© 2006 Population Reference Bureau Map of HIV Prevalence Worldwide 2005 Source: UNAIDS, 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2006. Adults Ages 15-49

© 2006 Population Reference Bureau

Map of HIV Prevalence Worldwide

2005

Source: UNAIDS, 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2006.

Adults Ages 15-49 with HIV

15.01% - 34.0%

5.01% - 15.0%

1.01% - 5.0%

0.51% - 1.0%

0.0% - 0.5%

Not available


People Living with HIV, by Region

Sub-Saharan Africa63%

North Africa and Middle East

1%

South and South-East Asia

20%

Latin America4%

Caribbean1%

Eastern Europe and Central Asia

4%

Oceania<1%

East Asia2%

North America3%

Western and Central Europe

2%

Distribution, 2005

Note: Total exceeds 100 percent due to rounding.Source: UNAIDS, 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2006.


• In 2005, an estimated 38.6 million adults and children worldwide were living with HIV.• Sixty-three percent of the world’s HIV population lives in sub-Saharan Africa.

Notes on People Living with HIV, by Region


HIV Demographics, Worldwide

Men49%

Women45%

Children6%

Composition of the Population Living with HIV, 2005



Men38%

Women54%

Children8%

Men69%

Women29%

Children2%

HIV Demographics, Africa


Sub-Saharan Africa Rest of the World



Notes on HIV Demographics, Africa

• The proportion of people living with HIV who are adult women (ages 15 to 49) is 1.9 times higher in sub-Saharan Africa than in other regions.

• In sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV is spread predominantly through heterosexual activity, women account for more than half of the 24.5 million people living with HIV. In other regions, the proportion of people living with HIV who are women drops to an average of around one-third.


HIV Demographics, Caribbean

Children7%

Women50%

Men43%




HIV Demographics, East Asia

Children1%

Women28%

Men71%




HIV Demographics, Eastern Europe/Central Asia

Children<1%

Women28%

Men72%


Note: Total exceeds 100 percent due to rounding.Source: UNAIDS, 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2006.


HIV Demographics, Latin America

Children2%

Women29%

Men69%




HIV Demographics, North Africa/Middle East

Children7%

Women44%

Men49%




HIV Demographics, South/Southeast Asia

Men69%

Women29%

Children2%




Adults with HIV Who are Women

48

59

53

48

30

30

28

28

28

26

World

Sub-Saharan Africa

Caribbean

North Africa/Middle East

Latin America

South/Southeast Asia

East Asia

Eastern Europe/Central Asia

Western and Central Europe

North America


2005Percent


• Women make up almost one-half of HIV-infections worldwide and 59 percent of infections in sub-Saharan Africa, where the virus is spread predominantly through heterosexual transmission and has reached the general population. In a generalized epidemic, women’s low status and inability to negotiate with men puts them at great risk of contracting the disease.• Women account for smaller percentages of infected people where the AIDS epidemic is limited to high-risk populations such as injecting drug users or men having sex with men.

Notes on Adults with HIV Who are Women


72

4246

39

5862

66676963 65

76

Lesotho Malawi Zimbabwe Belize Haiti Cambodia

With AIDS Without AIDS

Projections for Selected CountriesLife expectancy at birth, in years

Effect of AIDS on Life Expectancy 2015-2020

Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision, 2005.


• AIDS has reduced life expectancy in several countries around the world.• In Lesotho, for example, without accounting for the impact of AIDS, life expectancy would have been 69 years; however, with AIDS, life expectancy has dropped to 39 years.

Notes on Effect of AIDS on Life Expectancy 2015-2020


3 2 1 0 1 2 33 2 1 0 1 2 3

Population Structure in 2020Millions

Males Females


Age80+7570656055504540353025201510 5 0

AIDS’ Toll on Population Structure, South Africa

Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision (CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset), 2005.


Millions

South Africa’s Population With and Without AIDS

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020


Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision (CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset), 2005.


118123

78 74

143

117

98

71

43 43

7378

Kenya Lesotho Nambia South Africa Swaziland Zimbabwe


Selected Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2002-2005Deaths of children under age 5 per 1,000 live births

Source: UNAIDS and UNICEF, A Call to Action: Children, The Missing Face of AIDS, 2005; and United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision, 2005.

Effect of AIDS on Child Mortality


0.6

3.0

8.5

12.3

18.4

1990 1995 2000 2003 2010

Sub-Saharan AfricaMillions of children under age 18

Note: Estimate of children who lost at least one parent to an AIDS-related cause.Source: UNAIDS, UNICEF, and USAID, Children on the Brink 2004.

Increase in Children Orphaned By AIDS


Children Orphaned by AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa

Distribution of Orphans, by Country, 2005

Kenya10%

Tanzania10%

Zimbabwe10%

Uganda9%Nigeria

8%

Zambia6%

Malawi5%

Mozambique4%

Côte d'Ivoire4%

Cameroon2%

Rwanda2%

Other 14%

South Africa10%

Democratic Republic of

Congo6%



HIV Testing Models for Different Settings

Doorway to Prevention and Access to Care

Note: STI: Sexually transmitted infections, TB: Tuberculosis, VCT: Voluntary counseling and testing, HBC: Home-based careSource: Family Health International, 2006.

MandatoryImmigrationWork-related

Custodial settings

Blood SafetyBlood products

SurveillanceAnonymous

Population Level

Individual Level

VCTYouth

Most-at-risk-populations

CouplesFamily planning

RoutineTesting

STIAntenatalTB clinics

Community-Based

Door-to-doorMobile

Outreach

DiagnosticTesting

Clinical settingsHBC

Symptomatic

Prevention and Access to Care

Documents

© 2006 Population Reference Bureau Map of HIV Prevalence Worldwide 2005 Source: UNAIDS, 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2006. Adults Ages 15-49