. CONTENTS

PrefaceContributing Authors

XV

XVIl

Volume 1

SECTION l. BlOC HE MI CAL,STRUCTURAL, ANO FUNCTIONALCORRELATIONS IN THE KIDNEY

SECTION 11. CLINICAL EVALUATION

Chapter 10 UrinalysisMelanieS. Kim and Howard L. Corwin

286

Chapter 11

Chapter 12

Laboratory Evaluation of Kidney FunctionLesley A. Stevens, RichardA. Lafayette, Ronald D. Perrone,and Andrew S. Levey

Intravenous Urography, Ultrasonography, andRadionuclide Studiesfudith A. w: Webband Keith E. Britton

299

337

Vil

Chapter 1 Structural-Functional Relationships in the Kidney 2Robert F.Reilly,fr., Ruth El/en Bulger,and WilhelmKriz

Chaptcr 2 Renal Circulation and Glomerular Hemodynamics 54WilliamJ.Arendshorstand L. GabrielNavar

Chapter 3 Regulation of Water Balance: Urine Concentrationand Oilution 96S0ren Nielsen, Mark A. Knepper,Tae-HwanKwon,and f0rgen Fmkiaer

Chapter 4 Tubular Sodium Transport 124w: Brian Reevesand Thomas E. Andreoli

Chapter 5 Tubular Potassium Transport 160

Gary V.Desir,Heino E. Velázquez,and FredS. Wright

Chapter 6 Renal Acid-Base Transport 183Robert J. Alpern and Patrida A. Preisig

Chapter 7 Renal Metabolism 196Anton C. Schoolworth and Susan R. DiGiovanni

Chapter 8 Renal Transport of Organic Ions and Uric Acid 218

Laurent Schild,FrancoiseRoch-Ramel, and facques Diezi

Chapter 9 Hormones and the Kidney 234WalidKhairal/ah,MarieMerheb,foumana Chaiban,and Kamal F.Badr

Chaptcr 13 Computed Tomography and MagneticResonance ImagingSilviaD. Changand Hedvig Hricak

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Angiographyof the Renal CirculationChristopherS. Morrisand Jeffrey M. Rimmer

Indications for and Interpretation of the Renal Biopsy:Evaluation by Light, Electron, andImmunohistologic MicroscopyByron P. Crokerand C. CraigTisher

372

Chapter 14394

Chapter 15

420

Chapter 16 Introduction to Genetic Renal Disease 450Terry Watnickand GregoryG. Germino

Chaptcr 17 Nephronophthisis-Medullary Cysticand Medullary Sponge Kidney Disease 478FriedhelmHildebrandt,John A. Sayer,PaulJungers,and Jean-PierreGrünfeld

Chapter 18 Polycystic Kidney Disease 502Tevfik Ecder,Godela M. Fick-Brosnahan,and Robert w: Schrier

Chapter 19 Alport Syndrome, Fabry Disease,and Nail-Patella Syndrome 540Martin C. Gregory,AlirezaA. Shamshirsaz,Mohammad Kamgar,and Mir Reza Bekheirnia

Chaptcr 20 Isolated Renal Tubular Disorders: MolecularMechanisms and Clinical Expression of Disease 570Maybin Simfukwe, SandraSabatini,and EugeneDaphnis

Chapter 21 Congenital Urologic Anomalies 594Anthony Atala

Chapter 22 Disorders of Micturition 605Dirk-Henrik Zermann and Jorg Schübert

Chapter 23 Prostatitis, Orchitis, and Epididymitis 634J. Curtis Nickel and Darren T. Beiko

Chaptcr 24 Vesicoureteric Reflux and Reflux Nephropathy 650Ross R. Bailey,CharlesP.Swainson,and VicenteE. Torres

Chapter 25 Urinary Tract Obstruction 689SauloKlahr

Chaptcr 26 Nephrolithiasis 717Keith A. Hruska and Anne M. Beck

SECTION V . NEOPLASMS OF THEGENITOURINARY TRACT

SECTIONURINARY

SEC T ION VII . A CUT E RE.N A LFAILURE

Chapter39 Pathophysiology of Ischemic Acute Renal InjuryCharles1. Edelsteinand Robert \v. Schrier

930

Chapter 27 Molecular Pathogenesis of Renal Cancerand Related Treatment Aspects 744Robert M. Gemmill, LucianoJ. Costa, Bruno C. Medeiros,and Harry A. Drabkin

Chapter 28 Primary Neoplasms of the Kidney and Renal Pelvis 759Brian l. Rini, John R Ward,and Nicholas]. Vogelzang

Chapter 29 Bladder Cancer 777Matthew D. Galsky and Dean R Bajorin

Chapter 30 Prostatic Carcinoma 786Shandra Wilson, 1. Michael Glode, and E. David Crawford

Chapter 31 Testicular Carcinoma 803VaruniKondagunta, Robert J.Motzer, and George J. Bosl

Chapter32 Host-Pathogen Interactions and Host DefenseMechanisms 816Scott]. Weissman,John \v. Warren,Harry 1.T. Mobley,and MichaelS. Donnenberg

Chapter3 3 Cystitis and Urethritis 832WalterE. Stamm

Chapter 34 Infections of the Upper Urinary Tract 847Allan R. Ronald and Lindsay E. Nicolle

Chapter 35 Renal and Perirenal Abscesses 870Louise-MarieDembry and VincentT. Andriole

Chapter36 Complicated Urinary Tract Infections 881DennisJ.Mikolich and Stephen H. Zinner

Chapter3 7 Fungal Urinary Tract Infections 895Scott R Daviesand GeorgeA. Sarosi

Chapter38 Urinary Tract Tuberculosis 910Mark S. Pasternackand Robert H. Rubin

Subject lndex 1-1

Volume 11

Chapter 40 Pathophysiology of Nephrotoxic Cell Injury 962BrianS. Cummingsand Rick G. Schnellmann

Chaptcr 41 Acute Renal Failure 986Vincent Weng Seng Lee, David Harris, Robert J.Anderson,and Robert w: Schrier

Chaptcr 42 Antibiotic- and Irnrnunosuppression-RelatedRenal Failure 1035Jean-LouisBosmans and Marc E. De Broe

Chaptcr 43 Renal Diseases Induced by Antineoplastic Agents 1068Robert L. Sa(irstein

Chaptcr 44 Nephrotoxicity of Nonsteroidal AntiinflarnrnatoryAgents, Analgesics, and Angiotensin-ConvertingEnzyrne Inhibitors 1082Biff F.Palmerand WilliamL. Henrich

Chapter 45 Radiocontrast Media-Induced Acute Renal Failure 1099Samuel N. Heyman, Mayer Brezis,and Robert E. Cronin

Chaptcr 46 Nephrotoxicity Secondary to Drug Abuse andLithiurn Use 1121Joel Neugarten, GloriaR. Gallo,and David S. Baldwin

Chapter 47 Nephrotoxicity Secondary to Environrnental Agentsand Heavy Metals 1146Richard P. Wedeen

Chaptcr 48 Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis 1160GarabedEknoyan and UdayKhosla

Chaptcr 49 Acute Renal Failure Associated with Pigrnenturiaor Crystal Deposits 1184Burl R. Don, Rudolph A. Rodriguez,andMichaelH. Humphreys

Chaptcr 50 Blood Pressure and the Kidney 1210Hugh E. de Wardenerand GrahamA. MacGregor

Chaptcr 51 Hypertension Associated with RenalParenchyrnal Disease 1238Michael C. Smith, Andrew Lazar,and Mahboob Rahman

Chaptcr 52 Renal Artery Stenosis, Renal Vascular Hypertension,and Ischernic Nephropathy 1272Marc A. Pohl and ChristopherStuart Wilcox

Chaptcr 53 Hypertension and Pregnancy 1326VerenaA. Briner,MelissaA. Cadnapaphornchai,and Robert w: Schrier

Chaptcr 54 Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hypertensionin the Diabetic Patient 1351Raymond O. Estado and Robert w: Schrier

Chaptcr 55 Hypertension Associated with Endocrine Disorders 1361Myron H. Weinberger

Chaptcr 56 Malignant Hypertension and Other Hypertensive Crises 1370CharlesR. Nolan and Stuart L. Linas

S E C T 10 N IX . G L O M E R U LAR,INTERSTITIAL, AND VASCULARR E N A L D 1 S E AS E S

Chapter 57 Mechanisms of Tissue Injury and Repairin Renal Diseases 1438

Stephan Segerer,Matthias Kretzler,FrankStrutz,and Detlef SchlOndorff

Chaptcr 58 Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis andOther Bacterial Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis 1464Sidney Kobrin and MichaelP.Madaio

Chapter 59 Viral Glomerular Diseases 1478PaulL. Kimmel and fack Moore, fr.

Chapter 60 Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis 1511Peter G. Kerr,David J. Nikolic-Paterson,and Robert C. Atkins

Chapter 61 Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy andHenoch-Schonlein Purpura 1536Randallfames Faulland Anthony R. Clarkson

Chapter 62 Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis 1547Giovanni Barbianodi Belgiojosoand FrancoFerrario

Chapter 63 Membranous Nephropathy 1568Mitchell Rosner and WarrenKline Bolton

Chaptcr 64 Nephrotic Syndrome: Minimal Change Nephropathy,Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, andCollapsing Glomerulopathy 1585H. WilliamSchnaper,Alan M. Robson, and feffrey B. Kopp

Chaptcr 65 Renal Involvement in SystemicLupus Erythematosus 1673SterlingG. West, GregoryA. Achenbach,andCharles1. Edelstein

Chapter 66 Renal Disorders Associated with Systemic Sclerosis,Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sjogren's Syndrome, andPolymyositis- Dermatomyositis 1700Robert \v. fanson and WilliamP.Arend

Chaptei 67 Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura,Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome, andAcute Cortical Necrosis 1719

PieroRuggenenti,Michele Ceruti,and GiuseppeRemuzzi

Chapter 68 Vasculitic Diseases of the Kidney 1748Patrick H. Nachman, J. Charlesfennette,and Ronaldf. Falk

. Chapter 69 Mixed Cryoglobulinemia 1776GiuseppeD'Amico

Chapter 70 Renal Artery Thrombosis, Thromboembolism,Aneurysms, Atheroemboli, andRenal Vein Thrombosis 1787FranciscoLlachand Michael Yudd

Chapter 72

The Long-Term Outcome of Glomerular DiseasesChiragR. Parikh,Eric Gibney,and Joshua M. Thurman

Chronic Tubulointerstitial NephropathiesGarabedEknoyan and UdayKhosla

1811Chapter 71

1860

Subject lndex 1-1

Volume III

C DISEASES OF

Chapter 73 Clinical Aspects of Diabetic Nephropathy 1894Yalem Woredekaland Eli A. Friedman

Chapter 74 The Normal and Diseased Kidney in Pregnancy 1909MarshallD. Lindheimer,Kirk P. Conrad,andJason Gari Umans

Chapter 75 Monoclonal Gammopathies: Multiple Myeloma,Amyloidosis, and Related Disorders 1941PierreM. Ronco, PierreAucouturier,and BéatriceMougenot

Chapter 76 Hyperuricemia, Gout, and the Kidney 1986

Duk-Hee Kang and RichardJ. Johnson

Chaptcr 77 Siclde Cell Disease 1997Kathryn 1. Hassell,Lodewijk \v. Statius van Eps,and Paul E. deJong

Chapter 78 Tropical Nephrology 2013RashadS. Barsoumand VisithSitprija

Chaptcr 79 Kidney Disease in Children 2056MelissaA. Cadnapaphornchai,Godfrey Clark,and Cyril Chantler

Chaptcr 80 Renal Function and Disease in the Aging Kidney 2088Devasmita Choudhuryand Moshe Levi

Chaptcr 81 Mechanisms of Diuretic Action 2122David H. Ellison,Mark D. Okusa, and Robert \v. Schrier

Chaptcr 82 Idiopathic Edema 2151GrahamA. MacGregorand Hugh E. de Wardener

Chaptcr 83 Cardiac Failure and the Kidney 2159WilliamT. Abraham and Robert \v. Schrier

Chaptcr 84 Liver Disease and the Kidney 2179Pere Gines,Andrés Cárdenas,and Robert \v. Schrier

Chapter 85 The Nephrotic Syndrome 2206Robert \v. Schrierand WilliamT. Abraham

Chapter 86

Chapter 87

Chapter 88

Chapter 89

Chapter 90

The Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic HormoneSecretion and Other Hypoosmolar Disorders 2214Joseph G. Verbalis

Nephrogenic and Central Diabetes Insipidus 2249Daniel G. Bichet

Disorders of Potassium and Acid-Base Metabolismin Association with Renal Disease 2270Mark A. Perazel/aand Asghar Rastegar

Disorders of Phosphorus, Calcium,and Magnesium Metabolism 2295Keith A. Hruska, Moshe Levi, and Eduardo Slatopolsky

Fluid-Electrolyte and Acid-Base DisordersComplicating Diabetes Mellitus 2353Horacio J. Adrogué

SECTION XII. UREMIC SYNDROME

SECTION XIII. MANAGEMENT OFEND-STAGE RENAL DISEASE

Chapter 97

Chapter 98

Chapter 99

Immunobiology and Immunopharmacologyof Renal Allograft Rejection 2540Manikkam Suthanthiran, Choli Hartono, and TerryB. Strom

Outcomes and Complicationsof Renal Transplantation 2553Laurence Chan, Alex Wiseman, Wei Wang, Alkesh Jani,and 19a1Kam

Peritoneal Dialysis 2612lsaac Teitelbaum,Rajnish Mehrotra, Thomas A. Golper,and John M. Burkart

Chapter 91 Pathophysiology and Nephron Adaptationin Chronic Kidney Disease 2380Radko Komers, Timothy W Meyer,and Sharon Anderson

Chapter 92 Anemia in Renal Disease 2405Anatole Besaraband FatenAyyoub

Chapter 93 The Osteodystrophy of Chronic Renal Failure 2431Dennis 1. Andressand Donald J. Sherrard

Chapter 94 Nervous System Manifestations of Renal Failure 2460Al/en l. Arieff

Chapter 95 Cardiac Disease in Chronic Renal Disease 2482Sean W Murphy and PatrickS. Parfrey

Chapter 96 Metabolic and Endocrine Dysfunctions in Uremia 2502EberhardRitz, Marcin Adamczak, and Andrzej Wiecek

Chaptcr 100 Center and Home Chronic Hemodialysis:Outcome and Complications 2648Anne MarieMiles and Eli A. Friedman

IV . N U T R I T ION,D... T. H E K ION E Y

Chaptcr 101

Chaptcr 102

Chaptcr 103

Chapter 104

Dietary Factors in the Treatmentof Chronic Kidney Disease 2672SreedharMandayam and WilliamE. Mitch

Phosphate, Aluminum, and Other Elementsin Chronic Renal Failure 2697JamshidAmanzadeh and Robert F.Reilly,Jr.

Dietary Considerations in Patients with Chronic RenalFailure, Acute Renal Failure, and Transplantation 2709Joel D. Kopple

Use of Drugs in Patients with Renal Failure 2765Ali J.Olyaei, Angelo M. de Mattos, and William M. Bennett

Subject lndex 1-1