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Analyzing Visual
Arguments
Nancy V. Wood, author of Essentials of Argument, argues that "argument is literally to be found everywhere . . ." (4). We probably most often think of argument in oral and written terms--an oral argument in a trial or debate, a written argument for a class or in an opinion piece.
Arguments Through Images
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/29898590/displaymode/1107/s/2/framenumber/1/
This Week in Pictures
What issue or argument is established by the image? What is the creator of the image trying to prove? How do you know what argument is being established?
What is the support? "What assumptions,
general principles, values, beliefs, and appeals to human motives are implicit" in the argument created by the image?
What information does the reader of the image need to have in order to understand the argument created by the image?
What kind of appeal does the image make, an appeal to logic? To emotion? To authority?
Questions to Consider
What "beliefs, attitudes, habits, affiliations, or traditions will influence the way you view the argument" (Wood 278)?
Is the image "unique to its time" (Wood 278)?
"What happened to cause the argument? Why was it a problem? Has it recurred?" (Wood 278).
What makes it convincing (or not) and why?
Consider the positioning of images within the image, the juxtaposition of images (it's artfulness)
Does the image make an ethical argument and is it ethical in the way it makes its argument? Or, for whom would this be an ethical or unethical approach?
Questions to Consider
Who is the target audience? Young, old, men, women, the list goes on and on.
How do you know this? Who is the target audience of
the ad? How is the text organized? What
significance does this hold? How was the creator attempting
to influence or persuade the audience?
How does it appeal to ethos, pathos, or logos?
What connections or associations is the reader supposed to make?
Advertisements
Who is the target audience? Young, old, men, women, the list goes on and on.
How do you know this? Who is the target audience of
the ad? How is the text organized? What
significance does this hold? How was the creator attempting
to influence or persuade the audience?
How does it appeal to ethos, pathos, or logos?
What connections or associations is the reader supposed to make
U.S.P.S
Who is the target audience? Young, old, men, women, the list goes on and on.
How do you know this? Who is the target audience of
the ad? How is the text organized? What
significance does this hold? How was the creator attempting
to influence or persuade the audience?
How does it appeal to ethos, pathos, or logos?
What connections or associations is the reader supposed to make
Sephora
TV-Digital Advertisements
What Do You Think?
At the Game At Home
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/learn/features/political_cartoon/model.html
Political Cartoons
Symbolism ◦ What does the cartoonist
intends each symbol to stand for.
Exaggeration ◦ What does the cartoonists
overdo, or exaggerate? .
Labeling ◦ What does the cartoonists
label? ◦ why does the cartoonist
chose to label a particular person or object.
◦ Does the label make the meaning of the object more clear?
Analogy ◦ Does the cartoonist compare a
complex issue or situation with a more familiar one, cartoonists can help their readers see it in a different light.
◦ What two situations does the cartoon compare?
◦ Does the comparison makes the cartoonist’s point more clear?
Irony ◦ Does the cartoonist use irony to
express their opinion on an issue.
◦ What point does the irony intended to emphasize?
◦ Does the irony help the cartoonist express his or her opinion more effectively?
Cartoon Analysis Guide
Questions to Ponder Do you think it is reasonable for the Pope to
condemn condoms in an area ravished by disease that is preventable in large part by the use of condoms?
In Africa a married woman is more at risk by not using condoms, because her husband is probably already infected while she is probably monogamous. Isn't denying her the use of condoms like giving her a death sentence?
Do you agree with the Pope's statement? "You can't resolve it with the distribution of condoms. On the contrary, it increases the problem."
How could the risk of Aids be reduced, other than the use of condoms?
The Pope Against Condoms David Fitzsimmons of The Arizona StarMar 20, 2009, 15:15 PST
Questions to Ponder The economic stimulus package is loved
by some and hated by others. Do you believe the package was needed in order to side-step disaster?
Is the 90% tax a reasonable step, in light of the public outcry over giving the bonuses?
Do you think it would have been better to just cancel all of the bonuses?
The Stimulus Package was more than 1000 pages in length and members of Congress had less than three days to read it. Should all congressional bills have to be posted online for public review prior to the vote, as suggested by President Obama?
Can you think of another way to handle the bonuses so many executives were do to receive.
Nate Beeler, The Washington Examiner Mar 20, 2009, 09:20 PST
Questions To Ponder Do you think that stem cell research
should be allowed to progress, or do you think the moratorium should continue?
Do you think that the moratorium on Stem Cell Research was influenced by former President Bush's religious background?
If you were President, would you ban or allow stem cell research during your term in office?
How real are the fears of human cloning?
Parker, Florida Today Mar 22, 2009, 22:00 PST
What issue is this political cartoon about?
What is the cartoonist’s opinion on this issue?
What other opinion can you imagine another person having on this issue?
Did you find this cartoon persuasive? Why or why not?
What other techniques could the cartoonist have used to make this cartoon more persuasive?
Visual Analysis
What issue is this political cartoon about?
What is the cartoonist’s opinion on this issue?
What other opinion can you imagine another person having on this issue?
Did you find this cartoon persuasive? Why or why not?
What other techniques could the cartoonist have used to make this cartoon more persuasive?
Visual Analysis
Everything is an argument:
Pictures, words, movies, resumes, lectures, presentations, humor, dress, graphs, charts, web sites, conversations, cartoons, ads, debates, commercials, blogs, twitter, myspace, books, articles, poems, plays, books, actions, etc.
