-
- THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSI}'!: RESEARCH SCHOOL OF SOCIAL
SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OP DEMOGRAPh'Y
ANNUAL REPORT 1968
Professor
Professorial Fellows
Fellows
Senior Research Fellow
Research Fellows
Visiting Fellows
Research Assistants
Secretary
DepaTtmental Typists
Staff
W.D. 1orrie , ~i.A. (1 .Z.)
Nonna R. HcArthur, B.A. O1elb.), Ph.D. (Lond.)
Charles A. Price, H.A. (Adel.), M.A., D. Phil. ( Oxon. ) Acting
Head of the Department
K.G. Basavarajappa, M. Sc. (Kamatak), Ph.D. (A.N.U.), Diploma in
Demography (D.T.R.C. Bombay)
J .D. Allingham, B.A., M.A., (McHasttr), Ph.D. (A.N.U.)
[from October]
E.F. Kunz, D. Phil. (Budapest), M.A. (Sydney) [from April]
D.J. van de Kaa, Drs. (Utrecht)
Masri Singarimbun, B.A, (Gadjah Mada), Ph.D. (A. N. U.)
[from July]
Eugene Giles, M.A. (Cali£.), Ph.D. (Harvard) [until August]
Lincoln H. Day, B.A. (Yale), Ph.D. (Columbia) [until August]
Mrs Nancy V. Kuskie
Mrs r,torag Cameron, B.Sc. (St. Andrews)
Hrs J:Latricia Pyne, B. Sc. (London)
Mrs Barbara J. Bennett, B.Sc. (A.N.U.)
Miss Irena Krywoszyja, B.A.(Newcastle)
Miss Ly,nette E. Ross
Hrs Jenette llindmarch
7,Irs Margaret Schock
Introduction
In August Professor Borrie, who had been Acting Director, was
appointed Director of the Research School of Social Seiences. lle
retains his chair but has relinquished the office f Head of
Department. In December, Council approved the creation of a second
chair, the holder of which will also be Head of Department. Dr
Price has been Acting Head during the year. Since Harch Dr
:1cArthur has been on study leave in the United Kingdom and
u.s.A.
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- 2 16/1969 After making use of Dr Caldwell's presence, 1964-67,
to sponsor work on the pofulation of Africa (this has resulted in
several valuable theses and books), the Department has reverted to
its three trac1i.tional interests : first, general Australian
demography with special emphasis on fertility and mortality
(Barrie, Basavarajappa and students) and on the Australian family
(Allingham); second, the population problems of south-east Asia and
Oceania, with special reference to certain Pacific islands
(llcArthur)~ New Guinea (van de Kaa), and selected Asian countries
(Singarimbun and students) ; third, international migration, with
particular reference to the settlement and assimilation of European
and Asian immigrants in Australia (Price, Kunz and students).
Considerable attention was also given during the year to general
programmes of demographic analysis (Allingham and others). These
will continue to be the Department's main interests for some time.
The Department continues to co-operate with other organizations,
sending a representative to a conference on the demography of
south-east Asia in Singapore in June, working with the
International Biological Progrannne in New Guinea, organizing an
inter-disciplinary conference on New Guinea's population in
October, and dove-tailing its migration research in with the Social
Science Research Council's major enquiry into post-war migration to
Australia. It is hoped to fill the one vacant post early next year
with a staff member able to examine the demographic and social
problems of the rapidly growing ethnic concentrations of Sydney and
itelbourne, with special reference to the family composition of
households and the movement from inner city suburbs to outer
areas.
Visitors
Dr Eugene Giles, who arrived as a Visiting Fellow in August 1967
on a United States National Science Foundation grant, spent twelve
months with the Department studying the application of demographic
techniques in physical anthropology and genetics. He was working
closely in these matters with Mr van de Kaa, with particular
reference to New Guinea.
Dr Lincoln Day arrived as a Visiting Fellow early in 1968. This
was his second visit, having previously worked with the Department
for two years from 1962-64. lie continued his work on differential
fertility in Australia using special tabulations kindly supplied by
the Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics.
Dr Clarence Senior, Director of the Brooklyn Migration Research
Center, visited the Department for three days in November giving
two seminars on migrant assimilation.
Student and Teaching Activities
The following new students were enrolled:
M.R. Khan, B. Carran. (Hons) (Dacca), M.B.A. (Karachi), M.A.
(Duke), Diploma in Demography (Prince ton), Diploma in Motivation
and Family Planning (Chicago), as Population Council Fellow,
research topic: :'Population of Pakistan with special reference to
migration and redistribution" .
S.K. Jain, B. Sc. (Agra), N. Sc. (Patna), Certificate in
Demography (D. T .R. C. Bombay), M.S.P.H. (Chapel Hill) , research
topic: :Harriage and Fertilitya .
Students still enrolled at the end of the year and continuing
their research are:
J • T. Yamaguchi: 11Growth, structure and deployment of Japanese
labour force, with particular reference to the p~riod of
demographic transition in Japan since c. 1950:i .
J.P. Ambannavar: ·1Growth and changing structure of labour force
in India, 1911-81".
N • D. Hicks: ;'Evidence and contemporary opinions about the
growth of Australia's population, 1890-1915a.
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- 3 16/1969 Christabel H. Young: "Cohort analysis- of Pulati.on
tnmds and ~tality experience in Australia 1 .
M.A. Khawaja: "'Late Foetal and Infant Mortality in Australia,
1935-66".
C.Y. Choi: "Chinese immigration and settlement in
Australian.
The following students were examined in 1968 and· were awarded
the Ph.D.
P.O. Ohadike: "Patterns and variations in fertility and family
formation: A study of urban Africans in Lagos, NigeriP.: ••
C.N. E1iogu: !'Urbanization in West Africa: A Study of African
migration to Lagos;'.
Dr Ohadike has been appointed Research Fellow in Demography in
the University of Zambia and Dr Ejiogu is Lecturer in the
Department of Sociology, University of East Africa.
Three new students have been appointed and will be taking up
their positions early in 1969.
Seminar activities during the year were concerned with
11work-in-progress" discussions in which students and staff
presented sections of their research, and a series on demographic
analysis and surveys at which staff and students introduced for
discussion particular demographic techniques and projects.
In October Mr van de Kaa organized a three day seminar on the
demography of Papua New Guinea, in which participated
representatives from departments of the Territory administration,
the University of Papua and New Guinea, the Bureau of Census and
Statistics, the c.s.I.R.O., the Department of External Territories
and several departments of the A. N. u.
Staff Research
Research in 1968 concerned itself primarily with Australia 7 New
Guinea, the Pacific Islands and South-East Asia.
Australian work included further analyses of trends in marriage
and fertility, and also international migration, In the former, Dr
Basavarajappa published his study of "Pre-marital pregnancies and
ex-nuptial births in Australia, 1911-66", made considerable
progress with his monograph on "Marriage, Fertility and
Illegitimacy in Australia11 and published an article on population
projections. Dr Basavarajappa and Professor Barrie wrote papers on
recent trends in fertility in New Zealand and Australia for
presentation by Professor Glass at a Symposium held in London in
April under the auspices of the Royal Society to discuss population
trends in '1 developed" countries.
Professor Borrie also revised and up-d~ted work published in
1952 dealing with r ecent trends in and nro1ections of school and
university populations in Australia. The results were presented in
a background paper prepared for a national conference on education
held in Canberra in September under the auspices of the
Commonwealth Office of Education.
In international migration Dr Price is finishing his study of
Australian restrictive immigration policies, relating it to similar
policies elsewhere and examining the nature of the non-European
population built up in Australia by the policy. He also continues
his work on the departure of former settlers and on Australia's net
gain of various immigrant groupings in the post-war period.
In the same field Dr E.F, Kunz, who joined the Department in
April after completing his history of Hungarian settlers in
Australia, is investigating the demographic, occupational and
social adjustment of intellectuals coming to Australia as Displaced
Persons between 1947 and 1953. He is examining a sample of
Displaced Persons arriving on certain ships, setting them in the
general background of the International Refugee Organisation and
the attitude of Australian professional associations towar,ls
refugees.
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- 4 16/1969 The Department is continuing its co-operation with
the Social Science Research
Council's survey of post-war immigration. Profa8sor Bortle is
Chairman of the Migration Committee, which both supervises t he
projects and raises money for research. Dr Price is directing the
social and cultural aspects of the research while Professor
Appleyard, a former member of the Department and now Professor of
Economic History at the University of Western Australia, is
directing the economic aspects. The immigration research of the
Department is designed to fit in with the S.S.R.C.'s general
scheme.
In the Pacific Island area of work, Dr McArthur continues her
activities. On study leave since March at Brown U:liversity and the
East-West Centre, Hawaii, she is studying the demographic, social
and economic characteristics of Fiji's urban population and also
the effects of epidemics on the island populations during the
nineteenth century. She also worked with Mr J.F. Yaxley, one of the
Supervisors of Census, in preparing a report on the Census of the
New Hebrides.
On New Guinea, Mr van de Kaa has concentrated on analysing the
results of the 1966 census and, at the request of the Department of
External Territories, prepared a preliminary projection of the
Territory's population. He is also working with the Institute of
Human Biology and the International Biological Programme in New
Guinea, attending a meeting in Hadang in ·:~y and spending several
weeks later preparing multi-disciplinary studies on Kar-Kar
Island.
In South-East Asian work, the Department has joined the
Department of Economics (R. s. Pac. s.) in appointing Dr Masri
Singarimbun to work on factors affecting family control practices
in certain rural areas of Indonesia, After studying the relevant
demographic background he visited Indonesia in November-December to
prepare for major field-work next year.
Since October Dr J.D. Allingham has been preparing a general
computer prograrmne based on matrix manipulation which is aimed to
cover a wide range of demographic analyses, particularly those
associated with the application of life tables and projections.
One disappointment, arising essentially from inescapable delays
and difficulties in recruiting appropriate staff, was the
postponement of the major socio-demographic project on the
Australian family. This project remains, however, an important
objective of future research to begin as soon as suitable staff can
be found.
Other Activities
Professor Borrie was re-appointed a member of the Commonwealth
Immigration Planning Council. In August he also attended the A.N.U.
Conference on Medical Practice and the Community for which he wrote
one of the background papers dealing with demographic and
sociological changes relevant to medical practice and
organisation.
Dr Price attended a short meeting of the Refugee and Migration
Conunittee of the World Council of Churches in December, discussing
current migration trends and the problems of refugees from Biafra,
Palestine, Czechoslovakia and South-East Asia. He also chaired the
sociological session of the Italian Embassy's December conference
on Australian- Italian cultural relations.
Dr Basavarajappa attended on behalf of the University a June
conference in Singapore on regional co-operation in research and
training in demography. Representatives attended from most
countries of South-East Asia, Australia and the U.S.A. Dr
Basavarajappa and Mr van de Kaa attended Anzaas in New Zealand in
January.
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- 5 16/1969
Support of Work
The Department wishes to repeat its appreciation of the
continUBd c~ration of the Bureau of Census and Statistics and the
Depertmen~ of Immigration in its research. The special census
tabulations and unpublished materials made available to the
Department continue to be essential foundations of much of the
research in the Department.
Staff Position
The approved triennium establishment for 196D was an academic
staff of nine. The year opened with five only, following
resignations in the previous year. Three new appointments took up
their positions during the year: Drs Allingham, Kunz and
Singarimbun. The remaining -~ 0st is an offer and will, it is
hoped, be occupied early in 1969.
Publications during 1968
APPLEYARD. R, T. *
" International migration and social mobility: an Australian
case-study", Paper to Second World Congress for Rural Sociolon,
Enschede, Netherlands, August 1968.
BASAVARAJAPPA, K.G.
"Pre-marital pregnancies and ex-nuptial births in Australia,
1911-6611 , Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology. IV, 2
, 126-45, October 1968.
"The significance of differences in patterns of mortality for
projections of population", Demography . V, 1, 185-97, 1968.
CALDWELL, J.C. *
Chapters 1 - lV (pp.17-216) in:Birmingham, W., Newstadt, I. and
Omaboe E.N., Editors, A Study of Contemporary Ghana Vol. 2, !'Some
Aspects of Social Structure11 • George Allen and Unwin, London ,
1967.
The Population of Tropical Africa, Longman Green and Co.,
London, 1968. (with C. Okonjo).
Population Growth and Family Change in Africa. The New Urban
Elite in Ghana. A.N.U. Press, Canberra, 1968.
1·The Control of Family Size in Tropical Africa", Demography.
October 1968.
"Determinants of Rural Urban Migration in Ghanail , Population
Studies, November 1968.
KAA, D. J. van de
Results of the Demographic Research Project Western New Guinea
E.E.C. ·Project 11.41.002.Vol 6, Government Printer, The Hague,
1967. (with ~- Groenewegen)
';The Es timation of Fertility from Census or Survey Data as
exemplified by a quasi-stable estimate of Papua and !ew Guinea's
birth rate" . Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geographic,
December 1968.
* Former member of Department. Based on work cone while i n the
Department.
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- 6 16/1969
PRICE, C.A.
11Southen1 Europeans in Austra lia: problems of assimilation",
International
Migration Review 11, 3, 3- 26 , Summer 1968.
11Migrants in Australian Society 11 , Chapter 7 , The Anatomy of
Australia,
Sun Books, Melbourne, 1968.
S INGARIMBt."N, :-1.
"Family Planning in Indonesia:', Bulletin of Indonesian Economic
Studies, 10, 48-55, June 1968 (A. N.U. Press).
