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~ Urban Trees ~~ Urban Trees ~Beauty, Care & MiseryBeauty, Care & Misery
Vincent J. ManninoVincent J. Mannino
County Extension DirectorCounty Extension Director
Fort Bend CountyFort Bend County
October 25, 2013October 25, 2013
Facts:•Crime is lower in a tree-lined neighborhood.•One acre of “woods” will essentially scrub the pollution of a two-car family for one year.•In a classic hospital study, patients with a forest view healed faster than patients who saw a brick will.
Watch where you plant!
Things to Consider:Things to Consider:
HealthHealth DamageDamage InsectsInsects DiseasesDiseases
Location or Proximity Location or Proximity ValueValue EstheticsEsthetics
Systematically InspectSystematically InspectIndividual TreesIndividual Trees
Tree parts to inspect:Tree parts to inspect:
CrownCrown BranchesBranches Branch unionsBranch unions Stem or trunkStem or trunk Root flareRoot flare Rooting zoneRooting zone
Systematically InspectSystematically InspectIndividual TreesIndividual Trees
Diagnostic toolsDiagnostic tools
~~
Using binoculars to Using binoculars to assess…assess…
Systematically InspectSystematically InspectIndividual TreesIndividual Trees
Examine all sidesExamine all sides
of the tree:of the tree:
From a distanceFrom a distance Close upClose up Use diagnostic tools Use diagnostic tools
as neededas needed
Viewed from one side From opposite side.
Tree Risk CategoriesTree Risk Categories
Decay
Wood that has rotted or is missing. Indicators of advanced decay are rotten wood, fungal fruiting bodies, cavities, holes, open cracks or bulges in the wood.
Systematically InspectSystematically InspectIndividual TreesIndividual Trees
Diagnostic toolsDiagnostic tools
Measuring Measuring shellshell thickness with an thickness with an increment borerincrement borer
Other easily observed indicators of advanced decay include cavities, open cracks, and holes in the wood.
Systematically InspectSystematically InspectIndividual TreesIndividual Trees
Diagnostic toolsDiagnostic tools
Measuring shell Measuring shell thickness with a thickness with a portable drill and ⅛ portable drill and ⅛ inch drill bitinch drill bit
Advanced decay is always present when fungal fruiting bodies are found (mushrooms, shelf fungi, bracket fungi, and conks).
Tree Volcanoes Tree Volcanoes - - Too much mulch or soilToo much mulch or soil
banked up on the trunkbanked up on the trunk
Will cause collar rot asWill cause collar rot as
well as root rot well as root rot
Tree Risk CategoriesTree Risk Categories
Cankers -
Areas where bark and/or cambium are dead.
Cankers are caused by insects, diseases, and by mowers, equipment, vehicles and vandalism.
Systematically InspectSystematically InspectIndividual TreesIndividual Trees
Diagnostic toolsDiagnostic tools - -
Root collar examinations Root collar examinations using a metal probeusing a metal probe
Tree Risk CategoriesTree Risk Categories
Cracks -
Separation of the wood or a deep split through the bark and into the wood. Vertical cracks Horizontal cracks
Tree Risk CategoriesTree Risk Categories
Lightening StrikeLightening Strike
Cracks are caused by improper wound closure, splitting of branch unions or flush-cut pruning.
Horizontal cracks indicate that the tree is already failing and the tree is in imminent danger.
Tree Risk CategoriesTree Risk Categories
Root Problems -
Inadequate anchoring by root systems, damaged roots or restricted roots including stem girdling roots.
Damaged roots are caused by excavating, trenching, paving, re-grading, or soil compaction.
Symptoms of root problems include crown decline, soil/root disturbance, leaning tree or roots confined.
Tree Risk CategoriesTree Risk Categories
Weak Branch Unions
A branch union with included bark or an epicormic branch.
Large epicormic branches on a decaying stem.
Lodged branches are particularly problematic. They have already failed and only wait to be dislodged by the wind or the failure of the supporting branch.
Bugs, disease and other pestilenceBugs, disease and other pestilence
Wood BorersWood Borers
Bugs, disease and other pestilenBugs, disease and other pestilencece
WormsWorms
Bugs, disease and other pestilenceBugs, disease and other pestilence
AphidsAphids, , scalesscales & & mitesmites
Bugs, disease and other pestilenceBugs, disease and other pestilence
BirdsBirds