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1
The Development of Oil Industry in Bahrain Past, Present & Future
The Development of Oil Industry in Bahrain Past, Present & Future
By H.E. Dr. Abdulhussain Bin Ali MirzaMinister of Oil & Gas Affairs
Chairman of National Oil & Gas Authority (NOGA)
By H.E. Dr. Abdulhussain Bin Ali MirzaMinister of Oil & Gas Affairs
Chairman of National Oil & Gas Authority (NOGA)
Bahrain India SocietyMay 26, 2009
Bahrain India SocietyMay 26, 2009
Manama – Kingdom of BahrainManama – Kingdom of Bahrain
2
The beginning of the oil era inthe Kingdom of Bahrain
The beginning of the oil era inthe Kingdom of Bahrain
1840 - The first geological survey was conducted in
1840 by Captain Constable on behalf of the Geological
Survey of India.
1908 – “The strata which overlie the Jebel Al-Dukhan beds
are admirably adapted lithologically for storing petroleum” G.E. Pilgrim
1904 - 1905 – First Geological Exploration for
petroleum deposit by the Geological Survey of India.
3
4
Early geology work shows similar oil trapping potential on both sides
Early geology work shows similar oil trappingpotential on both sides
JEBEL DUKHAN
AIN EL QAR
CIRCLE OF CLIFFSJEBEL EL DHAHRAN
Ain El-Qar next to Jabel Al-Dukhan in
Bahrain is an ancient oil seepage that
the team of the Indian Geological
Survey made excavation around it.
Similar seepage was seen in Jabel
Al-Dhahran area in Saudi Arabia.
Ain El-Qar next to Jabel Al-Dukhan in
Bahrain is an ancient oil seepage that
the team of the Indian Geological
Survey made excavation around it.
Similar seepage was seen in Jabel
Al-Dhahran area in Saudi Arabia.
5
Major Frank HolmesFather of oil
Major Frank HolmesFather of oil
6
A copy of the map
used by Major Holmes
during negotiations
for oil concessions in
Bahrain ,Al Hassa ,
Kuwait and Qatar
during the early
1920s.
A copy of the map
used by Major Holmes
during negotiations
for oil concessions in
Bahrain ,Al Hassa ,
Kuwait and Qatar
during the early
1920s.
7
Bahrain Concession
Contract
Bahrain Concession
Contract
On December 2nd, 1925,
Bahrain signed an Oil
Exploration Concession
Agreement with Eastern
and General Syndicate.
This concession contract
marks the beginning of a
new era in Bahrain history.
8
Holmes transferred the interest to Gulf Oil
Corporation in 1927.
Gulf Oil sold its interest to the Standard Oil of
California (Socal) in 1928.
This led to the formation of the Bahrain Oil
Company (Bapco) on January 1929 in Canada.
The Red Line Agreement was signed in 1928
9
Gulbenkian
The Red Line Agreement - 1928The Red Line Agreement - 1928
10
B A P C O
Bapco was incorporated in Canada
January, 1929January, 1929
11
Bapco was registered as a Canadian company
In Ottawa, Canada
11th January, 192911th January, 1929
Trusts BuildingOttawa, Canada
12
Socal sent geologist Fred
Davies and drilling man
William Taylor to prepare for
the drilling.
March, 1930March, 1930
13
Socal geologist Fred Davis arrives in Bahrain from San Francisco in May 1930
Socal geologist Fred Davis arrives in Bahrain from San Francisco in May 1930
14
Fred Davies marked well
No. 1 with cairn of stones
surmounted by a flag
May, 1930May, 1930
15
Drilling rig and other equipments arrived at Manama port.
Ed Skinner with technical team arrived in Bahrain
May, 1931May, 1931
16
Spudded well no.1 - Bahrain
16th October, 193116th October, 1931
17
September, 1931September, 1931
Visit by Socal officials to Well No.1 drilling site
18
24th Nov. 200824th Nov. 2008
Visit by H.E. Dr.
Abdulhussain bin Ali Mirza
to Well No. 866 drilling site
19
The tireless and continuous hard
work by the Bahraini labor
force made the oil dream come true
The tireless and continuous hard
work by the Bahraini labor
force made the oildream come true
20
Oil discovery in Bahrain - 1932Oil discovery in Bahrain - 1932
Well of hope of hope
21
Beginning of the refining industry in BahrainBeginning of the refining industry in Bahrain
While finding oil is the most important part of
the exploration process, no one could ignore
the need of getting it to the market. Bahrain
refinery was essential for this step.
22
The start of the refining industry - 1936The start of the refining industry - 1936
Construction of Bapco Refinery
Official opening of Bapco Refinery – 1936 by H.H. Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al-Khalifa
23
First crude oil shipment from Bahrain
First crude oil shipment from Bahrain
Socal's tanker 'El Segundo' arrived on February 22, 1934 and completed the construction of the marine loading facilities at Sitra
24
Arabia - Bahrain pipeline constructed in 1945Arabia - Bahrain pipeline constructed in 1945
The pipeline links thetwo Kingdoms
25
Laying the Arabia - Bahrain pipeline, 1945Laying the Arabia - Bahrain pipeline, 1945
26
Leadership meetingsLeadership meetings
H.M. King Abdul Aziz visit to Bapco - 1939
27
H.M. King Saud and H.H. Sh. Salman – Bahrain, 1954
Seen in the picture Brigadier Ali Mirza
Leadership meetingsLeadership meetings
28
Feb 22, 1958 - Demarcation of the Maritime Boundary between the two brotherly Kingdoms
- Feb 22, 1958 Demarcation of the
Maritime Boundary between thetwo brotherly Kingdoms
Joint Agreement Area was definedJoint Agreement Area was defined
29
February 1966 H.H. Sh. Khalifaat Abu-Sa’fah field
The inauguration of the Abu-Sa’fah oil fieldthe two kingdoms share the oil resources
The inauguration of the Abu-Sa’fah oil fieldthe two kingdoms share the oil resources
30
Feb 1966 H.H. Sh. Khalifa at Abu-Sa’fah
The Inauguration of the Abu-Sa’fah Oil FieldThe two Kingdoms share equally
the oil resources
The Inauguration of the Abu-Sa’fah Oil FieldThe two Kingdoms share equally
the oil resources
31
Commitment to education and training
Commitment to education and training
Apprenticeship and craft education were provided by Bapco.
Classes in English and arithmetic are open to everyone.
College education was provided to the employees. Bapco School in Mid 1940s
32
BAPCO Weekly Star5th November 1958
Best Bahraini Weekly news paper in 50’s & 60s
BAPCO Weekly Star5th November 1958
Best Bahraini Weekly news paper in 50’s & 60s
33
Bahrain Field Peaked @ 77,000 Bopd in 1970 Bahrain Field Peaked @ 77,000 Bopd in 1970
Then it declined @ 16 % per annum Then it declined @ 16 % per annum
At this decline rate the field should have ceased At this decline rate the field should have ceased production by 1994 production by 1994
Decline was arrested in 1983 by initiating production Decline was arrested in 1983 by initiating production improvement measures (Infill Drilling, Workovers, improvement measures (Infill Drilling, Workovers, Artificial Lifting, Reservoir Management etc) Artificial Lifting, Reservoir Management etc)
Bahrain FieldBahrain Field
An overview of the period 1983-2007An overview of the period 1983-2007
34
Restructuring of The Oil Industry in BahrainRestructuring of The Oil Industry in Bahrain
NOGA is formed by Royal Degree 63 Year 2005NOGA is formed by Royal Degree 63 Year 2005
35
Kingdom Of Bahrain objectivesKingdom Of Bahrain objectives
Increase oil and gas production
Generate additional oil and gas reserves
Increase revenue to the kingdom of Bahrain
Technology transfer, training & Bahrainization
Achieve highest level of SHE standards
Increase oil and gas production
Generate additional oil and gas reserves
Increase revenue to the kingdom of Bahrain
Technology transfer, training & Bahrainization
Achieve highest level of SHE standards
36
New Initiatives New Initiatives
37
Block- 1 2858 Km2
OXY
Block- 2 2228 Km2
PTTEP
Block- 41478 Km2
OXY
Block- 31088 Km2
OXY
Bahrain offshore blocksBahrain offshore blocks
38
Bahrain Field Phased Development Project (BFPDP)Bahrain Field Phased Development Project (BFPDP)
Average Depth ( Ft )
1500
1700
2200
3500
10000
Aruma & Rubble (Tar & Heavy Oil)
Shallow Zones( Ostracod / Magwa / Aa Ab )
Bahrain Zones( Ac / Mdd / Cab / Cc / Cd )
Arab & Minor Zones( Kharaib / Fadhili / ARB / ARS / ARD )
Khuff Gas Zones( K0 / K1 / K2 / K3 )
13000 Pre-Khuff Zones
BFPDP – Oil & Gas Zones
Deep Gas Project
Heavy Oil Zones
Shallow Zones
Bahrain Zones
Arab Zones
Khuff Zones
Pre-Khuff Zones
39
Tertiary Oil
Thermal &Chemical Flood
Secondary Oil
G/I, W/I, Artificial Lifting
Primary Oil
Engineered RecoveryEngineered Recovery
NaturalRecoveryNaturalRecovery
Te
ch
no
log
y,
Inv
es
tme
nt,
Hu
ma
n I
nte
rve
nti
on
Te
ch
no
log
y,
Inv
es
tme
nt,
Hu
ma
n I
nte
rve
nti
on
60 – 70 %60 – 70 %
Middle EastFieldsMiddle EastFields
US FieldsUS Fields
Bahrain FieldBahrain Field
Oil RecoveryOil Recovery
Re
se
rve
Gro
wth
Re
se
rve
Gro
wth
Phases Of Oil ProductionPhases Of Oil Production
40
Bapco – No Development
Oil
Ra
te,
Ba
rre
l /
Da
y
2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 2027
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
Year
Bapco – Development
Baseline
Winning Company
Bahrain Field – Phased Development ProjectOil Production Scenarios
Bahrain Field – Phased Development ProjectOil Production Scenarios
41
Bahrain Field Phased Development Project - $ 15 Billion Bahrain Field Phased Development Project - $ 15 Billion
Refinery modernization with LSDP project - $ 1 Billion Refinery modernization with LSDP project - $ 1 Billion
Exploration of 4 Offshore Blocks - $ 170 Million
Deep Gas Project - $ 300 Million
Exploration of 4 Offshore Blocks - $ 170 Million
Deep Gas Project - $ 300 Million
Lube Base Oil Plant - $ 400 Million
A-B Pipeline Replacement - $ 350 Million
Independent Terminal - $ 300 Million
Refinery Master Plan - $ 5 Billion
Lube Base Oil Plant - $ 400 Million
A-B Pipeline Replacement - $ 350 Million
Independent Terminal - $ 300 Million
Refinery Master Plan - $ 5 Billion
New projectsNew projects
42
Bahrain – Centre of Professional KnowledgeBahrain – Centre of Professional Knowledge
Major oil & gas and petrochemical conferences of the region are held in Bahrain.
Middle East Oil Show, GEO Conference, PETROTECH are some of them.
These conferences attract delegates from all over the world to share the experience of pioneering technologies that are applied in this region.
43
Technical EventsTechnical Events
44
Bonds ofBahrain Oil Industry
with India
Bonds ofBahrain Oil Industry
with India
45
The Indian Expatriates in Bapco have contributed significantly to the progress of the oil business.
46
Traditionally the oil industry has been regularly employing experts from India not only for technical skills but also for health environment and safety matters
Challa R. MurtySr. Reservoir EngineerChalla R. MurtySr. Reservoir Engineer
S. S. MurthyManager MaintenanceS. S. MurthyManager Maintenance
K KumarHead Reservoir EngineerK KumarHead Reservoir Engineer
A. V. SundararamanHead Design EngineerA. V. SundararamanHead Design Engineer
Dr. Mary John P.Medical OfficerDr. Mary John P.Medical Officer R. K. Goyal
Advisor Risk ManagementR. K. GoyalAdvisor Risk Management
47
194 191 189 200 211
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Indian Employees in BapcoIndian Employees in Bapco
Year
48
Crude and Refined Products Export to IndiaCrude and Refined Products Export to India
6.06.0
3.43.4
6.16.1
12.712.7
4.1
0.5 0.41.6
1.91.9
2.92.9
5.75.7
11.111.1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2005 2006 2007 2008
Refined Products
Crude
Mil
lio
n B
arre
ls
Year
49
There has always been a strong, honorable
and friendly relationship between India and
the Kingdom of Bahrain.
With God’s will, this will be strengthened
further in the future.
There has always been a strong, honorable
and friendly relationship between India and
the Kingdom of Bahrain.
With God’s will, this will be strengthened
further in the future.
50
I am grateful to the professional community
of India in Bahrain who are part of the
advancement of our Industry. You have my
admiration for the wonderful work you do in
strengthening the bonds between our two
countries.
I am grateful to the professional community
of India in Bahrain who are part of the
advancement of our Industry. You have my
admiration for the wonderful work you do in
strengthening the bonds between our two
countries.
51
Thank YouThank You