leitourgiaA Greek word meaning originally a public duty;

a service to the state undertaken by a citizen.

leitos (people, public) + ergo (to do)

Leitourgos – a man who performs a public duty

Later on, the meaning of the word LITURGY is then extended to cover any general service of a public kind. Exodus 38:27; 39:12

Thence, it comes to have a RELIGIOUS SENSE as the function of PRIESTS, the ritual service of the temple.

So, in CHRISTIAN use,

- the public official service of the Church

From what date was there a fixed and regulated service such as we can describe as a formal Liturgy?

-- it must be said that an Apostolic Liturgy in the sense of an arrangement of prayers and ceremonies, like our present ritual of the Mass, did not exist.

IN THE FIRST PLACE, THE FUNDAMENTAL OUTLINE OF THE RITE OF THE HOLY EUCHARIST WAS GIVEN BY THE ACCOUNT OF THE:

LAST SUPPER

We have everywhere from

the very beginning at

least this UNIFORM

NUCLEUS of a liturgy:

It would not have been a

Eucharist at all if the celebrant

had not at least done as our Lord

did the night before He died.

What the Lord had done then, the same thing He told His followers to do in memory of Him.

bread and wine; on a table;

Prayer: takes, thanks, breaks,

gives the bread..wine

ALL CEREMONIAL EVOLVES GRADUALLY...DONE AT FIRST WITH NO IDEA OF RITUAL, BUT SIMPLY BECAUSE THEY HAD TO BE DONE FOR CONVENIENCE. Eucharistic Service was

not all written down and read in FIXED forms,

but in part composed by the BISHOP

The BREAD and WINE were brought to the

altar when they were wanted,

The LESSONS were read from a place where they

could be best heard HANDS were washed

because they were soiled.

Readings from Sacred Books – 1Tim4:13; etc. Sermons – Acts 20:7 Psalms and Hymns – 1Cor14:26 Public liturgical prayers for all classes – 1Tim2:8 Women covered heads – 1Cor11:5 Kiss of peace – 1Cor16:20; etc. Offertory of goods for the poor – Rom15:26; etc. Amen – 1Cor14:16 Breaking of the bread and thanksgiving – 1Cor10:16-21 Consecration prayers – Acts 2:42

That is why, LITURGY is the

SUMMIT AND FOUNT (SC10)

SUMMIT: the goal of the apostolic works is that all should come together to praise God in the midst of his Church, to take part in the sacrifice, and to eat the Lord’s supper.

FOUNT: ...draws the faithful into the compelling love of Christ and sets them on fire.

The prayer of the Church gathered in assembly, an ecclesial activity, celebrated by the whole Christ, Head and members (Catechism for Filipino Catholics #1507)

So, avoid: PRIVATE MASS, BAPTISM, WEDDING in a garden or beach!

CATHOLIC CHURCH LITURGICAL YEAR

- the Catholic Church sets aside certain days and seasons to recall and

celebrate various events in the life of Christ

ADVENT• The time of preparation for both the celebration

of Jesus’ birth and his expected coming at the end of time.

• This season lasts until Dcember 24 (Christmas Eve)

• Often marked by the Advent Wreath, a garland of evergreens with four candles

• Color: Violet (Gaudete Sunday, 3rd Sunday – Rose)• Omits the “Gloria in Excelsis” except for Masses

celebrating a feast day. A Gradual is used instead of an Alleluia

CHRISTMAS

• The traditional 12 days of Christmas begins with Christmas Eve on the evening of Dec 24 and ending with the feast of the Baptism of the Lord (Sunday after January 6).

• Color: White or Gold

ORDINARY TIME (FIRST PORTION)• Ordinary Time consists of 33 or 34 Sundays and is

divided into 2 sections. • The first portion extends from the day following

the Feast of the Baptism of Christ until the day before Ash Wednesday (the beginning of Lent)

• It contains anywhere from three to eight Sundays depending on how early or late Easter falls.

• The main focus in the readings of the Mass is Christ’s earthly ministry

• Color: Green

LENT

• A major penitential season of preparation for Easter• The period of purification and penance which begins on Ash

Wednesday and, if the penitential days of Good Friday and Holy Saturday are included, lasts for forty days, since the six Sundays within the season are not counted

• Ends on Holy Thursday.• The Gloria is not used in the Mass...and the Alleluia and

verse that usually precede the reading of the Gospel is either omitted or replaced with another acclamation.

• The week before Easter is called Holy Week.• Color: Violet

EASTER TRIDUUM• The Holy Thursday evening Mass of the Lord’s Supper (white vestments)

marks the beginning of the Easter Triduum.• Includes Good Friday, Holy Saturday, and Easter Sunday. Each of these

days begins liturgically not with the morning but with the preceding evening.

• These days recall Jesus’ Last Supper with his disciples, death on the cross, burial and resurrection

• Mass is not celebrated during the day of Good Friday; instead, a celebration of the passion of the Lord is held in the afternoon or evening. Color varies: no color, red, or black. The service is usually plain with somber music, ending with the congregation leaving in silence.

• Holy Saturday: commemorates the day during which Christ lay in the tomb. There is no Mass on this day; the Easter Vigil Mass, which, though celebrated properly at the following midnight, is often celebrated in the evening, is an Easter Mass

EASTER• The celebration of Jesus’ resurrection• A seven-week season, extends from the Easter Vigil and ends at

Pentecost Sunday.• Pentecost Sunday: this last feast recalls the descent of the Holy

Spirit upon Jesus’ disciples after the Ascension of Jesus• Ascension Thursday, which celebrates the return of Jesus to heaven

following his resurrection, is the fortieth day of Easter, but in places where it is not observed as a Holy Day of Obligation...transfers it to the following Sunday.

• Pentecost is the fiftieth and last day of the Easter Season. It celebrates the sending of the Holy Spirit to the Apostles, which traditionally marks the birth of the Church

• Color: Gold or White, except on Pentecost, on which the color is Red.

ORDINARY TIME (2ND PORTION)• Follows the Easter season and the feasts of Easter, Ascension, and

Pentecost.• Feasts during this season:

- Trinity Sunday, the first Sunday after Pentecost- Corpus Christi, Thursday of the second week after Pentecost, often celebrated on the following Sunday.- Feast of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Friday in the third week after Pentecost- Feast of Christ the King, last Sunday before Advent or last Sunday in October.

In the final few weeks of Ordinary Time, many churches direct attention to the coming of the Kingdom of God, thus ending the liturgical year with an eschatological theme that is one of the predominant themes of the season of Advent that began the liturgical year.

ABLUTION CUP

AMBO

CASSOCK

CHALICE

CIBORIUM

COMMUNION PATEN

CORPORAL

CREDENCE TABLE

CRUETS

LECTIONARY

PALL

PATEN

PURIFICATOR

SACRAMENTARY

SURPLICE

THURIBLE OR CENSER AND BOAT

GOSPEL BOOK

SACRISTY

SANCTUARY

STOLE

SKULL CAP

MITER

CROZIER

TABERNACLE