Integration of Innovation and New Technologies in a Sustainable Public Transport Policy: The Toulouse Experience

I t ti f I ti d T h l iIntegration of Innovation and new Technologies in a Sustainable Public Transport PolicyThe Toulouse Experience

Sustainable Urban Transport Event

Kocaeli 7th 8th of April 2011Kocaeli – 7th-8th of April 2011

Alexandre BLAQUIERE

Presentation of the Toulouse agglomeration

almost 1 million inhabitants+ 16.000 inhabitants / 1 year

The 4th City of France (5th conurbation)The 4 City of France (5 conurbation)with one of the most important growth rate in France.

On an area of 860 km²On an area of 860 kmalmost 900.000 of inhabitantsthat gives a quite low density even for an European city.

Integration of Innovation & new Technologies in a Sustainable PT Policy – Toulouse – 2

Airbus Industry Galileo Program

Mobility characteristics of Toulouse (situation in 2004)y ( )

Last households mobility enquiry (2004) results :

3 139 000 trips 496 0002004 with 2 418 000 mechanized* trips

1 980 000 trips

p

2 542 000 trips

1990

1996

2004

Same area than 1996

with 1 986 000 mechanized* trips

with 2 418 000 mechanized trips

with 1 580 000 mechanized* trips

1 656 000 trips1978 Total on the conurbationwith 1 135 000 mechanized* trips

(*) Trips that hasn’t been realised by foot.

With an average 100%

gmotorisation rate of :

1,34 cars / household

Modal split in 2004 : 8,0%

8,4% 8,1% 8,2% 7,0%

4,4%

3,1% 2,8% 3,2% 2,8%6,0%

2,5% 1,2% 1,8% 1,7%21,9% 23,4% 21,4%20,2%

31,5%

50%

75%

Bicycle

Public Transports

Private Vehicles

Modal split in 2004 :

Average Ecological Footprint in Toulouse :

47,7%63,2% 63,3% 61,1% 64,4%

,

25%

50%

Other 2-wheels

Foot


Footprint in Toulouse :

5,31 acres / hab. / year0%

1978 1990 1996 2004 2004

Other modes

An overview of the Urban Public Transport Network

A unique brand : Tisséo

2 metro lines (12,5 km / 15 km) opened in 1993 / 2007VAL technology from Siemens89 millions of validations in 2010

1 Tram line (18 km) recently opened (end of 2010)CITADIS technology from Alstom

66 bus lines / around 550 buses (diesel & CNG)17 millions of km realised in 201017 millions of km realised in 201038 millions of validations in 2010

12 demand responsive transport services8 Parks & Ride (around 7000 places)8 Parks & Ride (around 7000 places)Around 50 M€ of receipts (tickets) in 2010

An urban mobility plan (PDU) validated in 2001


y p ( )and presently under revision.

The Urban Mobility Plan Approach

In relation to a dedicated law (1996) that forces all French cities that have more the 100.000 inhabitants to establish such a plan : p

Plan des Déplacements Urbains (PDU)

Law that is directly issue from the national policy on the Air Quality and Rational Use of EnergiesRational Use of Energies

Approach that is now directly linked to national funds and the Environment Protection Policy (Grenelle de l’Environnement)

Establish a real link between the Urban Planning Policy and the Public Transport Policy within the City DevelopmentPolicy within the City Development

Define the PT priorities in term of PT investment and level of services with the objecti e of increasing the PT se


objective of increasing the PT use

The Urban Mobility Plan Approach

In relation to a dedicated law (1996) that forces all French cities that have more the 100.000 inhabitants to establish such a plan : p

Plan des Déplacements Urbains (PDU)

Law that is directly issue from the national policy on the Air Quality and Rational Use of EnergiesRational Use of Energies

Approach that is now directly linked to national funds and the Environment Protection Policy (Grenelle de l’Environnement)

Establish a real link between the Urban Planning Policy and the Public Transport Policy within the City DevelopmentPolicy within the City Development

Define the PT priorities in term of PT investment and level of services with the objecti e of increasing the PT se


objective of increasing the PT use

A shared statement on PT Policy

From a Social Approach 80’s

to a Sustainable Approach 90’s

that by definition covers 3 pillars :Environment / Social / EconomicEnvironment / Social / Economic

That is now a key thematic in the Urban Policy / Election !

That is now a major preoccupation of Citizen !

Th t i till i t d t l tThat is still associated to a long term process … … in relation to the change of behaviours !

Car’s Users vs PT Users Multimodal Users


Car s Users vs PT Users Multimodal Users Car-oriented Policy Integrated Transport Policy

The Toulouse Public Transport Policy

To reach the local PDU’s objectives of increasing the modal share of PT

2 main issues : 1) develop the PT offer and level of service in a more rational way2) give a modern / attractive image of Public Transport

in order to be more attractive to act on the travellers’ behaviour !in order to be more attractive … to act on the travellers behaviour !


1- Rely on a Structured PT Network

With efficient and modern PT infrastructures :

- Choice of an Automatic Metro solution (1993 – 2007) for the City Centre

- Development of peripheral PT axis (2006 – 2020)Development of peripheral PT axis (2006 2020)connected to metro terminus and/or crossing

the City Centre using Tramway and concept of BRT / BHNS


2- Adopt a clean vehicle strategy

Choice of the CNG solution in 2002 … running now 168 CNG buses (more than 1/3 of the fleet)g ( )

but not only 1 solution in order to get an Energy independency

Future will probably be based on Hybrid Solutions …but clean vehicle technologies are always in evolution !but clean vehicle technologies are always in evolution !

In conclusion permits to strongly increase the image of PT … mind’ association between PT and environment protection !

While decreasing the Operational Costs of Bus lanes …either a necessary adhesion of the PT operator is requested !

Some Results :- Extra operational cost of a Diesel buses : 1 300 € / year- Reduction of CO (div. by 4), HC (div. by 2) and Particulates (div. by 10)


- Small increase of NOx emission

3- Facilitate connection to the PT network and multimodal behaviour developmentand multimodal behaviour development

Propose Park & Ride infrastructures with an accesscontrol for PT users travelling by cars & bicyclesg y & y

Importance of the security !

Inform and communicate about the PT alternative to the cars users

Facilitate the interchange between PT modes … urban & interurban bus - tram - metro - trainurban & interurban bus - tram - metro - train

Combine the Parking policy to the PT policy …


4- Optimise the Bus Network Management

Priority given to the “Bus network Regulation”

Optimisation / Rationalisation of operational costs and economy in term of : courses / buses / drivers / fuel / pollution

Integrate the social dimension at the bus drivers level better information / better regulation

better security tomake aware of their responsibility andmake aware of their responsibility and increase the level of service they’re giving

Based on an efficient radio and satellite navigation t h l i t b fl ttechnologies to manage buses fleet

Collection of Data that permits to analyse the travel time


to understand the way the network is running

5- Give PT’s Priority to the Traffic Junctions

Improve (again) the PT regulation strategy

Improve the overall Travel Time especially at Traffic Junctions level … … the competitiveness with Private Cars

Reduce the travel’s nuisance for the PT users !

Contribute to the modern image of the PT network

Based on GPS localization and radio communication between Buses and Traffic controllers

Average improvements :- 10 to 15% on the travel time with a segregated lane- up to 50% of waiting time at traffic junction with priority system


- up to 20% on the travel time when there are combined

6- Propose a rational PT service for the less dense area

In a non dense area, running a bus and propose an efficient bus service is absolutely not Cost Effective !y

A solution is to propose a Transport on Demand service, that basically rely on :

- the use of smaller vehiclethe use of smaller vehicle- the connection to the closest PT nodes

(metro terminus)- a booking central to identify client’s needs

the optimisation of courses (itinerary / time table)- the optimisation of courses (itinerary / time table) … in order to pick a maximum of clients

This solution could be adapted to disabled people … ifi b ior specific urban services

Should be a solution when a bus line is transporting less than 2000 passengers / day


less than 2000 passengers / day.

7- Develop a Smart Ticketing and propose an innovative Fare Management Policypropose an innovative Fare Management Policy

Propose Tariffs in relation to the local Transport policy (social priorities for younger & older citizens) ( p y g )

Propose innovative Tariffs in order to :simplify the “use” of Public Transportsdevelop Customer Loyaltydevelop Customer Loyalty

Application of a normalized solution for interoperability of Ticketing systems on the Regional area

Give a modern image to the PT … … with the use of Contact Less solution

based on a personalised Smart Card


Cost of PT ticket is not necessarily a crucial element in the PT users’ choice process.

8- Propose an efficient Traveller Information …

After the PT’s offer it is considered on the top of the PT’ users request … far behind the PT cost !q

Inform about the PT offer is really important … But, for frequent users, the most important will be

during disturbed period / crisis situation !during disturbed period / crisis situation !

Improving the reliability of the information implies to control the whole PT management process :F th d i d th d ti f PT iFrom the design and the production of PT services to the passenger information broadcast.

Real time information is the ultimate goal …

But been able to produce a relevant theoric information at the whole PT network level should be the first challenge !


Importance of the data quality control …

9- Promote Complementary Mobility Services …

PT should be considered as a link in the whole mobility chain …

PT use could be develop …… by facilitating the connection with other mobility means… by proposing complementary mobility services

to improve the overall interest of using them !to improve the overall interest of using them !

It is why Tisséo propose a car-pooling service ... … with around 2000 car-poolers data base

work on the integration of services between PT and Bicycle rental service or Car-Sharing service


From the role of the PT Authority to the role of the Mobility Management Authority !

10- … integrate and propose them (7-8-9) on new media

“Nomad Objects” are oriented to the travellers …… and mobility applications are clearly one of the most y pp y

expected applications by their users !

These new technologies (Web – NFC – Smartmedia) :i lif ’ t t t & bilit i- simplify users’ access to transport & mobility services

- reduce seriously investment / operational costs !- simplify the interoperability of associated systems …

… in favour of the multimodality development !- facilitate the implementation of innovative & integrated

added-value mobility services

New way of interaction with the final users … potential to explore of Social Networks

&


New Public & Private Partnership development …

In conclusion …

The application of new technologies is really a strategic issue within the definition of a sustainable PT policy :p y

In order to improve the cost-effectiveness of the PT service proposedof the PT service proposed

In order to facilitate the integration / the access of PT in the whole multimodal mobility chain

In order to improve the ‘image’ of PT : cleaner / smarter… while proposing an efficient service to the final user

I d t d it’ C b F t i t In order to reduce it’s own Carbon Footprint …… and by developing it’s use :the overall transport Carbon footprint of the City !


Thank you for your attention !

Alexandre Blaquière

[email protected]

And if you want to know more about Tisséo and CIVITAS

www.tisseo.fr www.civitas-initiative.org

or come to ECOMM on the 18-19-20 of May 2011 !European Conference On Mobility Management


www.ecomm2011.eu

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Integration of Innovation and New Technologies in a Sustainable Public Transport Policy: The Toulouse Experience