencia, 26th of september 2002
Road PricingRoad Pricing--The Dutch ApproachThe Dutch ApproachConclusionConclusion
• MobiMiles is a new and innovative approach to solve traffic problems in the Netherlands
• Mobility pricing depends on time and location• It can be build from ¨Custom off-the-shelf¨ products• By using an open architecture, extra (customer)
services can be added